Hydrazine Research Articles

The Use of the Carbonyl Group (C-3) of Isatin for the Construction of Pyrazoline Moiety and the Study of its Antioxidant Activity

A series of novel pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 were synthesized in three steps from isatin, with yields ranging from 40 to 72% over the multistep procedure. The first step included the condensation of isatin with p-aminoacetophenone to afford the corresponding Schiff base 1 in a 75% yield. In the second step, the enolate form of Schiff base 1 was reacted with different aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, and p-chlorobenzaldehyde) to give the title chalcone derivatives 2-4 in 60-72 yields. In the third step, pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 were synthesized via cycloaddition reactions between compounds 2-4 and hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine, or p-nitrophenyl hydrazine. The cycloaddition produced the target pyrazoline compounds in 40-72% isolated yields. All prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Some of the prepared compounds were tested for antioxidant properties.

Sonochemical amino-functionalization of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets produced by liquid phase exfoliation

The functionalization of hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (hBNNSs) is a powerful strategy to improve their properties, such as dispersibility and stability in aqueous media, biocompatibility, and surface affinity. In this work, we report the functionalization of hBNNSs using a two-step strategy. First, hBN powder was exfoliated at ambient temperature by liquid phase exfoliation method into deionized water/isopropanol mixture and the resultant hBNNSs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. In the second step, the surface of the hBNNSs was modified with amino groups by means an ultrasonic wave-assisted functionalization process using hydrazine hydrate as functionalization agent. The amino-functionalization of the hBNNSs was confirmed by Infrared (IR) spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Our results showed that in an exfoliation optimized process with a sonication time of 4 h, the yield of hBNNSs reach 66 %, and that the hBNNSs can be dispersed in water, isopropanol, and water/isopropanol 75:25 at concentrations of up to 1.5 mg/mL. IR analysis confirmed that the amino groups were successfully grafted on hBNNSs, whereas TGA curves revealed that the content of –NH2 groups in the NH2-hBNNSs vary from 0.9 to 3.2 wt% depending of functionalization agent amount. Due to the polar nature of the amino groups, the NH2-hBNNSs exhibit higher stability and dispersibility in aqueous media compared with the unmodified hBNNSs. Particularly, the NH2-hBNNSs can be dispersed in water/isopropanol 75:25 at concentration from 7 to 15 mg/mL, depending on the content of amino groups.

A Novel Synthesis Route of Phenyl Quinoline from Nitrochalcone with Hydrazine Hydrate in the Presence of Pd/C

Quinoline is widely known to have many biological activities. Therefore, the development of the synthesis method of a quinoline derivative framework is a priority. A phenyl quinoline derivative, 6,7-dimethoxy-2-phenylquinoline Q1, has been successfully synthesized via a novel one-pot reaction that involves reduction, cyclization, and followed by dehydration of nitrochalcone derivate, 3-(4,5-dimethoxy-2-nitrophenyl)-1-phenylprop-2-en-1-one C1. The reaction was carried out using 80 % hydrazine hydrate in the presence of 10% Pd/C as a catalyst in an ethanol medium. Target compound Q1 was afforded in a good yield of 69.18% in a relatively short reaction time of ±2 h.

The applications of nanocatalysts in the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds

Nanocatalysts in heterocyclic synthesis are a very important direction in producing eco-friendly compounds. These catalysts can be reused up to six times without losing their quantity and efficiency. Most of these nanocatalysts are cheap, available, economical and safe for the environment. In this review, I focused on the synthesis of furans, pyrans, chromenes and thiazoles from nanocatalysts. For example, pyranopyrazoles 8a-c were synthesized by the multicomponent reactions between aldehydes 4a-c, malononitrile (5), ethyl acetoacetate (6) and hydrazine hydrate (7) using titanium dioxide as a nanocatalyst. KEY WORDS: Heterocyclic, Chromenes, Nanocatalysts, Eco-friendly compounds Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2025, 39(1), 123-129. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v39i1.10

Synthesis of some new transition metal complexes derived from tellurated formazanes

