Human Experience Research Articles

Connecting the Health Care Workforce with the Patient Experience.

This article is one in a series from Press Ganey-a health care performance improvement organization-that will discuss the many facets of the human experience in health care. Using the latest national data, the series will explore the intersections of safety, reliability, experience, and service, and their impact on engagement, work culture, and nurse-sensitive outcomes. Each installment will be designed as a "deep dive" into the most recent thinking and evidence-based approaches to improvement of the patient experience with a particular focus on practical and implementable tactics in each of the above subject areas.

A Comprehensive Review of Preclinical Models for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a reproductive, metabolic, and endocrine disorder with unclear aetiology. PCOS, the most common cause of female reproductive and metabolic disorders, is known to affect more than one in ten women globally. PCOS and associated clinical manifestations are probably underdiagnosed despite their high occurrence. Objective: Alternative animal models have been employed to investigate the causes of PCOS or assess potential treatments. In light of this piece of information, it is challenging to create an animal model that accurately captures all components of this condition; nonetheless, the resemblance of an animal model's biology and/or biochemical characteristics to the phenotypes of PCOS in humans may boost its applicability. Result: The key characteristics of these models are closer to human situations when compared to women with PCOS, as shown by this comparison. The creation and testing of drugs for the treatment of PCOS are necessary. Conclusion:: The overview of PCOS, current preclinical models, and appropriate models chosen in different studies to mimic various phenotypes in PCOS studies are all covered in this review paper. Additionally, we have outlined the benefits and drawbacks of PCOS animal models.

Assessment of clinical symptoms and pathological effects of degenerative arthritis in rats

Degenerative arthritis, particularly affecting the knee joint, is a prevalent condition in Taiwan. While milder cases may only result in slight discomfort during walking, severe cases can lead to significant mobility issues and even loss of basic movement capabilities. Unfortunately, once articular cartilage is lost due to degenerative arthritis, it cannot be regenerated. Currently, the severity of knee joint degeneration is classified into primary, intermediate, and severe stages, which guides the selection of treatment options. These treatments range from non-surgical interventions to surgical procedures. Given the significance of preventing knee joint degeneration, researchers have been exploring various methods. One such approach involves establishing animal models to mimic degenerative arthritis conditions in humans. In this study, researchers utilized anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) combined with medial meniscectomy (MMx) surgery to create a rat model of degenerative arthritis. The successful establishment of this model provides a valuable tool and assessment of clinical symptoms and pathological effects of degenerative arthritis in rats for studying potential drugs and designing therapeutic strategies for degenerative arthritis. By leveraging this rat model, researchers can investigate the efficacy of different pharmaceutical interventions and therapeutic approaches. This could ultimately lead to the development of novel treatments for degenerative arthritis, benefiting individuals suffering from this debilitating condition.

The post-Babel condition: Paul Ricoeur’s translator’s task

ABSTRACT Paul Ricoeur’s ethics of translation has recently inspired a number of authors in Translation Studies. In this article, I argue that the entire scope and potential impact of Ricoeur’s thought on translation theory and practice can only be fully grasped when considering his critical dialogue with previous traditions of thought. This dialogue manifests itself in two rereadings that Ricoeur performs throughout On Translation: Firstly, of the myth of Babel and secondly, of Walter Benjamin’s essay ‘The translator’s task.’ In the first part of this article, I retrace how Ricoeur rejects the traditional idea of Babel as a catastrophic event and instead argues for an understanding of multiplicity as a gift, the ‘human condition’ as it ought to be. In the second part, I explore how Ricoeur, based on this rereading of the Babel narrative, engages with Walter Benjamin’s essay. I argue that it is essentially through a reinterpretation of Antoine Berman’s reading of Benjamin that Ricoeur rearticulates the translator’s task in ethical terms. While this particular constellation between Benjamin and Berman has received little attention, my claim is that it is actually essential for Ricoeur’s idea of translation as ‘linguistic hospitality’ and its potential relevance for Translation Studies.

