Hydraulic Press Machine Research Articles

Analisis kekuatan pembebanan frame mesin press hidrolik kapasitas 3 ton

This study examines the safety and stress factors to determine the maximum dynamic load that can be supported by the press machine frame. Dynamic loads occur due to the working mechanism of the press machine that presses the bearing. Stress analysis test simulation using the Solidwork 2020 computer program with the finite element method in the simulation test of the hydraulic press machine frame material structure with dynamic load treatment. The frame design model uses U-profile iron material UMP 50 with a thickness of 3-5mm with dimensions of 50 mm x 38 mm. The simulated variable load is 3000 kg. The simulation results show the yield strength of the material = 521.927 N / m² (Mpa) and the stress, displacement, strain values ​​at a load of 3000 kg = simulation Stress = 620.422 N / m² (Mpa), Displacement = 1.232mm, Strain = 0.001. The von Mises stress value is 29,500 N = 620.422N; 521.927 N = 1.88. The simulation results show that the hydraulic press machine frame design has a safety factor of 0.001 and can withstand dynamic loads of up to 3000 kg.

Perancangan Perancangan Sistem Trasmisi Mesin Pres Hidrolik Kapasitas 3 Ton Dengan Penggerak Motor listrik

Technological advances have encouraged improvements in the industrial sector in developing countries, including Indonesia. This is of course supported by several factors, including the use of modern equipment as a substitute for human labor. It can be said here that the more modern an industry is, the more machine power is used while the less human power is needed. As human needs become increasingly greater, the machine industry is currently also developing very rapidly. Developments in the industrial sector are marked by the creation of various types of machines that can assist human activities. The use of machines can help human activities or work to be more efficient in terms of completion time, as well as reducing the risk of work accidents. Currently, machines are used as tools that have high automation and precision. Therefore, many people use machines for everything, one of which is a pressing machine. A pressing machine is a tool made to compress or press an object, the power source can come from hydraulics, human power, electric motors and others. The aim of this final project is to design a transmission system for a 3 Ton Semi-Automatic Hydraulic Press Machine with an electric motor drive. It can increase the author's knowledge, insight and experience regarding planning a machine. Conclusion Ball bearings with type 6203 require an installation time of 1 minute 35 seconds and removal of 1 minute 32 seconds. Ball bearings of type 6305 receive a pressure of 400 psi to be installed on the shaft, and when released the pressure produced is the same, namely 400 psi to be able to leave the shaft. A type 6206 ball bearing with a shaft length of 77 mm takes 3 minutes 32 seconds to install, while the same shaft length takes 3 minutes 22 seconds to remove from the shaft.

Manufacturing Environmentally Friendly Hollow Blocks using Different Aggregates: Effect on Mechanical Properties

Hollow concrete block (HCB) is one of the most fundamental materials in building and construction worldwide. Therefore, HCB has emerged as a viable alternative to traditional building materials likebrick. It is an excellent choice for constructing walls, pavements, and other masonry work construct a long-lasting structure. Today's new world requires a green, eco-friendly, and sustainable world, and HCB can play a significant role in achieving that goal. HCB has superior thermal and fire resistance properties, greater strength, cost-effectiveness, and eco-friendliness. Only a small amount of construction in Bangladesh is done using HCBs. However, as sustainable structural technology advances, more frequent use of HCBs will be required. As a result, this article will provide a brief overview of the various applications of HCBs in Bangladesh, including the manufacturing process and its benefits and drawbacks. Specifically, this work investigates and compares the effect of different natural fine aggregates collected from different areas of Bangladesh on the mechanical properties of HCB. The fine aggregates used in this study came from the Dharala, Patgram, Lalmonirhat, and Someshwari rivers in Durgapur, Netrokona, Bangladesh. HCBs were manufactured using a hydraulic press machine and were constructed using mix design ratios of 1: 5: 1: 3 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Sylhet Sand: Crushed Stone), 1: 4.17: 1.67: 1.5 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Sylhet Sand: Crushed Stone), 1: 2.33: 2: 1.33 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Stone Dust: Crushed Stone), 1: 3.33: 2.33 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Stone Dust) and 1: 2.5: 1: 0.50 (Cement: Gravel Sand: Stone Dust: Crushed Stone) with water cement (W/C) ratio of 0.37. The specimens' dimensions were chosen to be 390 mm x 190 mm x 100 mm. The specimens were tested for unit weight, water absorption, compressive strength, and tensile strength after 28 days of water curing. The results showed that HCBs made with different fine aggregates from the Dharala, Patgram, Lalmonirhat, and Someshwari rivers in Durgapur, Netrokona, Bangladesh, have different compressive strengths at 28 days, namely 978 PSI, 1604 PSI, 1267 PSI, 1162 PSI, and 2128 PSI. The Dhaka University Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Vol. 12(2), 2023, P 153-158