A novel series of organotellurium compounds based on formazane derivatives with a general formula of ArTeBr3 4 and Ar2TeBr2 5 [Ar = 2-[{4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl}{4-nitrophenyldiazenyl}methylene amino]-5-nitrophenyl] were synthesized by refluxing mercurated formazane derivative ArHgCl with TeBr4 in two different mole ratios of 1:1 and 2:1, respectively, in dry dioxane solvent under an argon atmosphere. Compounds ArTeBr3 and Ar2TeBr2 were then reduced by the action of an ethanolic solution of hydrazine hydrate to obtain Ar2Te2 6 and Ar2Te 7, respectively. The ligand properties of bis(2-[{4-hydroxy-3-methoxy phenyl}{4-nitrophenyl diazenyl}methylene amino]-5-nitrophenyl) telluride (7) were examined toward several metal ions through its reaction with K2PtCl4, PdCl2 · 2 H2O, K2PtCl6, RhCl3 · 3 H2O, CoCl3 · 6 H2O and NiCl2, respectively. These compounds were characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis,1H and 13C{1H} NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as well as by elemental analysis, thermal analysis, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductivity. The identification of the synthesized complexes 8-13 proved that the complexes of Pt(II), Pd(II) and Ni(II) have square pyramidal geometries and are diamagnetic, while the complexes of Pt(IV), Rh(III) and Co(III) have octahedral shapes with the same magnetic behavior. The telluride 7 behaves as a neutral pentadentate ligand.

Facile synthesis of azines by carboxylic acid esters as catalyst and facilitation of intersystem crossing (ISC) in azines by azine chromophore

Development of new organic synthetic methods fascinating the researchers which facilitating the increasing demands of the modern society, environmental friendly with high efficiency and low cost. The introduction of chromophores in an organic molecules facilitating intersystem crossing (ISC) to harvest both singlet and triplet excitons is also currently demanding field. We report a facile synthesis of symmetrical azines from carbonyl compounds and hydrazine hydrate with carboxylic acid esters as catalyst in methanol. This reaction presents a condensation of primary amino groups in hydrazine hydrate and carbonyl compounds took place simultaneously in a very short refluxing time. The prepared azines 1–10 were structurally analysed by various analytical techniques such as LC-MS1, H NMR13, C NMR, UV-Vis, FTIR and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Photoluminescence properties of prepared azines were recorded in CCl4 at 1 × 10−3 M and excitation range from 329 to 362 nm. The photoluminescence analysis results revealed that compounds 1–10 (except 8) were showed delayed fluorescence and 8 was showed fluorescence property. The photophysical properties of compounds 1–10 such as electron density and band gap energies was calculated by density function theory. This results revealed that the intra-molecular charge transfer occurs within the azines. The azine function in the azines enabling intersystem crossing hence, it is showing phosphorescence.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Evaluation of Thiadiazole Derivatives Derived from 2-Amino-5-Thio-1,3,4-Thiadiazole

This manuscript introduces a series of novel Schiff base and heterocyc-licring compounds, focusing on derivatives of 1,3-oxazepine and thiazo-lidinone.The derivative (2-Hydroxy-N-(5-mercapto-[1,3,4] thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-phenyl-acetamide was created by reacting ethyl mandelate ester[M1] and 2-amino-5-thio-1,3,4-thiadiazole compound to produce new compound [M2] and after that, compound [M2] was reacted with hydrazine hydrate 99% in dry DMF solvent, yielding the compound (N-(5-Hydrazino-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-2-phenyl-acetamide [M3]. In contrast , the Schiff base compound [M4] were synthesized by reacting compound [M3] with aromatic heterocyclic aldehyde (furan-2-carbaldehyde) in the presence of glacial acetic acid as a catalyst, and then Schiff base [M4] was reacted with maleic anhydride in dry benzene as a solvent to produce (1,3-Oxazepine) derivative [M5]. Additionally, the thiazolidinone derivative [M6] was synthesized through the reaction of equimolar amounts of (N-[5-(N'-Furan-2-yl-methylene-hydrazino)-[1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-yl]-2-hydroxy-2-phenyl-acetamide [M4] with thioacetic acid compound in chloroform as a solvent. The structural formula of all derivatives was confirmed by FT-IR and (1HNMR, 13CNMR) spectroscopy. The synthesized derivatives [M1-M6] were screened for their evaluated for antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. epidermidis, E. coli, Klebsiella sp., and the fungus Candida albicans. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as the solvent. Also, the ampicillin compound was used as the standard drug for comparison.

