Human Need Research Articles

Green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for spent caustic recovery: Adsorbent characterization and process optimization using I-optimal method

Clean and potable water is a basic human need for survival on Earth. Among the available water sources, wastewater has become increasingly valuable. However, certain types of wastewaters, such as spent caustic, are considered highly polluted and pose significant environmental hazards, making their proper treatment imperative. To address this issue, the present study focuses on developing a cost-effective and environmentally friendly solution using a ZnO nanocomposite synthesized with Iranian green tea as an adsorbent for sulfide adsorption from spent caustic wastewater. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various analytical tools, including XRD, FTIR, FE-SEM, PSA, and EDX. The experiments were designed using Design Expert software to examine the impact of initial concentration, nanoparticle loading, initial pH, and time, leading to the determination of the optimum conditions. The optimized parameters for spent caustic recovery with spherical ZnO nanoparticles, obtained through the I-optimal method, were a nanoparticle loading of 0.37 wt%, an initial concentration of 777.5 ppm, a reaction time of 14.33 min, and a pH of 9.85, resulting in a remarkable 97% sulfide elimination. The adsorption isotherm and kinetics data indicated that the pseudo-second-order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm models were well-suited for sulfide elimination. Additionally, the ZnO nanoparticles exhibited the advantage of recyclability, maintaining up to 65% of their adsorption efficiency over five cycles. Consequently, the implementation of ZnO nanoparticles emerges as a promising and effective strategy for removing sulfide from spent caustic wastewater.

Desire for a sense of power and religious suicide in psychobiographical research: combining personality and sociocultural theories

The article presents two theoretical perspectives that provide a helpful framework in psychobiographical research, especially when psychobiographies concern religious suicide. The first is typical in contemporary psychology, a subjective analysis focused on the individual, looking at life course/lifetime in the light of personality psychology. The second one is represented by anthropological research on the concept of honour-shame and the sociological works of E. Durkheim. Contemporary psychobiography should consider sociocultural context and refer to social sciences (anthropology, sociology). This applies in particular to the psychobiographies of people representing a world of values different from the Western world, i.e. non-WEIRD people. The problem is especially true of monotheistic religions that grew up in the world of honour-shame cultural code (Middle East, Mediterranean culture). The natural human need for psychological power is then woven into a specific set of beliefs and values that may, in extreme cases, favour the decision to commit suicide. Suicide acts seen in this perspective are no longer the act of sick or socially alienated people but often the act of fully healthy, conscious, educated and socially integrated people. Such a dramatic decision may become the only way to regain a sense of dignity, strength and control.

Food access in Kalamazoo, Michigan: A spatial analysis

Healthy and affordable food is a universal human need. In the U.S., food access is often limited in low-income areas as opposed to medium- and high-income areas. To address disparities in the availability of healthy foods, the dispersion of food access points needs to be quantified and docu­mented. Nutritional quality and consistency of availability vary across different types of food access points, including permanent grocery stores, farmers markets, community gardens, food pan­tries, and convenience stores. Accessibility is also determined by the means of transportation avail­able or required to get to food access points (public transit, driving, or walking). In this geographic information systems (GIS)-based analysis, we iden­tify differences in accessibility to distinct types of food access points—reliable, seasonal, and lower quality—between low-income and higher-income tracts in the City of Kalamazoo, Michigan. We found that all full-service grocery stores are acces­sible via bus routes in the City of Kalamazoo; however, 11% of people reside in low-income areas with low access to these grocery stores—beyond the 0.25-mile walkable distance to bus routes. We then asked whether the addition of community gardens, food pantries, and farmers markets, on the “plus” side, or convenience and dollar stores, on the “minus” side, changes the food access landscape in this community. We found that the “positive” access points served areas that already had access to grocers, while “negative” access points filled the access gap in lower income areas. More than twice as many low-income residents had walkable access to convenience stores—which provide lower-quality and highly processed food—with 81% of them being located within low-income tracts. Geographical analysis of low food access and low-quality food access is important to identify structural patterns, but it needs to be paired with interview-based community assessments to ascertain how residents actually procure their food.

