Hybrid Group Research Articles

Shaping Ability of Different Rotary and Reciprocating File Systems in Simulated S-Shaped Root Canals.

This study aimed to examine the shaping ability of six rotary and reciprocating file systems, as well as hybrid techniques in simulated S-shaped root canals. A hundred and twenty S-shaped radiopaque thermosetting epoxy resin blocks were grouped according to the system used for biomechanical preparation. Six groups of 15 canals each were prepared using TruNatomy, Procodile, VDW Rotate, Hyflex CM, OneCurve, and WaveOne Gold, respectively. Two additional hybrid (Procodile/Hyflex CM and Procodile/TruNatomy) groups (n=15 each) were added after evaluating the results of individual systems. All canals were enlarged to 0.25 mm apically. Canal transportation, centering ability, diameter increase, and iatrogenic errors were assessed by superimposed pre-operative and post-operative images. AutoCAD was used for data analysis. All groups were statistically compared with analysis of variance and Tukey honest significant difference test (p<0.05). Hyflex CM resulted in the most conservative diameter increase in all thirds (coronal, middle, and apical; p<0.001). Procodile showed the best (p<0.001) centering ability in the coronal and middle thirds, while TruNatomy resulted in the least canal transportation and most centering preparation in the apical third (p<0.001). Hybridisation of Procodile and Hyflex CM produced the least canal transportation and best centering ability in the middle third (p<0.001). No instrument breakage occurred, and no ledge, elbow, or apical zip formation was observed during canal preparation. Hybridisation of Procodile and Hyflex CM showed remarkable results in preserving the canal diameter in all thirds and resulted in the least canal transportation and best centering ability in the middle third of the canal. However, when treatment cost and duration limit the clinical applicability of the hybrid technique, clinicians can use a single file system (Hyflex CM or TruNatomy) since it shows satisfactory results in all parameters when compared with a hybrid system.

Assessment of the influence of external factors on the growth of roots and bulb scales of some varieties of Lilium L.

Lily varieties are a plant that grows in moderate humidity and moderate temperature. Therefore, they are not widely grown in Uzbekistan. As with other ornamental bulbous plants, Lilies have been developed in various ways, and it is important to learn which methods work best in which environment. Lily varieties are propagated by bulbs, bulbs, cuttings, leaves, small buds on the stem (bulbous) and seeds. These methods of reproduction allow selection of varieties suitable for a specific environment by determining the degree of influence of various external environmental factors along with substrates. Empoli, Honeymoon, Purple price cultivars belonging to the OT hybrids group showed higher values of Empoli cultivar than other cultivars when studying the effect of temperature and humidity of the sphagnum substrate on the rooting and length of the pods isolated from onion heads. Optimum humidity and temperature indicators of the substrate with sphagnum were determined for all studied varieties.

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

Hybrid group formation simulation based on deep reinforcement learning

A smart intelligent approach based on hybrid group search and pelican optimization algorithm for data stream clustering

A smart intelligent approach based on hybrid group search and pelican optimization algorithm for data stream clustering

CONNECTING THE DOTS: SUPPORTING OLDER ADULTS LIVING WITH HIV-ASSOCIATED NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS

Abstract Although people living with HIV are living longer than ever before, significant HIV-related physical and mental health disparities remain among older adults living with HIV (OALWH) due to issues related to advanced aging. HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are becoming increasingly common and have the potential to negatively impact the cognitive, motor, and psychological well-being of OALWH. However, more research on both predictors of HAND and interventions to support cognitively impaired OALWH is needed. This symposium offers insights along the spectrum of intervention development. Two presentations will focus on best identifying predictors of HAND among groups most at-risk up while the other three discuss tailoring and evaluating interventions to alleviate HAND-related symptoms within diverse samples of OALWH from across the country. The first presentation centers on how cerebrospinal fluid markers of Alzheimer’s-related pathology can disentangle diagnosing HAND and amnestic mild cognitive impairment among OALWH in Southern California while the second highlights the role of grip strength in predicting frailty and cognitive impairment among OALWH living in South Florida. The third presentation assesses the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary intervention effects of a physical activity intervention on cognition adapted for Latino OALWH in South Florida while the fourth examines qualitative feedback from several focus groups on adapting cognitive remediation group therapy as a hybrid group intervention for OALWH with cognitive concerns living in two Canadian provinces. Finally, the last presentation reviews findings of a 2-year randomized clinical trial examining speed of processing training on everyday functioning among OALWH in the U.S. Deep South.