Protein quality, nutrition and health

Dietary proteins are energy macronutrients providing nitrogen, amino acids (AA), and energy. AAs are the main nitrogen-containing compounds in the body and are the precursors for the synthesis of body proteins and of several other AA-derived molecules. Among the 20 AAs included in protein sequence, 9 are classified as “nutritionally essential” or “indispensable” AA (IAA) because they cannot be synthesized in the body and must be provided by the diet. IAAs are limiting components for protein synthesis. An adequate intake of protein is required to support growth, maintenance, body functions, health and survival. Official definition of protein requirement is based on nitrogen balance. Protein quality is related to the capacity of protein to provide an adequate quantity of nitrogen and of each of the 9 IAAs for the different physiological situations in humans. Protein source is considered high quality for humans when the protein is readily digested, simultaneously providing an adequate quantity of nitrogen and of each of the 9 IAAs to maintain an adequate metabolic AA pool. The most accurate assessment of protein quality of foods for humans is through metabolic studies that measure nitrogen balance. The protein quality score is the ratio of the content of each IAA in the food and in a reference profile. This score corresponds to the calculated composition of a protein which, when meeting protein requirements, simultaneously meets the requirements of each of the 9 IAAs. AA scores as predictors of protein quality must be adjusted for protein and AA availability.

Bayesian optimization based extreme gradient boosting and GPR time-frequency features for the recognition of moisture damage in asphalt pavement

Moisture damage is one of the major defects in asphalt pavement, and will evolve into potholes in a short time which will affect traffic safety. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is an effective non-destructive testing (NDT) method for detecting moisture damage but its data explanation replies on human experience and subjects to labor intensive. To address this issue, an automatic detection method based on extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) combined with Bayesian hyper-parameter optimization (BHPO) was proposed to detect moisture damage area from GPR traces. High frequency GPR antenna with 2.3 GHz was used to detect the moisture damage area from simulation, laboratory and field tests, and moisture damage dataset with 7960 traces was collected. Thirty time-frequency parameters were extracted from each GPR trace, normalized to unify the three data source, and then optimized into 12 sensitive parameters by feature importance method. These 12 parameters were used to build the recognition model with XGBoost, and the model tuning parameters were optimized by BHPO. To obtain optimization model, random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN) were also trained with BHPO, and compared with XGBoost model. The results indicate that performance of XGBoost model with BHPO achieves the highest accuracy and lowest time cost both in moisture damage and normal trace classification, the accuracies for moisture damage are XGBoost (96.9%) > ANN (95.6%) > RF (95.4%), respectively, and normal are XGBoost (96.5%) > RF (96.1%) and ANN (96.0%), respectively. On this basis, field tests were conducted by core samples, which verified the correct result of XGBoost model. Our method provides a swift and accurate method to locate subsurface targets directly from GPR signals.

Testing the Conjecture That Quantum Processes Create Conscious Experience

The question of what generates conscious experience has mesmerized thinkers since the dawn of humanity, yet its origins remain a mystery. The topic of consciousness has gained traction in recent years, thanks to the development of large language models that now arguably pass the Turing test, an operational test for intelligence. However, intelligence and consciousness are not related in obvious ways, as anyone who suffers from a bad toothache can attest—pain generates intense feelings and absorbs all our conscious awareness, yet nothing particularly intelligent is going on. In the hard sciences, this topic is frequently met with skepticism because, to date, no protocol to measure the content or intensity of conscious experiences in an observer-independent manner has been agreed upon. Here, we present a novel proposal: Conscious experience arises whenever a quantum mechanical superposition forms. Our proposal has several implications: First, it suggests that the structure of the superposition determines the qualia of the experience. Second, quantum entanglement naturally solves the binding problem, ensuring the unity of phenomenal experience. Finally, a moment of agency may coincide with the formation of a superposition state. We outline a research program to experimentally test our conjecture via a sequence of quantum biology experiments. Applying these ideas opens up the possibility of expanding human conscious experience through brain–quantum computer interfaces.

Rapid Establishment of a Regeneration System for Astragalus membranaceus Mongholicus

