Hydrogen Discharge Research Articles

Electric field and rotational temperature measurements based on electric field-induced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering in visible region (E-CARSv) in hydrogen discharge plasmas

Electric field measurements with a time resolution of a few nanoseconds using an electric field-induced coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering in the visible region (E-CARSv) scheme were performed in a repetitively pulsed nanosecond discharge plasma in a 0.3-atm hydrogen environment. The rotational temperature was estimated using the E-CARSv scheme, which enables us to extract electric fields even at elevated gas temperatures. The estimated rotational temperature was 390 K, which reduced the E-CARSv signal intensity by approximately 50% when the rotational temperature was equal to the gas temperature. Considering the reduction, the peak electric field was estimated to be −1.4 kV/mm, which is 40% higher than −1.0 kV/mm, assuming no elevated temperatures.

Impact of ionization and transport on pedestal density structure in DIII-D and Alcator C-Mod

Abstract This paper investigates the role of ionization on the pedestal structure using both measurements and modeling for H-mode plasmas on DIII-D and Alcator C-Mod to enhance our ability to predict pedestal behavior in future pilot plants. The impact of the neutral penetration depth on the pedestal density is investigated using dimensionally matching hydrogen and deuterium DIII-D H-mode discharges at low and high electron density. The DIII-D Lyman-α diagnostic measurements show that hydrogen neutrals penetrate deeper inside the plasma on both the high field and low field side, while the pedestal electron density structure is similar for both isotopes. However, as the opaqueness increases we observe that the pedestal density gradient becomes stiff, similar to prior observations on DIII-D and C-Mod (Mordijck 2020 Nuclear Fusion 60 082006). In addition, these results also confirm prior measured and modeled poloidal asymmetries in neutral densities, indicating that to make transport predictions, 2D neutral modeling is necessary. The first direct validation of SOLPS-ITER for the measured brightness, emissivity and neutral densities for three different confinement regimes on C-Mod is introduced. The SOLPS-ITER model shows good agreement, within the constrains of the model for all regimes. In addition, a comparison of SOLPS-ITER modeling for DIII-D and C-Mod shows that as opaqueness increases, the role of divertor fueling and thus poloidal asymmetries in the neutral density profiles decreases. Based on these experimental and modeling results we estimate the size of a potential particle pinch using typical values for the diffusion coefficient for both DIII-D and C-Mod H-mode discharges.

Catalytic Effect of Titanium Ions on the Cathodic Reduction of Selenium (VI), Copper (II), Uranium (VI) Ions and Other Metals in an Aqueous Solutions

It is known that catalytic processes are widely applied in the field of organic chemistry; however they also play a significant role in inorganic chemistry. Nonetheless, numerous unresolved issues persist in the technology of inorganic substances and the extraction of metals and nonmetals in their elemental states. This publication aims to consolidate the results of our pioneering research utilizing the redox Ti (IV)–Ti (III) system, which demonstrates a catalytic action on the cathodic reduction of selenium (VI), copper (II), platinum (IV), palladium (IV), bismuth, arsenic (V) ions, uranium (VI), as well as manganese dioxide suspension. It has been demonstrated that in the presence of the redox Ti (IV)–Ti (III) system, hard-to-reduce selenate ions can be reduced at room temperature. The catalytic action of the redox Ti (IV)–Ti (III) system has been reliably demonstrated, and the reaction mechanism has been established. In the electrochemical production of metal powders (Cu, Pt, Pd, Bi) at cathode current densities exceeding the limiting value, a portion of the current is irreversibly lost to the discharge of hydrogen ions. Consequently, the current efficiency (CE) for powder production does not exceed 80 %. We have established that in the presence of titanium (IV) ions, due to their catalytic action, the CE increases by more than 15 %. It has also been shown that during the cathodic polarization of hexavalent uranium its reduction to uranium (IV) in the presence of the catalyst increases by more than 50 %. The reduction of hard-to-reduce arsenate ions in the presence of titanium (IV) ions proceeds with high CE to the active trivalent state, and further reduction can proceed electrochemically. The cathodic reduction of a manganese dioxide suspension was investigated. In the presence of a catalyst — titanium (IV) ions, manganese in this dioxide is reduced to the divalent state with a current efficiency exceeding 90 %.

