Hybrid Simulation Environment Research Articles

A Hybrid Gate-to-Gate Simulation Environment for the Air Traffic System

This paper presents a concept of a fast-time gate-to-gate simulation environment. The implementation is divided into an air traffic part that uses BADA performance parameters and a simulation of ground processes. The main objective of the flow-based hybrid simulation environment is to cover commercial European air traffic, in order to investigate network-related effects when exposed to disturbances. Based on historic traffic scenarios, the hybrid simulation platform enables the investigation of the local and global effects of a variety of disruptions. With respect to current flow-based models, it is intended to gain better insights into the underlying interdependencies by modelling higher levels of detail for selected parts, whilst covering the whole European air traffic network. After a validation and first calibration of the approach, Monte Carlo simulations, based on flight plans, are performed as proof of concept. This aims to illustrate the local effects of network-wide disturbances and is applied by means of stochastic influences of ground processes, gained from real operational data.

Development of a Unity–VISSIM Co-Simulation Platform to Study Interactive Driving Behavior

This paper presents the system development of a co-simulation platform aimed at studying driving behavior with multiple participants. The objective of this study was to create an immersive and interactive environment where different driving scenarios could be simulated and driver behavior could be recorded and analyzed. The platform integrated the Unity game engine with the VISSIM microscopic traffic simulator to create a hybrid simulation environment that combined the advantages of both tools. A virtual reality massive multiplayer online (VRMMO) module was developed to capture the interactions of the participants during the simulation experiments. The external control devices of this co-simulation platform were calibrated using the empirical data of a Controller Area Network (CAN-BUS) from actual driving behaviors. The main contributions of this study are the demonstration of the Unity–VISSIM co-simulation platform in simulating interactive driver behavior and the potential for its use in various research areas, such as intelligent transportation systems, human factors, driving education, and traffic safety analyses. The platform could be a valuable tool for evaluating the effectiveness of collective intelligence countermeasures in improving traffic systems, with relatively lower costs and risks.

VANESA: An open-source hybrid functional Petri net modeling and simulation environment in systems biology

Petri nets are a common method for modeling and simulation of systems biology application cases. Usually different Petri net concepts (e.g. discrete, hybrid, functional) are demanded depending on the purpose of the application cases. Modeling complex application cases requires a unification of those concepts, e.g. hybrid functional Petri nets (HFPN) and extended hybrid Petri nets (xHPN). Existing tools have certain limitations which motivated the extension of VANESA, an existing open-source editor for biological networks. The extension can be used to model, simulate, and visualize Petri nets based on the xHPN formalism. Moreover, it comprises additional functionality to support and help the user. Complex (kinetic) functions are syntactically analyzed and mathematically rendered. Based on syntax and given physical unit information, modeling errors are revealed. The numerical simulation is seamlessly integrated and executed in the background by the open-source simulation environment OpenModelica utilizing the Modelica library PNlib. Visualization of simulation results for places, transitions, and arcs are useful to investigate and understand the model and its dynamic behavior. The impact of single parameters can be revealed by comparing multiple simulation results. Simulation results, charts, and entire specification of the Petri net model as Latex file can be exported. All these features are shown in the demonstration case. The utilized Petri net formalism xHPN is fully specified and implemented in PNlib. This assures transparency, reliability, and comprehensible simulation results. Thus, the combination of VANESA and OpenModelica shape a unique open-source Petri net environment focusing on systems biology application cases. VANESA is available at: http://agbi.techfak.uni-bielefeld.de/vanesa.

A simulation environment to simulate lower-hybrid-wave-driven plasmas efficiently

In this study a hybrid simulation environment to investigate the lower-hybrid-wave-driven tokamak plasmas is presented, and its application to the spherical tokamak TST-2 is described. These plasma are formed and driven by radio-frequency waves without the use of the central solenoid, and are characterized by low density and low magnetic field. A hybrid simulation environment which is divided into two groups, one using magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) as well as particle-in-cell (PIC) approaches, and the second group using ray-tracing and Fokker–Planck solvers, is applied to describe the behavior of energetic electrons, bulk plasma, wave propagation, and the wave-particle interaction. Both groups of solvers can be coupled via the energetic-particle velocity distribution function and the equilibrium conditions of magnetic field, pressure, and density profiles to obtain a self-consistent solution. First results show the impact of a self-consistent equilibrium on ray trajectories and current density profiles. Therefore, new insights in lower-hybrid-wave-driven plasmas of TST-2 can be obtained using the proposed hybrid simulation environment.