Background: Astragalus membranaceus Mongholicus (Astragalus) is one of the most widely used medicinal plants in the world. It is a traditional Chinese medicine plant that has been used to treat various human diseases and conditions, such as inflammation, gastrointestinal bacterial infections and malignant tumors. With the expansion of artificial planting areas, the demand for high-quality Astragalus seedlings is also increasing. The traditional seedling-raising methods of direct seeding and induced callus have problems such as a long growth period, unstable genetic traits, strict sampling and rooting difficulties. Therefore, it is very important to multiply the excellent germplasm by optimizing the tissue culture regeneration system. Methods: In this study, Astragalus field cultivated plants, which are easily available, were used as materials and the method of tissue culture cuttings was used to select the direct inoculation method of stem segments as explant materials to establish a plant regeneration system of Astragalus and the best sampling period, sampling site and optimal medium for regeneration of field cultivated plants were screened. Result: The best sampling period for plant regeneration of Astragalus in the field was about 40 d after the emergence of the 3-year-old Astragalus and the rooting rate of the regenerated plants was 100.00%. The best sampling site is the middle section of the stem and the regeneration system using the middle section of the stem as the explant is better than using the top and bottom of the stem as the explant and the rooting rate of the regenerated plants is 100.00%; the best medium for the regenerated plants is N22: 1/2MS+1 mg/L NAA and T28: 1/2MS+1 mg/L ABT, the rooting rates were 76.67% and 96.67%, respectively. The regenerated plants established with the stems of the field cultivated plants of Astragalus as explants were all able to induce seedlings after 1 week and the regenerated seedlings start to take root after 3 weeks of growth and can be transplanted and propagated after 6 weeks of culture. The regeneration system established in this study by direct cuttings from cultivated Astragalus stems is more rapid and efficient, breaking through the difficulties of limited access to material and long growth period of regenerated seedlings in the traditional regeneration system and providing technical support for the conservation and utilization of wild resources of Astragalus and rapid expansion of new varieties and germplasm conservation.

The human auditory system uses amplitude modulation to distinguish music from speech.

Music and speech are complex and distinct auditory signals that are both foundational to the human experience. The mechanisms underpinning each domain are widely investigated. However, what perceptual mechanism transforms a sound into music or speech and how basic acoustic information is required to distinguish between them remain open questions. Here, we hypothesized that a sound's amplitude modulation (AM), an essential temporal acoustic feature driving the auditory system across processing levels, is critical for distinguishing music and speech. Specifically, in contrast to paradigms using naturalistic acoustic signals (that can be challenging to interpret), we used a noise-probing approach to untangle the auditory mechanism: If AM rate and regularity are critical for perceptually distinguishing music and speech, judging artificially noise-synthesized ambiguous audio signals should align with their AM parameters. Across 4 experiments (N = 335), signals with a higher peak AM frequency tend to be judged as speech, lower as music. Interestingly, this principle is consistently used by all listeners for speech judgments, but only by musically sophisticated listeners for music. In addition, signals with more regular AM are judged as music over speech, and this feature is more critical for music judgment, regardless of musical sophistication. The data suggest that the auditory system can rely on a low-level acoustic property as basic as AM to distinguish music from speech, a simple principle that provokes both neurophysiological and evolutionary experiments and speculations.

Dreamscapes of Belonging

Jungian Art-Based Research (JABR) is a distinctive methodological framework that explores the intersection of analytical psychology and the arts. It primarily utilizes Jung's theories of the psyche, integrating these with artistic processes to investigate and express unconscious dynamics. Susan Rowland, a pivotal figure in this field, has significantly advanced the understanding of how Jungian theories can be applied within art-based research (Rowland, 2023). Her contributions elucidate how artistic expressions act as mediums through which the unconscious can be explored and articulated, thereby offering profound insights into both individual and collective unconscious processes. The objectives of Jungian Art-Based Research are manifold. Firstly, JABR aims to provide a methodological approach that allows researchers and practitioners to delve deeper into the symbolic and transformative potential of art. This is achieved through the engagement of the unconscious in the creation and interpretation of art, thereby fostering a holistic understanding of the psyche. Secondly, JABR seeks to expand the scope of psychological inquiry by incorporating artistic expressions as legitimate sources of psychological data. Lastly, it aspires to foster a dialogue between psychology and art, encouraging interdisciplinary collaboration that can enrich both fields. By integrating analytical psychology with artistic creativity, JABR contributes to a more nuanced understanding of the human experience, offering valuable perspectives that challenge conventional research paradigms. This paper presents a personal journey through the application of Jungian Art-Based Research (JABR), initiated by attending a course by Susan Rowlands. It delves into the transformative experience of exploring the multiverse of dreams and their impact on the author's professional and personal development. The exploration began with the author’s repetitive dreams, characterized by detailed urban landscapes, serving as the primary material for research. By physically mapping these dreamscapes and integrating various symbolic materials, the author engaged in a deep, introspective process, highlighting the non-linear and spiraling nature of JABR. This journey further intertwined with reflections on identity, homelessness, and the longing for a sense of belonging, amplified by historical and cultural dislocations. Through spontaneous dance and subsequent reflections, the author confronts the disillusionment with idealized spaces and faces the reality of changing perspectives and attachments. The paper concludes by pondering the broader implications of our attachment to the Earth, suggesting that our efforts to save it might be hindered by our need to name and possess, rather than embrace its intrinsic, unnamed existence. Through a Jungian lens, the author proposes a reevaluation of our relationship with the planet, advocating for a detachment from specific names to foster a more universal and sustainable connection.