Investigation of microstructure, hydrogen storage performance of Re-Mg-based alloy modified by RE2O3 (RE = Dy, Er, Yb)

In order to further study the hydrogen storage mechanism of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials, Mg90Ce5Y5 alloy was used as the basis, and three kinds of heavy rare earth oxides were doped into the alloy by ball milling technology. The microstructure and hydrogen storage properties were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and PCI. The results show that the hydrogen absorption rate and discharge rate of modified Mg90Ce5Y5 alloy are significantly increased, and the performance is Er2O3 > Dy2O3 > Yb2O3. The hydrogen storage capacity of Er2O3 catalyzed samples is 5.02 wt%, which is higher than 4.82 wt% and 4.80 wt% of Dy2O3 and Yb2O3 catalyzed samples. The hydrogen absorption saturation rate of the sample catalyzed by Er2O3 for 2 min is ∼90 %, the complete release of hydrogen only takes 50 min at 573 K, and the dehydrogenation activation energy is 76.9 kJ/mol. The hydrogen absorption and emission rate is fast, and the dehydrogenation activation energy is slightly lower than that of the other two catalysts. In the process of hydrogen absorption and desorption, the three catalysts exhibit different phase transitions, namely DyH2↔DyH3, ErH2↔ErH3 and irreversible YbH2. DyH2↔DyH3, ErH2↔ErH3 phase transitions have the "hydrogen pump" effect, which can effectively improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption kinetic rate of Mg90Ce5Y5 alloy. Some nano-rare earth compounds and phase transformation significantly improve the kinetic properties of the alloy. However, the enthalpy change of all three catalytic alloys is around 76 kJ/mol H2, which is considered only a slight improvement in thermodynamic properties.

Simulation on the hollow cathode discharge in hydrogen

A rectangular hollow cathode discharge (HCD) in hydrogen with a pressure of 2 Torr is simulated using a 2-D fluid model. The potential, electric field, particle density, and average electron temperature are calculated. The discharge space consists of the cathode sheath region near the cathode electrode and the negative glow (NG) region in the central region of the discharge cell. A high electric field of thousands of V/cm and a low electric field of tens of V/cm appear in the cathode sheath region and NG region, respectively. The average electron temperature in the cathode sheath region is tens of eV, which is significantly higher than that in the NG region. Electrons and H3 + are the main negative particles and positive ions, whose peaks appear in the NG region, and the peak magnitude is on the order of 1010 cm−3. H atom is the highest-density neutral particle other than H2 with a peak density of 1013 cm−3. The reaction kinetics of the generation and consumption of different particles are explored. The results show that each reaction generates certain particles while consuming other particles, ultimately achieving a dynamic equilibrium in the density of various particles. The electrons mainly originate from the ground state ionization between electron and H2 (e+H2 → e+H2 ++e) and are consumed by the dissociative attachment (e+H2 → H−+H). The charge transfer collision reaction (H2 ++H2 → H3 ++H) is the only reaction that produces H3 + ions. Different reactions to the consumption of H3 + ions do not differ significantly. The generation and consumption of H mainly originate from the electron collision dissociation reaction (e+H2 → e+H+H) and the ionization reaction (e+H→H++2e).

Experimental studies of H2/Ar plasma in a cylindrical inductive discharge with an expansion region

Abstract The electrical parameters of H2/Ar plasma in a cylindrical inductive discharge with an expansion region are investigated by a Langmuir probe, where Ar fractions range from 0% to 100%. The influence of gas composition and pressure on electron density, the effective electron temperature and the electron energy probability functions (EEPFs) at different spatial positions are present. In driver region, with the introduction of a small amount of Ar at 0.3 Pa, there is a rapid increase in electron density accompanied by a decrease in the effective electron temperature. Additionally, the shape of the EEPF transitions from a three-temperature distribution to a bi-Maxwellian distribution due to an increase in electron–electron collision. However, this phenomenon resulting from the changes in gas composition vanishes at 5 Pa due to the prior depletion of energetic electrons caused by the increase in pressure during hydrogen discharge. The EEPFs for the total energy in expansion region is coincident to these in the driver region at 0.3 Pa, as do the patterns of electron density variation between these two regions for differing Ar fractions. At 5 Pa, as the discharge transitions from H2 to Ar, the EEPFs evolved from a bi-Maxwellian distribution with pronounced low energy electrons to a Maxwellian distribution in expansion region. This evolve may be attributed to a reduction in molecular vibrational excitation reactions of electrons during transport and the transition from localized electron dynamics in hydrogen discharge to non-localized electron dynamics in argon discharge. In order to validate the experimental results, we use the COMSOL simulation software to calculate electrical parameters under the same conditions. The evolution and spatial distribution of the electrical parameters of the simulation results agree well with the trend of the experimental results.

