Hunhe River Research Articles

Pipe Jacking in Sandy Soil Under a River in Shenyang, China

This paper provides an overview of a pipe jacking project of the Wu’ai Electric Power Tunnel, funded by Shenyang Power Company and constructed under the supervision of China Railway Construction Corporation in Shenyang, China. This project involves excavation of three jacking shafts and drilling tunnels by pipe jacking technique. A 3.5 m diameter reinforced concrete pipe was jacked below the Hunhe River over a length of 1000 m. Hand shield approach was adopted on the river bank as an alternative of operating an earth pressure balance microtunnel boring machine under the river. The stress–strain behavior of shafts under the maximum applied jacking forces was evaluated by means of finite element analyses. Monitoring data (i.e., tunnel alignment, jacking forces, resistance at the jacking head, frictional resistance and torque of the boring machine) were collected during the jacking process and are presented here. A tunnel face collapse was experienced; the corresponding countermeasure actions adopted are described. The jacking design (i.e., pipe, jacking machine, and shafts) and remediation for tunnel failure may provide reference for future projects and assist in the development of new design guidelines.

Tracking Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) with GPS Satellite Transmitters Along Their Migration Route Through Northeast Asia.

In this study, Global Positioning System satellite transmitters were attached to three mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) wintering in South Korea to track their migration routes, stopover sites, breeding sites, and migration patterns. We successfully tracked only one mallard (no. 108917) from November 15, 2011, to November 29, 2013, and determined separate migration routes in two cases of spring migration and one case of fall migration. The mallard repeatedly migrated to the same final destination, even though the travel path varied. We identified six stopover sites: Hunhe River, Liaohe River, Yinma River, Yalu River, Songjeon Bay, and Dahuofang Reservoir in China and South Korea. The wintering sites of two migration cases were discovered to be identical (Gokgyo River in Asan, South Korea). The terminal sites, which were presumed to be breeding grounds, were the same in both cases (Hinggan League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China). On the basis of the migration routes identified in this study, we suggest that future efforts to control highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) should not only include avian influenza surveillance but also implement flyway-based strategies, with regard to all countries affected by potential HPAI outbreaks.

Seasonal variations and trend prediction of upstream water quality of Dahuofang Reservoir in Hunhe River

ABSTRACTDahuofang Reservoir is one of the most important water conservation projects supplying water to the cities of Shenyang and Fushun. Water quality security is the key to protecting the safety of water supply. To determine the current state of the water quality conditions in Hunhe River upstream of Dahuofang Reservoir, a seasonal analysis was conducted on the basis of the water quality monitoring data collected from three storage sections (Beizamu, Gulou, and Taigou) upstream of Dahuofang Reservoir from 2004 to 2012. The Kendall testing method for analysis of possible trends in pollutant concentration variation in the upstream portion of Dahuofang Reservoir was utilized. The results showed that (1) in all seasons and sections, the minimum total nitrogen concentration was 2.1 mg/L, a little greater than grade V water quality standard value 2 mg/L and is gradually increasing over recent years. Therefore, the primary source in need of pollution control is total nitrogen in Hunhe River upstream of Dahuofang Reservoir. (2) Concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and permanganate were 0.694 and 4.2 mg/L in Beizamu section during dry season, which exceeded 38.8% and 5% of grade II standard of National Surface Water Quality (NSWQ), respectively, well above that noted during wet and normal seasons and higher than that found in any other section. Therefore, the predominant pollution control sources are ammonia nitrogen and permanganate index at Beizamu section in dry season. (3) Five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) in Gulou section during wet season was 3.3 mg/L, which is more than 10% of grade II standard of NSWQ and greater than that of any other section and any other period. Thus, the predominant pollution originates from BOD5 in Gulou section during wet season. (4) All pollution indices of Taigou section were found to be above grade II standard of NSWQ.