Optimizing the Design Structure of Recycled Aluminum Pressing Machine using the Finite Element Method

Optimizing the Design Structure of Recycled Aluminum Pressing Machine using the Finite Element Method

PEMBUATAN MESIN PRESS HIDROLIK MANUAL BERKAPASITAS 20 TON

Abstract A manual hydraulic press machine with a capacity of 20 tons is a production tool that functions to press or press thick-layered workpieces with the help of a hydraulic pump. The aim of this research is to determine the process of making a manual hydraulic press machine with a capacity of 20 tons. In this research, the research method used is a descriptive qualitative research method, because this research will only explain the process of making a 20 ton capacity manual hydraulic press machine, therefore research activities are only limited to finding out about tools and materials. what is needed in the process of making the machine and also about the process of making the machine. Based on research, the appropriate materials used in the process of making a 20 ton capacity manual hydraulic press machine are materials that have been well tested, such as UNP ST 37 iron material which produces a maximum tensile strength of 481,559 N/nm2 with a loading force of 77, 5000 kN. and in testing assental iron with a diameter of 16mm and a length of 24cm, it produces a bending test of 17.6044 kgf/mm2 with a loading force of 3,575.06 kgf, has a yield load of 56.4063 kN and a tensile load of 350.490 N/nm2. Apart from that, in making a manual hydraulic press machine with a capacity of 20 tons, there are several processes, namely design, measuring, cutting, welding, smoothing, assembling, punching, and painting and tensile testing on ST 37 steel plates.

Recycling and reusing potential of disposable low-density polyethylene plastic waste for flexible paver tile construction for outdoor application

Plastic waste disposal has escalated into a serious global concern due to the non-biodegradable nature of plastics, which are composed of high-molecular-mass organic polymers along with other ingredients. Therefore, this study focuses on reusing and recycling LDPE plastic waste as a binding agent in paver tile production. This aligns with global sustainability goals by promoting resource efficiency and reducing waste generation. The investigation aims to address the environmental impact of plastic waste by finding sustainable solutions for its management. This includes exploring the feasibility and viability of using LDPE plastic waste in paver tile production as a means of recycling and reusing locally collected waste. The LDPE waste plastic collection, identification, milling, and melting at 170 °C. Subsequently, the sampled sand, sieved to a size of ≤0.75 mm, was blended with molten plastic in a specified proportion and then molded to create paving tiles using a hydraulic press machine. The researchers utilized response surface methodology (RSM) combined with Box-Benken designs (BBD) to optimize three key experimental parameters (plastic-to-sand ratio: 10 %, 25 %, 40 %; time: 2, 5, 8 min, pressure: 1, 3, 5 MPa) influencing mechanical properties of paver tiles, including water absorption (WA), flexural strength (FS), and compressive strength (CS). The result revealed that the optimal combination of 25 % waste plastic, 5 min, and 3 MPa of pressure resulted in a maximum flexural strength (FS) of 3.689 MPa and compressive strength (CS) of 4.141 MPa, with an average water absorption (WA) of 0.322 %. Therefore, the mechanical properties of the developed tiles met the desired standard. In conclusion, the mechanical qualities of the tiles were promising, indicating that reusing waste LDPE plastic to create paver tiles presents an appealing option for plastic waste disposal. The composite paver tiles exhibited promising attributes for outdoor applications, such as park pavement and outdoor public spaces, owing to their favorable mechanical properties and low water absorption.

