Husk Briquettes Research Articles

Optimizing selected quality metrics of rice husk briquettes: a response surface methodology approach

Optimizing selected quality metrics of rice husk briquettes: a response surface methodology approach

Assessment of Quality of Smoked Fish Using Briquettes Crafted from Rice Husks and Fruit Peels

ABSTRACT The quest for alternative smoking fuels, beyond traditional wood, is essential to enhance the quality of smoked fish. This research focuses on evaluating the smoked fish quality achieved with briquettes derived from various sources: rice husks (53%) (BriqRi); pineapple peel (53%) (BriqAn); a combination of rice husks (18%) and pineapple peel (19%) (BriqRiAn); pineapple (19%) and orange peel (18%) (BriqAnO); and a composite blend of all three fuels (18% each) (BriqRiAnO). A total of 60 units each of horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) and mackerel (Scomber scombrus) underwent smoking using five different types of briquettes. The evaluation encompassed both physicochemical and sensory parameters of the smoked fish, along with an analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) contents. Significantly, higher weight losses post-smoking (p < 0.05) were observed in fish smoked with BriqAnO and BriqAn briquettes. The sensory evaluation conducted by a panel indicated that BriqRiAnO briquettes produced fish with the highest scores (p˂ 0.05). Furthermore, fish smoked with BriqRi rice husk briquettes exhibited the lowest levels of PAHs, whereas fish smoked with BriqAn pineapple peel briquettes showed the highest levels for most PAHs. Notably, no Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) hydrocarbon was detected in fish smoked using any of the briquettes. These findings suggest that briquettes derived from agricultural residues hold promise for enhancing fish smoking techniques in Benin.

Potential of Coffee and Cocoa Shell Waste as An Energy Source: Analysis of Characteristics of Briquettes From Coffee and Cocoa Shell Waste Through The Carbonization Process

This research aims to compare the characteristics of briquettes as an energy source produced from coffee shell waste and cocoa waste. The briquette-making process involves carbonization to produce charcoal as the primary raw material for briquettes. Carbonization time varies, influenced by the type of waste and size of the material. After that, the charcoal is reduced and sifted into fine and coarse powder. Briquette molding uses pressure using a pipe as a mold. The characteristics of briquettes are analyzed through water content, density, burning rate, and ash content. The research results show differences in characteristics between coffee and cocoa waste. The carbonization process affects the time and mass difference of raw materials. Cocoa pod shells require the longest (±35 minutes), while cocoa bean shells require the shortest (±17 minutes). Next, making briquettes involves molding and pressing using a pipe as a mold. The results showed that waste cocoa pod shells and cocoa bean shells produced more briquettes than waste coffee pod shells and coffee bean shells. The moisture content of briquettes from all types of waste meets the standards, but the density of the raw material for coffee husk waste is low, while the briquettes have a high density. The burning rate of briquettes varies, with cocoa bean shell briquettes having the fastest burning rate and producing much smoke. The ash content of cocoa pod husk briquettes exceeds the standard, while cocoa bean husk briquettes have low ash content. The density of the raw material is correlated with the moisture content of the briquettes. The highest burning rate occurs in cocoa bean shell briquettes, influenced by low density and high water content. The ash content of the briquettes meets standards, except for cocoa shell briquettes. This research proves that cocoa and coffee shell waste can be processed into briquettes with different characteristics.

Effects of clay, gum Arabic and hybrid binders on the properties of rice and coffee HUSK briquettes

The goal of this study was to determine the effects of clay, gum Arabic and hybrid binders on the physico-thermal and mechanical property of bio-composite briquettes from carbonize rice husks and coffee husks. Combined biochars briquettes were developed under low pressure (≤7 Mpa). The physical properties, density and calorific value of the briquettes were determined using thermogravimetric analysis and bomb calorimeter, respectively. The thermal properties were determined using water boiling time protocols. The particulate matter of 2.5 was determined using filter based gravimetric while the Carbon Monoxide and Carbon Dioxide levels were determined by electrochemical cell and dispersive infrared sensors, respectively. The results showed that the type of binder used in the development of bio-composite briquettes significantly affected their physico-thermal, mechanical property and calorific values. Heating values for bio-composite briquettes developed with clay binder ranged from 17140 to 18336 kJ/kg, briquettes with gum Arabic binder the calorific values ranged from 18053 to 18665 kJ/kg and the heating values of the bio-composite briquettes developed with hybrid binder ranged from 17404 to 18232 kJ/kg. The results of this work indicate that bio-composite briquettes with different binders can be applied as fuel in domestic and industrial application, however briquettes with gum Arabic had higher calorific values compared to briquettes with clay and briquettes with hybrid binder. The results obtained for all parameters showed that briquettes with a hybrid binders had a better performance based on boiling time had reduced, had higher burning rate and compressive strength, low fuel consumption. Therefore, this study recommends the use of the bio-composite briquettes produced with a hybrid binder and gum Arabic binder.

