Huangdi Neijing Research Articles

Electroacupuncture on GB acupoints improves osteoporosis via the estradiol-PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

Recent studies have reported that electroacupuncture (EA) can treat osteoporosis, but most of which were based on the "kidney governing bones" theory. However, the ancient Chinese medical textbook Huangdi Neijing pointed out that "Gallbladder Meridian of Foot Shaoyang" correlates with bone diseases, including osteoporosis, although the therapeutic regimens were lost after the Tang Dynasty. Here, we explored whether EA at GB points improves osteoporosis and its underlying mechanism. We constructed ovariectomized mice and treated them with EA at GB30 (Huantiao), GB34 (Yanglingquan), and GB39 (Xuanzhong) acupoints. EA treatment significantly improved bone parameters in osteoporotic mice, as evidenced by micro-computed tomography and histological assessment. Additionally, EA treatment elevated the serum levels of estradiol and SOD that were downregulated in osteoporotic mice. Transcriptome and qPCR results verified that EA treatment upregulated the expression of genes associated with bone formation. Moreover, transcriptome analysis revealed differential enrichment of the PI3K-Akt pathway. Furthermore, Western blot analysis demonstrated that estradiol partially counteracted a reduction in p-AKT expression induced by hydrogen peroxide. These findings indicate that EA treatment increases serum estradiol levels in mice, thus inhibiting osteoporosis induced by oxidative stress. This effect is achieved by activating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.

Clinical Efficacy Analysis of Acupuncture Treatment in the Acute Phase of Peripheral Facial Paralysis

Peripheral facial paralysis, caused by damage to the lower motor neurons of the facial nerve, is a neurological disorder characterized by partial or complete loss of facial expression. It typically manifests suddenly with symptoms such as post-auricular pain, diminished taste, excessive tearing, difficulty speaking, and facial muscle twitching. Depending on the underlying cause, this condition can be categorized into spontaneous facial nerve palsy, peripheral facial paralysis induced by Guillain-Barré syndrome, and peripheral facial paralysis caused by brainstem lesions. Among these, the most common type is Bell’s palsy, which usually presents as sudden unilateral facial muscle paralysis. The incidence rate is approximately 20 to 40 cases per 100,000 people annually, with patients ranging in age from young to old, although it is most prevalent in those aged 20 to 40, and it tends to occur more frequently in men than in women. Conventional treatments for peripheral facial nerve paralysis include hormone therapy, antiviral medication, and surgical intervention. However, hormone therapy may not be effective for some patients due to its side effects, the efficacy of antiviral therapy remains controversial, and surgery is costly and may lead to postoperative complications. Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) acupuncture therapy, with a long-standing history, has been widely used to treat such facial nerve disorders as documented in the "Huangdi Neijing · Suwen."

Exploration of tuina for the treatment of acute pharyngitis based on "Tianyou (TE 16) and five regions" in Huangdi Neijing

The paper explores the thoughts and manipulations of tuina at "Tianyou (TE 16) and five regions" for the treatment of acute pharyngitis based on "Tianyou (TE 16) and five regions" in Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic). "Tianyou (TE 16) and five regions" refer to the special acupoints of yang meridians, mostly located at the neck region. It is the "window" of the head and neck, acting on dispersing wind and regulating qi and blood by opening the "window". Acute pharyngitis is caused by the invasion of exogenous wind and heat to the throat or by re-attack of exogenous factors and heat accumulation in the lung and stomach. Pathogenic wind and heat is the chief causative factor. Based on the theory and location of "Tianyou (TE 16) and five regions", the manipulations of tuina, i.e. point-pressing, plucking and smoothing, are operated to open "huyou" (door and window) of the head and face, combined by bleeding at the ear apex so that the path is opened for pathogen elimination. As a result, the pathogenic wind and heat are dispelled, qi movement is promoted and the throat is benefited.

WANG Zipeng & LIU Shiying. (2024). Research on the Intratextual Creative Translation Strategies of Medical Classics from the Perspective of Technical Communication: A Case Study of Huangdi Neijing Lingshu

Please refer to the URL that includes this article for the abstract.