Design and key techniques of a collaborative virtual flood experiment that integrates cellular automata and dynamic observations

With the development of computer science, communications technology and environmental modeling, virtual geographic environments (VGEs) have been linked with field observations and geographic modeling. VGEs enable researchers in various fields to collaboratively perform computer-aided geographic experiments. This study proposes a collaborative environment to conduct a virtual flood experiment that integrates cellular automata and dynamic observations. Some of the key techniques, including a cellular automata flood modeling method, a real-time parameter similarity evaluation method, and a collaborative visualization and operation method, are explored. The proposed techniques are tested with a prototype system as part of a flood simulation case study of the Hunhe River in Liaoning Province. We conclude that a virtual experiment environment can provide effective technical support for flood research.

Distribution of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and HBCD in sediments of the Hunhe River in Northeast China.

Forty surface sediment samples from the Hunhe River in Northeast China were evaluated for contamination by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). The results showed that decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) was the predominant congener, accounting for >98 % of PBDEs in all sediment. The concentrations of BDE-209 and HBCD ranged from 3.96 to 327 ng/g dry weight and 0.05 to 25.8 ng/g dry weight, respectively, suggesting that BDE-209 was more widely applied in the study area. The mean concentrations of BDE-209 and HBCD in the downstream portion of the Hunhe River (BDE-209 148 ng/g dry weight and HBCD 3.74 ng/g dry weight) were found to be relatively higher than those in the upstream portion of the Hunhe River and the Dahuofang Reservoir, revealing an association with municipal sewage and industrial effluent received from the cities of Fushun and Shenyang. γ-HBCD was the most abundant diastereoisomer of all three analyzed HBCD isomers; however, marked elevations of α-HBCD were also found in most sediment samples. Surprisingly, the relative abundance (mean 38%) of α-HBCD in sediment from the upstream portion of the Hunhe River was significantly higher (p < 0.006, t test) than those in Dahuofang Reservoir (mean 24%). Moreover, the severe heavy metal contamination associated with the frequent mining activities in this region was tentatively suggested as being responsible for the increased levels of α-HBCD.

Real-time flood simulations using CA model driven by dynamic observation data

It is difficult to obtain accurate simulation results without observation data. So using real-time dynamic observation data in the simulation process has become an academic frontier of international research. This paper is a probing research on the data-driven adaptive modeling and automatic refactoring methods of flood routing simulation. A cellular automata (CA) data-driven flooding model was developed using the Hunhe River in Shenyang City as a case study. The proposed model can increase the accuracy of simulations by calculating differences in the water stages using high temporal resolution observational data. Meanwhile, corresponding parameter analysis was carried out based on the proposed CA model and the best lagging time between simulation and observation was discussed.