Synthesis of queuine by colonic gut microbiome via cross‐feeding

AbstractQueuine (Que) is an essential micronutrient, and its deficiency will lead to errors in tRNA modification and protein misfold, further to diseases. Meanwhile, the content of Que in food will be further reduced due to the modern planting pattern and processing. In this study, an idea, synthetic biology of gut microbiome, was introduced to meet people's demand for Que. Further, various food can be used as a media for promoting the growth of synthetic biology of flora and the concentrations of Que. Through this research, gut bacteria (Escherichia coli K12, Bacteroides fragilis ATCC25285, and Lactobacillus reuteri DSM20058) with abilities of Que independent synthesis in vitro were selected, and higher productivity of Que was fulfilled through the above three strains cocultivation via cross‐feeding. Moreover, the effect of Que on the structure of microbiome was also studied, in order to figure out the continuous synthesis of Que by this coculture system in colonic situation. Que could enhance bacterial α‐diversity, increase the abundance of Limosilactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Lactobacillus, while decrease the abundance of Eschi‐Shigella. Three bacteria combination intervention changed intestinal microbial composition, and distribution of enzymes transglycozyme, QueA, and QueG that involved in last three steps of Que synthesis in microorganisms was significantly changed. These results provide an experimental basis for colonic synthesis of Que via food intervention to solve the deficiency Que in human body. Here, we regard gut microbes as a fermentation system in human body, providing a constant supply of tiny but important substance that humans need.

Effect of Peanut Addition (Arachis hypogea) On Organoleptic Properties, Nutritional Value, and AcceptabilitySnack Peanbars for Pregnant Women in the Working Area

Background: Snack bars, which are rectangular and contain all the nutrients humans need, can be a great option to meet the nutritional needs of pregnant women because pregnant women need a balanced and nutrient-rich intake to meet the needs of the fetus and mother. One of the most common health problems in developing countries is malnutrition among pregnant women. One of the efforts to be made is to improve the nutritional status of pregnant women by providing local food-based snacks, namelysnack peanbars.Research Methods: In this study, experiments were conducted using a completely randomized design (CRD), consisting of five treatment levels, by collecting data on organoleptic properties, data on nutrient values, and data on acceptability. Organoleptic quality was analyzed by hedonic test while the nutrient content (moisture content, ash content, protein content, fat content, and carbohydrate content) was tested in the laboratory Research Result: The results showed that adding peanuts significantly affected aroma and texture (p<0.05). The selected products are formulationsSnack Peanbars t4 (42 g peanuts) with nutritional content per 100 grams with Energy 407.8 kcal, protein 8.90 grams, fat 12.40 grams, carbohydrates 65.15 grams, water content 13.07 grams, ash content 0.47 grams. While acceptanceSnack Peanbars in pregnant women, namely 90% good acceptance and 10% poor acceptance. Conclusion: The addition of 75% peanuts (42 g) had a significant effect on the texture and aroma parameters (p<0.05), while the color and taste parameters had no significant impact (p>0.05). Snack Peanbars per 100 g contain an energy of 407 kcal, protein 8.9 g, fat 12.4 g, and carbohydrates 65.15 g—acceptability results peanbars in pregnant women with good acceptance of 90% and less acceptance of 10%.

The Intersection of Economic Inequality and Political Conflict in Africa: A Comprehensive Analysis

This study explores the interaction between economic inequality and political conflict in Africa. It investigates the relationship between economic inequality and political conflict in Africa and assesses how political conflicts affect economic inequality. The study also examines the role of political leaders in addressing conflicts in Africa. The study employs a qualitative research method, conducting a systematic literature review to gather and evaluate relevant studies on economic inequality and political conflict in Africa. The study applies the Human Needs theory, developed by John Burton, as a theoretical framework to comprehend the underlying causes of conflicts. This theory highlights unmet fundamental human needs like security, recognition, identity, and livelihood. The findings of the research indicate that economic inequality significantly contributes to political conflict in Africa, and conflicts have adverse effects on the African economy. The study recommends that policymakers in Africa should implement policies promoting economic equality to mitigate conflicts, and political leaders should take proactive measures to resolve conflicts on the continent.