The Citation of Classified Materia Medica in Compendium of Medicine

Compendium of Medicine (Yi Xue Gang Mu) has forty volumes, compiled by Lou Ying in the Ming Dynasty. The classification of this book was based on the diseases of viscera and relevant treatment methods. It has unique literature research value because it involved a large number of medical literature before the Ming Dynasty including Inner canon of Huang Di and many great works of popular physicians after that. By comparing Compendium of Medicine (Yi Sue Gang Mu) with Classified Materia Medica (Zheng Lei Ben Cao), it can be seen that there are 577 references from Classified Materia Medica in Compendium of Medicine, involving 78 archive or physician abbreviation with 66 ancient books or works of doctors. This means that 78 abbreviation in Compendium of Medicine were out of 220 abbreviation in Classified Materia Medica. Therefore, it indicates that Classified Materia Medica plays an important role in Compendium of Medicine compiling. In the process of citing Classified Materia Medica, Compendium of Medicine made some mistakes of citation, such as wrong provenance because of the original sources unchecked or the trace unknown, wrong spelling of names, confusion because of abbreviation, misunderstanding because of similarity, and a book with different names. These issues of citation style of Compendium of Medicine and their utilisation in practice provide meaningful references for textual research.

Exploring the Experience of Guo Yi Master Lei Zhongyi in Dialectical Treatment of Heart Failure Based on the Theory of "Yang Wei Yin Xian"

The term "heart failure" first appeared in Wang Shuhe's "Meridian: Spleen and Stomach Diseases". The related description of heart failure is recorded in the "Huangdi Neijing", which is a disease mainly characterized by palpitations, asthma, and edema. It is often the terminal stage of chronic heart disease that cannot be cured. Its basic pathogenesis is prolonged illness with deficiency of heart qi, loss of nourishment in the heart, weakness in blood circulation, prolonged stagnation of the heart meridians, cessation of water consumption, and the generation of phlegm and dampness, resulting in heart failure. The theory of "Yang Wei Yin Xian" is a highly summarized understanding by Zhang Zhongjing of the etiology and pathogenesis of chest pain and heartache. Chinese medical master Lei Zhongyi has been practicing medicine for more than 60 years and has unique insights in the prevention and treatment of heart failure, with considerable clinical efficacy. He believes that heart failure belongs to the principle of deficiency and excess, and the theory of "yang micro yin string" is also applicable to this disease. Its onset is closely related to the pathological changes of substances such as qi, blood, and body fluids. The method of treating phlegm and blood stasis together should run through the treatment process, especially for patients who consume qi and yin in the later stage. Emphasis should be placed on promoting blood circulation and nourishing qi and yin, and the treatment should focus on both attacking and tonifying, with Qi and blood regulating simultaneously. Based on clinical experience, the original Yangxin Huoxue Tang has achieved significant clinical efficacy.

Exploration of acupuncture rehabilitation ideological system for tendon disease in Huangdi Neijing

The jingjin (sinews/fascia) theory of Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic) has a profound systematic theoretical structure of the rehabilitation for tendon disease. On the basis of jingjin system, it puts forward the ideological system of acupuncture rehabilitation for tendon disease, in which, "bi" (impediment) is the main syndrome, and "swift insertion of heated needles, the frequency of needling decided by the effects and taking tender sites as acupoints" (referring to diagnosis, acupoint selection and treatment) is the basic principle. It is believed after recognizing the above theory and principle that the tendon disease should be differentiated according to the four seasons and twelve months so as to timely adjust yin and yang. Through analyzing the statement of deviation of the mouth corner (facial paralysis) in Huangdi Neijing, the paper expounds the main symptoms, etiology and pathogenesis, and the effect of treatment for this disease. It is the specific clinical representation of acupuncture rehabilitation ideological system for tendon disease.