浑河河水及其沿岸地下水污染特征

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 浑河河水及其沿岸地下水污染特征 DOI: 10.5846/stxb201306171723 作者: 作者单位: 沈阳地质矿产研究所,沈阳地质矿产研究所,沈阳地质矿产研究所 作者简介: 通讯作者: 中图分类号: P641；X523 基金项目: 中国地质调查局地质调查资助项目（1212010913004） Contamination characteristics in surface water and coastal groundwater of Hunhe River Author: Affiliation: Shenyang Institute of Geology Mineral Resources,Shenyang Institute of Geology Mineral Resources,Shenyang Institute of Geology Mineral Resources Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:选择沈阳地区重要河流浑河及其沿岸地下水进行定量分析，研究并探讨了包括无机物和有机物在内的水质综合污染特征。结果表明，浑河河水中氨氮、硝氮、亚硝氮和酚超过了地表水环境质量标准，最大超标倍数分别为15.8、1.5、82.4和1.8倍，检测出的11种卤代烃、氯苯和六六六等有机物均未超标。浑河沿岸地下水中氨氮、硝氮、亚硝氮、化学需氧量、酚和铅超过地下水质量标准，超标率分别为31.6%、10.5%、26.3%、36.8%、47.4%和26.8%，检测出的4种卤代烃和六六六等有机物均未超标。河水及其沿岸地下水中的污染物，尤其是有机污染物种类和浓度高值基本出现在城西的谟家-大祝断面之间。浑河水质主要受城市工业废水、居民生活污水排放的影响，沿岸地下水的污染来源包括工业生产或农村居民生活造成的地表污染物垂直入渗式的点源污染、浑河水侧向渗透补给式的线源污染以及农药化肥使用产生的面源污染，而有机污染物主要通过点源污染地下水。浑河各区段的使用功能、包气带岩性及沿岸水源地开采井布局等因素都为受污染的河水对沿岸几百米范围内的浅层地下水的补给提供了条件，造成浅层地下水的污染，对当地生态系统及人类健康构成潜在威胁。 Abstract:The pollution characteristics of Hunhe River and its costal groundwater were investigated which included inorganic and organic index. The results indicate that concentrations of ammonia, nitrate, nitrite and phenol in Hunhe River exceeded the National Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water, and the maximum exceed multiple was 15.8, 1.5, 82.4 and 1.8, respectively. Ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, COD, Pb and phenol in coastal groundwater of Hunhe River exceeded the Environmental Quality Standard for Groundwater and the exceed ratio were 31.6%, 10.5%, 26.3%, 36.8%, 47.4% and 26.8%, respectively. But organic matters which were detected in the river and coastal groundwater such as chlorobenzene and benzex didn't exceed the standard. The pollutants especially organic pollutants were various and high-concentration from Mo jia-Da zhu section. The surface water quality was mainly affected by the city industrial wastewater and domestic sewage. The pollution in coastal groundwater was due to point source pollution vertical infiltrating caused by industrial production or rural residents activities, line source pollution by lateral infiltration recharged from river and non-point source pollution owing to the use of pesticide and fertilizer. Thereinto, organic pollution of groundwater was mainly on account of point source pollution. Some factors such as river using function, vadose zone lithology and layout of exploitation well along the river made pollutant transportation from the polluted river to shallow coastal groundwater within a few hundred meters which poses a great potential threat to ecosystem and local population. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

A Comparative Study on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentration Characteristics of Twelve Riparian Zone Species from Upstream of Hunhe River

On upstream of Hunhe River, the riparian zone and water quality has been impacted by increasing anthropogenic activities. Nitrogen and phosphorus run‐off the river, has led to eutrophication. In this study, total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations were measured from different tissues (roots, stems and leaves) of twelve plants from the upstream riparian zone of the Hunhe River. The TN concentration ranged between 6.45 and 39.94 mg/g, while the TP range was 2.77–9.20 mg/g. A positive correlation of r2 = 0.5157, p &lt; 0.05 was recorded between N/P ratios and TN. This showed that plants growth was limited by N according to the “law of the minimum”. The concentrations of TN and TP in leaves were significantly higher than that in roots and stems. There were significant differences among life forms (tree, shrub, and herb) with respect to TP and N/P ratios. The data provided a theoretical guidance to plant species screening for the riparian zone restoration in purpose of the water quality improvement in the Hunhe River.

The present situation and evaluation of nitrate pollution in soil in a regional aeration zone: using the proluvial fan agriculture irrigation district of Hunhe River in northeast China as an example

The nitrate concentration in groundwater is associated with the nitrate content in soil. However, nitrate is not in the current list of soil security standards, which makes it difficult to study nitrate pollution in soil. Because the nitrate content in the soil may affect human and ecological health, the evaluation of nitrate pollution in the soil and its current situation are both particularly important. In this study, the background value of nitrate in soil in the proluvial fan agriculture irrigation district of Hunhe River in northeast China was estimated by analyzing the factors influencing the vertical and horizontal, spatial distribution characteristics of soil nitrate. Evaluation and analysis were also carried out on the pollution of soil by nitrate using the single factor index evaluation method along with the Nermero pollution index evaluation method. Results of the study showed that the estimated background value of soil nitrate in this area was 2.58 mg/kg, and the soil was moderately polluted by nitrate.