Physical Modeling of a Water Hydraulic Proportional Cartridge Valve for a Digital Twin in a Hydraulic Press Machine

Digital twins are an emerging technology that can be harnessed for the digitalization of the industry. Steel industry systems contain a large number of electro-hydraulic components as proportional valves. An input–output model for a water proportional cartridge valve was derived from physical modeling based on fluid mechanics, dynamics, and electrical principles. The valve is a two-stage valve with two two/two-way water proportional valves as the pilot stage and a marginally stable poppet-type cartridge valve as the main valve. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an input–output model was derived for a two-stage proportional cartridge valve with a marginally stable main valve. The orifice equation, which is based on Bernoulli principles, was approximated by a polynomial, which made the parameter estimation easier and modeling possible without measuring the pressure of the varying control volume, in contrast with previous studies of similar types of valves situated in the pilot stage part of the valve. This work complements previous studies of similar types of valves in two ways: (1) data were collected when the valve was operating in a closed loop and (2) data were collected when the valve was part of a press mill machine in a steel manufacturing plant. Model parameters were identified from data from these operating conditions. The parameters of the input–output model were estimated by convex optimization with physical constraints to overcome the problems caused by poor system excitation. For comparison, a simple linear model was derived and the least squares method was used for the parameter estimation. A thorough estimation of the parameters’ relative errors is presented. The model contains five parameters related to the design parameters of the valve. The modeled position output was in good agreement with experimental data for the training and test data. The model can be used for the real-time monitoring of the valve’s status by the model parameters. One of the model parameters varied linearly with the production cycles. Thus, the aging of the valve can be monitored.

Multiple Heat Recovery System for an Industrial Thermal Peeling Press Machine—Experimental Study with Energy and Economic Analyses

The enhancement of energy systems in industrial zones is attracting the attention of researchers from all over the world. At the same time, optimization and advancement in heat recovery systems are now generating major interest in the energy sector. In this context, the present study suggests a new multiple heat recovery system should be applied to an industrial thermal peeling press machine. The new system consists of multiple sources of energy: the heat excess in the chimney, the exhaust gas of the chimney, and the exhaust gas of the boiler. To proceed with testing the potential of the suggested system, a hydraulic thermal peel press machine in the wood industry undergoes different tests to achieve the best configuration that will enable this machine to reach its operational temperature when heating. Five test configurations are proposed, designed, and applied experimentally on this machine. Many parameters were effective during the experimental tests, such as water flow rate, ambient air temperature, and initial water temperature. It was found that the application of the multiple heat recovery system increases the rate of heating from around 7 °C/min to around 13 °C/min. In terms of energy and economy, the “chimney + boiler only” configuration proved to be the best system to apply during the fall and winter seasons.

Association of physiological factors with grip and leg extension strength: tohoku medical megabank community-based cohort study

BackgroundUpper and lower extremity muscle strength can be used to predict health outcomes. However, the difference between the relation of upper extremity muscle and of lower extremity muscle with physiological factors is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the association between physiological data and muscle strength, measured using grip and leg extension strength, among Japanese adults.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 2,861 men and 6,717 women aged ≥ 20 years living in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. Grip strength was measured using a dynamometer. Leg extension strength was measured using a hydraulic isokinetic leg press machine. Anthropometry and physiological data, including blood pressure, calcaneal ultrasound bone status, pulmonary function, carotid echography, and blood information, were assessed. We used a general linear model adjusted for age, body composition, and smoking status to evaluate the association between muscle strength and physiological factors.ResultsGrip and leg extension strength were positively associated with bone area ratio, vital capacity, forced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in one second, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, and negatively associated with waist circumference and percentage body fat mass in both the sexes. Diastolic blood pressure was positively associated with grip strength in both the sexes and leg extension strength in men, but not women. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol and red blood cell counts were positively associated with grip and leg extension strength in women, but not men. In both the sexes, pulse rate, total cholesterol, and uric acid were consistently associated with only leg extension strength, but not grip strength. In women, glycated hemoglobin demonstrated negative and positive associations with grip and leg extension strength, respectively.ConclusionsGrip and leg extension strength demonstrated similar associations with anthropometry, pulmonary function, and estimated glomerular filtration rate, but the associations with the other factors were not always consistent.