The effect of carbonization on emissions of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur oxides from fixed bed combustion of rice husk briquettes

The effect of carbonization on emissions of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur oxides from fixed bed combustion of rice husk briquettes

Determination of solid biofuel properties of hazelnut husk briquettes obtained at different compaction pressures

Determination of solid biofuel properties of hazelnut husk briquettes obtained at different compaction pressures

Studi Pendahuluan Pengembangan Agrotechnopreneurship Potensial di Kabupaten Jember

This research is a preliminary study to develop potential agrotechnopreneurship in Jember Regency. This study aims to identify agrotechnopreneurship products that can be developed in Jember Regency as a business base for community entrepreneurial activities, as well as an effort to utilize the agricultural potential in Jember Regency. The exploration of agrotechnopreneurship products uses documentation studies, while the determination of potential agrotechnopreneurship products uses the exponential comparison method (MPE). The results showed that the number of agrotechnopreneurship products that were considered feasible to be developed in Jember Regency was 92 products, including products based on livestock sub-sector (4 products), food crops (23 products), plantation (17 products), horticulture (28 products), and fisheries (20 products). Agrotechnopreneurship products are the most potential for community entrepreneurial activities among other products based on aspects of market opportunity, cost, profit potential, and human resource capabilities, namely cow's milk kefir (animal husbandry), mocaf flour (food crops), coconut husk briquettes (plantation), chili sauce (horticulture), and shredded catfish (fishing).

SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH SEKAM PADI MENJADI BRIKET UNTUK WARGA DESA SUMBERURIP

The problem experienced by the people of Sumberurip Village is the lack of knowledge and skills to process waste or waste. The people of Sumber Urip Village are divided into several areas of livelihood, but most of the livelihoods of the people of Sumber Urip Village are farmers. The condition of agricultural waste which causes a lot of pollution to the environment, especially rice husk waste or what is commonly known as bran is part of the grain grain in the form of dry, scaly, and inedible sheets, which protect the inside. Rice husk is one of the most beneficial agricultural wastes. However, farmers often think that the husks are agricultural waste that can only be used as fertilizer, ashes, or animal feed. Utilization of rice husk briquettes is one of the solutions in an effort to break down waste that can pollute the environment, and also as an effort to increase understanding, awareness and skills of the people of Sumberurip Village in dealing with waste that can pollute the environment around the village. Based on the problems above, KKN participants are interested in socializing the manufacture of briquettes made from rice husk. Rice husk is widely used as a material for making briquettes.

PELATIHAN DAN PEMANFAATAN SEKAM PADI MENJADI BRIKET BIO ARANG SEBAGAI USAHA MIKRO MASYARAKAT DESA KEBON AYU

It is hoped that KKN students will be able to assist the West Lombok Trade and Industry Office in developing business and promotions, especially in Kebon Ayu Village, Gerung District, Lombok Regency. To prevent environmental pollution that occurs due to rice husks that are not managed properly, rice husks can be used as alternative fuels to replace kerosene, gas, wood charcoal and also organic fertilizers that are environmentally friendly. direct presentation of the material included: Explanation regarding rice husk briquettes and the reasons why rice husk briquettes have a selling price. How is the marketing explained here, marketing is done online through several Allshope accounts as well as direct marketing using brochures. How to make it that can be practiced directly by the community Community service activities in the form of rice husk briquette processing training were held on Tuesday, January 24 2023 in the kelebut hamlet field which was held at 16.00 - 18.00 WITA. training activities include delivering material explaining work programs, product background, product introductions, marketing plans. followed by a trial burning process, briquette processing training, question and answer session and group photos. Where in this case the Integrated Community Service Program students at the University of Mataram who focused on PKK mothers agreed because most of the mothers in this village only carried out activities at home as housewives.