Transcriptomic responses to RGNNV and Vibrio alginolyticus infection in the spleen of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀)

The hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂ × E. fuscoguttatus♀) is a novel and commercially important fish for mariculture in China. Recent years, the outbreak of viral and bacterial diseases have caused huge losses of hybrid grouper culture. However, the immune response of hybrid grouper against viral and bacterial infection remains unexplored. In this study, a total of 9 splenic transcriptomic libraries of hybrid grouper including untreated control, Red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV)-challenged, Vibrio alginolyticus-challenged were constructed. A sum of 6024 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with significant differences were identified, of which the overlapped DEGs between RGNNV and V. alginolyticus challenged were significantly enriched in multiple immune-related pathway including interleukin-17 NOD-like receptor, C-type lectin receptor, chemokine signaling pathway and natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity, indicating their important roles in immune defense of hybrid grouper against (both) viral and bacterial infection. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that investigated the immune response of hybrid grouper following viral and bacterial pathogen stimuli using transcriptomic analysis. These results provide comprehensive understandings of the innate immunity of hybrid grouper and valuable references to develop disease control strategy in grouper aquaculture.

Study of the efficiency of growing maize for silage for processing into biogas and digestate

Given the growing area of maize cultivation in Ukraine and globally, research into the possibilities of using silage as a component of biogas plants to produce biogas as an alternative fuel and digestate as a bio-organic fertiliser is of high relevance and production necessity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of green mass of maize and its changes depending on the growing season for its use in biogas production. Field, laboratory, laboratory-field, and statistical research methods were used in the study. The findings of this study showed that the quality of maize silage depends on soil and climatic conditions, elements of growing technology, genetic characteristics of a particular hybrid, its maturity group, harvesting time, etc. The genetic characteristics of the hybrid had the greatest influence on the dry matter content, specifically, the mid-early hybrid Amaros stood out in terms of dry matter content on 10-14 August 2020 (26.61%). The highest crude fibre content was observed in the hybrid P9170 – 6.32% and 26.86%, respectively, in natural and absolutely dry matter. This hybrid belongs to the mid-season ripeness group. The shift in the harvesting time of the green mass of the maize hybrids under study also affected the characteristics of the chemical composition and the carbohydrate-lignin complex of the green mass of the maize hybrids under study. The yield of green mass of maize hybrids substantially depended on the maturity group of maize hybrids and was highest in the mid-season maize hybrids Burito – 78.1 t/ha and P9170 – 73.1 t/ha, while in the group of mid-early hybrids it was 55.3 t/ha and 68.9 t/ha in Amaros and P9071. Hybrids with a long growing season have higher green mass yields and dry matter yields per unit area. The findings can be used by farms that grow silage maize and have the opportunity to use the vegetative mass as a component of biogas plants for biogas production and digestate production

Hybrid-delivered community psychoeducation for people aged 50 and older: A mixed-method evaluation and lesson learned

IntroductionHybrid training mode comprising in-person and teleconferencing sessions is effective and sustainable, yet no standardized principles guide its development for older people. This study aimed to develop a set of principles for hybrid-mode psychoeducation for older people from the experiences of middle-aged and older people in two folds: (1) examining the effects of hybrid-mode community psychoeducation and (2) identifying features that could enhance participants' experience. MethodsWe delivered 12-hour Older Person Mental Health First Aid and 3-hour late-life depression training to adults aged 50 and older in in-person and hybrid modes. Hybrid group participants received technology-related support, including in-advance training and on-site support. All participants completed assessments on depression literacy, depression stigma, meaning in life, social support, depressive symptoms, and anxiety pre-and post-intervention and evaluated the program in open-ended questions. ResultsA total of 471 in-person and 346 hybrid group participants completed the psychoeducation and post-assessment (80.4 % female, mean age = 64.73 years, SD = 7.29). Linear mixed models revealed improvements in depression literacy, depression stigma, meaning in life, social support, and anxiety (B = −1.43 to 0.13, all p < .001), with no significant difference between in-person and hybrid groups. Thematic analysis of open-ended questions identified three themes: (1) informational content with case studies, (2) hardcopy course handouts, and (3) interactive learning environment. Discussion/conclusionHybrid-mode and in-person psychoeducation had comparable benefits on middle-aged and older people. The TORCH principles, an acronym for Technology provision, On-site technical support, Rehearsal, Connection with group members, and Hardcopy notes, was derived from practice wisdom and qualitative findings to support older people in online learning.