Textual research on the evolution of therapeutic indications of Fenglong (ST 40): discussion on the related articles for "Fenglong (ST 40) for phlegm" published in Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion

Based on Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic), combined with the Huangdi Mingtang Jing JiJiao (Compilation and Correction of Yellow Emperor's Mingtang Classic) and unearthed Tianhui Yijian (Tianhui Medical Bamboo Slips), it is recognized that the therapeutic indications of Fenglong (ST 40) were recorded repeatedly in many medical works of the Qin and Han dynasties; and the treatments mostly focus on "upward reversion of qi ". In Huangdi Mingtang Jing (Yellow Emperor's Mingtang Classic), a part of symptoms were re-described textually, which affects the understanding on the indications of Fenglong (ST 40) in the medical works of the later generations. On the basis of the construction of phlegm theory in the Sui and Tang dynasties, the scholars of Song, Jin and Yuan dynasties had placed the emphasis on the relationship between phlegm and qi movement. In acupuncture works by Dou Hanqing, Fenglong (ST 40) was selected in treatment of phlegm dampness and phlegm-induced asthma, which is also based on the pathogenesis, "upward reversion of qi ", rather than "phlegm" itself. This view can be understood by the proof of "reducing Zusanli (ST 36) for eliminating wind". The relationship between Fenglong (ST 40) and phlegm was emphasized in Yulong Ge (Jade Dragon Verse) and Zhenfang Liuji (Six Sets of Acupuncture Methods), after which, the understanding, " Fenglong (ST 40), the key point for phlegm disorders", had been formed gradually since the Ming dynasty. The formation and evolution of the therapeutic indications of Fenglong (ST 40) are influenced comprehensively by the errors in textual duplication, cultural background, changes in the term expressions of disorders, and the clinical experience of medical practitioners.

Developments in the study of Chinese herbal medicine's assessment index and action mechanism for diabetes mellitus.

In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), based on various pathogenic symptoms and the 'golden chamber' medical text, Huangdi Neijing, diabetes mellitus falls under the category 'collateral disease'. TCM, with its wealth of experience, has been treating diabetes for over two millennia. Different antidiabetic Chinese herbal medicines reduce blood sugar, with their effective ingredients exerting unique advantages. As well as a glucose lowering effect, TCM also regulates bodily functions to prevent diabetes associated complications, with reduced side effects compared to western synthetic drugs. Chinese herbal medicine is usually composed of polysaccharides, saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. These active ingredients reduce blood sugar via various mechanism of actions that include boosting endogenous insulin secretion, enhancing insulin sensitivity and adjusting key enzyme activity and scavenging free radicals. These actions regulate glycolipid metabolism in the body, eventually achieving the goal of normalizing blood glucose. Using different animal models, a number of molecular markers are available for the detection of diabetes induction and the molecular pathology of the disease is becoming clearer. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of scientific data about the pharmacology, dose-effect relationship, and structure-activity relationship of TCM and its constituents. Further research into the efficacy, toxicity and mode of action of TCM, using different metabolic and molecular markers, is key to developing novel TCM antidiabetic formulations.

Lipid Profiling of Oily Skin in Chinese Female aged 22-28 and 29-35 Defined by the Life Rhythm Theory of Huangdi Neijing

Purpose: According to the life rhythm derived from the ancient Chinese medicine book Huangdi Neijing, female growth and development culminates between the age of 22-28, with strong muscles, bones and vigorous hair. To investigate the characteristics of facial lipid profile in oily skin of female at different developmental stages classified based on seven-year rhythm, and to provide the mechanistic insight into the aging theory of Huangdi Neijing.Methods: The facial lipid composition of two groups of healthy women with oily skin (O1 group: age of 22-28; O2 group: age of 29-35) was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS). Differential lipids between O1 and O2 groups were identified using an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model.Results: No significant difference in skin barrier function was found between the O1 and O2 groups. In contrast, skin elasticity and skin radiance displayed significant changes, with the O2 group showing decreased skin elasticity and dull skin, which is consistent with the description in Huangdi Neijing. In terms of lipid profile, among eight lipid main classes, seven lipid classes [FA], [GL], [GP], [PK], [PR], [SP] and [ST] showed significantly higher relative levels in the O2 group (<i>p</i><0.05). Among the differential lipid species, myriocin, erucamide, phosphatidylserine, flavonoid compounds, and sphinganine were significantly and negatively correlated with skin elasticity (R2) and skin radiance (ITA) (<i>p</i><0.05).Conclusion: The seven lipid species identified are important for targeting markers of skin aging and developing cosmetics that maintain skin elasticity and color.

