Hub Unit Research Articles

Ca2+/CaM dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII)α and CaMKIIβ hub domains adopt distinct oligomeric states and stabilities.

Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is a multidomain serine/threonine kinase that plays important roles in the brain, heart, muscle tissue, and eggs/sperm. The N-terminal kinase and regulatory domain is connected by a flexible linker to the C-terminal hub domain. The hub domain drives the oligomeric organization of CaMKII, assembling the kinase domains into high local concentration. Previous structural studies have shown multiple stoichiometries of the holoenzyme as well as the hub domain alone. Here, we report a comprehensive study of the hub domain stoichiometry and stability in solution. We solved two crystal structures of the CaMKIIβ hub domain that show 14-mer (3.1 Å) and 16-mer (3.4 Å) assemblies. Both crystal structures were determined from crystals grown in the same drop, which suggests that CaMKII oligomers with different stoichiometries likely coexist. To further interrogate hub stability, we employed mass photometry and temperature denaturation studies of CaMKIIβ and CaMKIIα hubs, which highlight major differences between these highly similar domains. We created a dimeric CaMKIIβ hub unit using rational mutagenesis, which is significantly less stable than the oligomer. Both hub domains populate an intermediate during unfolding. We found that multiple CaMKIIβ hub stoichiometries are present in solution and that larger oligomers are more stable. CaMKIIα had a narrower distribution of molecular weight and was distinctly more stable than CaMKIIβ.

P18 Components of the ideal spoke vascular surgery unit

Abstract Introduction The ‘Hub and Spoke’ system consists of a leading unit that offers all services (Hub), supported by peripheral units providing less extensive services (Spokes). Cases requiring more complex interventions are often transferred from Spoke Units to the Hub. We wish to shed light on the factors that comprise an ideal Spoke Unit. Methods We did a retrospective review of the Peripheral arterial and Venous cases at our Spoke unit, and analysed patient records, took note of the contributions of various specialities and teams within the unit, allowing us to provide optimal care. Results We found that over an 8-month period (5th April 2022- 1st December 2022), the spoke unit undertook 105 lower limb venous procedures, and 55 arterial revascularisations, as day cases. This was possible due to the support we have from the podiatrists, vascular scientists, interventional radiologists, anaesthesiologists, physiotherapists, clinical specialist nurses and allied nursing teams as well as vascular unit managers. In cases where the hub may be overburdened, the Spoke unit can provide support by managing patients within their domain. Our main Hub Unit has an estimated capacity of 70-80 patients per week at any given time. When referrals to the Hub exceed the capacity, the spoke unit supports them to ensure optimal patient care and avoid physician burnout. Conclusion Having a strong multidisciplinary team contributes to an ideal spoke unit. Creating the ideal spoke unit is essential to optimise patient healthcare within a Hub and Spoke system, but also in preventing physician burnout.

A new hub-and-spoke biology curriculum designed around interdisciplinary laboratory practical sessions to enhance student employability

A new hub-and-spoke (H&S) model for restructuring the traditional biological science curriculum is presented here. The H&S model emphasises the integration of sub-disciplines of biology and the integration of biology with other scientific disciplines. In this model, traditional undergraduate courses that include both theory and a stand-alone laboratory component are replaced with discovery-based research courses that act as the hub, servicing discipline-specific theory-only courses, which act as the spoke. The hub course includes an immersive laboratory experience, aimed to integrate all the spoke components that the hub unit serves. The H&S model also offers an opportunity to develop a new framework that will support active pedagogies such as inquiry-based and open-ended problem-based learning, where students work in groups to solve challenging problems and build their capacity to design and implement approaches to undertake their own investigation, thus enhancing students critical thinking as well as generic skills. Overall, this model offers higher interdisciplinary biological laboratory skills, and an integrative understanding of scientific projects thus enhancing the graduate’s employability. This curriculum model may be easily adapted for other branches of science, given the interdisciplinary nature of all sciences and the R&D innovation sector.

Use of geometrical product specifications in the structural design of second generation bearing hub unit

The article discusses selected issues of the application of ISO GPS standards and their use in defining the specifications of designed products. Their importance in meeting the functional requirements specified by the designer and expected by the user is highlighted. This was presented on the example of a comparative analysis of the design of a second-generation composite bearing hub, which is a modification of a double-race angular contact ball bearing. A comparison of the ways in which the requirements of the more important dimensions are specified was made according to ISO 492:2002 and ISO 492:2014. Verification of the requirements description according to the GPS will be carried out during the manufacturing process of the bearing hub unit.