Comparison of skin mucus lectins among longtooth grouper Epinephelus bruneus and giant grouper E. lanceolatus as well as the hybrid, Kue-Tama, and their binding abilities to the skin fluke Benedeniaepinepheli

Interspecific hybrids of farm-raised fish are becoming popular in aquaculture owing to their advantages over pure species, including improved growth and higher resistance to infectious diseases. Kue-Tama is a recently established hybrid grouper derived from the longtooth grouper Epinephelus bruneus (♀) × giant grouper E. lanceolatus (♂). In our previous study, this hybrid showed significantly higher resistance against the skin fluke Benedenia epinepheli, a problematic parasite in grouper farming, than the longtooth grouper. In the present study, we explored lectins in the skin mucus of hybrids and their parent species. While C-type lectins of approximately 15 kDa were obtained from longtooth groupers, additional C-type lectins with molecular masses of approximately 20 and 30 kDa, as well as 45-kDa F-type lectin, were also detected in Kue-Tama and giant groupers. Semi-quantitative reverse transcript-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) demonstrated that the gene expression levels of both C-type and F-type lectins were significantly higher in the skin of the hybrid and giant groupers than that of the longtooth grouper. In addition, some skin mucus lectins of the hybrid and giant groupers were bound to the fluke, suggesting that these lectins conferred resistance to parasitic infections.

A Comprehensive Biochemical Characterization of Hybrid Grouper Larvae (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus♂) during Yolk-Sac Larval Development.

To investigate the shifts in the biochemical composition of hybrid grouper during the early larval stages, we collected samples at various developmental milestones, spanning from newly hatched larvae (stage I) to 4 days after hatching (stage V). Our findings revealed several notable trends: (1) The total length of hybrid grouper larvae exhibited a significant increase as the yolk-sac absorption progressed from stage I to V. Concurrently, there was a marked decrease in yolk volume and oil volume during the transition from stage I to III, followed by a gradual decline from stage III to V. (2) Dry weight and total lipid content displayed a rapid reduction throughout the larval development period, while the total protein content exhibited a declining trend. (3) The concentrations of triacylglycerols and wax esters/steryl esters decreased considerably, particularly at stage V. However, no differences were observed among the contents of ketones, hydrocarbons, and sterols. (4) As yolk-sac larvae developed from stage I to V, a significant reduction was observed in the levels of essential amino acids (EAAs), such as leucine, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, glycine, alanine, serine, proline, and tyrosine. This trend was also observed for non-EAAs and total amino acids, with fluctuations in the content of other amino acids. (5) There was a significant decrease in the levels of specific fatty acids, including C16:0, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), C18:0, 18:1n-9, and C20:4n-6. In contrast, the contents of C22:6n-3, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), n-3 PUFA, n-6 PUFA, and the combination of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), as well as the DHA/EPA ratio, remained stable from stage I to III but declined thereafter. (6) During the early developmental stages, the utilization sequence of fatty acids followed a pattern of prioritizing SFAs, followed by MUFAs, n-6 PUFA, and n-3 PUFA. These findings provide further insights into the nutritional priorities of hybrid grouper larvae during their early development, with a particular emphasis on lipids and fatty acids as vital energy sources. Additionally, our results highlight variations in the efficiency of utilization among different types of fatty acids, while protein utilization remained relatively stable, characterized by the selective consumption of amino acid content.

Understanding asymmetric effects of attribute performance on tourist satisfaction with island tourism using user-generated data