Study on the machine-learning based system for detecting abnormal pressure drops in hydraulic press machines

Study on the machine-learning based system for detecting abnormal pressure drops in hydraulic press machines

Coffee Skin Fiber Biocomposite for Brake Pad Applications

In this research, a biocomposite made from brass, magnesium oxide and polyester is filled with coffee skin powder fibers using a compaction method using a hydraulic press machine as a specimen maker. Biocomposites have variations in coffee skin powder of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% by weight and were investigated for the hardness and surface morphology of brake lining. The hardness strength increased with the addition of coffee skin powder and was found to be higher than the matrix. Microscopic observation shows that the biocomposite bonds are not homogeneous. This is indicated by the presence of voids in the biocomposite specimen.

The Influence of Curing Treatments on Compressive Strength and Durability of Geopolymer Paving Blocks

The current study focused on developing geopolymer paving blocks for infrastructure facilities utilizing industrial wastes. This research investigated the effect of various curing treatments on the compressive strength and durability of geopolymer paving blocks. Three curing methods, such as laying to room temperature, moist curing covered by a wet cloth sheet and total immersion in artificial acidic water, were studied. The geopolymer paver specimen was produced by mixing low calcium of fly ash, sand, and alkali activator, such as sodium silicate (Na₂SiO₃) with 8M and 10M sodium hydroxide (NaOH) with a ratio of 2.5. The hydraulic press machine was then used for pressing the specimen. The evaluation of these specimens included assessing their compressive strength, water absorption, resistance to sodium sulfate, and density following recommended standards. The results indicated that the geopolymer paver cured by total immersion in artificial acid water exhibited worse performance in strength and durability than the other two curing methods. The highest compressive strength, exceeding 35 MPa, categorizing it as class A, was achieved by the specimens subjected to moist curing. All geopolymer paving block specimens are suitable for various applications, pedestrian zones and city parks.

Effects of Die Entry Angle on the Mechanical Properties of Extruded Lead Alloy

The use of lead to produce wire, power cable sheathing, guide plates, and other wide-range applications require fine-grain structures. Researchers adopted severe plastic deformation, as a means of attaining ultra-fine grain structure. However, this technique is rather expensive and time-consuming. Thus, this study is focused on the application of a simple extrusion technique to achieve fine grain structure in the lead alloy by using different die entry angles to study the microstructural and mechanical properties of lead alloy. Lead alloy samples were cast into cylindrical billets in a sand mould, machined, and tapered at the edge to ease entry into the die for the extrusion process. The die tools were made of mild steel with die entry angles of 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°. Subsequently, the extrusion was performed with the aid of a hydraulic press machine that provided pressure on a cylindrical punch and forced the billet through the extrusion die. The mechanical and microstructural properties were studied, using the micro-hardness tester and metallurgical microscope, respectively. The results show that the maximum extrusion stress of 70 MPa of lead alloy occurred at a die entry angle of 45°, which is three times that of the conventional alloy (18 MPa) with crystal clustering and fine microstructure. The ductility of lead alloy improved when processed at a 60° die entry angle with extrusion stress of 63.3 MPa, with no significant increase in hardness with die entry angles (7.7-9.0 HV). The grains show an appreciable reduction in size and enhanced surface finish

Oil extraction through hydraulic pressing from Cambodian soybean seeds and analysis of its physicochemical quality