Opportunities and econometrics for rice (Oryza sativa) fallow pulses in north coastal Andhra Pradesh

The present study was carried out during 2022 at the Biotech KISAN Hub unit, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Banavasi. Constraints in production of fallow pulse crop along with the strategies to overcome them were discussed and addressed in north coastal districts (Srikakulam and Visakhapatnam), which have increased the pulse production and at the same time improved the net returns of the farmers. Majority of the farmers in these districts are small farmers (>85%) and low to medium in their knowledge and adoption levels on sustainable agricultural practices. This project also enhanced the knowledge levels of the farmers pertaining to the benefit and importance of rice fallow pulse cropping and the farmers are ready to adapt this cropping pattern. Rice fallow pulse cropping not only improves the socio-economic status of farmers but also plays a key role in meeting the high demands of pulses and overcoming the malnutrition which is need of the hour. Hence, the remaining rice area as mentioned above 72% under kharif in these districts if utilized for growing pulses in winter (rabi) season which is around 3.11 lakh ha, it can lead to increased pulse production of around 420.2 Mt and can generate an additional income of approximately `2941 crores at low input costs.

6G Indoor Network Enabled by Photonics- and Electronics-Based sub-THz Technology

We propose an indoor network with a sub-terahertz- band wireless link for 6G applications. In our proposed indoor network, an optical hub unit (OHU) that controls the entire system is optically linked to THz remote nodes (RNs) over optical distribution fibers. The THz RNs communicate with the user equipment through a sub-THz wireless link. The function of the THz RNs is to provide an interface between the optical link and the sub-THz wireless link. For downlink transmission, a photonics-based sub-THz-band signal generation method is adopted to take advantage of the broadband characteristics of the optical components. An electronics-based sub-THz mixer is also used for uplink transmission because of its cost-effectiveness and low energy consumption. A digital signal processor (DSP) is designed to recover the original transmitted baseband signal. The DSP provides frequency offset compensation over a wide frequency range and reduces the probability of cyclic slip. The performance of the proposed system was investigated experimentally with commercially available optical/electrical components. We demonstrate 100 Gb/s 2.5-m wireless transmission with a 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) signal for configuring the downlink. The optical transmission distance was set to 10 km, and the power penalty measured by optical transmission was negligible. We also investigated the scalability and tunability of the photonics-based sub-THz transmitter to confirm the upgradability of our proposed indoor network to consider future capacity expansion. To establish an uplink, a 25 Gb/s 1.5-m wireless transmission with a quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK) signal was employed. A directly modulated laser was used for cost-effective optical transmission. Unlike downstream transmission, a measured bit error rate (BER) penalty caused by the optical transmission was observed. This is due to the interplay between the frequency chirp of the directly modulated laser and the chromatic dispersion in the fiber. Despite this penalty, BERs less than the soft-decision forward error correction (FEC) threshold (2 × 10^−2) with 20% overhead were achieved. We discuss several remaining technical challenges in real-field deployment. These include THz Tx power improvement, photonic integration, reducing form-factor, polarization insensitivity, and automatic beam steering. Our recent efforts to address these issues are also introduced and examined.

Initial impact of COVID-19 on dialysis provision; review of international guidelines and adaptation of a hub unit's service.

The COVID-19 pandemic has put a strain on many aspects of health care including the provision of dialysis. Two categories of patients have had the greatest impact on dialysis capacity. Those with COVID-19-related acute kidney injury and those chronic dialysis patients who required isolation or cohort dialysis because of the pandemic. Limited information on incidence hampers capacity planning and the rapid change in demand provides further challenges. In the 4weeks after our first patient, the incidence of confirmed infection in our dialysis population has been 5.1%. By the third week, hemodialysis had to be provided in critical care as the in-house capacity for hemofiltration had been overwhelmed. The interventions that enabled these needs to be met are detailed in this paper alongside a review of international recommendations and how they have been adapted to meet local pressures.