Understanding Harmony: Human-Nature Relationships in the Huangdi Neijing

The Huangdi Neijing, revered as a foundational text in traditional Chinese medicine, represents an extensive compendium of knowledge attributed to the legendary Yellow Emperor, Huangdi. This ancient manuscript, which consists of two parts, the Suwen, and the Lingshu, is central to the medical practices developed over millennia in East Asia. It profoundly explores health's physiological and metaphysical dimensions, emphasizing the interdependent relationship between human beings and the natural environment. This article investigates how Neijing conceptualizes this relationship, using the yin-yang and the Five Elements frameworks to articulate a dynamic balance influenced by environmental factors. The investigation is framed through the microcosm-macrocosm paradigm, which posits that human health reflects the broader cosmic and ecological order. The findings highlight the historical significance of the Neijing and its contemporary relevance. By bridging ancient wisdom with modern health challenges, this analysis underscores the potential of these traditional principles to enhance modern holistic health practices and influence environmental policies, thus supporting broader societal and ecological well-being.

Acupuncture theory in Huangdi Neijing and launching the natural history of body

Chinese traditional medicine is long in the natural history, which focuses on herbal medicine, but has less discussion on acupuncture. On the basis of exploring the body knowledge in Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor 's Inner Canon) from the perspective of the natural history, especially through the investigation of the evolution of acupoint knowledge, the route of the natural history of body in Huangdi Neijing have been detected in the aspects of observation, record, nomination and classification. In Huangdi Neijing, the natural history of body is characterized by the object annotation, the interaction between the nature and things, and the practicability. Launching the natural history of body is of great significance to understanding the generation of classical body knowledge and constructing acupuncture theory.

Efficacy and Mechanism of Fuyang Yiyin Method in Pulmonary Fibrosis Based on the Theory of Yang Transforming into Qi, Yin Constituting Form

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a common pathological manifestation of various pulmonary diseases, characterized by insidious onset and progression to irreversible organ failure. Currently, there are still inadequacies in the diagnosis and treatment of IPF. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can intervene in IPF at multiple levels, targets, and pathways, possessing significant advantages in the treatment of IPF. The underlying mechanisms deserve further exploration. The theory of Yang Transforming into Qi, Yin Constituting Form in Huangdi Neijing embodies the specific meanings of yin and yang, containing profound views on life and disease. The pathological changes of IPF conform to the theory of yin and yang in Yang Transforming into Qi, Yin Constituting Form, where deficiency of yang transforming into qi and excessive formation of yin constitute the core pathogenesis of IPF. This paper proposes the principle of Fuyang Yiyin for IPF, aiming to nourish the source of fire and dispel yin turbidity, in order to broaden the clinical treatment strategies for IPF.

Exploration of the body from the perspective of acupuncturists: based on the classification of body terms in Huangdi Neijing.

There is a rich record on body terms in Huangdi Neijing (Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic). The authors classify them into 4 dimensions, including "structure of human body", "constant concern of human body", "symptoms" of disease and "sites" of acupuncture, which corresponds to anatomy, physiology, pathology (including diagnosis) and treatment from the perspective of acupuncture. It is based on the knowledge described by these 4 categories of body terms, acupuncturists recognize the body in treatment. Through the correlation among these terms, the acupuncturists understand acupuncture as a therapeutic technique delivered to "the site of needling" under the guidance of ancient anatomy, physiology and pathology.

ZeXieYin formula alleviates atherosclerosis by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway in APOE−/− mice to attenuate vascular inflammation and increase plaque stability

