Hybrid Energy Efficient Protocol Research Articles

A Cross-Layer Communication Protocol with Transmission Power Adjustment for Energy Saving in Multi-hop MhWSNs

Introducing a cross-layer scheme to optimize energy consumption in multi hop wireless sensor networks (MhWSNs) is a relatively new approach. Moreover and contrarily to the existing cross-layer MhWSNs architectures, this paper deals with a new cross-layer design based on three-ware cross-layer architecture which exploits an inversed interaction between network, link and physical layers. We propose a cross-layer and hybrid energy efficiency protocol (named CL-HEEP) with transmission power adjustment to preserve the energy reserves in multi-hop MhWSNs. The main idea is the use of routing information to dynamically adjust the transceiver transmission power and to establish cross-layer duty-cycling. An additional wake-up radio is also implied by CL-HEEP to preserve the energy while avoiding compulsory wake-up, idle listening, interference, and collision problems. The simulation reveals that CL-HEEP is energy-efficient and able to achieve significant performance improvement compared to other cross-layer protocols.

Hybrid Energy Efficient Protocol with Service Differentiation for QoS Provisions in Multi-Hop WSNs

The growing demand of usage of wireless sensors networks (WSNs) in multiple types of applications such as environment monitoring or asset tracking makes the quality-of-service (QoS) a paramount topic in wireless sensors applications. In these applications, each sensor node may collect different types of data with different levels of importance involving a different treatment to meet QoS purpose. Consequently, a sensor network should be ready to spend more resources in transmitting packets that hold more important information. In this paper, the authors propose an enhanced protocol with differentiated services for WSNs called QoS-HEEP. The proposed protocol is an improvement of HEEP protocol while providing requested quality of service for high priority real time traffic, which is distinguished from the low priority and non-real time traffic. Thus, input traffic streams are served based on their priorities. Through simulations using NS Simulator; it is observed that the authors' proposal outperforms more than other protocols developed in the literature for QoS provisions in WSNs.

HEEP (Hybrid Energy Efficiency Protocol) based on chain clustering

Wireless Sensor Networks have emerged as a new information-gathering system based on the collaborative efforts of large number of tiny sensors with limited resource. Energy constraints distinguish sensors networks from other wireless communication networks. Energy efficiency and network lifetime have been the focus of many research works on sensor networks, such as energy aware routing. This paper suggests a new routing protocol called HEEP which combines two algorithms: LEACH and PEGASIS. HEEP advise a new network self-organisation approach, that join clusters-based and the chain-based approaches. This new approach is called chains clustering approach. Organising the network nodes in chains clusters avoids the bad energy dissipation in LEACH protocol and reduces the routing delay generated by PEGASIS protocol. The experimental results show that HEEP outperforms LEACH and LEACH-C with more 110% of network lifetime, and reduces the routing delay introduced in PEGASIS by 50%.