Preface. Multisensuality in Historical and Cultural Contexts

This section contains four original articles addressing the matters of interaction, coexistence and representation of the human senses in various historical and cultural contexts. The multisensory experience of the world in relations to the past, the present and the future constitutes the main theme of the selected articles. The authors analyze how, in various cultural texts and historical moments, human experience was depicted through the prism of sensory perception, sometimes combined with sensory memory and the powerfulness/powerlessness of the (non)human corporeality. The authors analyze a variety of historical and cultural sources to answer the question of the impact of multisensory experience on our view of the world: in the past, the present and the future. Nina C. Rastinger in her article “Capturing Extraordinary Multisensory Experiences in Writing: Reports on Natural Disasters in an 18th Century Newspaper Corpus” deals with written representations of natural disasters, which constitute extraordinary multisensory experiences, in historical newspaper texts. Natalia Giza in her study “Multisensuality in the Satirical Prints of the Georgian Era in England” shows how sensory perception enhanced visual humor in the satirical prints of Georgian England, examining how English caricaturists used various sensory elements such as sight, sound, smell, taste, and touch. Jules Sebastian Skutta in his paper “Tactile Vision and Othering: Ethnographic Engagements and Racial Differentiations in 19th Century Travelogues” demonstrates on the basis of ethnographic travelogues from German East Africa and from the time of German colonial rule that the transmission, emergence, and dissemination of features of racial differentiation are based on the interplay of different sensory perceptions. Finally, Bartosz Mroczkowski, in the article entitled “Designing the Future Through Touch” focuses on the sense of touch in the process of designing the future. The aforementioned articles illustrate that multisensuality is a multidimensional concept that requires a thorough analysis from different academic perspectives and with the use of various methodological approaches.

Alimentary Images as Metaphor of Education

AbstractThe aim of this paper is to explore how the history of images and conceptual metaphors resulting from them that we use in educational reflections are formed regardless of if they are problematized in practical life. Insight into history shows how these images are shaped not only by our own experiences and by the context of our lives, but also by the history of such images, which are unconsciously inscribed in our metaphorical speech through so called “residues of meaning”. The paper clarifies this, using the examples of alimentary images, that are a transition from nutrix (wet nurse) to nutritor (teacher). The text offers selected examples of consideration of alimentary images. These are among the most primitive and therefore the deepest images of human experience. This history is an example of a cultural line that goes from ancient educational imagination to the more recent forms of such images, even if always with different accents.

نگرشی مقایسوی بر نظریه امام ابوحامد غزالی و ابوعلی ابن مسکویه پیرامون فلسفه اخلاق

The study of Islamic heritage by predecessors of the Ummah regarding moral philosophy reflects the views and thoughts of Muslim philosophers who have elucidated the nature and essence of ethics and discussed its fundamental principles and theoretical foundations. In the introduction of these intellectuals, two prominent Islamic philosophers, Imam Abu Hamid Muhammad Ghazali and Abu Ali Ahmad ibn Muhammad Miskawayh, stand out among others. The perspective of these Muslim philosophers on the concept, subject, and goals of the science of ethics, as well as the originality of their theories concerning their relative dependence on the ethical theories of Greek philosophers, is a matter that requires an analytical-descriptive investigation. The present findings indicate that the ethical theory of these two great thinkers generally aims at objectives such as the growth and elevation of moral conscience, purification of the soul, purification of the heart and inner self, strengthening the relationship between the self and the Almighty Creator, moral refinement and optimization, organizing and rectifying human conduct and behavior, achieving balance among the dimensions of human existence, strengthening fraternal bonds, cooperation and benevolence within society, and institutionalizing goodness and virtue, wisdom, courage, chastity, and justice among society and humanity at large by adhering to Islamic ethical standards.