Effects of Heteroatom Doping on the Electrochemical Hydrogen Uptake and Release of Pd-Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide.

Heteroatom doping has been widely recognized as a key strategy for improving the electrochemical properties of graphene-based materials for hydrogen storage. However, a precise understanding of how heteroatom doping influences catalytic performance, specifically regarding the intricate effects of doping-induced electron redistribution, has been lacking. Here, we report on a comprehensive exploration of the electrochemical performance enhancement in Pd-decorated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposites through fluorine (F) or nitrogen (N) doping. Various analytical techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES), and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) were employed to thoroughly characterize the synthesized nanocomposites. The findings revealed that either F or N doping effectively addressed clustering issues of Pd nanoparticles formed on the rGO surface, resulting in improved homogeneity of Pd distribution. Electrochemical studies provided crucial insights into hydrogen adsorption-desorption behaviors. The heteroatom doped nanocomposites, Pd/N-rGO and Pd/F-rGO, exhibited superior electrochemical performance, which can be attributed to the increase of the active sites due to the N-/F-doping, respectively. The hydrogen discharge capacities of Pd/N-rGO (80.9 mAh g-1) and Pd/F-rGO (25.0 mAh g-1) nanocomposites were determined to be over 4.0 and 1.2 times higher than that of the Pd/rGO (20.1 mAh g-1), respectively. The distinctive electrochemical performances observed between the two types of heteroatom-containing nanocomposites highlight the subtle structural modifications of Pd nanoparticles as the key factor influencing performance. This research contributes essential knowledge to the evolving field of hydrogen storage materials, emphasizing the promising potential of heteroatom-doped Pd-decorated rGO nanocomposites for advancing clean and sustainable energy solutions.

Effect of rotation speed on hydrogen storage properties of Ti45Zr38Ni17 alloy ribbons produced by melt spinning

Abstract Ti/Zr-based icosahedral (i) quasicrystals are believed to have a Bergman-type cluster with a large number of tetrahedral interstitials, making them attractive as potential hydrogen storage materials. In this study, Ti45Zr38Ni17 alloy ribbons were prepared by melt spinning at different rotation speeds, and the effect of the rotation speed on the microstructures and hydrogen storage capacities was investigated. The i-phase with a small amount of Ti2Ni phase and/or some minor crystal phase was identified after melt spinning, but the amount of amorphous phase increased and the Ti2Ni and the other crystal phases decreased with increasing rotation speed. After gaseous hydrogen loading at 573 K and a pressure of 3 MPa, a hydride phase was observed in the samples with more amorphous phase, suggesting that the amorphous phase turned into the hydride phase. The maximum gaseous hydrogen capacity (H/M), 1.31, was obtained for the sample with more i-phase. After electrochemical hydrogen loading, a slightly higher maximum discharge capacity was observed in a less-quality quasicrystal sample at the first loading, that decreased drastically after the second cycle, but gradually increased with increasing cycling up to 20 cycles. The maximum hydrogen discharge capacity obtained in sample with more i-phase, reached about 10 mAh/g, while the less-amount one 4 mAh/g, suggesting the i-phase has higher hydrogen capacity than the crystal and the amorphous phases.

Efficient hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation of synergistically catalyzed Mg10Fe by MoS2 and Y2O3 via one-step synthesis and multistage regulation

To effectively deal with the long preparation period and low hydrogen absorption capacity issue of Mg-based hydrogen storage materials. One-step multistage control strategy and high-pressure hydrogenation have been employed to prepare Mg10Fe-M (M = MoS2 or Y2O3 or both) composites. The phase composition, microstructure, morphology, non-isothermal dehydrogenation thermodynamics and isothermal dehydrogenation kinetics at different milling time (2, 4, 8 h) were explored, and the catalytic hydrogen absorption and discharge mechanism of Mg10Fe–MoS2–Y2O3 was proposed. The addition of MoS2 nanoflowers and Y2O3 powder can synergistically regulate and improve the hydrogenation capacity and dehydrogenation temperature of Mg10Fe. The hydrogen absorption and dehydrogenation of Mg10Fe–MoS2–Y2O3 in short time milling for 2 h are 3.64 wt% and 3.27 wt% respectively. After extending the milling time to 8 h, the thermodynamic and kinetic behavior of Mg10Fe-M (M = MoS2 or Y2O3 or both) is greatly improved. Kinetically, the hydrogenation or dehydrogenation capacity increases significantly, Mg10Fe–MoS2 doesn't need activation, and the hydrogenation capacity reaches 5.42 wt% at 623 K, with a yield of about 85.9 % in 60 min. Thermodynamically, the initial dehydrogenation peak temperature drops to about 310 °C, and the apparent activation energy also decreases significantly, among which Mg10Fe–MoS2–Y2O3 was 91.87 kJ/mol. These are attributed to the fact that MoS2 nanoflowers provide many active sites for H2 adsorption and H atom dissociation. Synchro-efficient synthesis and regulation of Mg-rich composite hydrogen storage materials are expected to shorten the synthesis cycle, improve the hydrogen storage performance, and lay a material foundation for the design and development of solid hydrogen storage devices.