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of hydraulic pressing conditions on the extraction yields of Cambodian soybeans using hydraulic press machine. The extraction of soybean oil through hydraulic pressing is a chemical-free mechanical method that involves the compression of the soybean seeds using heat and pressure. The different pressures (30, 40, and 50 MPa) and pressing times (15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, and 60 min) were performed on the extracted soybean oil yield. The physicochemical properties and fatty acid profiles of the extracted soybean oil were also analyzed. The physicochemical properties such as peroxide value, iodine value, acid value, and color were determined by AOAC methods. And the fatty acid profiles, including linoleic acid, oleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid, and steric acid, were characterized by gas chromatography with a frame ionization detector. The results demonstrated that the highest yield of 12.49% was achieved at a pressure of 50 MPa and a pressing time of 60 min. The crude soybean oil obtained exhibited acceptable physicochemical quality and fatty acid profiles. The fatty acids of soybean oil were found to be rich in unsaturated fatty acids, with 52.69% of linoleic acid and 25.24% of oleic acid. However, it is important to note that this study has limitations, and further research should investigate additional factors, particularly the effect of temperature in hydraulic pressing, to optimize oil yield.

Motorised System for Loading and Unloading of Press Dies in Press Machine

Abstract: The paper describes the use of a plate heat exchanger in transferring heat between two fluids. It explains that the design of a plate heat exchanger involves multiple heat transfer plates held together by a fixed plate and a loose pressure plate. These plates have a gasket arrangement that creates separate channel systems for the primary and secondary media, allowing for counter-current flow and effective heat transfer. To manufacture the corrugated plates, the text mentions the use of Hydraulic Press Machines with different capacities depending on the plate dimensions. The process involves changing heavy press dies, which is time-consuming and decreases overall plant efficiency. To address this issue, a proposed solution is to semiautomate the loading and unloading of press dies. A mechanical system is designed, comprising a table with rollers and linear motion guideways. The system utilizes a Ball screw mechanism powered by a servo motor and driven by a Worm Gearbox. The orientation of the motor, perpendicular to the line of motion, saves space and provides more working space on the workshop floor. In summary, the proposed solution aims to increase efficiency and safety by implementing a mechanical system for loading and unloading press dies in plate heat exchanger manufacturing, incorporating a Ball screw mechanism, servo motor, and Worm Gearbox.

Deformation Responses of Extruded Zinc Alloy

Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is a technique used to obtain ultrafine grains (UFGs). However, this technology is expensive and time consuming. In this study, conventional deformation technique is used to study the deformation responses of extruded zinc alloy for fine grain development with varying die entry angles. Zinc alloy samples were cast into cylindrical billets in sand mould, the samples were machined and tapered at the edges to allow for easy entry into the die for the extrusion process. The die and tools materials were made from mild steel with the die entry angles of 15o, 30o, 45o, 60o, 75o and 90o respectively. Prior to extrusion, the samples were annealed at 400°C because of its hexagonal close packed (HCP) structure for ease of deformation. After annealing, the plastic deformation of alloy samples occurred at 350°C as the deformation was not feasible at ambient temperature (32°C). The extrusion was done with the aid of a hydraulic press machine that applies pressure on a cylindrical punch and forces the billet through the extrusion die. Extruded zinc recorded the highest extrusion stress of 192MPa at 45° die entry angle with fine grains neatly distributed in the matrix and at 60° die entry angle, the tensile strength and hardness are 177MPa and 95HV respectively with improved ductility. The microstructure of Zn alloy showed equally distributed dendrite-like second phase intermetallic in the matrix.

Experimental Investigation of Different Extraction Methods for Producing Biofuel from Jatropha Seeds and Castor Seeds

While energy production is highly dependent on fossil fuels, which consider the main source of global warming, biofuels would play a significant impact in diminishing such warming. In this paper, biooils were extracted from inedible seeds (Jatropha and Castor) using different continuous devices (solvents, screw presses, and hydraulic press-machines), aiming to achieve the highest oil’s yield of improved extraction properties at reduced time and energy. A wide range of engine speeds of 35, 60, 85, 110, and 135 rpm and preheating temperatures of 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, and 250°C were extensively studied to find their impact on the extraction properties. Results proved the ability of the screw press machine to extract the highest biooil yields from Jatropha and castor seeds. The optimum yield of Jatropha and castor were achieved at an extraction temperature range of 150-175°C at a motor speed of 135 rpm and a temperature range of 200-250°C at a motor speed of 35 rpm, respectively. Noteworthy, the yield of extracted castor oil is potentially solidified at low temperatures <100°C, leading oil samples to become like a dough. In contrast, lowering the temperatures of the Jatropha seeds improved the physical and chemical properties of the extracted oil. At a certain temperature (e.g., 100°C), the properties of both extracted and diesel oils are quite similar, which can be used directly in diesel engines.