Investigating the impact of wakes on single turbine availability

The current trend in wind energy leads to closely packed wind farms. These short distances result in a higher turbulence and consequently higher loads. In this paper an approach is proposed to evaluate single turbine availability losses due to the wake effect by modeling material fatigue behavior of selected turbine components. First, a characteristic wake scenario is defined: While one turbine is exposed to a wind field conforming to wind class IIB, another turbine experiences higher turbulence intensities according to Frandsen’s wake model. Using a dynamic multibody simulation, turbine loads are calculated which then are analyzed using the rainflow counting algorithm (giving load range and cycle counts) before being extrapolated to design lifetime of 20 years. Subsequently, artificial material curves are estimated representing the minimum load cycles to withstand during design lifetime. The slope of these curves is determined using the slope of a representative S-N-curve for each component. Position is then determined applying Miner’s rule with unity damage at the end of design lifetime. Lastly, failure behavior is approached by using a lognormal probability distribution. As a result increased failure probabilities for the rotor hub unit (main bearing and rotor hub) are found in the wake case. First results for an annual time in wake fraction of 20 % show an increase in total failure probability from 2.30 % to up to 41.85 % at a distance between the two turbines of 3D. Applying a mean down time per failure from literature (based on modern EU wind farms) finally leads to an overall technical availability decrease due to hub unit failure of 0. 035 % in the wake case compared to the free stream case.

INVESTIGATIONS THE OPTICAL-POWER PARAMETERS OF THE SOLAR MODULES IN AN ASYMMETRICAL PARABOLIC-CYLINDRICAL CONCENTRATOR, WITH PHOTODETECTOR AND SECONDARY REFLECTOR WITH TRACKING SYSTEM

The paper discusses the new photovoltaic modules, which include photodetectors and hubs and provide efficient conversion of solar energy into heat and electricity. The mathematical modeling to create a design algorithm for calculating thermal solar module with the specified energy parameters and using the laws of geometric optics, as well as heat and mass transfer. Mathematical models for calculating the optical parameters of the solar energy module ruled photodetector and secondary reflectors asymmetric parabolic-cylindrical concentrator. Showing calculated according to the following: the concentration distribution of light on the surface of the detector of the line on the width of the focal region; angle of total reflection of the secondary reflectors concentrated radiation from the parametric angle γ; the geometric dimensions of the upper and lower reflectors from the parametric angle γ; coordinate location (profile) of the secondary reflector relative to the photodetector. Profile module (on the basis of which patterns are drawn in Avtocad for manufacturing the hub unit and as a whole); the longitudinal shading photodetector depending ΔL time interval tp idle engine tracking system, the number of intervals (engine running) per unit time k by the angle of deviation (parametric angle γ) of the incident solar radiation on the midsection hub, depending on engine power consumption tracking system. The use of such modules is based parabolic-cylindrical concentrator and a photodetector with a coolant flow system allows the creation of co-generation plants to generate electricity and heat. Prototypes were developed by this method being explored at the respective stands and tested in field conditions.

Multi-objective structural optimization of hub unit bearing using response surface methodology and genetic algorithm

Multi-objective structural optimization of hub unit bearing using response surface methodology and genetic algorithm

Teledialysis: new service technology

Journal of Renal NursingVol. 3, No. 3 Green CampaignTeledialysis: new service technologyTara Collidge, Bruce Honeyman, Susan Stewart, Anne Allan, Lynn Robinson, Rob Brown, Mary Wakeling, David Heaney, Robert PeelTara CollidgeSearch for more papers by this author, Bruce HoneymanSearch for more papers by this author, Susan StewartSearch for more papers by this author, Anne AllanSearch for more papers by this author, Lynn RobinsonSearch for more papers by this author, Rob BrownSearch for more papers by this author, Mary WakelingSearch for more papers by this author, David HeaneySearch for more papers by this author, Robert PeelSearch for more papers by this authorTara Collidge; Bruce Honeyman; Susan Stewart; Anne Allan; Lynn Robinson; Rob Brown; Mary Wakeling; David Heaney; Robert PeelPublished Online:29 Sep 2013https://doi.org/10.12968/jorn.2011.3.3.150AboutSectionsView articleView Full TextPDF/EPUB ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail View article FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails 1 May 2011Volume 3Issue 3ISSN (print): 2041-1448ISSN (online): 2052-2894 Metrics History Published online 29 September 2013 Published in print 1 May 2011 Information© MA Healthcare LimitedPDF download