Human Need Research Articles

Determinant Factors of Microbial Drinking Water Quality at the Point of Use in Rural Ethiopia: A Case Study of the South Gondar Zone

Access to safe drinking water is a fundamental human need for health and well-being implemented globally by the United Nations under Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6. Storing drinking water is common in rural areas of Ethiopia due to off-premises water sources and intermittent piped water supply. However, this practice can lead to further contamination during collection, transport, and storage, posing a risk to public health. The objective of this study was to identify the determinant factors of drinking water quality at the point of use in the rural setting of northwestern Ethiopia, South Gondar zone. A questionnaire survey was conducted, and water samples from 720 households were collected during the wet and dry seasons. The determinant factors were identified using the multivariable logistic regression model. About 39.2% of the surveyed households had basic water supply services, 41.9% were using unimproved sources, and 8.3% were using surface water. Only 9.4% were using basic sanitation services, and 57.2% were practicing open defecation. Safe water storage was practiced by 84.3% of households, while only 2% engaged in household water treatment. About 14% of dry and 8% of wet season samples from the storage were free from fecal coliform bacteria. Furthermore, 52.9% of dry and 62.2% of wet season samples fell under the high microbial health risk category. The season of the year, the water source type, storage washing methods, and the socioeconomic status of the household were identified as key predictors of household drinking water fecal contamination using the multivariable logistic regression model. It was observed that the drinking water in households had a high load of fecal contamination, posing health risks to consumers. To tackle these problems, our study recommends that stakeholders should enhance access to improved water sources, implement source-level water treatment, increase access to improved sanitation facilities, advocate for safe household water management practices, and endorse household water treatment methods.

The Quality of Life of Residents Migrating from The Mainland to The Islands: Case Study of Bach Long VI Island, Vietnam

The purpose of this article was to identify the factors that influenced the quality of residents’ life in Bach Long Vi island, Vietnam. Survey data were collected from 63 households per total 150 household on Bach Long Vi Island, Vietnam. The research model was proposed from the studies of Quality of life (QOL). QOL is proposed as a multi-scale, multi-dimensional concept that contains interacting objective and subjective elements. The article relates QOL to the opportunities that are provided to meet human need in form of material well-being, community well-being, emotional well-being and health and safety well-being. Issues related to defining, measuring, and scaling those concepts are discussed. Policy implication will be showed to give conditions for maximizing QOL at individual and community in that island and all similar islands in Vietnam.

AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD SECURITY COOPERATION AS A PATHWAY TO PEACE AND RECONCILIATION BETWEEN COUNTRIES

Peace and ways to achieve it have always been among the most important concerns of mankind. The age of war and peace is tied to human history. Food has been a human need since the beginning, and agriculture and food production have been integral throughout human history. There have been many wars over food, food resources, and agriculture. However, the question addressed in this article is how to make food and agriculture a means to achieve peace. This has happened in the past, either after improving relationships between countries from enmity to friendship or, more rarely, during a time of transformation. There is still the possibility that this approach could become a component of peace agreements, making them stronger. Considering that no two cases are ever completely similar in historical events and human sciences, it is possible to propose a new theory or suggestion by examining the most correlations.

Improving Housing Sustainability Through an Innovative Approach

The need for housing has always been a concern for societies throughout history, and for a long time, providing suitable housing has been a challenge not only for individuals but also for governments. Housing is a fundamental human need; however, access remains a significant challenge, especially for low-income families. Rapid urbanization exacerbates this issue and highlights the need for innovative and sustainable housing strategies that can support urban growth and improve living conditions for these families. This literature review examines housing strategies such as mixed-use developments, incremental housing, low-rent housing, retrofitting, micro-housing, co-housing, and green building through a comprehensive literature search and thematic analysis to address housing challenges comprehensively. The findings suggest that these strategies can significantly enhance spatial equity and promote sustainable urban development. This paper contributes to the existing body of knowledge by providing practical recommendations for policymakers, urban planners, and housing advocates, aiming to strengthen inclusive, equitable, and sustainable cities. The study emphasizes that appropriate design techniques, new materials, and technologies not only increase housing sustainability but also enhance affordability by reducing life cycle costs. This research establishes the link between sustainability and affordability in housing design and offers insights that can be adapted and applied in other areas with low-income groups.