Procena mehaničkih i termičkih karakteristika briketa od kukuruzne ljuske kao alternativnog izvora energije

This paper presents the mechanical and thermal characteristics evaluation of maize husk briquette as an alternative energy source to enhance sustainability and efficiency. The experimental test conducted for a 0.6kg weight of briquette showed the volatility and moisture content to have a mean value of 62.52 and 0.27%; while the compressive strength was revealed to be 3.06k N/m 2. The thermal evaluation showed that the mean burn temperature of the maize husk briquette rose from 70.70 o C to 83.34 o C in 8 minutes, 98.72 o C in 10 minutes and finally 100 o C in 12 minutes; when compared to fire wood which burns slowly from 46 o C in 5 minutes, to 53 o C in 9 minutes, 68 o C in 10 minutes, 82 o C in 12 minutes, 94 o C in 18 minutes and finally to 100 o C in 21 minutes. Further, the comparative analysis result revealed that the maize husk briquette has more oxygen and nitrogen at 44.64 and 4.22%, compared to charcoal. It also has more ash content of 11.47% due to its volatility to burn effectively. On the other hand, the maize husk briquette has a low carbon and sulfur contents after burning at 43.55 and 0.051%. These findings will help address the disposal challenges of accumulated maize husk at and crop residues as an alternative sustainable source to meet green environmental and technological demands.

Farmer Community Empowerment Through Training on Making Simple Rice Husk Briquettes to Control Rice Rat Pest

Farmer Community Empowerment Through Training on Making Simple Rice Husk Briquettes to Control Rice Rat Pest

Optimization of combustion parameters of carbonized rice husk briquettes in a fixed bed using RSM technique

This study investigates the combustion of carbonized rice husk briquettes in a fixed bed to establish the optimum briquetting and combustion conditions. The combustion properties, namely, the average flame propagation speed, the average burning rates, the reaction zone thickness, maximum flame temperature and the ignition time, were optimized with respect to air-flow rate, binder ratio and particle size using response surface methodology (RSM). Seventeen experiments with different combinations of air-flow rate, binder ratio, and particle sizes, each at three levels set according to Box-Behnken Design (BBD), an RSM technique, were performed. Mathematical models for predicting the responses were developed by fitting experimental data. It was established that the binder and air-mass flux predominantly affected all fuel samples during processing and combustion. Optimal values of the ignition time and reaction zone thickness were established to be 249.08 s and 102.43 mm when air-mass flux, binder ratio and particle size were 0.31 kg/m2.s, 25% and 2.6 mm, respectively. On the other hand, the optimal peak bed temperature was 1226.25 °C when air-mass flux, binder ratio and particle size were 0.31 kg/m2.s, 25% and 0.3 mm, respectively.

The Research Trends of Rice Husk-Based Briquettes Using Bibliometric Analysis

As the huge consumption of rice worldwide, the amount of production waste also increases. The purpose of this study was to investigate rice husk utilization for briquettes solid fuel which has aroused a great concern in the last few decades and growing number of related publications. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis of these publications may provide a direction of novel topics and prospective research trends. The related global literatures published between 2012 and 2021 have been scanned from ScienceDirect collection database. “Biochar briquettes” and “rice husk briquettes” are used as the keywords. VOSviewer is applied to perform the bibliometric analysis of these articles. In the same time, literature review has been done to analyze the research trends on rice husk-based briquetting. Totally 400 publications on the topic of biochar briquettes were identified and “biomass” with a total link strength of 90 appeared as the most frequent keywords.

Comparative Analysis of Agro Waste Material Solid Biomass Briquette for Environmental Sustainability

The agro waste briquettes produced from sorghum panicle and pearl millet with corn starch as the binder with varied proportions were compared with the other agro briquettes, and the elemental analysis of SP-PM briquettes was compared with the agro waste, palm kernel shell, soybean waste, mango leaves, rice husk, spruce, and coffee husk briquettes. The TGA results of SP-PM briquettes were compared with the corn leaf, baggase, almond shell, banana leaves, banana pseudostem, pineapple leaf, stem and root, low rank coal, bituminous coal, cotton stalk, and wheat straw. The DSC analysis that was carried out for SP-PM briquettes were compared with the rice husk char, spent coffee ground, wood chips, saw dust, wood straw, Tomsk peat, Sukhovskoy peat, Arkadievsky peat, nutshell, and bran. Thus, the briquettes made out of sorghum panicle and pearl millets are compared with the other biomass briquettes for its efficiency and its quality. Thus, the briquettes made out of sorghum panicle and pearl millets are compared with the other biomass briquettes for its efficiency and its quality.