PurposePast research often relies on linear relationship assumptions from the perspective of managers when studying the relationship between attribute performance and satisfaction. However, this study extracts tourists’ online reviews to explore asymmetric relationships and identifies island tourism satisfiers, hybrids and dissatisfiers.Design/methodology/approachThe research uses 3,523 reviews from Tripadvisor to examine Langkawi Island’s tourist satisfaction. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) machine-learning approach, penalty–reward contrast analysis and asymmetric impact-performance analysis (AIPA) were employed to extract and analyse the data.FindingsLangkawi’s dissatisfiers included “hotel and restaurant”, “beach leisure”, “water sport”, “snorkelling”, “commanding view”, “waterfall”, “sky bridge walk”, “animal show”, “animal feeding”, “history culture”, “village activity” and “duty-free mall”. Amongst these, five were low performers. Hybrids encompassed “ticket purchasing”, “amenity” “traditional food market” and “gift and souvenir”, all of which were low performers. Only one attribute was categorised as a satisfier: “nature view” which performed exceptionally well.Practical implicationsThis study provides recommendations to enhance tourist satisfaction and address tourist dissatisfaction. The elements requiring immediate attention for enhancement are the five low-performance dissatisfiers, as they represent tourists’ fundamental expectations. Conversely, the satisfier or excitement factor (i.e. nature views – mangroves and wildlife) could be prominently featured in promotional materials.Originality/valueThis research constitutes an early endeavour to categorise attributes of island tourism into groups of satisfaction, hybrid or dissatisfaction based on user-generated data. It is underpinned by two-factor and three-factor theories.

Hybrid learning as alternative approach to improve Indonesian medical students' attitude towards clinical skills during COVID-19 pandemic.

Hybrid learning has been chosen as an alternative method in the conduction of clinical skill lectures during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic since students need to learn skills applied in emergency situations. This study aims to analyze students' attitudes between hybrid and online learning methods. A non-randomized study was conducted between hybrid group (HG) and online group (OG) on three courses (intravenous [IV]-line insertion, nasogastric tube [NGT] insertion, and neonatal resuscitation). We developed a preformed validated questionnaire to assess students' attitudes in five domains (willingness, understanding, capacity, self-efficacy, and intended behavior). The questionnaire was applied at the pre- and post-intervention. A total of 100 participants were included (n=49 in HG, n=51 in OG). Post-course attitudes were significantly higher in online (IV-line, p=0.000; NGT, p=0.000; resuscitation, p=0.000) and hybrid (IV-line, p=0.000; NGT, p=0.000; resuscitation, p=0.000) groups compared to their pre-course. There were no significant differences in post-course attitude between groups (IV-line, p=0.072; NGT, p=0.163; resuscitation, p=0.146). Normalized-gain scores of all subjects were higher in HG (IV-line, p=0.012; NGT, p=0.085; resuscitation, p=0.033). In conclusion, hybrid learning could be considered as a better alternative in clinical skill lectures to maximize students' attitudes, especially during COVID-19 pandemic.

Comparison of Robot-Assisted Multivessel Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass and Hybrid Revascularization

BackgroundThis study compares 2 minimally invasive coronary revascularization approaches: robot-assisted multivessel minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass (MIDCAB) and the hybrid approach combining MIDCAB with subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention. MethodsA retrospective review was conducted on cases of robotic MIDCAB performed at our institution between 2012 and 2022. Two groups of patients were analyzed: the surgery group (undergoing robotic multivessel MIDCAB) and the hybrid group. Surgical procedures included robotic left internal mammary artery harvest and anastomosis, with percutaneous coronary intervention performed within 30 days in the hybrid group. ResultsThere were 105 patients in the surgery group and 81 patients in the hybrid group. Both groups had similar characteristics, except that the surgery group had older patients. There were no mortalities in either group. Postoperative atrial fibrillation rates were higher in the surgery group. Length of stay and other postoperative complications did not differ significantly between the groups. ConclusionsMultivessel robotic MIDCAB can be safely performed with comparable outcomes to the hybrid approach. The hybrid technique, being less demanding, is the preferred in most centers. However, multivessel robotic MIDCAB offers the advantage of complete revascularization and potentially more durable results. Patients with complex non–left anterior descending lesions may not be suitable for the hybrid approach.

