Husband's Alcohol Consumption Research Articles

Predictors of anxiety among women of reproductive age in Nepal: a comprehensive nationwide analysis.

Anxiety poses a significant challenge for women of reproductive age globally, often leading to other mental health issues. However, research on anxiety prevalence among this demographic, particularly in Nepal, remains scarce. This study aims to fill this gap by identifying demographic, biological, and behavioral predictors of anxiety among reproductive-aged women in Nepal. Using data from the nationally representative Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2022, this study employed the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale to assess anxiety prevalence. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including one-way ANOVA and stepwise multiple regression, were utilized for identifying the potential predictors of anxiety. This study found that 22.2% of reproductive-aged women in Nepal experience moderate to severe anxiety. The stepwise multiple regression revealed seven most influential factors, with depression (mild, moderate, severe) being the most influential predictor of anxiety, explaining 51.8% of the variance (R square change = 0.518; Sig. =<0.001). Self-reported health status (R square change = 0.010; Sig.=<0.001), experienced emotional violence (R square change = 0.007; Sig.=<0.001), and pregnancy termination (R square change = 0.002; Sig.=0.001) accounted for 1.0%, 0.7%, and 0.2% of the variance in anxiety, respectively. Other significant predictors of anxiety included husband's alcohol consumption, genital discharge, and household wealth status. Anxiety is substantially prevalent among reproductive-aged women in Nepal, with sociodemographic factors playing a crucial role. Further research is needed to develop targeted socioeconomic, and behavioral interventions aimed at addressing anxiety and its broader impact on daily life, thereby ensuring the mental well-being of women of reproductive age.

Domestic violence in indian women: status of husbands’ alcohol consumption as a determinant factor

Abstract Background Domestic violence continues to be a major public health issue that affects millions of individuals worldwide. According to the 2015-2016 India National Family Health Survey, 33% of married women had been victims of spousal physical, sexual, or emotional violence. It was also revealed that spousal abuse differs depending on the level of the husband's alcohol consumption. In this case, determining the link between this consumption and domestic violence is critical. Methods The effects of husbands’ alcohol use on the occurrence of domestic violence and associated risk factors were investigated using data from the 2015-2016 India Individual Record Database (DHS) A binomial logistic regression model was used for the analysis. Results 62554 married women aged 15 to 49 were chosen for this study, of which 31.2% have experienced some form of marital violence. Women with husbands who drink alcohol account for 31% of the sample, with 49.5% of those committing domestic violence against their wives. In a multivariate analysis, women whose spouses drink have a 3.11 times higher chance (p &amp;lt; 0.01; adjOR=3.11, 95%CI 3-3.23) of experiencing domestic violence than women whose husbands don't drink. Conclusions The effect of the husband's alcohol use on the occurrence of domestic violence can be used to guide evidence-based targeted intervention. Key messages

Predictors of spousal coercive control and its association with intimate partner violence evidence from National Family Health Survey-4 (2015-2016) India

BackgroundThe feminist theory posits that spousal coercive control is not random but a purposeful and systematic men’s strategy to control and dominate their female partners. The frequency of coercive control is more than emotional, physical, and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV). Coercive control is usually mistaken with psychological abuse when it is not and has recently gained independent attention within the spectrum of IPV. The role of socioeconomic factors in determining coercive control and associations between coercive control and form of IPV is less researched.ObjectiveWe aimed to examine sociodemographic and socioeconomic predictors of spousal coercive control and its association with IPV (past 12-months).MethodsWe analysed data of 66,013 ever-married women aged 15-49 from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS)-4 (2015-2016). Estimates involved bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models, and marginal effects prediction.ResultsThe prevalence of spousal coercive control is more commonly reported by 48% of women than the prevalence of IPV 25% (emotional 11%, physical 22%, and sexual 5%) in the past 12 months. Adjusted odds ratio indicate that women having three and more children (aOR 1.1, 95% CI: 1.0-1.2), women work status (1.1; 1.1-1.2), husband’s secondary (1.1; 1.1-1.2) or higher education (1.1; 1.1-1.2), and husband alcohol consumption (1.7; 1.6-1.7) increase the odds of coercive control. In the fully adjusted model coercive control independently increased the likelihood of experiencing emotional (aOR 2.8.; 95% CI: 2.6, 3.1), physical (2.2; 2.1, 2.3), and sexual (2.5; 2.3, 2.8) IPV in the past 12 months; and with an increase in each additional indicator of coercive control acts, the likelihood of physical, sexual, and emotional IPV further increases. When women reported six indicators of coercive control, the predicted proportion of women experiencing emotional 53%, physical 45%, and sexual IPV was 25% in the fully adjusted model.ConclusionCoercive control limits women’s social support and contacts contributing to low self-esteem, self-efficacy, and poor mental health. The purpose of this study is to highlight that understudied coercive control is more common than other forms of IPV and is a potential risk factor for physical, sexual, and emotional IPV independently. The inclusion of coercive control in interventions is crucial to prevent form of IPV. Survivals long-term safety and independence can be secured if the current protection law against domestic violence is extended to encompass coercive control.