Synthesis and EMI shielding study of Ni (II) semicarbazone driven nickel nanoparticles

Herein, we report the synthesis of nickel nanoparticles (Ni-NPs) from Ni (II) complexes of cyclic semicarbazone derivatives and their electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding behaviour. Ni (II) complexes of cyclic semicarbazones were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopic tools. It was observed that such complexes are excellent precursors for the synthesis of Ni-NPs when reduced by hydrazine hydrate. It is expected that the reaction kinetics will be ably normalized by the presence of semicarbazone ligand and that upon dissociation and partial consumption during nano-particle formation, will provide an added advantage of mild functionality around the particles. Overall various nickel complexes obtained from cyclic semicarbazones were tested as an effective precursor for the synthesis of Ni-NPs which were characterized by XRD, TEM, SEM, and AFM, and their magnetic behaviour was studied by VSM. EMI shielding efficiency of flexible Ni/PVA composite films showed shielding efficiency of about minus (−) 30 dB in X-band (8–12 GHz) for about 25 % loading in the PVA matrix.

Study on the Properties of rhodamine B fluorescent probe Y2ST

Rhodamine B, hydrazine hydrate, and HCl generated the intermediate LBXJ. Next, LBXJ, chromone 3-formaldehyde, and 100 % ethanol prepared the probe Y2ST. NMR, IR, and MS. described the intermediate and probe structures. Following the determination of the structure, tests were conducted on the response time, pH value, linearity, detection limit, accuracy, coordination ratio, and recovery of samples. Additionally, the fluorescence selectivity of ions was compared. The rate of Zn2+ detection in zinc gluconate was 96.1 % at 5 × 10−6 mol/L--5 × 10−5 mol/L, while the detection limit of Y2ST was 0.7 × 10−6 mol/L. It can be applied to Zn2+ content determination.

An efficient synthesis, characterization, and in silico studies of novel chromenes, thiophenes, pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines, and pyrimidines as potential antimicrobial and anticancer agents using the bio-buffer tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM)

Novel 2-imino-6-(aryldiazenyl)-2H-chromene-3-carboxamides 6a–e, 2-amino-4H-cyclopenta or benzo[b]thiophene-3-carboxamides 10a,b, 2,7-diaminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-6-carboxamides 13a–e, pyrimidine-5-carboxamides 14, 15 and 3-amino-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide 16 were synthesized from the reaction of 2-cyano-N-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxyl-methyl) propan-2-yl) acetamide 2 with 4-arylazosalicylaldehydes 5a-e, cyclopentanone and/or cyclohexanone, guanidine derivatives and hydrazine hydrate, respectively. Some new compounds were evaluated for antibacterial activity in vitro, and exhibited good efficacy compared to gentamicin. Compound 4c showed greater activity against gram negative bacteria (Klebsiella pneumonia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) than standard antibiotic. Compound 4c with two withdrawing groups also showed the higher activity (38.7 ± 0.6) against fungi (Candida albicans) than the Nystatin (20 ± 0.5). On the other hand, compounds 13a, 13c, and 13e have strong cytotoxic activity among the tested compounds in the three selected cancer cell lines (HePG2, MCF7 and Hela). Physicochemical characterization by Swiss ADME predication was also performed for some synthesized compounds exhibiting better biological and antimicrobial properties.