Ethnopharmacological relevanceZexieyin formula (ZXYF), a traditional Chinese herbal formula recorded in the Huangdi Neijing to have efficacy in relieving spleen dampness and heat accumulation syndrome, which is also the key pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS). The efficacy has demonstrated by our previous studies. However, the intrinsic mechanism of ZXYF for treating vascular inflammation and the effect of inflammatory response on plaque are not known. Currently, plaque stabilization is crucial for the prognosis of AS. Aim of the studyOur study mainly focused on the therapeutic effects of ZXYF on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced vascular inflammation and vulnerable plaques (VP) in mice and explored its underlying mechanism. Methods and materialsMale apolipoprotein E knockout (APOE−/−) mice were fed HFD for 8 weeks to establish a VP model. During this period, the mice were also administered ZXYF, while atorvastatin (ATO) was used as a positive control. Aortic plaque area and morphology were detected by oil red staining and HE staining. Aortic plaque collagen content was detected by Masson staining. M1/M2 type macrophages were detected using immunofluorescence (IF). The study analyzed the levels of inflammation-related cytokines (IL-1β, IL-10, IL-6), MAPK/NF-κB pathway proteins, and NLRP3 inflammasomes (NLRP3, Caspase-1) using Western blot. Additionally, the levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) in the aorta were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). The plaque instability index was calculated for each group using the vulnerable plaque formula. ResultsIn this study, APOE−/− mice were fed high-fat diet for 8 weeks. The results of oil-red and HE staining indicated a significant increase in the aortic plaque area of the mice, which exhibited a typical VP phenotype. ZXYF and ATO significantly improved AS plaques and prevented plaque rupture. HFD exacerbated vascular inflammation, stimulated macrophage conversion to M1-type through the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, and released pro-inflammatory factors such as interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-1α, and IL-6. These factors activated NLRP3 inflammasome, leading to cellular death. However, ZXYF could reverse this trend and promote the conversion of macrophages to the anti-inflammatory M2 type. The anti-inflammatory effect of ATO was not significant. Moreover, HFD promoted the release of MMP-2 and MMP-9 from macrophages, which degraded plaque collagen, and induced a decrease in plaque SMC content, resulting in a thinning of the plaque fibrous cap. In contrast, ZXYF inhibited the decomposition of plaque collagen and increased the content of plaque smooth muscle cells (SMC) by reducing macrophage secretion of MMPs, thereby stabilizing plaques. Although ATO could reverse the decrease in plaque collagen and SMC content, its effect on MMPs was not significant. Finally, we calculated the vulnerability index to assess the overall risk of the plaque vulnerability phenotype. In line with these findings, ZXYF and ATO were able to effectively reverse the increase in the vulnerability index caused by HFD and lower the risk of adverse cardiovascular events. ConclusionOur results suggested that ZXYF could reduce inflammation and increase plaque stability by inhibiting the MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provided a theoretical basis for clinical application and subsequent research.

New interpretation of "Miu Ci".

Based on the record of Miu Ci theory from Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic), and incorporating the relevant discussions of medical scholars from various dynasties, this article interprets and analyzes the Miu Ci technique, the points to be needled, and the diseases can be treated. The following innovative understandings are proposed： 1) The original meaning of "Miu" in Miu Ci is "to prick in a different way from the meridians (needle the major collaterals)", not "needle left and right interchangeably". Needle left and right interchangeably is not a necessary operation in Miu Ci. 2) The stimulation sites of Miu Ci are the "four extremities" of the human body, referred to as the "major collaterals of qi", and the nail bed of the four extremities is not equivalent to the commonly reco-gnized "Jing-well points". 3) Miu Ci can treat critical illnesses, not just limited to musculoskeletal pain or mild conditions at the early stage of a disease. 4) Miu Ci is not equivalent to Luo Ci needling (pricking bloodletting therapy).

Highlighting of Tianhui medical bamboo slips: differentiation and integration of Shu and Mai.

The characteristics of acupoint indications vary according to the distribution of acupoints on the body, which is particularly prominent from the perspective of the differences between the acupoints on the trunk and those on the four limbs. The most of meridian-acupoint theories, especially the early theories are based on these differences and collected in Huangdi Neijing (the Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic). Through the interpretation of the newly unearthed Tianhui medical bamboo slips, it is found that the relevant explanation of Shu (six shu-points [back-shu points and Yuanye, GB 22], distributed on the trunk) and Mai (similar to the names of meridians, referring to those except six shu-points; distributed mostly below the elbows and knees of four limbs, especially on the pulsating sites of the wrists and ankles) also confirms the identification of the differences in both indications and theories between the acupoints located on the trunk and those on the four limbs. In the paper, the essential connotation of the relevant classical theories and their construction path are explored so as to reveal the understanding of the core rules of acupuncture-moxibustion theories.