Domestic violence among Omani women: prevalence, risk factors and help-seeking behaviour.

Domestic violence is a serious and often underreported problem. No studies on domestic violence have been conducted in Oman. This study determined the prevalence and risk factors of emotional and/or physical domestic violence in Omani women, and the help-seeking behaviour of those experiencing domestic violence. This cross-sectional study in 2019 included literate women aged 18-60 years old attending primary health care centres in Muscat region. A self-administered questionnaire was used to record the characteristics of the women and determine the prevalence of emotional and physical domestic violence. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine risk factors for domestic violence. Of 1051 women approached, 978 agreed to participate. Mean age of the women was 30.6 (standard deviation 6.9) years. Domestic violence was reported by 28.8% (282/978) of women: 21.0% (205/978) had experienced emotional domestic violence, 18.0% (176/978) physical domestic violence and 10.1% (99) both emotional and physical domestic violence. Domestic violence was significantly associated with husband's alcohol consumption (odds ratio (OR) = 9.85, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.00-96.94), feeling depressed (OR = 2.90, 95% CI: 1.75-4.81), insomnia (OR = 2.54, 95% CI: 1.57-4.10) and somatic symptoms (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.08-2.78). Only 5.4% (11/205) of women experiencing emotional violence and 6.3% (11/176) experiencing physical violence had sought help from their doctors. Emotional and physical domestic violence against women is common in Oman and is associated with poor health outcomes. Addressing domestic violence in Oman is important and requires collaboration between different sectors.

The Effects of Husbands' Alcohol Consumption and Women's Empowerment on Intimate Partner Violence in India.

The influence of husband's alcohol consumption and that of women's empowerment has been largely studied separately in relation to the intimate partner violence (IPV) faced by women, which has hindered a nuanced understanding of gender-based violence in India. This study aimed to understand how husbands' alcohol consumption shapes the relationship between women's empowerment and violence among Indian couples. Data from the 2015-16 National Family Health Survey (NFHS) were used in this study. A composite women's empowerment index was constructed and its association with husbands' drunkenness and odds of facing emotional, physical, severe, and sexual violence was examined. This study found that compared to women whose husbands were never drunk, those whose husbands were sometimes or often drunk had significantly higher odds of experiencing physical, emotional, and sexual violence. For all the types of IPV, an increase in the empowerment index was associated with a significant reduction in the odds of experiencing violence. However, increasing frequency of husband's drunkenness in combination with increasing scores on the empowerment index was associated with a significant increase in the odds of IPV, except sexual violence. Our findings highlight the nuances of IPV, situating the experiences of women in the social, cultural, and economic realities of Indian society.

Differentials and Predictors of IPV against Nigerian Women in Rural and Urban Areas

ABSTRACT Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a reality the average Nigerian woman has to grapple with every day. Various studies have investigated the factors associated with IPV against women, but there has been a paucity of studies undertaken on the comparative analysis of IPV against women in different places of residence in Sub Saharan Africa. Thus, this study examines the comparative prevalence and predictors of physical, sexual, and emotional IPV among women in rural and urban areas in Nigeria. The study employed the 2013 Nigerian Demographic Health Survey (NDHS) data, and the subsample for this study were married women in Nigeria (N = 26,403). The study reveals several factors that associated with IPV cut across rural and urban areas, like the history of abuse and husband alcohol consumption, while several factors of IPV are peculiar to urban areas (like employment status and age predicting physical IPV), and rural areas (like wealth index and religion predicting physical IPV). The study points out the complex nature of IPV among Nigerian women and this implies that the critical health and support structures and policies for IPV victims should account for the residential context that shapes the victims’ socio-demographic status and abusive experiences.

The Relationship between a Spouse's Alcohol Use Disorder and Family Communication.

BackgroundAlcohol use disorder (AUD) affects not only an individual's health but also their family. This study was conducted to examine effects of a spouse's AUD on family functioning and family communication.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study using data from 890 participants (445 couples) in a Korean family cohort in primary care. Participants with Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test in Korea scores of 8 or greater were classified into an AUD group. Family functioning was classified into three groups (balanced, midrange, and extreme) using the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale (FACES)-III questionnaire, and then reclassified into two groups (appropriate and extreme groups) for binominal analyses. Family communication was classified into three groups (high, moderate, and low) using the Family Communication Scale, FACES-IV, and also reclassified into two groups (good and poor).ResultsThere was no significant difference in adaptability and cohesion between both male and female participants with a spouse with AUD and participants with a spouse without AUD. Using multivariate logistic regression to adjust for potential confounders, there was no significant difference in family type and communication between the two groups in males. However, there was a significant decrease in family communication (odds ratio, 2.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.29 to 3.58) in females with a spouse with AUD compared to females with a spouse without AUD, even after adjusting for the participant's own AUD.ConclusionIn females, family communication is significantly worse when spouses have AUD. This suggests that a husband's alcohol consumption has negative effects on his wife's family communication.

Understanding intimate partner violence and its correlates.