Rhetorical Risk Zones in Mediatexts of Turbulent Times

The concept of rhetorical risk is introduced and actualized within the framework of the rhetorical decoding of the text concept aimed at studying the mechanisms of effective text formation. The phenomenon of textual effectiveness gains particular significance in turbulent periods of human existence. The research material consists of a corpus of mediatexts created during the COVID-19 pandemic and in April 2024 during the devastating flooding in the Southern Urals and Western Siberia. The aim of the article is to identify the zones of rhetorical risks in the text and to identify their indicators. In accordance with the methodological principles of linguorhetorical reconstruction, the zones of rhetorical risks in the text were identified as inventive, dispositival, and elocutive. Indicators of the inventive zone include the implicitness of the speaker’s practical goal-setting and the orthodoxy of the thesis put forward. Indicators of dispositival risk zones include one-dimensionality of argumentation, excessive use of statistical data as arguments, and frequency of related reasoning. The elocutive zone of rhetorical risks arises due to the speakers’ neglect of such a significant communicative criterion for turbulent times as dialogism. The research results can have broad professional applications — from educational activities to mass media and linguo-expert practices.

Themes of Love and Solitude in Contemporary Azerbaijani Women’s Prose

The article examines the representation of themes of love and loneliness in women’s prose in Azerbaijan. It is noted that the literary works of women in different countries have gained particular relevance at the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries. The novelty of the research lies in identifying key themes raised in the works of several leading Azerbaijani female writers, who are not well known to a wide circle of Russian readers. The creative works of A. Masud, Farida, and A. Gyulnel are analyzed, with themes of love and loneliness being the focus of the study. It has been established that the thematic content of the works exhibits a traditional character typical of women’s prose: the quest for love by women and men, contemplation of issues of loyalty and betrayal, and solitude. It is shown that the characters in their pursuits do not find understanding from those around them. The absence of love drives A. Masud’s characters to madness (“Fatima” novel), physical death (“Aysun” story), or moral decline (“The Boss” story). In Farida’s work “Silent Birds”, the issue of the influence of ancient cruel traditions on the relationships and fate of young people is raised. In “Cactus” by A. Gyulnel, the heroine suffers from loneliness due to the lack of parental love. The author concludes that the variety of issues raised by female authors is imbued with the idea of the tragedy of human existence without love.

A Reflection of Man as a Social Being in Human Philosophical Thought

This research reflects on man as a social being and the relationship of humans as a social being with philosophy. The method used in this research is qualitative. The researcher will use this type of research description based on existing data or facts obtained in the field. The researcher analyses library data to produce a new understanding of human existence as a social being associated with the nature of humans as social beings in the thought of Human Philosophy. The results of the study are that human beings, as social beings, are bound to norms or rules. Man is open to the existence of others, shares the world with others, and is responsible for society. The nature of man as a social being is: Homo Religious; Homo Sapiens; Homo Viator; Homo Creator; Homo Homini Lupus; Homo Homini Socius. The relationship of man as a social being with philosophy can be understood through the meaning of philosophy first

Evaluation of stem cell therapies in companion animal disease models: A concise review (2015-2023).

Companion animals in veterinary medicine develop multiple naturally occurring diseases analogous to human conditions. We previously reported a comprehensive review on the feasibility, safety, and biologic activity of using novel stem cell therapies to treat a variety of inflammatory conditions in dogs and cats (2008-2015) [1]. The purpose of this review is to provide an updated summary of current studies in companion animal disease models that have evaluated stem cell therapeutics that are relevant to human disease. Here we have reviewed the literature from 2015 to 2023 for publications on stem cell therapies that have been evaluated in companion animals, including dogs, cats, and horses. The review excluded case reports or studies performed in experimentally induced models of disease, studies involving cancer, or studies in purpose-bred laboratory species such as rodents. We identified 45 manuscripts meeting these criteria, an increase from 19 that were described in the previous review [1]. The majority of studies were performed in dogs (n=28), with additional studies in horses (n=9) and cats (n=8). Disease models included those related to musculoskeletal disease (osteoarthritis, tendon/ligament injury), neurologic disease (canine cognitive dysfunction, intervertebral disc disease, spinal cord injury) gingival/dental disease (gingivostomatitis), dermatologic disease (atopic dermatitis), chronic multi-drug resistant infections, ophthalmic disease (keratoconjunctivitis sicca, eosinophilic keratitis, immune mediated keratitis), cardiopulmonary disease (asthma, degenerative valve disease, dilated cardiomyopathy), gastrointestinal disease (inflammatory bowel disease, chronic enteropathy) and renal disease (chronic kidney disease). The majority of studies reported beneficial responses to stem cell treatment, with the exception of those related to more chronic processes such as spinal cord injury and chronic kidney disease. However, it should also be noted that 22 studies were open-label, baseline-controlled trials and only 12 studies were randomized and controlled, making overall study interpretation difficult. As noted in the previous review, improved regulatory oversight and consistency in manufacturing of stem cell therapies is needed. Enhanced understanding of the temporal course of disease processes using advanced -omics approaches may further inform mechanisms of action and help define appropriate timing of interventions. Future directions of stem cell-based therapies could include use of stem-cell derived extracellular vesicles, or cell conditioning approaches to direct cells to specific pathways that are tailored to individual disease processes and stages of illness.