The Influence Of Promotion, Customer Experience And Word Of Mouth On Purchasing Decisions At Boss Café Bayangkara Medan

The restaurant business in Indonesia has always been dominated by foreign market share. Without looking far, busy centers such as malls, for example, are currently filled with restaurants from western countries or China. Starting from fast food restaurants to restaurants that provide full course menus. The population continues to increase, meaning the level of human need for food also continues to increase. Especially in the restaurant sector, it is currently showing very good development and is a business prospect that is progressing rapidly and increasing. The aim of this research is to find out whether promotions partially have a significant effect on purchasing decisions at Boss Cafe Bhayangkara, as well as knowing the influence of Customer Experience on purchasing decisions, and knowing simultaneously on Word of Mouth and the existence of Promotions in Customer Experience, Word of Mouth which has an influence on purchasing decisions at Boss Café Bhayangkara. In this research method, it is quantitative. The population in this research is all Boss Café Bhayangkara customers. The sampling technique is based on criteria (considerations). The sample parameters are: All Boss Café Bhayangkara customers, all Boss Café Bhayangkara customers came back using the Zikmund formula to reduce the sample size, so the sample in this study was 96 people and rounded up to 100 people. The results obtained from this research show that: 1) Promotion, 2) Customer Experience, 3) Wort of Mouth, 4) Purchase decisions. Basically, it shows how far the influence of an independent variable individually is in explaining the dependent variable.

Affiliation in times of pandemics: Determinants and consequences.

Affiliation is a basic human need, especially during difficult times. To what extent did the need to affiliate limit our capacity to abide by health guidelines, in particular regarding social distancing, during the COVID-19 pandemic? We investigated this issue using questionnaire data from two samples of the French population collected during the first French lockdown (April-May 2020). We found that in men, higher social comparison orientation (sensitivity to the needs of others and inclination to help) and higher perceived threat increased the frequency of reported affiliative activities. At the same time, men's reported affiliative activities were associated with a lower reported intention to abide by lockdown and protective measures and lower levels of reported compliance. This pattern was not found in women. The women in our samples, as has been observed elsewhere, were largely compliant, potentially precluding any effects of affiliative needs. Basic though they may seem, affiliative needs and reported affiliative activities may have played a significant role in the implementation of sanitary guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Moral equality and reprogenetic autonomy in the genomic era.

In this paper, I question the argument from human dignity found in the Universal Declaration on the Human Genome and Human Rights (UDHGHR) and in the recent views of the International Bioethics Committee (IBC). I focus on what this argument says about the permissibility of two broad categories of reprogenetic choices that may be available to prospective parents in the genomic era. The argument from human dignity holds that non-medical genetic selection and somatic enhancements ought to be prohibited because they violate the principle of human dignity. I argue that human dignity need not be violated by the enterprise of human genetic selection/somatic enhancement if reasonable social safeguards are established. In particular, I argue that respecting the reprogenetic choices of the decision-maker is paramount within the boundaries of (i) prohibiting the infliction of a shortened lifespan or pain upon the child; (ii) prohibiting the actualization of demeaning beliefs or intentions such as viewing certain groups as inferior; (iii) prohibiting the choice resulting from an expression of unwillingness to love and care for the child; and, with respect to somatic gene enhancements in particular, (iv) the potentially unjustified effects of the enhancement on others, if any, are reasonably addressable (and addressed) via social modifications so as to ensure the enhancement no longer risks adversely affecting them. With these limits, reprogenetic autonomy cannot be said to undermine the dignity of humans by creating unjustified harms or expressing demeaning ideas.

Outdoor stays-A basic human need except for older adults in residential care facilities? Researcher-practitioner interaction crosses zones and shows the way out.

The aim of this discussion paper is to show the way to the outdoors by shedding light on conditions in the physical environment enabling outdoor stays for older adults living in residential care facilities (RCFs). The origin was that outdoor stays is a basic human need and applies to everyone. However, despite extensive research on the health-promoting values of contact with the outdoors, it seems that for older adults in RCFs this is not met because they often have difficulty getting outdoors on their own. Therefore, the access to and the conditions of outdoor environments are discussed and exemplified through two cases based on evidence-based approaches, namely the principal model of four zones of contact with the outdoors, and the Swedish version of the Sheffield Care Environment Assessment Matrix (S-SCEAM). An interdisciplinary team, including both researchers and practitioners highlights future directions by showing the way to the outdoors on a national level with six suggested points. As a reader, you will gain increased knowledge about environmental qualities that support outdoor stays as well as initiatives that are needed to achieve equal conditions related to outdoor stays in RCFs.