Synthesis of New Heterocyclic Derivatives from 4-(3, 5-Dimethyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-ylazo)- benzoic acid

In this work pyrazolin derivatives were prepared from the diazonium chloride salt of 4-aminobenzoic acid. Azo compounds were prepared from the reaction of an ethanolic solution of sodium acetate and calculated amount of active methylene compound namely, acetyl acetone to obtain the corresponding hydrazono derivative (1). Cyclocondensation reaction of compounds (1) with hydrazine hydrate and phenyl hydrazine in boiling ethanol affording the corresponding pyrazoline-5-one derivatives of 4-aminobenzoic acid (2,3). Then compound (3) was reacted with thionyl chloride to give the corresponding acid chloride derivative(4), followed by conversion into the corresponding acid hydrazide derivative (5) carboxylic acid thiosemicarbazide (11), esters (14,15), thioesters (16,17) and amides (18,19), when treated hydrazine hydrate, thiosemicarbazide, alcohols, alkylthiol and secondary amines in dry refluxing benzene; respectively. Schiff's bases (6-8) were prepared by refluxing of compound (5) with different aldehydes and ketons, then two compounds from the Schiff's bases were cyclized with ?-mercapto acetic acid to give (9 and 10). Furthermore, 1,2,4-triazole derivative (12) have been also prepared by refluxing thiosemicarbazide derivative with sodium hydroxide solution (4%) followed acidification of the result using (10%)hydrolic acid. Moreover, a thiadiazole derivative (13) has been prepared by treatment of thiosemicarbazide derivative with concentrated sulfuric acid as cyclyzing agent. Finally, oxadiazole derivative (20) has prepared by condensation of its acid hydrazide derivative with carbon disulfide in basic medium.

Synthesis of pyrazolopyrano pyrimidines via one-pot solvent free greener approach utilizing lanthanum trifluoroacetate and trichloroacetate Lewis acids supported on mesoporous silica: An experimental and DFT studies

Herein, an economic, environment-benign and sustainable greener protocol was developed for the production of pyrazolopyrano pyrimidines utilizing water competent Lanthanum trifluoroacetate and trichloroacetate Lewis acids based over silica via one-pot reaction involving aromatic aldehydes, ethyl acetoacetate, hydrazine hydrate and barbituric acid. The capability to incorporate a broad spectrum of functional groups, fast reaction times, best product yield, gentle reaction medium, solvent-free synthesis and the easy recoverability and multiple-time reusability of catalysts are notable advantages of the present synthetic approach. Furthermore, DFT studies was employed to study the pyrazolopyrano pyrimidines (5a-l), highlighting role of computational methods in predicting and understanding reactivity. Consequently, the integration of DFT studies with synthesis has proven to be a potent strategy for creating the current synthesis method.

Reactivity of (3‐(4‐Fluorophenyl)oxyran‐2‐yl)(naphthalene‐2‐yl)methanone Toward Some Nucleophiles for Preparing Promising Agents with Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities

Abstract(3‐(4‐Fluorophenyl)oxyran‐2‐yl)(naphthalene‐2‐yl)methanone 2 was prepared from the reaction of 3‐(4‐fluorophenyl)‐1‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)prop‐2‐en‐1‐one (1) with hydrogen peroxide and reacted with different nucleophiles such as hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine, thiosemicarbazide to give 4‐hydroxy‐1H‐pyrazole derivatives 3a,b‐4. Also, compound 2 was treated with hydroxylamine hydrochloride to give the substituted 2,3‐dihydroisoxazole 5. Similarly, compound 2 was treated with carbon disulfide, phenyl isothiocyanate, and phenyl isocyanate to give the corresponding compounds 6–8. Various spectroscopic techniques and elemental analysis were used to determine the molecular structures of the new derivatives. All the new analogs were screened against five human pathogenic microbial strains: Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as Gram‐negative bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus as Gram‐positive bacteria and the yeast Candida albicans using agar diffusion method. Compound 4 exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against all the tested microorganisms compared to positive control ciprofloxacin and fluconazole. On the other hand, the free radical scavenging activity of the new compounds using DPPH assay protocol revealed that most of the compounds have a weak reducing activity. Moreover, compounds 4 and 8 were docked against 1KZN protein (DNA gyrase), 3FYV and 5V5Z showing the ability to interact with key amino acid residues and the potential to act as inhibitors.