LVWNet: an hybrid simulation architecture for wireless sensor networks

Internet of Things (IoT) is a reality right now and IoT applications has being applied for many different scenarios. Every IoT scenario has stringent requirements and each new developed application must be tested before being embedded on real devices. There are two main approaches for testing IoT applications, real testbeds and network simulators. Real testbeds are the most accurate test environments, although creating scenarios with a high density of devices or analyze complex wireless sensor networks data (e.g. mobility) can be very costly. Due to limitations of real testbeds, wireless networks simulators are the most used tool for testing new wireless applications. Despite of relying on mathematical models to simulate securely IoT scenarios, it increases the development effort by the need of implementing a different version of the application for testing purposes. Also, the available simulators lacks some important features for prototyping IoT applications. Thus, this work presents the Linux Virtual Wireless Network, a hybrid simulation environment for wireless networks that provides flexibility by virtualization of wireless nodes and topology of the network, also the possibility of connecting real devices to the virtual topology, creating a hybrid scenario that can be used to achieve better analysis and validation of IoT applications.

A Hybrid Simulation Environment to Estimate the Accuracy, Energy Consumption and Processing Time for Image Processing Applications

A Hybrid Simulation Environment to Estimate the Accuracy, Energy Consumption and Processing Time for Image Processing Applications

Experimental socioecology: Integrative science for anthropocene landscape dynamics

Abstract The emergence of coupled natural and human landscapes marked a transformative interval in the human past that set our species on the road to the urbanized, industrial world in which we live. This emergence enabled technologies and social institutions responsible for human-natural couplings in domains beyond rural, agricultural settings. The Mediterranean Landscape Dynamics Project (MedLand) is studying the interacting social and biophysical processes associated with these novel socioecological systems and their long-term consequences using a new form of 'experimental socioecology' made possible by recent advances in computation. We briefly describe the MedLand modeling laboratory, a hybrid simulation environment that couples models of small-holder farming and herding, landscape evolution, and vegetation change managed through an interaction model. We then review three examples of experimental socioecology carried out in this laboratory. These examples offer new insights for scale-dependent thresholds in agropastoral productivity, long-term sustainability of alternative land-use strategies, and identifying signatures of human and climate-driven landscape dynamics. We conclude with an overview of new directions for this interdisciplinary research on Anthropocene human-earth systems, including: modeling more diverse decision-making strategies for land-use, developing more sophisticated models of vegetation dynamics and fire ecology, and generating digital proxy data for more robust model validation against the empirical record.

Hybrid Simulation Environment for Construction Projects: Identification of System Design Criteria

Large construction projects are complex, dynamic, and unpredictable. They are subject to external and uncontrollable events that affect their schedule and financial outcomes. Project managers take decisions along the lifecycle of the projects to align with projects objectives. These decisions are data dependent where data change over time. Simulation-based modeling and experimentation of such dynamic environment are a challenge. Modeling of large projects or multiprojects is difficult and impractical for standalone computers. This paper presents the criteria required in a simulation environment suitable for modeling large and complex systems such as construction projects to support their lifecycle management. Also presented is a platform that encompasses the identified criteria. The objective of the platform is to facilitate and simplify the simulation and modeling process and enable the inclusion of complexity in simulation models.

공학급/교전급 모델의 연동 시뮬레이션을 통한 화학전 효과도 분석 : 방법론 및 구현 환경

It is an important issue to evaluate the effectiveness of chemical warfare through modeling and simulation(M&S) technology. In this paper, we propose the M&S methodology and environment for the chemical warfare for effectiveness analysis. In detail, for modeling perspective, we propose three fundamental component models according to their behaviors, which are a chemical weapon, a detecting device system, and an engaging unit system. Among proposed models, the chemical weapon and the detecting device system models are represented by engineering-level system models, whereas the engaging unit system model are described as an engagement-level system model. For simulation perspective, we apply a hybrid simulation environment using High Level Architecture (HLA) to interoperate with the proposed engineering and engagement-level models. The proposed M&S methodology and environment enables to evaluate the effectiveness of the chemical warfare system considering the doctrines, the performance of device or weapon, and weather factors. To verify the efficiency of the proposed methodology and environment, we experimented three categorized case studies, which are related with those considering factors.

Dynamic hybrid simulation of batch processes driven by a scheduling module

Simulation is now a CAPE tool widely used by practicing engineers for process design and control. In particular, it allows various offline analyses to improve system performance such as productivity, energy efficiency, waste reduction, etc. In this framework, we have developed the dynamic hybrid simulation environment PrODHyS whose particularity is to provide general and reusable object-oriented components dedicated to the modeling of devices and operations found in chemical processes. Unlike continuous processes, the dynamic simulation of batch processes requires the execution of control recipes to achieve a set of production orders. For these reasons, PrODHyS is coupled to a scheduling module ( ProSched) based on a MILP mathematical model in order to initialize various operational parameters and to ensure a proper completion of the simulation. This paper focuses on the procedure used to generate the simulation model corresponding to the realization of a scenario described through a particular scheduling.

ROBUST FAULT DETECTION FOR THE HYBRID DYNAMIC SYSTEMS

PrODHyS is a dynamic hybrid simulation environment which provides common and reusable object oriented components designed for the development and the management of dynamic simulation of industrial systems. In this work, we present a method for the fault detection based on the comparison between the real system and the reference model evolution generated by the extended Kalman filter. The reference model is simulated by PrODHyS.