EMPIRICAL INDICATORS FOR CONSTRUCTING SOFTWARE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE SYSTEMATIZATION OF NURSING CARE IN ASSISTED REPRODUCTION

Infertility is defined as the inability to develop a successful pregnancy through sexual intercourse or artificial insemination within a period of 12 months or more. Nursing is involved in the implementation of assisted reproduction treatments. In this sense, the use of software provides support in the documentation of the actions that govern care, in addition to assisting in the elaboration of clinical judgment, which can result in better quality care. Thus, the objective was to identify the empirical indicators of women undergoing assisted reproduction techniques in order to structure a support software for the Systematization of Nursing Care for these women. This is a methodological research through the identification of empirical indicators related to women undergoing Assisted Reproduction techniques. As a result, a sample of 40 articles was obtained, from which 166 indicators were extracted. A total of 166 empirical indicators were obtained, of which 74 represented psychobiological needs, 88 psychosocial needs and 4 IES psychospiritual needs. Therefore, from the identification of altered empirical indicators of women undergoing assisted reproduction techniques in light of the theory of Basic Human Needs, it will be possible to develop valid software for Systematization of Nursing Care for women undergoing assisted reproduction techniques.

SONIC EQUITY

SONIC EQUITY This exposition investigates questions of inclusion, equity, and decolonisation through the central voice of the Brazilian berimbau. Drawing on the approaches of artistic research, musical case studies are employed to investigate the core concepts, including the solo berimbau work of Adriano Adewale, as well as duo dialogues between Adriano Adewale on berimbau and Nathan Riki Thomson on double bass, seen through the conceptual lens of third space. Findings emerge in terms of uncovering and reimagining the unique, experimental sonic possibilities of the berimbau and the ways they can be utilized for artistic expression in both solo and duo playing. Through shining a light on the unique possibilities of the berimbau, questions arise in terms of why this instrument and its interconnected traditions have not been given equal space and value within higher music education, highlighting the need for institutions to continually reassess their policies through the lens of decolonisation. The artistic investigations further reveal issues related to the need for equity in music and music education, pointing towards a decolonised future where marginalized instruments such as the berimbau are given space and valued equally alongside all forms of musical expression. This connects back to the fundamental human need to be seen, acknowledged, and valued in our world, which is a commonality we can perhaps all relate to. Key words: berimbau, equity, decolonisation, interculturalism, higher music education, third space.

How Mattering and Anti‐Mattering Experiences Across Offline and Online Environments Contribute to People's Digital Life Balance and Social Media Addiction

ABSTRACTIn today's world, internet use has been evaluated as a factor that tremendously affects people's lives. More recently, evidence has been presented on the role that social‐level factors play in determining the dysfunctional use of new technologies, such as the need for social recognition. This study examines the concept of ‘mattering’ and its counterpart ‘anti‐mattering’ to understand how offline and online social experiences, along with need satisfaction, influence digital life balance and social media addiction. Three hundred participants (78.3% women; Mage = 24.92 years, SD = 7.49) participated in the data collection. This cross‐sectional explorative study revealed that people Satisfied Online (i.e., subjects who satisfy their need to be important only online) are more likely to develop social media addiction and an imbalance between offline and online life than those who are Fully Satisfied, Fully Unsatisfied, and Satisfied Offline based on correlation and ANOVA analyses. In conclusion, the results of this study support the idea that the human need for social connection and social recognition are critical in shaping our relationship with emerging communication technologies, both toward functional and dysfunctional use.

Origin and Development: History of Storytelling

Storytelling has been a fundamental part of human culture for thousands of years, serving as a means for entertainment, education, and preserving cultural traditions. The origins of storytelling can be traced back to ancient civilizations, where oral narratives were used to pass down histories, myths, and legends from one generation to the next. This research paper aims to examine the evolution of storytelling throughout history, exploring how the form and function of stories have adapted to changing social, technological, and cultural landscapes. By drawing upon a comprehensive review of historical records, anthropological studies, and contemporary scholarship, this paper will trace the development of storytelling from its earliest beginnings to the present day, identifying key milestones, influential figures, and significant shifts in the art of narrative. The research suggests that while the mediums and techniques of storytelling have evolved dramatically, from cave paintings to digital platforms, the fundamental human need to share and consume stories has remained constant throughout history, thus reflecting innate desire to make sense of the world and place within it. Through understanding the rich history and enduring significance of storytelling, this paper will provide valuable insights into the human experience and the role of narrative in shaping collective identity and cultural heritage.