Ảnh hưởng của độ mặn, chế độ chiếu sáng đến phát triển phôi và tỷ lệ nở của cá mú lai (♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus x ♀ Epinephelus coioides) tại Việt Nam

The study aims to evaluate the effects of salinity and lighting mode on the development of embryogenesis, hatching rate were observed of hybrid grouper ELEC (♂ Epinephelus lanceolatus x ♀ Epinephelus coioides) was carried out from July to October in 2022. This study different salinity was a completely randomized design with 5 treatment (23, 28, 31, 35 and 37 ppt) and different light time was a completely randomized design with 5 treatments (10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 hour) with 3 replicates. The diameter of fertilized eggs measured 0.857±0.150 mm. Hybrid grouper eggs undergo many times of cleavage, hatching time 18h30‟ with the fertilization and hatched rates were 80-85%, respectively. Newly hatched larvae obtained 15,342; 1.35-1.6 mm in size, hatched from 18,050 fertilized eggs. The suitable salinity for incubation of hybrid grouper eggs is in the range of 31 to 35 ‰ with high hatching rate of 80 - 85% and low malformation rate of 0%. The results indicated that there were no significant effects of lighting time on the embryonic stages. Thus, the salinity should be maintained at 31 to 35 ‰, hatched rates were 80-85%. From the above results, we could conclude that hybrid grouper ELEC is predicted that artificial reproduction process and breeding product will be applied on practice in marine of Vietnam in the future.

Effects of High-Lipid Dietary Protein Ratio on Growth, Antioxidant Parameters, Histological Structure, and Expression of Antioxidant- and Immune-Related Genes of Hybrid Grouper

The hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatus) is a new species of grouper crossed from giant grouper (E. lanceolatus) as the male parent and brown-marbled grouper (E. fuscoguttatus) as the female parent. We hypothesized that optimal levels of dietary protein may benefit liver function. High-lipid diets are energetic feeds that conserve protein and reduce costs, and are a hot topic in aquaculture today. Therefore, the objective of the research is to investigated the effects of dietary protein level in high-lipid diets on serum and liver biochemistry, liver histology, and liver immune and antioxidant indexes and gene mRNA expression of the juvenile hybrid grouper (♀ Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × ♂ E. lanceolatus). Six iso-lipidic (161 g/kg) diets were formulated containing graded levels of protein (510 as control, 480,450, 420, 390 and 360 g/kg). Each treatment consisted of three replicates and 30 fish (6.70 ± 0.02 g) in one replicate. After an 8-week feeding experiment, the results indicated the following: (1) With the decreasing of dietary protein level, the specific growth rate (SGR) of groupers increased gradually and then decreased; SGRs of the 390 and 360 g/kg groups were significantly lower than other groups (p &lt; 0.05). (2) In terms of serum and liver, the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) content, and the activity of immune enzymes such as lysozyme (LYS) and immunoglobulin (IgM) was significantly increased under the appropriate protein level. (3) Based on liver histology, we know that high or low dietary protein levels cause liver damage. (4) Dietary protein levels can significantly affect the mRNA expression levels of an anti-inflammatory factor gene (tgfβ), pro-inflammatory factor genes (il6, il8), heat shock proteins, and antioxidant and immune genes (hsp70 and hsp90, gpx, nrf2, keap1). It is concluded that the appropriate protein level can promote the growth performance of groupers, improve antioxidant activity and immune enzyme activity in serum and liver, and enhance the expression of immune genes.

Combined effects of hypoxia and ammonia-N exposure ontheimmune response, oxidative stress, tissue injury and apoptosis of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀×E. lanceolatus♂).

In order to investigate the simultaneous exposure to hypoxia and ammonia-N on oxidative stress, immune response, and apoptosis of the hybrid grouper, 120 healthy groupers were selected for hypoxia and/or ammonia-N exposure experiment. The fish were divided into four experimental groups: hypoxia and ammonia-N group, hypoxia group, ammonia-N group, and control group. The results demonstrated that ammonia-N and hypoxia exposures induced the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities increased first and then decreased, and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulated. Additionally, antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, HSP70, and HSP90), apoptosis genes (p53, bax, caspase 3, caspase 8, and caspase 9), and inflammatory genes (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8) were upregulated by hypoxia and ammonia-N exposure. Severe inflammatory features were noticed in fish under hypoxia and ammonia-N co-exposure and speculating that the p53-bax pathway may induce apoptosis in hybrid groupers. Furthermore, hybrid grouper exposed to hypoxia or ammonia-N revealed some abnormalities in liver histology, with combined exposure resulting in the most severe liver tissue lesions. In summary, the hypoxia and ammonia-N co-exposure induced oxidative stress, accelerating the cell damage and activated inflammation and apoptosis.

