Human Dimensions Of Wildlife Management Research Articles

JAGUAR AND PUMA IN BRAZILIAN SEMI-ARID REGION – SCAPEGOATS FOR WEAK GOVERNANCE?

Exclusively Brazilian, the Caatinga is a seasonally dry tropical forest where the endangered jaguar (Panthera onca) and puma (Puma concolor) co-occur with the lowest regional Human Development Indexes. New land uses challenge traditional livelihoods and add threats to species historically poached in retaliation for livestock depredation. Chronicle biodiversity conflicts became acute after a reported increase in depredation allegedly because of those changes and conflicts among stakeholders. Using the framework of human dimensions of wildlife management, pioneer research on the vulnerabilities of rural communities to jaguar-and-puma conflicts was led in ‘Boqueirão da Onça’, within and surrounding that polygon of protected areas. The aim was to identify, describe, understand, and predict human behaviour, and link the outcomes with the IUCN natural resources governance concept. Negative attitudes arose from 72% and 35.2% participants towards the proximity of jaguar and proximity of puma, respectively. When asked about institutions working for wildlife protection, and institutions working for people facing problems caused by carnivores, 64.9% and 88.8%, respectively, were unaware of them. Regarding beliefs about co-occurrence with jaguars or pumas, 80.9% and 82.9%, respectively, mentioned more problems than benefits, with 74.5% believing in the increase of both species’ populations due to the creation of protected areas. This scenario may ease jaguar and puma to become scapegoats for human-wildlife and broader social conflicts, unless values such as justice and transparency are pursued.

Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Japan: From Asia to the World

Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Japan: From Asia to the World

Public attitudes toward the presence and management of bats roosting in buildings in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Southeastern United States

In the human dimensions of wildlife management, evaluating stakeholder perceptions of target species helps inform effective conservation efforts. Stakeholder perceptions are invaluable when managing taxa like bats, which may have historically negative cultural preconceptions. However, insectivorous bats provide critical ecosystem services in North America through agricultural insect pest control, and many of these species are threatened by white-nose syndrome (WNS), a disease caused by an invasive fungal pathogen. In Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), the most visited National Park in the United States (USA), bats are regularly observed roosting in historical buildings by visitors and park employees during summer. As a result, natural and cultural resource managers seek to ensure public safety and protect historical structures while minimizing impacts on bats, especially in light of declines in bat populations as a result of WNS. However, managers lacked information on visitor perceptions of bats and support for potential management action regarding the taxon. From June to August 2016, we surveyed 420 park visitors at three sites in the Cades Cove area of GRSM on their attitudes toward bats, perception of threats to and ecosystem services provided by bats, and support for management of bats. Most respondents supported management action to protect bats in buildings in Cades Cove during summer (76%). Standardized parameter estimates from a multiple linear regression developed with survey data indicated that attitudes toward bats and perception of threats to bats had the greatest effects on support for bat management. Wildlife management and conservation agencies seeking to further cultivate support for management of bats roosting in public spaces may apply these results in the design of tailored programming and outreach materials.

Training a New Generation for Careers in Wildlife Management in Ethiopia

This article describes the start-up of a new interdisciplinary Master’s program in Wildlife Management at Arba Minch University (AMU), Ethiopia. The need, salient features, review of curriculum, and stakeholders of the program are examined. The human dimensions of wildlife management have been given its due with an aim to get biodiversity stewardship on a firm footing in the country. The program, aims to link young graduates to regional stakeholders on conservation perspectives through courses such as Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management, Wildlife Economics and Entrepreneurship and Biodiversity Conservation. The scope of wildlife tourism in Ethiopia has been highlighted in the program. The survey results of stakeholder representatives found good prospects for the sustainability of the MSc program in wildlife management provided stakeholder coordination and community participation in the program are diligently ensured. In conclusion, the Master’s program in wildlife management is interdisciplinary, job-oriented and intended to prepare a new generation for placements with the government, NGOs and private sector in order to contribute to wildlife management and biodiversity stewardship in Ethiopia

Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management

Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management

Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management. Second Edition. Edited by Daniel J. Decker, Shawn J. Riley, and William F. Siemer. Published in affiliation with The Wildlife Society by Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. $85.00. xi + 286 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-1-4214-0654-1. 2012.

<i>Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management</i>. Second Edition. Edited by Daniel J. Decker, Shawn J. Riley, and William F. Siemer. Published in affiliation with The Wildlife Society by Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland. $85.00. xi + 286 p.; ill.; index. ISBN: 978-1-4214-0654-1. 2012.