Evaluation and Analysis of Water Quality at the Dahuofang Reservoir Based on the Fuzzy Evaluation and Analytical Hierarchy Process

Based on the fuzzy mathematics and analytical hierarchy process (AHP), the water quality was evaluated and analyzed according to 7 water pollution factors in 7 monitoring sections at the Dahuofang Reservoir which reflected the water quality at reservoir inflow, in reservoir area, and at reservoir outflow. The results show that: In 2010, the Dahuofang Reservoir was mainly polluted by nitrogen/phosphorus nutrient salts. Among the reservoir inflow, the Hunhe River was the most polluted. The water quality in reservoir area was mainly of Class II; the water quality at reservoir outflow was also of Class II, and was safe and reliable. According to the change of water quality monitoring value at three sections of Hunhe River (#73, #37 and #7) from 2005 - 2010, the pollution in the reservoir area had been effectively controlled, and the water quality in the reservoir area had been steadily improved.

Spatial variations and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in surface sediments on the upper reaches of Hun River, Northeast China

The distribution, accumulation, and ecological risk of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, Ni, Cr, and As) in the surface sediment were investigated in the upper reaches of Hunhe River, Northeast China. Sediment samples from 51 points throughout the upper reaches of Hunhe River were collected and measured for heavy metal concentrations, TN content, and TP content. Results showed that heavy metal concentrations at the vicinity of mines and towns were higher than those at other locations. According to sediment quality guidelines (SQGs), Cd and Zn were enriched in the sediments. The correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted to assess the heavy metal sources. Close correlations between metal distribution and TP indicated that the sediments may be affected by application of phosphate fertilizer. Elements, Cu, Cd, Pb, Zn, and As, were grouped together, reflecting they were released from the same sources. PCA suggested that their primary sources were anthropogenic, namely mining and extensive use of fertilizers. Therefore, heavy metal pollution due to mining and agricultural intensification in the upper Hunhe River basin should be taken into account during the formation of regional management strategies for the water environment.

Analysis on Composition and Pattern of Agricultural Nonpoint Source Pollution in Liaohe River Basin, China

The composition and spatial pattern of agricultural non-point source (NPS) pollution was studied in Liaohe River basin which is representative of areas of intensive NPS pollution in Northeast China. Selecting COD and ammonia nitrogen as the major pollutants, the export coefficient method and GIS spatial analysis methods were utilized to analyze the component composition and spatial distribution characteristics of NPS pollution in Liao River basin. The results showed that farmland runoff was the most significant source for the agricultural NPS pollution in the study area. Over 60 percents of the pollution loading was distributed in the Liaohe River mainstream area, and the pollution intensities were stronger in Hunhe River downstream and Liaohe River stem downstream plain sub-basins in Central- Western Liaoning province than in Hunhe River upstream and Taizihe hilly sub-basins in eastern Liaoning province.

Assessment and prioritization of eco‐revetment projects in urban rivers

AbstractEcological revetment for slope protection in urban rivers requires consideration of economic and ecological aspects and also of social aspects including recreation. Taking the Hunhe River as an example, our study established an evaluation system and a decision‐making method for evaluating and prioritizing the eco‐revetment projects. The Delphi method was used for collecting the opinions of experts, which include the relative importance of the indicators and the relative preference of the alternatives. The former was surveyed by pair comparison and processed applied analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The latter was described via linguistic variables, which need to be changed into the quantitative values for TOPSIS analysis. For that reason, we introduced the fuzzy set theory and established a fuzzy multi‐attribute decision‐making method based on TOPSIS to assess and prioritize the projects. The evaluation system includes economic, social, environment and ecological several aspects totalling eight indicators. The evaluating and prioritizing result of the projects shows that the three‐dimensional vegetation net is the best slope protection measures in the study area. The sensitivity analyses of indicator weights and different calculation methods were performed to demonstrate the reliability of the results. The sensitivity analyses indicate that construction cost and maintenance cost are dominant factors during the alternatives prioritization. The distance calculation method and normalization technique are insensitive to the prioritization results. The methodology proposed by this paper offers an effective and feasible tool for managers to evaluate and choose the optimal engineering measures of riverbank protection. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.

