Hydrazine Induced Colon Carcinogenesis Research Articles

Methanolic Extract of Muntingia Calabura L. Mitigates 1,2-Dimethyl Hydrazine Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Wistar Rats

Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of methanolic extract of Muntingia calabura L. leaves (MEMC) in ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation associated with 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) induced colon cancer. Methods The antioxidant enzymes, oxidative stress markers, liver and renal toxicity markers were evaluated. Histopathological examination of colon tissues was carried out with the aid of alcian blue stain and Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. Results MEMC supplementation at doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight of rats causes the antioxidant enzymic levels to retain near to its normal range. Meanwhile the oxidative stress markers, which showed an elevation from its normal level upon DMH administration, gets significantly reduced on MEMC treatment. Histopathological observation also revealed that the severity of colorectal cancer was reduced by the supplementation of MEMC. Conclusion The findings from the present study showed that MEMC can exert a potential role to ameliorate the oxidative stress and inflammation associated with colorectal cancer.

Effect of eriodictyol on preneoplastic lesions, oxidative stress and bacterial enzymes in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine-induced colon carcinogenesis.

Eriodictyol, one of the strong flavonoids extracted from Eriodictyon californicum, is known for its antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. We estimated the chemopreventive effect of eriodictyol on 1,2 dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis in male albino Wistar rats. The rats were randomized into six groups. Our results evaluated the effect of eriodictyol supplementation (200 μg per kg b.w.) on DMH (20 mg per kg b.w)-induced rats (Groups 4-6). The incidence of polyps, aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and the lipid peroxidation levels were significantly decreased as compared to those in the DMH-alone treated rats (Group 2). In eriodictyol-supplemented DMH-treated rats, we observed increased activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the circulatory system, liver, and colon. The bacterial enzymes activities of mucosa and faecal were significantly decreased in the group with treatment of eriodictyol on DMH-induced rats. Moreover, in the eriodictyol-supplemented DMH-exposed rats, we observed reduced malignant glands of a histopathological appearance in both liver and colon tissue. Furthermore, we also observed reduced AgNORs counts of eriodictyol supplemented to the DMH-exposed rats. Therefore, we can conclude that eriodictyol can be used as an effective chemopreventive agent against DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis in experimental animal models.

Effect of gallic acid on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats – A chemopreventive approach

Colon cancer risk may be influenced by phase I and II xenobiotic–metabolizing enzyme systems. The chemopreventive agent gallic acid (GA), a plant polyphenol, is found in various natural products. Our aim was to evaluate the potential role of GA on drug-metabolizing enzymes in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) induced rat colon carcinogenesis. The total experimental duration was 30 weeks. The effect of GA (50 mg/kg b.w.) on the activities of phase I enzymes (cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5) and phase II enzymes (glutathione S-transferase, DT-diaphorase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase) were assessed in the liver and colonic mucosa and the colons were also examined visually. In DMH induced rats, there was a decrease in the activities of phase II enzymes and an increase in the activities of phase I enzymes. On GA supplementation, there was a significant increase in the activities of phase II enzymes and a significant decrease in the activities of phase I enzymes, in addition to the decreased tumor incidence. Histopathological changes also confirm this. Thus, the marked potential of GA in modulating the phase I and II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes suggests that GA may have a major impact on colon cancer chemoprevention.