Human dimensions of wildlife management

Preface Acknowledgments List of Contributors Part I: Overview of Fundamental Concepts 1. Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management 2. Governance of Wildlife Resources 3. Stakeholders as Beneficiaries of Wildlife Management Part II: Social Science Considerations 4. Social Psychological Considerations in Wildlife Management 5. Sociological Considerations in Wildlife Management 6. Economic Considerations in Wildlife Management Part III: The Management Process 7. Wildlife Management as a Process within a System 8. Decision Making in Wildlife Management Part IV: Human Dimensions Methods and Skills 9. Planning a Human Dimensions Inquiry 10. Methods of Human Dimensions Inquiry 11. Stakeholder Engagement in Wildlife Management 12. Communication for Effective Wildlife Management Part V: Human Dimensions Applications 13. Human Dimensions of Abundant Wildlife Management 14. Human Dimensions of Scarce Wildlife Management 15. Human Dimensions of Wildlife Use Management Part VI: Professional Considerations for the Future 16. Environmental Ethics for Wildlife Management 17. Continuing Your Education in Human Dimensions 18. Adaptive Value of Human Dimensions for Wildlife Management Appendix: Scientific Names Glossary Bibliography Index

Understanding the Role of Representations of Human–Leopard Conflict in Mumbai through Media‐Content Analysis

Attempts to minimize the effects of human-wildlife conflict (HWC) on conservation goals require an understanding of the mechanisms by which such conflicts are caused and sustained. This necessitates looking beyond the natural sciences to the human dimensions of wildlife management. Public dissemination of information regarding HWC occurs largely through the mass media. We conducted a content analysis of print media articles on human-leopard conflict in Mumbai, India. We sought to understand the framing of HWC and the changes in media coverage over a 10-year period (2001-2011) during which a large number of attacks on people prior to 2005 were followed by a program of trapping and relocation. After 2005, when there was a decrease in the level of conflict, the tone of English-language media reports changed. The perpetrator framing was over 5 times more likely before 2005, whereas a neutral framing was twice as likely after 2005. English-language and non-English-language print media differed significantly in their framing of HWC and in the kinds of solutions advocated. Our results also suggest the print mass media in Mumbai could be an influential conduit for content that diminishes HWC. These media outlets seem attentive to human-leopard conflict, capable of correcting erroneous perceptions and facilitating mitigation and effective management. We believe better contact and mutual understanding between conservation professionals and the mass media could be an important component of managing HWC. We further suggest that in such interactions conservation professionals need to be aware of cultural and linguistic differences in reporting within the country.

XXXth IUGB Congress and Perdix XIII

XXXth IUGB Congress and Perdix XIII

Recent advances in the management of bovine tuberculosis in free-ranging wildlife

Established foci of Mycobacterium bovis (the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis [bTB]) in free-ranging wildlife are currently under various stages of management on three continents (Africa, Europe and North America) and in New Zealand. Other, as yet undiagnosed, foci seem likely to exist elsewhere. The complex roles that these wildlife foci play in the ecology of bTB remain among the greatest challenges facing bTB control globally. Conceptually, management of bTB in free-ranging wildlife can be thought of as progressing from the discovery of an outbreak through frequently overlapping stages of epidemiological characterization, initial control, simulation and forecasting, focused control, and verification of eradication. Surveillance in its various forms remains a critical component of assessment throughout. Since the Fourth International M. bovis Conference in 2005, research on management of bTB in free-ranging wildlife has encompassed such areas as the human dimensions of wildlife management, mitigation of bTB risks from wildlife on cattle farms, vaccine biology, and epidemiology, with a major contribution from simulation modeling. In order to advance the actual field management of bTB, however, research must be sufficiently grounded to aid development of practical, affordable and politically defensible management interventions which stand a reasonable chance of being implemented. The current management of two wildlife reservoirs of bTB, brushtail possums ( Trichosurus vulpecula) in New Zealand, and white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus) in Michigan, USA, serve as contrasting examples of different wildlife management strategies aimed at achieving a common goal. In New Zealand, the importance of agricultural export markets and the status of the possum as a non-native pest have facilitated direct, aggressive management of the disease reservoir, resulting in considerable progress towards bTB freedom since 1994. In Michigan, the relative importance of the hunting economy and of whitetails as a game animal have made such aggressive culling politically untenable. This has forced reliance upon publicly supported, and implemented, management tools, and so provided impetus to better understand social support for wildlife management policy, its limitations, and ways to employ it in disease control policy development.