Image of Celestial Firmament in Poetic Cosmology of “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”

This study explores the features of poetic cosmology in N. V. Gogol’s tales from the cycle “Evenings on a Farm near Dikanka”. It examines the poetics of the nocturnal landscape and the symbolic richness of celestial space. The functions of light details in poetic depictions of the universe are identified. Special attention is paid to portraying the Universe as a visible expression of the problem of good and evil, which serves as the core theme of the entire cycle “Evenings...”. It is argued that celestial space is not only a central landscape image but also a distinct ontological category. The study reveals that for the cycle “Evenings...”, two contrasting models of the universe — harmonious and chaotic — play a significant role, based on the relationships between earth and sky. Earth and sky, as two coordinates of the universe, can form a cohesive picture for Gogol, where earthly space is revealed through celestial beauty. Celestial space can be understood as a kind of screen onto which human potential for spiritual transformation or sorrow due to its absence is projected. Beneath Gogol’s primary aestheticization of the daytime and nighttime universe lies a philosophical depth in his paintings, prompting reflections on human earthly journey, the sinfulness of earthly existence, and the aspiration towards the heavens, which generates the image of the disconnection between earthly and celestial realms.

Revolutionizing Identity Verification and Recognition

The innovative integration of real-time human detection improves both security and user experience in identity authentication. This approach improves authentication processes by analysing physiological and behavioural indicators such as face movements and eye movements, hence reducing fraud risks. Its deployment across sectors promises to enhance security in finance, healthcare, e-commerce, and law enforcement. Despite the hurdles, the benefits of this human-centered approach are enormous, indicating a more secure digital future. Keywords— Identity verification, live human detection, digital security, biometric authentication, user experience, fraud prevention, computer vision, physiological and behavioural cues, facial and vocal patterns, finance, healthcare, e-commerce, law enforcement.

Psychoanalytic Exploration of Identity and Loss in Kiran Desai’s The Inheritance of Loss

This psychoanalytic exploration delves into the nuanced dimensions of identity and loss within Kiran Desai’s literary masterpiece, The Inheritance of Loss. By applying critical psychoanalytic concepts, this analysis navigates the novel’s characters’ intricate subconscious motivations and conflicts against cultural shifts and globalization. The study unveils profound psychological landscapes within the narrative by employing a methodology that combines close textual analysis with established psychoanalytic principles. The characters, such as Jemubhai and Biju, serve as focal points for exploring the depths of their internal struggles in response to external forces. Concepts like repression and symbolism become invaluable tools in deciphering layers of meaning embedded in the narrative, enriching our comprehension of their psyches. The Inheritance of Loss is a set of external events and a profound exploration of the human condition. Characters, shaped by their unconscious desires and conflicts, become mirrors reflecting the broader societal implications of cultural upheaval. The narrative becomes a testament to the intricacies of human existence amidst a rapidly changing world. This psychoanalytic analysis provides a key to unlocking the depths of Desai’s narrative, offering a richer interpretation of the novel’s characters and themes. By unraveling the psychological tapestry woven into the story, the study provides insights into the universal struggles of individuals facing the complexities of identity, loss, and cultural transformation. Through this exploration, The Inheritance of Loss transcends its narrative boundaries, inviting readers to contemplate the human psyche’s profound and often hidden dimensions.