Pengaruh Adanya Podcast Terhadap Kemampuan Berbahasa Indonesia Pada Mahasiswa

With the development of the era, human need for technology is also inseparable. One of them is podcasts. Podcasts are audio files available and broadcast online. The presence of podcasts is a new medium in helping the implementation of education today. However, its influence on students' Indonesian language skills is still a question. Therefore, researchers are trying to find answers through this research. The method used is a questionnaire with a Likert scale as the answer model. Validity testing is done through SPSS and response analysis is done through the results of filling in the Likert scale answers. After the research was carried out, it was found that most of the respondents agreed with the hypothesis that had been proposed by the researcher. Thus, the researcher concluded that the existence of a podcast had an effect on Indonesian language skills.

KEPASTIAN HUKUM TERHADAP PEROLEHAN HAK ATAS TANAH DAN BANGUNAN SEHUBUNGAN DENGAN PERALIHAN DARI OBJEK SEWA GUNA USAHA MENJADI SEWA BELI

Land is a basic human need that is used for various activities. Article 28h paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution recognizes the right of everyone to live in prosperity and live in a good environment. Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution affirms the right of the Indonesian nation to natural resources. The agreement is legally binding on all parties and provides certainty for the resolution of disputes. There are different types of agreements, including lease and purchase.A lease agreement involves an option right for a tenant to purchase goods or extend a lease. There are problems related to the transition of leasing objects into leases that come to litigation. The formulation used in this study is how the process of leasing turned into lease purchase in terms of applicable laws and regulations? And what about legal certainty on the acquisition of land and building rights that change from lease to lease? The theory used in this study is the theory of legal certainty according to Jan Michael Otto. The method used in this study with the type of normative juridical research in the form of legal material literature or secondary data with sources of primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. The research approach that used the approach of legislation, conceptual, analytical and case and collection techniques of legal material is done by identifying and inventorying the rules of positive law, literature books, journals and other sources of legal materials. For legal material analysis techniques carried out with the interpretation of grammatical and systematic laws. The results showed that the context of the transition from leasing to lease purchase, it can be seen that this process involves various parties with agreements that regulate their rights and obligations. Legal certainty in the transition from leasing to lease purchase is a principle that provides clarity and certainty for all parties involved in this transaction. This transition involves a change in the legal status of the right of lease to the right of ownership, which has a significant legal impact. Therefore, the consent and agreement of all parties involved is very important. Special legal regulations are needed regarding the transition from leasing to lease purchase. This regulation should set out in detail the processes, requirements, rights and obligations involved in this transition, so that all parties have clear guidelines

Seven design principles for teaching complex socioscientific issues: the design of a complex systems agent-based disease epidemic model and the application of epistemic practices in high school biology

Historic challenges in the biological sciences, such as the spread of disease and climate change, have created an unprecedented need for humans to engage with scientific information to address societal problems. However, understanding these socioscientific issues (SSI) can be hard due to the difficulty of comprehending their complex structures and behaviors, the intentional propagation of misinformation, and an insufficient understanding of the epistemic practices that scientists use to develop relevant knowledge. Education researchers have highlighted additional problems in the way science is taught with a focus mainly on concepts rather than practices, competing curricular mandates, and professional development activities that do not provide usable knowledge. The research reported here follows more than a decade of work using agent-based computational models to support the comprehension and analysis of complex biological systems. Our recent work has aimed to build tools and strategies to support students in decision making about complex SSIs. In this paper, we discuss 7 design challenges and principles that underpin this recent focus. Specifically, we combine agent-based modeling with strategies to develop students’ epistemic performance in high school biology curricula. We then provide a detailed case study of how the 7 design principles were used to create a disease epidemic model and unit anchored in the biology topic of the nature of science. Our goal is to offer a comprehensive set of research-derived design principles that can bridge classroom experiences in biology to applications of SSIs.

How and where does "care" fit within seminal life-course approaches? A narrative review and critical analysis.