Description and Treatment of Type One and Type Two Diabetes

Diabetes is becoming more common as the population ages and people’s quality of life improves. In diabetes mellitus, it is divided into T1D and T2D. Both types of diabetes have great harm to the human body and need to be treated and prevented in time. Two types of diabetes have been well understood in recent years. People can have effective treatment for T1D, so that T1D can be alleviated, and they can clearly know the symptoms of T1D and T2D. People have also discovered the causes of T2D and learned how to alleviate T2D. However, there are still a few things people don’t know about T1D and T2D. As for the cause of T1D, researchers do not have a clear answer so far, most believe that T1D is a genetic disease. As for T2D, people have not yet found a way to cure it. This paper focuses on the etiology, symptoms, and growth of T1D and T2D in recent years. In addition, there is some introduction to the treatment of T1D and T2D. Although people’s understanding of diabetes is much better than before, there are still problems such as the radical cure of T2D and the etiology of T1D that have not been solved, and it is hoped that these problems can be properly solved in future research.

Культура искусственного интеллекта как динамичный инструмент современной ценностной системы

The article examines the performance of artificial intelligence (AI) as a tool of the modern value system. The research material comprises the implementation of substantial humanistic values in the modern public sphere, including the concepts of humanity, life, its duration and quality, health, security, freedom, opportunities for self-realization and self-development, individualization, personalization, collectivism, compassion, and others. The analysis reveals that the culture of AI aligns effectively with these values. It is emphasized that AI serves as a tool for the actualization, development, reinforcement, and transmission of humanistic values to future generations – values that are crucial for the positive evolution of modern society. The paper highlights that AI operates specifically as a tool (both innovative and effective) through which values are realized in response to the needs of the entire society and its individual members. The advancement of AI as a dynamic tool within the modern value system reflects the process of societal humanization and satisfies the human need for the recognition of one’s subjectivity and significance. This study thus contributes to the understanding of AI’s role as not merely a technological advancement, but as an integral facet of the ethical and moral framework shaping modern human interactions and societal structures.

Social connection in long-term care homes: a qualitative study of barriers and facilitators

BackgroundSocial connection is a basic human need and is essential to quality of life. It is associated with better mental and physical health outcomes for long-term care (LTC) home residents and is a key aspect of quality of care and person-centred care. There are considerations for LTC homes that may present obstacles to and opportunities for social connection. It is therefore important to understand what restricts or enables good social connection in LTC homes, to guide better quality care and future interventions in this population. This qualitative study aims to identify barriers and facilitators to social connection for LTC residents.MethodsWe used thematic analysis to describe themes derived from individual and group qualitative interviews from 67 participants (18 residents, 17 staff members and clinicians, 32 family members and friends) recruited from LTC homes in the United Kingdom and Canada.ResultsThemes were grouped into four categories: (1) becoming familiar with life in the LTC home to support social connection; (2) physical and virtual access beyond the LTC home as strategies to maintain contact; (3) getting to know residents to deepen relationships; (4) person-centred approaches to build social connection. ‘Becoming familiar with life in the LTC home to support social connection’ described the benefits of counteracting the institutionalized feel of LTC homes, enabling LTC residents to spend time in meaningful ways, and increasing freedom of mobility around the home. ‘Physical and virtual access beyond the LTC home as strategies to maintain contact’ related to the benefits of outings, providing support with technology, and involving family and friends in LTC home life. ‘Getting to know residents to deepen relationships’ related to the benefits of using routine care and interactions as opportunities for social contact, using family and friend knowledge as a resource, and fostering resident relationships. ‘Person-centred approaches to build social connection’ included considering physical, mental, cognitive, and sensory impairments, accounting for adjustment and sociability, using communal spaces well, and prioritizing psychosocial needs.ConclusionsThis study identifies barriers and facilitators to social connection for LTC residents which can be addressed in care policies, staff selection and training, and can inform policies and interventions to build and maintain social connection in LTC homes.Clinical trial numberclinicaltrials.gov ID NCT05315960.