Tactical Security as a Component of National Security and Comprehensive Defense under the Conditions of Conventional and Hybrid Warfare

The article examines the essence and peculiarities of the concept of tactical security as a component of national security and comprehensive defense of Ukraine under the conditions of conventional and hybrid warfare, the definition of basic conditions, principles and methodological approaches to the implementation of tactical security measures, the use of appropriate methods and means aimed at increasing the effectiveness of protection population under the influence of conventional and hybrid threats, personal, group and collective security of Ukrainian citizens. The analysis of such components of national security as “state security”, “military security”, “public security” and “individual security” was carried out. It is proposed to introduce the concept of “tactical security” into scientific circulation, taking into account its characteristic features and levels of support. It is emphasized that in the conditions of both conventional and hybrid warfare, unfortunately, the most vulnerable is the problem of ensuring human security, which is the result of unpredictable consequences of both overt and covert military aggression, mainly in the territories that have found themselves and are in the conditions of hostilities and temporary occupation. Attention is focused on the fact that the specified problem is intensifying and requires the development of a complex of urgent, in particular, tactical measures for its regulation with the help of both existing resource capabilities and potential, including innovative technologies, methods and means, and by combining public awareness, state regulatory mechanisms, public-private partnership, civil-military interaction and public activity and participation at the expense of proactive public structures and knowledgeable citizens, including on the basis of international experience in countering hybrid threats. It was determined that tactical security is an integrated concept that is simultaneously derived from military security, public security and individual personal security and, accordingly, can have three main meaningful components: military (component of military security), civil (component of public security and personal security) , as well as integrated, which is reflected in the concept of civil-military interaction to ensure tactical security in the conditions of hybrid warfare. It is caused by the permanent potential and sudden action of various factors, threats and influences, especially those that are difficult to predict in the conditions of both conventional and hybrid war and is aimed at quick prevention and urgent response to these factors, which involves a complex of actions: personal, group, collective and the use of appropriate means of individual, group and collective protection, assistance and care aimed at eliminating life-threatening conditions and their consequences. It has been noted that an important component of planning measures for the implementation of the National Security Strategy of Ukraine is the spread of a public culture of security, a clear understanding of the perspective model of the organization and provision of tactical security, delineation of its levels and types for certain categories of the population, employees and proactive citizens. The implementation of tactical security measures will contribute to ensuring an adequate level of military, public and personal human security and increasing the protection of the population from emergency situations and other dangerous events, as well as dangers arising during or as a result of both armed and covert conflicts in conditions of both conventional and and hybrid warfare. It was concluded that tactical security is an integrated type of security that is in the sphere of relations between the civil and military sectors, which in the future can be transformed into the concept of civil-military cooperation in preventing and responding to various emergency situations and dangerous events, establishing effective cooperation between civil and military structures and during the performance of tasks related to ensuring national security and comprehensive defense under the conditions of conventional and hybrid warfare.

Maturation in a hybrid grouper, Kue-Tama, a cross between female longtooth grouper, Epinephelus bruneus, and male giant grouper, E. lanceolatus

Maturation in a hybrid grouper, Kue-Tama, a cross between female longtooth grouper, Epinephelus bruneus, and male giant grouper, E. lanceolatus

Результаты генетического анализа племенного ядра сарбоянского карпа

The paper evaluates the results of the genetic analysis of the breeding core of sarboyan carp LLC "Eco-Park". The analysis was carried out using PCR diagnostics using the COXI gene. The predominant halpotypes of the breeding group of sarboyan carp have been identified. Analysis of the median network of haplotypes showed that the considered haplotypes of carp and wild carp form two haplogroups connected through 1 haplotype. One of the most numerous haplotypes among them is H1; it includes up to 78% of the studied array of fish. The stock of fish taken for the study was studied according to 8 grading measurements (body weight, absolute body length, body length without caudal fin, greatest height, width and girth). A comparative analysis of the physique features of male and female fish belonging to different haplotypes was carried out. Within the haplogroup there is sexual dimorphism based on morphological characteristics. Males and females differ significantly in weight, thickness and girth of the body, as well as the corresponding body indices. The second most numerous haplogroup is H16, its females exceed males in body weight, thickness and girth. A comparison of males from different groups h1 and h16 did not reveal differences in morphological characteristics; the same patterns were established in relation to the exterior of females. Phylogenetic analysis carried out on the basis of its own haplotypes and haplotypes taken from the international NCBI database confirms the known information that sarboyan carp is a deeply hybrid group created on the basis of introductory crossing of belarusian carp and amur carp.