To map the concepts of the caring life-course theory that are used in life-course approaches from different disciplines; establish whether there is a common recognition of, or language used, to describe care in those life-course approaches; and identify the role and contribution of care to the life-course literature. This discursive paper uses a narrative review process to explore points of convergence and divergence between life-course approaches and the caring life-course theory. Categories for analysis were developed deductively and inductively, focusing on the constructs of fundamental care, capacity and capability, care network, care transition, care trajectory and care biography. We identified four disciplinary perspectives: (1) life-course sociology; (2) life-course epidemiology; (3) lifespan developmental psychology; and (4) life-course health development. While six core constructs of the caring life-course theory were described, either explicitly or implicitly, in existing life-course approaches, no single approach fully describes the role and contribution of care across the lifespan. Life-course approaches have largely neglected the contribution and role of care in informing the life-course discourse. This review highlights the significance of care beyond traditional healthcare settings and recognizes it as a fundamental human need for well-being and development, which can contribute to existing life-course literature. There is a need to understand care as a complex system and embrace a whole-system, life-course approach to enable nurses and other healthcare professionals to provide high-quality, patient-centred care. Incorporating care within a life-course approach provides opportunities to integrate and deliver care centred around the person, their life transitions, trajectories and care networks, including informal carers and healthcare professionals. Patients or members of the public were not involved in this study as it is a discursive paper based on the relevant literature.

Petrine Failings and Broken Pentangles: Sir Gawain and the Green Knight ’s Chivalric Felix Culpa

Abstract In Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, supernatural testers disrupt both Arthur’s court and the interlocked perfections of the Pentangle, weighing Gawain and finding him wanting. Gawain’s failure, moreover, foregrounds the human need for grace and forgiveness, demonstrating both the impossibility of human perfection and the humanity of imperfections redeemed. This essay explores the semi-typological relationship between Gawain and St Peter, arguing that the likenesses between the Arthurian knight and Christ’s disciple effectively reinforce the poem’s message that failings are inevitable in a post-lapsarian world, but that those errors can yet be mercifully and graciously redeemed. Gawain’s fairy-wrought ‘fall’ from excellence is, it turns out, a happy one – a chivalric felix culpa that makes room for the forgiveness and recovery of knightly failings.

Organizational Strategy in Supporting National Food Security in Pamekasan Regency

Food is a basic human need that must always be satisfied. Getting food is a human right. The Food Security Act also clarifies and strengthens the achievement of food security, achieving food self-sufficiency through food independence, and food security. Today, the spread of foot-and-mouth disease in livestock can cause economic damage, as it reduces meat and milk production and makes animal trade difficult. The aim of this study is to identify strategies implemented by municipalities to support national food security during outbreaks of bovine foot and mouth disease. The type of study is descriptive qualitative, and this study focuses on the strategy of Pamekasa Regency Food Security and Agriculture Service in dealing with outbreaks of bovine foot and mouth disease and outlining the strategies of the government with five indicators namely objectives, environment, direction, action or action and learning. Purposive sampling with observation, interview, and documentation methods is used as a technique to determine informants to obtain information. Data analysis techniques are data reduction, data presentation, and inference. The results of research using indicators of organizational strategy, namely the goal indicator is still not good inequality in providing free vaccinations in each region. The environmental indicator has been running well, but the direction indicator has not been running well because not all farmers know the directions on how to bring in cattle from outside the region. The action indicator has not been maximized in leveling communication, information, and education, and the learning indicator has been running well.

Quadruple Helix Governance As An Effort in Maintaining Food Security Through Islamic Philantrophy

Food is a basic human need that must be fulfilled at any time and plays many important roles in the life of a nation. A nation's capacity to sustain the economic existence of global dynamics can be attributed to the availability of food that can be obtained by many stakeholders. This paper aims to provide a model of food security through Islamic philanthropy with the Quadruple Helix approach, which is the connection between academia, business, the government and the community,which coordinating well with the other. This paper is a qualitativestudy with the method used was literatureresearchthrough a systematic review approach. The findings of this study provided the result that food self-sufficiency cannot be realized without the role of quality and productivity at the core of food self-sufficiency; thus, the government must take a stand and fully support it. Academics had a significant part in the advancement of technology and effective food processing. The businesses had an equally critical role in supplying financing for industrial growth and creating jobs for the local population. In addition, the government, business and community could assist aid in the development and attainment of food self-sufficiency by creating fuctional food systems that will be possible to implement more suitable policies in the context of achieving food self-sufficiency.Keyword: Food Security, Islamic Philanthrophy, Quadruple Helix, Sustainable Development