Jump and hysteresis of plasma density in the spatial afterglow of inductively coupled plasmas

In this work, jump and hysteresis of plasma density between low-density (LD) and high-density (HD) in the spatial afterglow of inductively coupled plasmas are experimentally studied for different gas discharges. A quartz plate with a micropore is used to independently control the pressures in the active plasma and spatial afterglow. The plasma density jump from LD to HD vs the pressure in the spatial afterglow only exists in a larger micropore diameter. By adjusting the pressure back and forth, a hysteresis loop in plasma density is formed. The light intensity and excitation rate vs the pressure corresponds well to the jump and hysteresis of plasma density. Therefore, the abrupt changes in ionization rate are responsible for the jump and hysteresis of plasma density. Compared with argon discharges, the critical pressure for the jump from LD to HD is higher in nitrogen discharges, forming a larger hysteresis loop. For hydrogen discharges, the jump from LD to HD is less significant and the hysteresis loop almost disappears. In argon–hydrogen mixed gas discharges, there is no hysteresis loop in plasma density. Experimental results obtained using Langmuir double probes and spectrometer achieve qualitative agreement in gas discharges mentioned above.

Striations in a radio frequency hydrogen discharge tube: Optical emission plasma diagnostics and Raman analysis of in situ graphite probes

Striations in a radio frequency hydrogen discharge tube: Optical emission plasma diagnostics and Raman analysis of <i>in situ</i> graphite probes

Plasma properties in the vicinity of the last closed flux surface in hydrogen and helium fusion plasma discharges

The origin of the bi-Maxwellian electron energy distribution function (EEDF) observed in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of tokamak plasmas by means of Langmuir probes is still under discussion. It has been assumed that the ionization of hydrogen and deuterium neutrals by thermal electrons penetrating the SOL from the bulk plasma is the main reason for the appearance of a second Maxwellian. To validate this assumption, radial measurements of the electron temperatures and densities, or the plasma properties in helium plasmas in the GOLEM tokamak and the TJ-II stellarator were performed. The radial profiles of the low-temperature electron group densities follow the trend of the calculated radial profiles of the electron sources arising from the ionization of neutrals in both deuterium and helium plasmas in TJ-II. The difference in the radial location where the bi-Maxwellian EEDF appears can be explained by the difference in the rate coefficients for ionization of deuterium and helium. The results of probe measurements in GOLEM and the WEST tokamak divertor, at one radial location in the SOL, are compatible with the hypothesis concerning the ionization of neutral atoms and the type of the EEDF.

Evaluation of cross sections for fast ion reactions with beryllium in helium and hydrogen fusion plasmas

To computationally support hydrogen and helium plasma discharges in the early stages of tokamak operation and to support the commissioning of the neutron detectors during these operational phases, creation of a realistic neutron and gamma ray particle source for Monte Carlo simulations will be needed. One of the most important parts of creating the particle source is calculating the reaction rates of the particle-emitting reactions to determine the emission profile in the plasma and the energy spectra of the emitted particles. In this paper the analysis and evaluation of cross sections for important neutron-emitting reactions, namely, 9Be(p,nγ)9B, 9Be(3He,nγ)11C, and charged-particle emission reactions 9Be(p,d)2α and 9Be(p,α)6Li that cause neutron emission in the next step of interactions are presented. The reaction cross sections were evaluated based on experimental measurements and empirical models describing the interaction of two charged particles. Evaluation of the associated uncertainties was also performed. The main goal of the work is to propose the newly evaluated cross sections for inclusion in the FENDL nuclear data library, thus making the cross section available to other researchers studying the above listed reactions.