Evaluation of the physical-mechanical and energy properties of coffee husk briquettes with kraft lignin during slow pyrolysis

The objective of the study was to evaluate the properties of briquettes produced with coffee husks with the addition of kraft lignin for the production of solid biofuels of high physical-mechanical and energetic quality and to analyze the feasibility of converting these briquettes into co-products with higher energy value at from the pyrolysis process. The ratios of kraft lignin to the coffee husk mass were: 10%, 20% and 50%. The briquetting was performed at temperature 120 °C and at a pressure of 15 MPa for 15 min. The physical mechanical characteristics such as apparent density and compressive strength were determined. Slow pyrolysis was performed in 350 °C, 400 °C and 450 °C at a heating rate of 5 °C/min; the final residence time was 1 h. The product yields were calculated at the end of the pyrolysis process. The chemical compounds present in the bio-oil were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the biochar was evaluated for proximate analysis, higher heating value (HHV) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with total reflectance attenuated (FTIR-ATR). The briquettes produced with 50% of lignin kraft showed higher apparent density and compressive strength. The pyrolysis performed at 350 °C of the briquettes with 50% lignin favored the production of biochar, on the other hand the pyrolysis performed at 350 °C of the briquettes with 10% lignin provided a higher bio-oil yield. In the bio-oil obtained in the pyrolysis at 400 °C of briquettes with 50% lignin kraft, the greatest production of phenolic compounds occurred. On the other hand, the greatest yield of nitrogen compounds (caffeine) occurred in pyrolysis at 350 °C of briquettes with 20% kraft lignin. The chemical and energetic properties of biochars did not vary considerably in the studied pyrolysis temperature ranges. However, the use of the thermochemical process enhanced the energetic properties and the FTIR analysis showed that biochars have become more aromatic and carbonaceous, in relation to the raw agro-industrial residues. It is concluded that the combination of the different agro-industrial residues (coffee husk and kraft lignin) can offer a sustainable solution for part of the energy scenario, considering that both the properties of the briquettes and the characteristics of the pyrolysis products have been improved.

Catalytic Temperature Effects on Conversion Efficiency of PM2.5 and Gaseous Emissions from Rice Husk Combustion

Most studies on honeycomb catalysts have been conducted using simulation models and exhaust experiments from automobiles. Very few monolithic catalyst studies have been applied to the agricultural sector, especially the catalyst exhaust system for flue purification from the biomass industry. The importance of exhaust gas purification and particulate removal from biomass power plants has become critical for evaluating the performance and environmental sustainability of biomass combustion. This is one of the first studies to investigate the performance of honeycomb catalysts for the oxidation of flue (PM2.5), (CO), and (SO2) from a rice husk briquette combustion system. The experimental setup comprised a fixed-bed electric furnace, the catalyst, an aerosol sampler, and a flue gas analyzer. Rice husk (0.1 g/mL density) and rice husk briquettes (0.8 g/mL density), were burned at 600–1000 °C for 3 min. From the results, the catalyst CO conversion rate was 100% at the optimum heated temperatures of 427.4–490.3 °C. At these temperatures, the inhibition effect of the chemisorbed CO was significantly minimized, enhancing the adsorption of oxygen, which reacted with CO to form CO2. However, SO2 oxidation was lower than that of CO because platinum-based catalysts are generally more attracted to CO in the presence of oxygen. The emission of PM2.5 decreased from its uncatalyzed-value (1169.9 mg/m3 and 1572.2 mg/m3) to its catalyzed values (18.9 mg/m3 and 170.1 mg/m3). This is a significant result in ensuring cleaner production of energy from rice husk.