Development of a PLC Based Automation Cell for Industry

In recent years there is a considerable growth and development of automation mainly in industrial sectors. This technological revolution is quickly reducing the need of humans to operate machines. To reduce cost and increase the production rate every industry tries to invent new technology. Bringing automation in the industrial sector is one of them. Automation in the industrial sector reduces human effort, makes the system smooth and also increases productivity. For this tendency every industry wants to design an automatic production process with minimal amount of cost (MAC). The main purpose of this paper is to give an idea about automatic shrink packaging of the final product and sorting technique which reduces the overall packaging and sorting time and also increases productivity. In this project a PLC based low-cost automation cell will be developed for industry. This automation cell combines two different types of work in one frame. One is shrinking packaging of final products and another one is sorting which is done by measuring the size of the product. The purpose of combining two different types of work in frame is to reduce the overall production time. Pneumatic system introduced here for sorting purpose. This pneumatic system works faster than an electric pusher which finally reduces the sorting time. This pneumatic system is also safe from fire hazard where there is a high chance of fire hazard in electric pusher. Sorting is done here by using a double acting cylinder acting as a pneumatic pusher and this cylinder is controlled by a 5/2 Solenoid valve. Here Sorting is done after finishing the packaging of the final product. To perform different tasks in one frame it will be helpful for industry because both labor cost and time will be reduced as well as increased the production rate of industry. By using the PLC whose model name is Siemens S7-200 and using the Micro-WIN software for making the ladder diagram, the entire system will be controlled. The experimental findings demonstrate that the system has high sorting accuracy, is reliable, and satisfies the design specifications.

Assessing Potable Water Access and Its Implications for Households’ Livelihoods: The Case of Sibi in the Nkwanta North District, Ghana

Despite water being a basic human need, the residents of Sibi in Ghana’s Nkwanta North District struggle to obtain potable water, which negatively influences their livelihoods. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts on households’ livelihoods due to difficulties in accessing potable water and accordingly give policy recommendations. Data were collected through questionnaire surveys, interviews, geographic information systems (GIS), and remote sensing (RS) techniques. Questionnaire surveys were administered to 314 randomly selected household heads. The results indicated that the water sources available in Sibi were not sufficient; the boreholes and public tabs/standpipes in the communities were not dependable for regular access. As a result, households needed to depend on distant streams and dams for water. The households generally spent more than two hours at the water sources to collect water. Evidently, the Sibi residents did not have sufficient access to potable water, which severely affected their livelihoods. It is recommended that government agencies collaborate with related non-governmental organizations (NGOs) to help expand potable water projects in Sibi, Ghana.

Techno-economic optimization and Nox emission reduction through steam injection in gas turbine combustion chamber for waste heat recovery and water production

Considering the persistent human need for electricity and fresh water, cogeneration systems based on the production of these two products have attracted the attention of researchers. This study investigates a cogeneration system of electricity and fresh water based on gas turbine (GT) as the prime mover. The wasted energy of the GT exhaust gases is absorbed by a heat recovery steam generator (HRSG) and supplies the superheat steam required by the steam turbine (ST). In order to produce fresh water, a multi-effect desalination (MED) system is applied. The motive steam required is provided by extracting steam from the ST. In order to reduce the environmental pollution of this cogeneration system, the steam injection method is proposed in the GT's combustion chamber (CC). This system is optimized by a multi-objective optimization tool based on the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The design variables include pressure ratio of compressor (CPR), inlet temperature of gas turbine (TIT), steam injection mass flow rate in the CC, HRSG operating pressure, HRSG evaporator pinch point temperature difference (PPTD), steam pressure of the MED ejector, ejector motive steam flow rate, number of MED effects, and return effect. The goals are to minimize the total cost rate (TCR), which includes the cost of initial investment and maintenance of the system, the cost of consumed fuel, and the cost of disposing of CO and NO pollutants, as well as maximizing the exergy efficiency. In the end, it is observed that the steam injection in the CC leads to the reduction of the mentioned pollutant index, and it is proposed as a suitable solution to reduce the pollution of the proposed cogeneration system.