Lipidomics-based analysis of lipid differences between dry skin of women aged 22-28 years and 29-35 years.

The skin condition of women is different at different ages, and skin surface lipids are also different. According to the "7-7 theory" of the Huangdi Neijing, the physiological condition of women changes significantly every 7 years, and women aged 22-28 are in the "4-7" stage as mentioned in the "7-7 theory" of the Huangdi Neijing. Women's skin is in different states at different ages and produces different lipids. To explore the key lipids that contribute to skin differences between women aged 22-28 and 29-35 years, and to explore the relationship with physiological parameters and daily routine. Differential lipids were detected and screened between 22-28 year old (group D1) and 29-35 year old (group D2) dry-skinned women using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS and correlated between the two groups with questionnaires and physiological parameters based on basic information, lifestyle habits, work situation, and emotional stress. The results showed that all of the eight major classes of lipids had the highest expression in the D2 group, with the largest differences in glycerophospholipids, glycerol esters, and fatty acids. The BMI value of D2 group was higher than that of D1 group, the skin elasticity index (R2) and brightness index (L, a, ITA values) were lower than that of D1 group, and Cer (d18:0/16:0) was positively correlated with the R2, L, a, and ITA, and LMSP01080056 (N,N-dimethyl-Safingol) was positively correlated with the b-value, the LMSPGP03020013, LMSPGP03020014, LMSP03020024 were significantly negatively correlated with R2. Cer(d18:0/16:0) is a neurosphingol that inhibits elastase expression. N,N-dimethyl-Safingol readily undergoes oxidation to form yellow-brown solids. The macromolecular structure and excessive carbonyl structure of [LMGP0302] are susceptible to cross-linking and carbonyl stress reactions, which accelerate skin aging and reduce skin elasticity, and thus, they may be key lipids contributing to skin differences between the two age groups.

The modern scientific mystery of traditional Chinese medicine processing——take some common traditional Chinese medicine as examples

The processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a unique traditional pharmaceutical technology in China, which is the most important feature that distinguishes Chinese medicine from natural medicine and plant medicine. Since the record in Huangdi Neijing (Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor), till now, the processing of TCM has experienced more than 2000 years of inheritance, innovation, and development, which is a combination of TCM theory and clinical practice, and plays an extremely important position in the field of TCM. In recent years, as a clinical prescription of TCM, Chinese herbal pieces have played a significant role in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 and exhibited their unique value, and therefore they have become the highlight of China's clinical treatment protocol and provided Chinese experience and wisdom for the international community in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 epidemic. This paper outlines the research progress in the processing of representative TCM in recent years, reviews the mechanism of the related effects of TCM materials after processing, such as changing the drug efficacy and reducing the toxicity, puts forward the integration and application of a variety of new technologies and methods, so as to reveal the modern scientific mystery of the processing technology of TCM.

중국의 인지언어학 연구 동향 분석(1)

The purpose of this study is to analyze the trends in cognitive linguistics research related to Ancient Chinese over the past ten years (2013–2022). The research achievements in ancient Chinese cognitive linguistics analyzed here include academic journal articles uploaded to CNKI and research projects selected by the MOE's national research support program in the last decade. Using CNKI, 178 articles related to this study were extracted from a total of 5,396 academic journal articles on cognitive linguistics focusing on the Chinese language. Basic analyses by year, period, and keywords were conducted, along with multi-layered analyses according to specific research areas. The detailed research fields were divided into seven categories: 'Grammar', 'History of Chinese Language', 'Semantics and Lexicon', 'Pragmatics', 'Chinese Characters', 'Contrastive Linguistics', and 'Translation and Sociolinguistics', with 'Semantics and Lexicon' having the highest proportion of cumulative research achievements. Additionally, there were a total of five research projects selected by the Chinese Ministry of Education, covering topics that combined 'Semantics' with 'Contrast', 'Pragmatics', and 'Grammar'. Among the designated literature studies, the works titled Shuowen Jiezi and Huangdi Neijing held the highest significance.