Power and isotope effects in the ITER baseline scenario with tungsten and tungsten-equivalent radiators in DIII-D

Experiments in DIII-D document the ITER Baseline Scenario (IBS) at q 95 ∼ 3 and P IN/P LH ∼ 1–2, in both deuterium and hydrogen utilizing Kr and Xe as Tungsten-equivalent radiators. The power threshold for H-mode operation (P LH) was determined experimentally without added impurities and found to be about a factor of two higher than the scaling law. In recent IBS experiments in deuterium, intrinsic levels of metals such as Tungsten (W) or molybdenum and inconel are present that reduce the pedestal pressure by 20%–25%. A complete radiative collapse of deuterium IBS plasmas occurs at W core concentrations C W = 10−5. Simulations show that for core temperatures expected for ITER, the plasmas would not have a radiative collapse at C W = 1 × 10−5, moreover Q = 8–10 would still be achieved for C W up to 3 × 10−5. In contrast to deuterium, the IBS in hydrogen is not affected by intrinsic high-Z impurities, indicating that hydrogen H-modes in ITER may not inform the D-T phase with respect to W accumulation and discharge survival. Compared to deuterium, the pedestal pressure in hydrogen is ∼25% lower, with much higher ELM frequency of 150 Hz, decreasing with input power. Krypton was injected in a matrix scan of input power and impurity flow in IBS hydrogen discharges. Krypton impurity density profiles in hydrogen are similar to deuterium plasmas, but at Kr flows that are 2–3 times higher for the same input power. Krypton is transported into the core and affects the whole radius; at the highest injection rates a radiative collapse occurs at core radiation fractions of 0.3–0.35, consistent with the expected maximum W radiation fraction for ITER core plasmas. Comparing the results with previous International Tokamak Physics Activity database studies of the IBS confirms that at higher radiation fraction due to high-Z impurities, a drop in H 98 of >10% is observed. On the other hand, the results using Kr as a W-equivalent radiator indicate that metal (W) devices at lower core temperatures than ITER may provide overly pessimistic performance extrapolations to ITER for deuterium-tritium operation. The new DIII-D results support a more attractive option for the ITER Research Plan with a short hydrogen phase for system commissioning, transitioning to deuterium operations as soon as possible to provide relevant conditions for deuterium-tritium operations.

Design of a new nanocomposite based on Keggin-type [ZnW12O40]6− anionic cluster anchored on NiZn2O4 ceramics as a promising material towards the electrocatalytic hydrogen storage

Extensive research efforts have been dedicated to developing electrode materials with high capacity to address the increasing complexities arising from the energy crisis. Herein, a new nanocomposite was synthesized via the sol–gel method by immobilizing K6ZnW12O40 within the surface of NiZn2O4. ZnW12O40@NiZn2O4 was characterized by FT-IR, UV–Vis, XRD, SEM, EDX, BET, and TGA-DTG methods. The electrochemical characteristics of the materials were examined using cyclic voltammogram (CV) and charge–discharge chronopotentiometry (CHP) techniques. Multiple factors affecting the hydrogen storage capacity, including current density (j), surface area of the copper foam, and the consequences of repeated cycles of hydrogen adsorption–desorption were evaluated. The initial cycle led to an impressive hydrogen discharge capability of 340 mAh/g, which subsequently increased to 900 mAh/g after 20 cycles with a current density of 2 mA in 6.0 M KOH medium. The surface area and the electrocatalytic characteristics of the nanoparticles contribute to facilitate the formation of electrons and provide good diffusion channels for the movement of electrolyte ions throughout the charge–discharge procedure.

Experimental and numerical investigations on synergistic coupling of metal hydride hydrogen storage systems with low-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel-cell