Synthesis, Docking Study, and Antimicrobial Activity of Some New Heterocyclic Compounds Bearing Naphthalene Moiety

AbstractUpon reaction with α,β‐unsaturated nitriles (2 a–d) and/or salicylaldehyde, 3‐(naphthalen‐2‐yl)‐3‐oxopropanenitrile (1) yields pyridine derivatives 3 a–d and/or the imino chromene derivative 4. Compound 1 reacted with phenyl isothiocyanate in a basic medium to give the intermediate potassium salt 6. Upon stirring at room temperature, the intermediate 6 with some α‐halogenated compounds yielded the acyclic compounds 7, 9, 11, 13, and 15. On the other hand, refluxing intermediate 6 with the same α‐halogenated compounds in DMF in the presence of TEA afforded the corresponding thiophene derivatives 8, 10, 12, 14, and 16. The reaction of thiol 17 with hydrazine hydrate derivatives 18 a–d yielded the corresponding pyrazole derivatives 21 a–d. Compound 20 reacted with o‐phenylenediamine or o‐aminothiophenol in the presence of DMF/TEA to give the corresponding benzothiazole or benzoimidazole derivatives 27 a and 27 b, respectively. Thirty new synthesized compounds were examined for their antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria including S. aureus and B. subtilis, Gram‐negative bacteria such as P. aeruginosa and E. coli, and yeast‐like fungi like C. albicans in vitro. Compounds 15, 16, 21 d, 27 a, 27 b, exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against Gram‐positive bacteria. Molecular docking experiments were conducted to explore the binding affinities and interaction modalities of selected derivatives with the target PDB‐3cmt protein.

α-Functionalization of the Carbonyl Group for the Construction of Pyrazoline Rings Derived from 1,3-Indandione

This work includes the synthesis of new pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 over three steps starting from 1,3-indandione. The first step included the acylation of 1,3- indandione with acetyl chloride to produce compound 1 with excellent yield (90%). In the second step, the enolate form of 1 was condensed with various aromatic aldehydes (benzaldehyde, p-nitrobenzaldehyde, and p chlorobenzaldehyde) to afford the corresponding α,β-unsaturated carbonyl derivatives 2-4 in high yields (93-95%). The third step involved a reaction of 2-4 with hydrazine hydrate, phenyl hydrazine, and p-nitrophenyl hydrazine to give the desired pyrazoline derivatives 5-13 in yields ranging from 70 to 83%. The structure of the synthesized compounds was verified through FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy. Additionally, a subset of the synthesized compounds underwent testing to evaluate their antibacterial and antioxidantproperties.

β-Cyclodextrin Catalyzed, One-Pot Multicomponent Synthesis and Antimicrobial Potential of N-Aminopolyhydroquinoline Derivatives.

In the present report, we have described the synthesis of N-aminopolyhydroquinoline (N-PHQ) derivatives using highly efficient β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as a catalyst by the Hantzsch condensation of substituted aromatic aldehydes, dimedone, and hydrazine hydrate in one pot. The reactions were completed in a shorter time without the generation of any other byproduct. The synthesized N-PHQs were washed thoroughly with distilled water and recrystallized with ethanol to get highly purified products (as crystals). The structure of the synthesized N-PHQs was established by using advanced spectroscopic techniques like FT-IR, NMR (1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, and HSQC), ESI-MS, and Elemental Analyzer. The N-PHQs derivatives demonstrated moderate to excellent resistance against the tested strains (both fungal as well as bacterial). The presence of polar groups, which are able to form H-bonds, attached to the phenyl ring like -NO2 (4b and 4c), and -OMe (4i, 4j, and 4k) exhibits excellent activity, which is comparable to standard drugs, amoxicillin and fluconazole.