Pi Class – A Revolutionary Step Forward in Hybrid Class Management System

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused widespread disruptions globally, resulting in a state of health emergency with numerous deaths reported and an overall implementation of quarantine and isolation. Strict lockdowns have been implemented to curb the spread of the virus, requiring social distancing and limiting physical interactions. These measures had far-reaching impacts on all aspects of life, including education. Education was one of the most affected sectors, with difficulty delivering quality education in schools, colleges, and universities. It was hard to provide quality education, a basic need of humanity. In this research paper, we propose an adequate solution to overcome the difficulties of maintaining educational quality during and after the COVID-19 pandemic and its multiple variants. The proposed solution is a hybrid model for an autonomous lecture recording system that facilitates students to attend physical classes and attend lectures virtually. The solution proposed is a cost-effective and convenient way for students to access lectures. The application involves hardware and software components that record and preserve lectures' audio and visual aspects. The system will allow lectures to be delivered directly to the students' devices. The major modules of the project include Python scripting, model training, UI/UX design, and app development.

2022 개정 특수교육 기본교육과정 사회과 내 인권교육 관련 성취기준 분석

Objectives The purpose of this study is to analyze the social studies achievement standards of the 2022 revised basic curriculum of special education by content elements of human rights education to check the current status of each school level and human rights education area, and to suggest the direction of human rights education in special education. Methods In this study, the social studies achievement standards of the 2022 special education basic curriculum were analyzed using the analysis framework of previous studies related to human rights education. In addition, in order to confirm the reliability and validity of the analysis results, the reliability between analysts and the validity of the expert content were implemented. Results Elementary school showed the highest frequency, and middle and high school showed the highest frequency of I. respect for human rights in the major area, and I-3. Human rights values and attitudes in the sub-area showed a very high percentage. The analysis results of human rights education by grade group showed that in all grade groups, I. respect for human rights showed the highest frequency, and in the sub-area, I-3. Human rights values and attitudes and II-1. Freedom rights showed the highest frequency, while middle and high school levels showed the highest frequency of human rights values and attitudes. Conclusions The conclusions according to the analysis contents are as follows. First, special teachers need to construct a holistic human rights education through curriculum restructuring. Second, the content elements of human rights education need to be sequenced and connected by grade group of the curriculum.

Gamification: characteristics, trends, risks

Digital technologies development stimulates game elements inclusion into culture and different spheres of society. The identification of regularities and specifics of this process became the purpose of the study. The research methodology was based on the J. Huizing’s “man playing” concept and K. Verbach’s system description of gamification mechanisms. On the basis of these concepts, a grid of typical features of gamification has been compiled and gamification processes in different sociospheres analyzed. The research methods included the emerging gamification practices analysis. Based on the analysis results, trends and risks of implementing the game element into culture have been identified. The complex influence of gamification process on society and culture is manifested by consumers’ demand for interactivity, personal participation, and involvement (immersiveness) in almost all types of activities. These needs are strengthened under the influence of clip culture, making it easier for individuals to assimilate disparate and fragmented pieces of information. The request for immersiveness is closely related to the human need to be the author of the “text”, to control the plot, to create a plurality of readings (hypertext). It has been shown that gamification stimulates innovation in various areas, leads to the emergence of new products, processes, and services. The main risks of gamification development have been highlighted: hyperorientation to entertainment in areas that traditionally involve effort, and manipulation of people’s behavior in areas related to “shoulds”.

Humanitarianism and the Quantification of Human Needs: Minimal Humanity By Joël Glasman *

Humanitarianism and the Quantification of Human Needs: Minimal Humanity By Joël Glasman *

The VECM implementation for measuring the impact of monetary variables on Indonesia Property Prices Index

The basic human need for housing makes property investment safer than other sectors because demand tends to be stable despite changing economic conditions. The decision to invest is influenced by various aspects, including economic variables, including GDP, property credit growth, non-performing loans (NPLs), interest rates, exchange rates, and money supply, which are then examined for their influence on the Residential Property Price Index (RPPI) in Indonesia through this research using a Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) with quarterly data from 2003 to 2022. The findings show that GDP, interest rates, and money supply have a significant long-term impact on the RPPI. In the short-term, GDP and property credit growth have a negative impact on RPPI, while NPL and exchange rate do not. Causality tests indicate a bidirectional relationship between NPL and GDP with RPPI, with probability values exceeding 0.05. This study provides valuable insights into the monetary factors affecting residential property prices and suggestions for future research. AcknowledgmentThe authors gratefully acknowledge Ahmad Dahlan University for the support and facilities provided in conducting this research. They also greatly appreciate the academic resources that supported the data collection process and careful analysis of our findings. Besides, the authors express their gratitude to Bank Indonesia and Badan Pusat Statistik for their invaluable contribution to the data used in this research.