A Study on the Unprecedented Type of Dolmens in Hunhe River

A Study on the Unprecedented Type of Dolmens in Hunhe River

Monitoring and Assessment of Persistent Organochlorine Residues in Sediments from the Daliaohe River Watershed, Northeast of China

Surface sediment samples from 12 sites of the three selected rivers in Daliaohe River watershed (Hunhe River, Taizihe River and Daliaohe River) were analyzed with the objective of establishing sources and hazard of the organochlorinae pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCBs) in surface sediments. The total concentrations of OCPs varied from 3.06 to 23.24 ng g(-1). SigmaHCH (alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, delta-HCH, gamma-HCH), SigmaDDT (p, p'-DDE, p, p'-DDD, o, p'-DDT, p, p'-DDT) and SigmaCyclodiene (Heptachlor, Aldrin, Heptachlor epoxide, Dieldrin, Endrin) ranged from 1.86 to 21.48, 0.5 to 2.81 and 0.56 to 1.53 ng g(-1), respectively. Results of OCPs also illustrate that the most dominant pollutants among the OCPs was SigmaHCH, and gamma-HCH was the most dominant isomer in HCH, which was evidence of recent input of lindane. It possibly came from the runoff of polluted soils and long-scale transportation. Total PCB concentrations ranged between 1.88 and 16.88 ng g(-1). The peak concentrations of PCBs were found in sediments from station T5 and D3, which are in the vicinity of industrial areas and ferry, respectively. These data show a moderate level of OCPs and PCBs contaminations compared to that in other countries.

Spatial heterogeneity of DTPA-extractable zinc in cultivated soils induced by city pollution and land use

The spatial heterogeneity of DTPA-extractable zinc in the cultivated soils of Shenyang suburbs in Liaoning Province of China was investigated, and its map was drawn by the methods of geostatistics combined with geographic information system. The data of soil DTPA-extractable zinc fitted normal distribution after logarithm transformation, and its semivariogram fitted a spherical model. The semivariogram indicated that the spatial dependence of soil DTPA-extractable zinc content was moderate, with the spatial dependence range of 1.69 km and the fractal dimension of 1.96. Stochastic factors contributed to 49.9% of the spatial variability, while structural factors contributed to 50.1% of it. The spatial heterogeneity of soil DTPA-extractable zinc shown by a kriged interpolation map was deeply influenced by stochastic factors such as city pollution, land use pattern and crop distributions. For example, the average content of Zn in vegetable garden soils was 2.5-4 times as much as in their originated soils, and was lower in paddy soils than in their originated soils. The areas with a higher content of soil DTPA-extractable zinc appeared in the near suburbs and the riverside along Hunhe River and the wastewater drainage of Xihe River, and the extremely high values in the near suburb of the city's residential area were a striking feature, indicating the key role of city pollution in the spatial heterogeneity of soil DTPA-extractable zinc. When recorded in the form of a soil pollution map, the results of such a survey make it possible to identify the unusually polluted areas, and to provide more information for precise agriculture and environmental control.

Modified method for extraction of watershed boundary with digital elevation modeling

Boundary extraction of watershed is an important step in forest landscape research. The boundary of the upriver watershed of the Hunhe River in the sub-alpine Qingyuan County of eastern Liaoning Province, China was extracted by digital elevation modeling (DEM) data in Arclnfo8.1. Remote sensing image of the corresponding region was applied to help modify its copy according to Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM) image’s profuse geomorphological structure information. Both the DEM-dependent boundary and modified copy were overlapped with county map and drainage network map to visually check the effects of result. Overlap of county map suggested a nice extraction of the boundary line since the two layers matched precisely, which indicated the DEM-dependent boundary by program was effective and precise. Further upload of drainage network showed discrepancies between the boundary and the drainage network. Altogether, there were three sections of the extraction result that needed to correct. Compared with this extraction boundary, the modified boundary had a better match to the drainage network as well as to the county map. Comprehensive analysis demonstrated that the program extraction has generally fine precision in position and excels the digitized result by hand. The errors of the DEM-dependant extraction are due to the fact that it is difficult for program to recognize sections of complex landform especially altered by human activities, but these errors are discernable and adjustable because the spatial resolution of ETM image is less than that of DEM. This study result proved that application of remote sensing information could help obtain better result when DEM method is used in extraction of watershed boundary.