Performance Improvement of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells with Pressed TiO2 Nanoparticles Layer

A simple and low-cost fabrication method of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was developed to improve the structure and performance of the photoanode with the pressed layer and compact TiO2 thin film using spin coating, screen printing, and mechanical compression. In this study, four different TiO2 layers were adopted to fabricate photoanodes: a mesoporous TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) layer, a pressed TiO2 NPs layer, a mesoporous TiO2 NPs layer on the TiO2 compact thin film, and a pressed TiO2 NPs layer on the TiO2 compact thin film. The compact thin film was deposited on the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass via spin coating, while the mesoporous TiO2 NPs layer was deposited via the screen-printing method. The pressed TiO2 NPs layer was produced by compressing the mesoporous TiO2 NPs layer with a hydraulic press machine. When using the pressed TiO2 NPs layer for the photoanode of DSSC, the power conversion efficiency of DSSC was enhanced the most. The electron lifetime for DSSC with photoanodes based on the pressed TiO2 NPs and mesoporous TiO2 NPs layers were 8.217 and 6.287 ms, respectively. The power conversion efficiency of DSSC with photoanodes based on the pressed TiO2 NPs layer was 5.4%, while that based on the mesoporous TiO2 NPs layer was 4.08%. DSSC with photoanodes based on the pressed TiO2 NPs layer showed a significant increase in the power conversion efficiency by 36.16% compared to that based on the mesoporous TiO2 NPs layer.

Potential Red Algae Fibre Waste as a Raw Material for Biocomposite

Red algae are abundant worldwide, and their exploitation for the development of agar products has developed into a significant industry in recent years. Industrial processing of red algae produces a significant amount of solid fibre waste, which contributes to substantial environmental problems. Agar from red algae is mostly used in the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. There has been very limited research on the use of red algae in lignocellulosic composites so far. As such, this project aims to fabricate red algae reinforced with polylactic acid (PLA) as composite materials and to investigate the composite's mechanical, physical, and durability properties, as well as its characterization. The composite is fabricated using an extruder and a hydraulic hot press machine in three different composition ratios: 200:0, 180:20, and 160:40 (PLA: fibre (g)). Each sample was subjected to tensile testing for mechanical properties, melt flow index (MFI), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) testing for physical properties, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) testing for thermal properties. For durability testing, the samples were buried underground to determine the weight loss of composites over two weeks. The results indicate that while red algae have exceptional thermal properties, however, the strength and durability of the composite decrease with the inclusion of fibre. It is recommended that fibres be treated with an alkaline solution to improve their characteristics before being used as a composite.

Fault‐tolerant control strategy for multicylinder hydraulic press machine based on dynamic control allocation and adjustable multiobjective optimization

AbstractA hierarchical controller is proposed for achieving high‐accuracy control and the dynamic balance with the presence of multiple faults of actuator, the external disturbance, and the model uncertainties in multicylinder hydraulic press machine (MCHPM). The method divides the controller design into three steps: Virtual fault‐tolerant control law, control allocation algorithm, and actuator control law, which are progressive. First, to precisely compensate the lumped disturbances including the multiple faults of actuator, the external disturbance, and the model uncertainties, a disturbance observer (DO) is developed. By combining the observer with the sliding mode control (SMC), a virtual fault‐tolerant control law is designed. Second, a highly integrated control allocation algorithm for the virtual fault‐tolerant control law is proposed to get the desired driving force, taking into account dynamic control allocation (DCA), multiobjective optimization (MOO) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) simultaneously. Third, taking the driving force obtained from above control allocation algorithm as the desired target, the control law of each cylinder is calculated. The global stability for the whole system is proved by the Lyapunov theory. Lastly, results of simulation and experiment show that the proposed controller can effectively handle different faults and have more superior control performance.