Synthesis, Identification, and Study of the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Some New 2,5-Disubstituted-1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives

This study includes the synthesis of 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole 3-12 on creatinine derivatives that have antioxidant and microbial properties. The reaction of creatinine with hydrazine hydrate in absolute ethanol was successfully achieved to afford hydrazide derivatives 1,2. The desired 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles 3-12 were obtained by the reaction of hydrazide derivatives with different aliphatic and aromatic acid derivatives in the presence of POCl3. FT-IR and 1H NMR spectroscopy were used to determine the structures of some compounds. The antioxidant activity of compounds 8, 9, 11, and 12, and the antimicrobial activity of compounds 1, 5, 11, and 12 were tested in vitro and showed good results.

Diimide-Mediated Hydrogenation of Nitrile Butadiene Rubber

The hydrogenation of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) has shown great potential for improving its physical, thermal, mechanical, and chemical stability. Hydrogenation process of NBR in this work involved the utilization of diimide produced from the interaction between hydrazine hydrate (N2H4) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), with the addition of boric acid as a promoter. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to evaluate the degree of hydrogenation, glass transition, thermal stability, and rubber crystallinity, respectively. The highest hydrogenation degree was 99%, which resulted in a 57% gel content. Upon hydrogenation, both the glass transition temperature (Tg) and decomposition temperature (Td) increased. The hydrogenated rubber samples generally showed an amorphous state, except for the 99% hydrogenated sample, which displayed a semi-crystalline state. However, using diimide for direct hydrogenation yields a side reaction from the free radicals in the system, which leads to gel formation. Optimization was accomplished by employing the response surface methodology (RSM), which entailed manipulating parameters such as the total solid content (TSC) of NBR, reaction time, and the mole ratio of H2O2 to N2H4, to reduce the percentage of gel content. The RSM analysis identified the optimum reaction conditions as a 1:1 mole ratio of H2O2: N2H4 and 25% TSC, with a reaction time of 8 h, which yielded 32% gel content percentage, where a mole ratio of H2O2 to N2H4 and reaction time indicated a synergistic effect, whereas TSC denoted an antagonistic effect.

Ultrasound-assisted Synthesis of Novel 4-[3-acetyl-2-(N-alkyl(aryl)acetamido)-1,3, 4-thiadiazol-5-yl]-3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-1-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazoles: Anticancer Activities, Apoptotic, Cell Cycle, Molecular Docking, and ADMET Studies

Abstract: A novel series of 4-[3-acetyl-2-(N-alkyl(aryl)acetamido)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-5-yl]-3-(2-oxo-2Hchromen- 3-yl)-1-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazoles (2a-i) and 3 was synthesized in good yields. The methodology was depended on a one-pot four-components reaction of hydrazine hydrate, alkyl(aryl) isothiocyanate, 3-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-3-yl)-1-(4-phenylthiazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxaldehyde (1), and acetic anhydride in acetic acid under ultrasound irradiation. The spectral tools confirmed the structures of all synthesized compounds. Using the standard SRB method, the designed compounds were screened for their in vitro cytotoxicity properties against PC3, HepG2, and HCT116 human cancer cell lines. Products 2a and 2c worked best against all cancer cells tested, as well as doxorubicin. Apoptosis and cell cycle analyses were performed for the bioactive products 2a and 2c. Both products strongly impacted all tumor cells in the late apoptotic pathway and significantly inhibited all cancer cell types under investigation in both the S and G2 phases. After that, a molecular docking study was carried out on products 2a and 2c to investigate how they interact with the CDK-8 receptor. The ADMET prediction suggested that these bioactive products may be effective anticancer treatments.

Energy-Barrier-less Synthesis of Hexaaza-trifuranacyclopentadecaphane-hexaene at Ambient Temperature.

A thermochemically stable furan-based hexaaza-trifuranacyclopentadecaphane-hexaene (AF-cpdp) as a π1212 cyclic-conjugated color enriched heterocycle has been synthesized at ambient temperature. An energy-barrier-less (EBL) dehydrative azine formation of 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF) with hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O) followed by a single-arm heteroconjugation and ring formation at the final step under classical and mechanochemical approaches, avoiding external heating, was conducted for construction of a novel and highly stable cyclopentadecaphene (cpdp) conjugated system. The developed protocol is simple, energy-efficient, atom-economical, and easy to scale-up.