HDL Simulation and mathematical modelling integration

Abstract This paper presents a new approach in domain of high level digital circuits simulation and modelling that benefits from high level mathematical environment delivered by MATLAB. It allows to integrate design process and directly verify obtained results with mathematical formulas or complex operations that are not available in standard HDL languages. A part of HDL code can be placedfor verification purposes inside the advanced mathematical model or can execute complex calculation. Paper presents problems that are introduced by hybrid simulation and modelling environment concerning data representation, simulation process and optimal performance.

USE OF AN OBJECT ORIENTED DYNAMIC HYBRID SIMULATOR FOR THE MONITORING OF INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES

PrODHyS is a dynamic hybrid simulation environment, which offers extensible and reusable object oriented components dedicated to the modelling of processes. The purpose of this communication aims at presenting the main concepts of PrODHyS through the modelling and the simulation of a hydraulic system. Then, the feasible use of hybrid simulation in a supervision system is underlined.

Mobile agents for information retrieval in hybrid simulation environment

In this paper, we propose a hybrid simulation environment that incorporates with wired/wireless networks, IEEE standard 1516 high-level architecture (HLA), and IBM Aglets mobile agent system. Therefore, HLA simulations are not restricted to be participated solely by using desktop computers with cable connections. Users can use a wide variety of devices to join in HLA simulations and explicitly exclude from junk data in terms of a personalized data filtering policy. Based on data correlation between HLA objects and a client's data filtering policy, we employ the simulation environment manager in distributing a client to an appropriate federate server (FS). In particular, a mobile agent, namely data filtering agent, is devised to temporarily reside at the FS to perform mobile agent-based data distribution management for clients. As a result, the clients can receive the most interested information corresponding to their pre-defined data filtering policies. Once either the data transmission quality within the wireless network is degraded below a threshold or the clients abnormally modify the data filtering policies, their own mobile agents carry out migrations to provide the users with the ubiquitous and seamless services. Consequently, the users can use any mobile device as well as using a desktop computer in a stationary point to participate in the HLA simulations. The experimental results also show that the proposed mobile agent-based data distribution can raise adaptability and applicability to large-scale HLA simulations.

Evaluating a Location-Based Application: A Hybrid Test and Simulation Environment

Complex and expensive testing and evaluation can inhibit cost-effective development of ubiquitous computing applications. A new environment for testing and evaluating system- and network-related issues in location-based applications strives to evaluate these applications prior to deployment. We discuss a health-monitoring application and its simulation environment.

Hardware-In-Loop Simulation Development

This work describes the development of a hybrid simulation environment to be used in order to assess the performance of a satellite launcher control system. The hybrid simulation program starts from a digital simulation program that digitally simulates the complete system, that is, the on-board computer with the control laws, the vehicle dynamics, the actuators dynamics, and the sensors dynamics. The digital program is then broken into two simulation programs, one that simulates the on-board computer with control laws and another that simulates the rest of the system. After validation of these two programs, the hardware interfaces are then included. In this case, the ADC (analogue-to-digital converter), DAC (digital-U<analogue converter), and 1553B interfaces are included. After a new validation, the real actuators are included in the system, and finally, the real sensors are included. So in the final phase only the vehicle is simulated digitally, and as this is the most real condition possible before the actual flight, it represents the best condition to assess the flight control system performance and to detect possible problems not clear at the design phase. Finally, comparisons of the system response in each phase are shown in order to give an idea of the differences between each phase. The work mainly describes the method used in order to obtain a very reliable hybrid simulation environment for a satellite launcher.

Hybrid electromagnetic modeling of noise interactions in packaged electronics based on the partial-element equivalent-circuit formulation

The partial-element equivalent-circuit (PEEC) method is used to develop a flexible, hierarchical electromagnetic modeling and simulation environment for the analysis of noise generation and signal degradation mechanisms in packaged electronic components and systems. The circuit-oriented approach used by the method for the development of the numerical approximation of the electric-field integral equation leads to SPICE-compatible, yet fully dynamic, discrete approximation of the electromagnetic problem. Contrary to other full-wave formulations, the proposed method has the important attribute of lending itself to a very systematic and physical model complexity reduction on the basis of the electrical size of the various portions of the system. Thus, a hybrid electromagnetic modeling and simulation environment is established for the analysis of complex structures which exhibit large variation in electrical size over their volume, using a combination of lumped-circuit elements, transmission lines, as well as three-dimensional (3-D) distributed electromagnetic models. These models may or may not account for retardation, depending on the electrical size of the part of the structure that is being modeled. These special attributes of the proposed electromagnetic-simulation environment are demonstrated through several examples from its application to the modeling of noise interactions in generic interconnect and package geometries.