Hydrogen has emerged as a promising alternative for various energy needs, and metal hydride hydrogen systems offer significant potential due to their near-ambient working conditions and safe storage. This study presents experimental and numerical investigations on a lab-scale metal hydride fuel cell system to showcase its viability in addressing future energy demands. The experimental setup includes a 41-tube Metal Hydride (MH) reactor with an outer cooling jacket, containing 3.75 kg of La0.7Ce0.1Ca0.3Ni5. The output of the reactor is coupled to a 1 kW fuel cell, with controlled hydrogen discharge at temperatures ranging from 30 to 50 °C through numerical modelling. The study found that maintaining the reactor at 40 °C was sufficient to sustain the required bed pressure for a 1 kW fuel cell. Numerical simulations revealed that a 1 kW fuel cell operating at a current density of 0.8 A/cm2 and 50 °C rejected approximately 1.3 kW of waste heat. Moreover, 3.75 kg MH reactor could discharge hydrogen at a constant rate of 13 l/min for 36.3 min with just 125–225 W of heat input, highlighting the thermal coupling potential between these systems. The energy efficiency of the coupled MH-PEMFC system increased by 1.8 times to reach 49% at 50 °C. Additionally, the waste heat generated proved sufficient to provide the required endothermic heat to multiple MH reactors, with a single reactor utilizing only 16.3% of the total waste heat. This integrated system demonstrates promising efficiency and sustainability for future energy applications.

Suppression of runaway electrons by injection of argon gas in the low-density discharges in the STOR-M tokamak

Behaviors of runaway electrons have been investigated by injection of argon impurity gas during the low-density hydrogen discharges in the STOR-M tokamak. Argon gas is puffed using a fast electromagnetic gas puffing valve with various amounts of gas puffed at different injection times. It has been found that puffing of an appropriate amount of gas can suppress the already generated runaway electrons evidenced by the intensity reduction of the hard X-ray (HXR) radiation caused by the impact of runaway electrons on the STOR-M chamber wall. On the other hand, excessive argon gas puffing causes earlier termination of the discharge.

Ultra-sensitive determination of mercury in flue gas by atmospheric pressure glow discharge atomic emission spectrometry coupled with gold amalgam enrichment

In this work, a highly sensitive procedure for the determination of mercury in flue gas was developed, based on direct-current atmospheric pressure glow discharge in hydrogen and helium (H2-He) atomic...

A fast response hydrogen sensor based on the heterojunction of MXene and SnO2 nanosheets for lithium-ion battery failure detection

During the process of lithium-ion battery failure, the discharge of hydrogen indicates that the electrolyte has leaked and is being electrolyzed, which is a sign of thermal runaway in lithium batteries. In this work, stannic oxide (SnO2) nanosheets was formed by high-temperature calcination and compounded with Ti3C2Tx (MXene) in different proportions. The morphology, microstructure and element composition of the material were characterized. The sensing response of MXene-SnO2 for hydrogen (H2) at the most suitable temperature was explored. The test results show that compared with single SnO2, MXene-SnO2 composite sensor has higher response, shorter response/recovery time, stable repeatability and excellent selectivity. Finally, through density functional theory (DFT) calculation, it may be caused by the microstructure of SnO2 and MXene synergism in the effect of forming heterostructures between the two materials in response to hydrogen gas.

Thermal Efficiency Evaluation after Thermocompression of Copper Layer Obtained By Dynamic Hydrogen Bubble

With the increase in engines electrification, especially in aircraft future developments, there is a need of extremely high-power converters in the power electric chain, interfacing the electrical network and the electric motors. The COPPERPACK project (COPPER based PACKaging for direct cooled power module ANR-19-CE05-0011) aims to module assembling by thermocompression, which requests the elaboration of thin nanoporous copper films to be placed between chips and metallized ceramic substrates. Different possibilities exist and have been tested all along the project, such as copper-zinc or copper-manganese electrodeposition followed by an anodic dissolution, but the faster and simpler way resides in electroforming deposition made by Dynamic Hydrogen Bubble Template (DHBT) [1]. This process works in unusual potentials and current densities where the competition between hydrogen discharge (commonly avoided) and copper reduction is very high. In this case, this method achieves thick deposits in very short time (few seconds) with high currents allowing a very fast growth of copper around hydrogen bubbles. Pores and ligaments sizes can be controlled by several operating parameters i.e. current densities, temperature, deposit time, chemical additives [2] as well by pulsed currents. Films were tested for chips assembling by thermocompression, and present excellent behavior’s. Several conditions have been tested, in different configurations, varying the size and the height of the chips.Eventually, this system has been extended to cooling systems, favoring the assembling of copper foams and complex copper shapes, designed for cooling fluid circulation. Once again, the copper layers obtained by DHBT allow to build compact and efficient systems.[1] Abdel-Karim, R.; El-Raghy, S. Chap 4 in Advanced materials and their applications - micro to nano scale. One Central Press, United Kingdom, pp 69–91, 2017[2] Shin, H.-C.; Liu, M. Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 25, 5460–5464 doi.org/10.1021/cm048887b