Objectives:This study assessed intimate partner violence (IPV) and alcohol use in an urban population in Pune, India. The prevalence of IPV and alcohol use was assessed along with the correlation of IPV with alcohol and other variables.Materials and Methods:The study was cross-sectional, questionnaire-based. The materials used were the hurt insult threaten scream (HITS) scale, the alcohol use disorders identification test, and a brief psychosocial questionnaire. Systematic random sampling was done on the target population. Regression analysis of various factors in relation to HITS score was done.Results:Sample size (n) was 318 individuals. Prevalence of IPV was found to be 16% and the victims were mostly women. Prevalence of alcohol use was 44%, of which 8.9% were harmful users. No female subjects consumed alcohol, but 94% were aware of their husband's alcohol consumption. No significant correlation was found between IPV and education (P = 0.220) or income of women (P = 0.250). Alcohol consumption by males was a significant risk factor for women experiencing IPV (σ = +0.524; P< 0.001). Regression analysis also revealed that increasing marital age (P = 0.019) and financial support from in-laws (P = 0.040) were significantly protective.Conclusion:IPV prevalence was less than the national average for India, but the majority of victims was women. The most common type of IPV was verbal. Alcohol use prevalence was higher than the national average, but harmful use was lower. Alcohol use is a significant risk factor for IPV. Education and income of women were not significantly protective against IPV but increased age at marriage and support from in-laws were.

Domestic violence against women in Eastern Sudan.

BackgroundViolence against women is one of the major public health problems in both developed and developing worlds. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of current (occurred in one year preceding the survey) domestic violence and socio-demographic factors associated with domestic violence against women.MethodsThis was a cross sectional household survey (face to face interview) conducted in Kassala, eastern Sudan, from 1st March to 1st June 2014. Multivariable analyses were performed, Confidence intervals of 95% were calculated and P < 0.05 was considered significant.ResultsOf the 1009 women, 33.5% (338) reported current experience of physical violence and, of these 338 women, 179 (53%) and 159 (47%) reported moderate and severe form of physical violence respectively. The prevalence of sexual coercion, psychological violence and verbal insult was 17% (172\\1009), 30.1% (304\\1009) and 47.6% (480\\1009) respectively. In the majority of cases, violence was experienced as repeated acts, ie, more than three times per year. For verbal insult 20.1% (203\\480) and 27.5% (277\\480) reported yelling and shouting respectively. Again 251 (24.9%) and 270 (26.8%) women reported that they experience divorce threat and second marriage threat respectively. In logistic regression model, husband’s education (OR = 1.5; CI = 1.0-2.1; P = 0.015), polygamous marriage (OR = 1.9; CI = 1.3-2.9; P = 0.000), and husband’s alcohol consumption (OR = 13.9; CI = 7.9-25.4; P <0.000) were significantly associated with domestic violence.ConclusionsDomestic violence was found to be highly prevalent in eastern Sudan and strongly associated with the educational status, polygamous marriage and husband’s alcohol consumption. We recommend more research to include men.

Domestic violence and its predictors among married women in reproductive age in Fagitalekoma Woreda, Awi zone, Amhara regional state, North Western Ethiopia

BackgroundViolence against women is one of the most systematic and prevalent human rights abuses in the world. It is a form of discrimination and deeply rooted in power imbalances and structural inequality between women and men. Documenting the extent of the problem and associated factors is essential to develop public health interventions to tackle violence against women. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine magnitude of domestic violence and identify its predictors among married women in the reproductive age in north western Ethiopia.MethodsCommunity-based cross-sectional study was conducted from February 15 to March 15, 2011 among 682 married women and 46 key informants. Systematic sampling technique was used to select respondents for the quantitative method. Purposive sampling was used to select in-depth interview key informants for and focus group discussants. Data were analyzed using SPSS window version 16.0. Binary logistic regression and multivariable logistic regression analysis were carried out to determine the prevalence and identify independent predictors of domestic violence against women. Statistical association was measured by adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was declared at P < 0.05.ResultThe prevalence of domestic violence was 78.0%. About 73.3%, 58.4% and 49.1% of women reported different forms of psychological, physical and sexual violence, respectively. Alcohol consumption by husband (AOR = 1.9, 95%CI = 1.3, 2.8), being pregnant (AOR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.4, 3.4), decision making power (AOR = 2.3, 95% CI = 1.5, 3.4) and annual income (AOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.1, 3.3) were predictors of domestic violence.ConclusionThe prevalence of domestic violence was very high as compared to other studies. Women’s husband alcohol consumption, decision making power annual household income and being pregnant are some of the predictors of domestic violence against women.

Prospective prediction of husband marital aggression within newlywed couples.

This study prospectively examined a social interactional model of husband marital aggression. Young couples were assessed at the time of their 1st marriage with respect to marital conflict styles, alcohol consumption, hostility, gender identity, perceived power inequity, and history of family violence. Couples were reassessed at their 1-year anniversary, and information concerning marital aggression was collected. Most of the constructs were prospectively related to husband aggression, but these relationships were largely mediated through marital conflict styles and husband alcohol consumption, which in turn were influenced by husband's hostility, gender identity, and perceived power inequity.