Doubting Thomases and the Cougar: The Perceptions of Puma Management in Northern Ontario, Canada

AbstractThe purpose of this discussion is to provide a better understanding of the conflicting perceptions regarding cougar (Puma concolor) management in northern Ontario, Canada. Despite two alleged puma attacks, numerous cougar sightings throughout the region and the recent confirmation of the puma's existence in Ontario through DNA analysis, the existence of these animals in the north‐east of Canada and the USA remains largely contentious. Findings derived from interviews conducted in northern Ontario and content analysis of media sources in Canada and the USA suggest that the ongoing debate over the existence of pumas in this region of Canada can be attributed to current wildlife management largely predicated on the grand narrative of the wildlife expert. This centralised, bureaucratic approach decreases the opportunity for constructive dialogue between stakeholders and mitigates the implementation of community‐based wildlife management approaches. While this analysis largely focuses in Ontario, Canada, the debate provides insights into the human dimensions of wildlife management, especially elusive wildlife, in North America and elsewhere.

Adaptive Impact Management: An Integrative Approach to Wildlife Management

Wildlife professionals need better ways to integrate ecological and human dimensions of wildlife management. A focus on impacts, guided by a structured decision process, will orient wildlife management toward rigorous, integrative decision making. Impacts are important socially defined effects of events and interactions related to wildlife that merit management. To manage impacts we propose adaptive impact management (AIM). This approach has seven primary components: situational analysis, objective setting, development of system model(s), identification and selection of management alternatives, actual management interventions, monitoring, and refinement of models and eventually interventions. Adaptive impact management builds upon strengths of systems thinking and conventional adaptive management, yet differs in that fundamental objectives of management are impacts on society, rather than conditions of a wildlife population or habitat. Emphasis is placed on stakeholder involvement in management and shared learning among scientists, managers, and stakeholders. We describe and assess adaptive impact management with respect to black bear management in New York.

Peer-Reviewed Articles Too Many Hunters or Not Enough Deer? Human and Biological Determinants of Hunter Satisfaction and Quality

This paper explores how the human dimensions of wildlife management (hunter density, contact with others, perceived crowding) are related to the biological dimensions of deer management (deer population, seeing, shooting, bagging) to produce satisfying and high quality hunts.

Does Human Population Growth Increase Wildlife Harvesting? An Economic Assessment

A critical question in human dimensions of wildlife management in developing countries is: Does human population growth trigger overexploitation of wildlife stocks? We address this question with a behavioral model and demonstrate that conventional wisdom is incomplete and may be misleading. While increasing population pressure may, under certain conditions, be detrimental to wildlife stocks, the reverse also may hold. More generally, we find both direct and indirect effects of increased population pressure on wildlife stocks, but the direct effects will likely have a small impact on conservation. This is because when property rights to wildlife species are poorly defined or poorly enforced, humans will expand their hunting effort as long as hunting is more beneficial (profitable) than alternative activities, or until there are zero profits in hunting for bushmeat. Increasing the number of people does not necessarily affect this zero-profit threshold, and so the effect on aggregate hunting effort likely is small. We postulate that other changes in the socioeconomic environment (e.g., technical progress in hunting, improved infrastructure, habitat conversion) are more important for conservation.

Stakeholder Acceptance Capacity in Wildlife management

Capacity understanding has been a central driving force in both the biological and human dimensions of wildlife management. The concept of biological carrying capacity has been recognized for a long time. For many years, reference has been made to another form of carrying capacity, that of society to tolerate or accept the impacts of wildlife in particular situations. Attempts to articulate this concept have taken several forms, but all generally recognize the economic or attitudinal limits of society to “carry”; wildlife (e.g., risk perception and acceptance). We compare and contrast elements of the biological and human dimensions concepts of carrying capacity. We then describe the concept “stakeholder acceptance capacity”; in wildlife management and a theoretical model for weighting stakes, including algorithms to illustrate conceptually how stakes can be weighted in management decision making.

Human dimensions of wildlife management: Knowledge for agency survival in the 21st century

The need to understand the human dimensions of fish and wildlife management has increased in recent years as societal values have changed pertaining to wildlife and its use. For management agencies...

Wildlife, Wild Death: Land Use and Survival in Eastern Africa. By Rodger Yeager and Norman N. Miller The Imperial Lion: Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Central Africa. By Stuart A. Marks

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook Reviews By Rodger Yeager and Norman N. Miller Wildlife, Wild Death: Land Use and Survival in Eastern Africa. By Rodger Yeager and Norman N. Miller The Imperial Lion: Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Central Africa. By Stuart A. MarksElizabeth CashdanElizabeth Cashdan Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Volume 31, Number 4October 1987 Published for the American Society for Environmental History and the Forest History Society Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.2307/4005087 Journal History This article was published in the Journal of Forest History (1974-1989), which was continued by Forest & Conservation History (1990-1995). © 1987 Forest History Society, Inc. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

The Imperial Lion: Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Central Africa

The Imperial Lion: Human Dimensions of Wildlife Management in Central Africa