Human Induced Stem Cells Research Articles

A potential ex vivo infection model of human induced pluripotent stem cell-3D organoids beyond coronavirus disease 2019.

The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak began in the city of Wuhan, whereupon it rapidly spread throughout China and subsequently across the world. Rapid transmission of COVID-19 has caused wide-spread panic. Many established medications have been used to treat the disease symptoms; however, no specific drugs or vaccines have been developed. Organoids derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) may serve as suitable infection models for ex vivo mimicking of the viral life cycle and drug screening. Human iPSC-3D organoids, self-organised tissues with multiple cell environments, have a similar structure and function as real human organs; hence, these organoids allow greater viral infection efficiency, mimic the natural host-virus interactions, and are suitable for long-term experimentation. Here, we suggest the use of a functional human iPSC-organoid that could act as a reliable and feasible ex vivo infection model for investigation of the virus. This approach will provide much needed insight into the underlying molecular dynamics of COVID-19 for the development of novel treatment and prevention strategies.

Highlight Report: Hepatobiliary differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Highlight Report: Hepatobiliary differentiation from human induced pluripotent stem cells.

Brain-on-a-Chip: A Human 3D Model for Clinical Application.

The main goal of this research is to design, develop and implement an efficient protocol to generate 3D neural cultures derived from human induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSCs) coupled to Micro Electrode Arrays (MEA) in order to obtain an engineered and controlled brain-on-a-chip model. The use of patient specific iPSCs may offer novel insights into the pathophysiology of a large variety of disorders, including numerous neurodevelopmental and late-onset neurodegenerative conditions. With these in vitro patient specific models, we may have the possibility to test drugs and find ad hoc therapies in the direction of precision medicine.

Overexpression of microRNA-199b-5p maintains endothelial cells phenotype derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells

Objective MicroRNA-199b-5p (miRNA, miR-199b-5p) overexpression was used to determine the effect of miR-199b-5p overexpression on human induced pluripotent stem cells derived endothelial cell (hiPSC-EC) transdifferentiation. Methods Flow cytometry was used to determine endothelial cell markers (CD31+ , CD34+ ) during hiPSC-EC passges at various time points (P1, P5, P10). The expression level of miR-199b-5p was analyzed by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR) and the endothelial cell markers was measured by flow cytometry at passge 10 after miR-199b-5p overexpression and control lentivirus transduction. Results During passages, hiPSC-EC was detected to have a decreased expression level of CD31and CD34 by flowcytometry, P1 88.69% CD31+ /69.57% CD34+ , P5 68.84% CD31+ /36.90% CD34+ , P10 41.66% CD31+ /19.29% CD34+ and the expression of miR-199b-5p was significantly decreased, hiPSC-ECs overexpressing miR-199b-5p maintained endothelial cell phenotype by demonstrating an increased expression level of CD31 and CD34 as compared to control, miR-199b-5p overexpressing iPSC-ECs P10 74.33% CD31+ /58.56% CD34+ versus control P10 46.30% CD31+ /38.07% CD34+ (F=18.190, P<0.01). Conclusion The expression level of miR-199b-5p was significantly decreased during hiPSC-EC passges and miR-199b-5p overexpression inhibits cell phenotype transition of hiPSCs derived endothelial cells. MiR-199b-5p plays an inhibitory role in iPSC-ECs phenotype transition. Key words: MicroRNA-199b-5p; Induced pluripotent stem cells; Endothelial cells; Phenotype transition

Current advances and future prospects of genome editing technology in the field of biomedicine.

Genome editing technology can alter the genomic sequence at will, contributing the creation of cellular and animal models of human diseases including hereditary disorders and cancers, and the generation of the mutation-corrected human induced pluripotent stem cells for ex vivo regenerative medicine. In addition, novel approaches such as drug development using genome-wide CRISPR screening and cancer suppression using epigenome editing technology, which can change the epigenetic modifications in a site-specific manner, have also been conducted. In this article, I summarize the current advances and future prospects of genome editing technology in the field of biomedicine.

Scalable microcarrier-based stirred culture system for human induced pluripotent stem cell expansion in chemically-defined conditions

272 SCALABLE MICROCARRIER-BASED STIRRED CULTURE SYSTEM FOR HUMAN INDUCED PLURIPOTENT STEM CELL EXPANSION IN CHEMICALLY-DEFINED CONDITIONS SM Badenes, TG Fernandes, A Pusch, S Haupt, C Rodrigues, M Bear, M Hervy, M Diogo, O Brustle, JS Cabral Department of Bioengineering and IBB Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Instituto Superior T ecnico, University of Lisbon, Lisboa, Portugal, Institute of Reconstructive Neurobiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany, LIFE&BRAIN GmbH, Bonn, Germany, CORNING Incorporated, CETC, Avon, France

Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from umbilical cord matrix cells

Objective To generate of human induced pluripotent stem cells from umbilical cord matrix cells(UMC).Methods Sox2 and Klf4 and Oct4 and c-Myc were transfected into UMC cells with retrovirus,and thcn UMC cells was reprogrammed to iPS cells.Gene expression was confirmed with RT -PCR and the integration was confirmed with cell karyotype.iPS cells were further validatcd with cell alkaline phosphatase detection and immunofluorescence staining,differentiating into teratomas in vivo and embryoid bodies in vitro.Results iPS cells were similar to embryonic stem cells (ES).The expression of Nanog,Oct4,Rex1 and Sox2 in iPS cells were higher than UMC cells,and Sox2,Klf4,Oct4,c-Myc silenced in iPS cells.Exogenous genes were inserted into the nucleus of iPS cells,which was confirmed by 1％ agarose gel electrophoresis.iPS ccll karyotype was normal,alkaline phosphatase activity increased,ES cell-specific proteins,including SSEA3,SSEA4,TRA-1-60,TRA-1-81 and Nanog,were expressed.iPS cells were differentiated into a teratoma in vivo and embryoid bodies in vitro.Conclusions iPS cells were similar to ES cells,which had pluripotency. Key words: Umbilical cord/CY; Stromal cells/CY; Multipotent stem cells

Amazonia!: An Online Resource to Google and Visualize Public Human whole Genome Expression Data

Available transcriptome data accumulate in public repositories, individual web pages or as various supplemental data, but these published data cannot be routinely accessed. We have developed the web based tool Amazonia! to overcome this hurdle and provide the possibility to query and to visualize the expression of a given gene in representative and selected human transcriptome datasets. This expression atlas provides expression bar plots for single genes, across samples selected from a wide range of normal tissues and malignancies, including pluripotent stem cells. When produced by the same platform type, datasets were renormalized and combined in order to generate series of several hundreds samples. Samples types are colored and ordered, and grouped in thematic pages for ease of navigation. We also integrated gene lists provided by original publications describing these microarray data, allowing the scientific community to challenge the expression of genes in datasets other than those for which they were initially published. To illustrate the powerfulness of this simple tool, we show how Amazonia! reveals the specific expression of the tight junction protein Claudin 6 in human embryonic stem cells and human induced stem cells (iPS), or the tissue specific expression of some chemokines and their receptors such as CCL16 in liver and CX3CR1 in central nervous system samples. Thus, Amazonia! advantageously complements large public repositories by providing a simple way to query a compilation of selected human transcriptome data. The tool is freely available at http://www.amazonia.transcriptome.eu/