Netiquette: Fundamentals of Etiquette in Digital Communication

Socialization is an innate human need. The individual finds himself/herself in a social environment as soon as he/she is born. As human beings communicate with those around them, they become aware of the existence of some social regulators such as laws, moral rules, and traditions that regulate the relationships they establish. Among these rules, etiquette rules have a special place. Etiquette rules are the rules of respect and courtesy that should be shown sensitivity in interpersonal relations. Although they do not have legal sanctions such as the rules of law, when the rules of etiquette are violated, the person is shamed, excluded from society, and left alone. Today, in addition to face-to-face communication, there is a very intense socialization on digital platforms. Interpersonal communication evolved into a different internet-based relationship network. The rules called Netiquette, in the simplest definition, are regulations that beautify and protect social relations established through the internet. Digital platforms are not environments where freedoms are experienced unlimitedly and without rules. It should not be forgotten that only the environment is virtual, but the people are real. In other words, the rules of social behavior that regulate our relationships in our daily lives also apply to the communication we establish through the internet. Acting in a manner sensitive to the rules of etiquette when communicating with others over the Internet will further strengthen social relations, while the opposite situation will lead to the termination of existing relationships.

Initiating Interfaith Fiqh in the Modern Era: An Effort to Contextualize Rahmah and Humanist Islam in Digital Space

Abstract: The article reveals the crucial role of contextualizing fiqh as the foundation of Islamic law in addressing contemporary human challenges, with a particular focus on interfaith fiqh. In the modern era when societies are increasingly diverse and interconnected, it is imperative to adapt and advance Islamic legal principles to effectively address current issues and promote harmonious coexistence. This article uses library research as a data collection technique and theory of maslahah to discuss the subject. It argues that fiqh has the capacity to adjust to the demands of the contemporary era. Interreligious fiqh in Indonesia needs to get more attention, which will be a social landmark in the midst of social diversity. In essence, in sharia, Islamic principles promote mutual respect social control, deliberation, peace, pluralism, brotherhood, loving-kindness, equality, fairness, freedom, responsibility and honesty. Efforts that can be taken are: (1) practicing mutual forgiveness, (2) respecting human dignity, (3) being fair and creative in solving problems, and (4) formulating a peaceful civilization with a loving-kindness approach. Because digital space is the second place of socialization and has been a primary need for modern humans, by utilizing such social medias as Instagram, WhatsApp, websites, Facebook and other platforms, this article supports the socialization process of fiqh products which are inclusive, humanist and pluralist.

A review on the effect of nanoparticles/matrix interactions on the battery performance of composite polymer electrolytes

In today's world, one of the significant environmental challenges refers to fossil fuels and energy. According to human daily need for energy, its production and consumption are also undeniable. Therefore, with science progression and knowledge application, renewable and new energies have been introduced. Batteries are mentioned as a one of the significant energy storages devices. Polymeric materials are widely used for battery designing due to their diversity in chemical structure, desirable properties, and modification ability. Battery efficiency, cycle time, charging rate, storage capacity, discharge rate, compatibility, appropriate kinetic strength, and ionic transfer rate are significant challenges for their design. In this field, nanoparticles have been widely used besides polymers for battery development. They affect different properties of polymer-based electrolytes including structural properties beside battery performance. Therefore, there are many research works on introduction of nanoparticles into polymer-based electrolytes to enhance performance of fabricated batteries. Herein, we have reviewed the effect of different nanoparticles on battery performance of polymer-based electrolytes.

Human Needs and Conflicts Experienced in The Film Turning Red By Domee Shi3


 
 
 
 This study analyzes the fulfillment of human needs and the conflicts in fulfilling these needs by the main character in the film Turning Red by Domee Shi. The purpose of this study is to explain how the main character fulfills human needs and to find out the conflicts that occur in fulfilling human needs seen by the main character in the film Turning Red by Domee Shi. Researcher used a psychological approach. Researcher used a qualitative descriptive method. Sources of data in this study are scripts, images and dialogue from the film Turning Red by Domee Shi. In collecting data, researcher used documentation techniques. Then the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. The results of the analysis in this study indicate that researcher found five levels of human needs using Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, namely physiological needs, safety needs, love and belonging needs, self-esteem needs, and self-actualization needs. This study shows that human needs have been fulfilled by the main character in the film Turning Red by Domee Shi. Then, the researcher found three conflicts in fulfilling human needs, especially at the level of self-esteem and self-actualization using Kurt Lewin's conflict theory, namely approach-approach conflict, avoidance-avoidance conflict, and approach-avoidance conflict. This study shows that the main character has resolved conflicts in fulfilling human needs, especially at the level of self-esteem and self-actualization in the film Turning Red by Domee Shi.