Biomass valorization for energy applications: A preliminary study on millet husk

This study used millet husk which is a waste and gum Arabic as binder to develop briquettes for domestic cooking in Northern Nigeria. The objective was to investigate the effect of particle sizes, compaction pressures and binder concentrations on the physical, mechanical and thermal characteristics of the briquettes. Furthermore, the study also accessed the economic viability of the usage of millet husk briquettes as fuel. Particle sizes of 0.3, 0.4, 0.6 and 1.7mm; compaction pressures of 10, 15, 20 and 25 MPa and binder concentrations (gum Arabic) of 25, 30, 35 and 40% were used to densify the millet husk mixed with gum Arabic at room temperature with the aid of hydraulic press. The caloric value (15.27 MJ/kg) was determined using ASTM D2015, other physical and chemical properties of the millet husk was determined by proximate and ultimate analysis which showed that volatile matter (76%), ash content (6.5%) and sulphur content (0.3%) are within the recommended range for domestic cooking fuels. It was found that the density (438 kg/m3 and 669 kg/m3), impact resistance index (70–93%) and compressive strength of the millet husk briquettes increased with compaction pressures and binder concentrations and decreases with increase in particle sizes, while for porosity of the briquettes, the above case was a reversal. The performance of the briquettes for domestic cooking were accessed by ignition time (109 and 140 s); burning rate (0.09 g/s and 0.18 g/s) and water boiling test which took 5 and 11 min to boil 1 L of water as compared to fuel wood that takes longer. Economic analysis showed that utilizing the millet husk generated in northern Nigeria will lead to huge savings in fuel wood consumption, monetary savings of about ₦ 9,257,869,268.62, and reduction in deforestation and its attendant problems. A structured questionnaire as used to ascertain the acceptability of the produced briquettes. Most of the respondents (90%) in a survey expressed willingness to use millet husk briquette as replacement for wood. The study concludes that millet husk is good for briquetting for energy applications with high potential to reduce energy poverty, minimal waste and reduce indoor pollution for domestic cooking therefore, making millet cultivation more profitable in Northern Nigeria.

Utilization training of rice husk waste as alternative energy in Baros District, Serang, Indonesia

Farmer groups in Baros District, Serang Regency face a problem where a rice husk waste has accumulated and there has been no effort to process it into economic value products. One solution is to use rice husk waste into briquettes. Rice husk briquettes are obtained by burning dry biomass with a little air (carbonization). The method of implementing the activities carried out was by extension and demonstration of making briquettes. This activity was able to increase the knowledge and skills of the management and members of the Baros independent farmer group in the use of rice husks as an alternative energy source in the form of briquettes.

India during Covid-19 Pandemic Agriculture Research in Resources

The duration of the lockdown measures led us to consider how potential food crops and agriculture play a vital role in this pandemic situation. Except the Health services and essential services, agriculture sector play a major role in feeding the large population of the country. (COVID–19) pandemic crises and prompts changes in paddy cultivation. At first, we study about the role of the paddy cultivation for human beings in the lockdown scenario and at second, it fully covered about the farmers and their challenges faced during the paddy cultivation in the lockdown period also it elaborates to their input access, labour facilities in this situation (Human Resources), market availability and these supply chain for paddy thenit’s byproducts. Also, it Prompts Changes in Paddy Cultivation and finally the study carried about the dynamic usage paddy by-products to improve the standard of living of the farmers which means mushroom cultivation, vermicomposting, ropes, packing material, pellets, paper making, mulching techniques, animal feeding, rice bran wax, industrial grade crude oil, husk briquettes and also it act as a carrier for biofertilizers organisms. Year by year the risks faced by Indian farmers keep aggravating in terms of low rainfall, price volatility and rising debts.

The Effect Of Adhesive Variations (Starch, Liquid Smoke, and Used Oil), And The Form Of Rice Husk Briquette (Cylinder and Block) On The Performance Of The Gasification TLUD Method

This research aimed to determine the effect of the adhesive types on rice husk briquettes in the TLUD gasification process. The types of adhesive used are starch, tar, and used oil. Rice husk briquettes have varied in two forms, namely cylindrical and block shapes. Each variation has a diameter of 1 inch and a side of 1 inch as well. Rice husk in uniform meshing with 20 mesh size. The Gasification process uses rice husk briquette as fuel. The next step is to insert 3 kg of briquettes into the gasification cylinder. Then ignited to start the gasification process. The type of gasification furnace used is the TLUD type. That is an updraft type gasification with initial ignition on the upper surface of the briquette fuel. Data collection was carried out to determine how much the sufficient flame temperature was and how long the gasification process’s adequate flame time took place and determine the briquettes’ quality by testing the water boiling test. These test results show that rice husk briquettes with used oil adhesive variations are better than other adhesive variations, reach an average temperature of 755°C, and boil 2 liters of water in 6 minutes.