Huaiyuan County Research Articles

Research on the High-quality Development Mode and Path of Rural “Culture and Tourism +” Integration Based on Data Analysis--Taking Bengbu City, Anhui Province as an Example

Abstract This study focuses on a high-quality development model that integrates cultural tourism (Literature and Tourism) and rural revitalization, and takes Bengbu City in Anhui Province as a case study to explore the implementation path and effect of the “Literature and Tourism +” strategy, to provide theoretical guidance and practical references for the sustainable development of rural economy. The study adopts the literature review methods, fuzzy comprehensive evaluation and entropy weight methods. It constructs the evaluation index system, including economic benefits, social impact, cultural tourism innovation inputs, etc. The study results show that from 2010 to 2023, the implementation path and effect of the “cultural tourism +” strategy will be improved. The results of the study show that in the development of cultural tourism integration in Bengbu City from 2010 to 2023, the number of tourists received increased from 6,424,800 to 8,237,900, the tourism income increased from 6,636,000,000 yuan to 6,989,000,000 yuan, and the proportion of tourism income to GDP increased steadily. Through in-depth analysis, it is found that there are differences in the development of culture and tourism among villages, such as Wuhe County has the highest level of culture and tourism development, while Huaiyuan County has the lowest. The integrated development of culture and tourism in the villages of Bengbu City has achieved positive results. However, it still needs to be further improved in regional cooperation, product restructuring, infrastructure construction, etc.

Molecular Basis of Resistance to Bensulfuron-Methyl in a Smallflower Umbrella Sedge (Cyperus difformis L.) Population from China

Smallflower umbrella sedge (Cyperus difformis L.) is an invasive weed, and infestations of C. difformis are increasing in rice (Oryza sativa L.) fields in China. Bensulfuron-methyl is a widely used sulfonylurea herbicide that inhibits the acetolactate synthase (ALS) enzyme and has been used in recent years for effectively controlling annual weeds in the Cyperaceae family. In this study, a suspected resistant population of C. difformis (BBHY1) was collected from a rice field in Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province, China, that survived treatment with bensulfuron-methyl at the field-recommended rate (FRR). Single-dose tests and whole-plant bioassays confirmed that the BBHY1 population was resistant to bensulfuron-methyl and had evolved a high level of resistance, with a resistance index (RI) of 12.87. Sequencing of the ALS gene revealed a CCT to CAT point mutation at codon 197, which caused a P-to-H substitution in the resistant plants. Analysis of the relative expression of ALS revealed no significant differences between the resistant and susceptible populations. Inhibiting the activity of cytochrome P450s (P450s) or glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) had no significant effect on bensulfuron-methyl resistance. The BBHY1 population exhibited cross-resistance to pyrazosulfuron-ethyl, penoxsulam, and bispyribac-sodium, with RIs ranging from 5.48 to 20.63, but remained susceptible to MCPA sodium, florpyrauxifen-benzyl, and bentazon, with RIs of <1.00. These herbicides could be potentially used as alternatives for controlling resistant populations and managing herbicide resistance in other aggressive weeds in rice fields.

Promoting rural economic development in many ways under the strategy of rural revitalization-A case study of Jingxing Township in Huaiyuan, Bengbu

The No.1 Document of the Central Committee in 2021 pointed out that it is necessary to comprehensively promote rural revitalization as a major task to realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. After realizing a well-off society in an all-round way, common prosperity is the universal appeal of all the people. Jingxing Township in Huaiyuan County has superior geographical conditions, located at the junction of five rivers, only 5 kilometers away from the county seat, and has excellent water resources and eco-cultural tourism landscape. Adhering to the green development concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", local governments should carry out reforms according to the actual situation, take measures simultaneously, and actively promote the rural revitalization strategy to take root. However, at present, the scope of cultural revitalization is still somewhat narrow, and there are still many tourism resources to be further developed. The ecological environment is people's livelihood, and the core of industrial prosperity is to activate the ecological resources that have been precipitated for a long time without being priced in the industrialized era. To implement the rural revitalization strategy, we need to adhere to green development and make a good ecology a solid support point for rural revitalization. Do a good job in the organic combination of industrial revitalization, cultural revitalization and ecological revitalization, and jointly promote the rural revitalization and long-term development of Jingxing Township.

Sports Rehabilitation Base in Natural Environment Helps College Students' Psychological Anxiety

For the growing number of college students with anxiety, how to help college students control anxiety or cope with anxiety has become the focus of social and mental health research. Through the questionnaire data on college students' anxiety factors and the analysis of the treatment methods for the corresponding symptoms in China, we can learn that there are some drawbacks in the common anxiety symptoms of college students and the existing treatment methods for middle and low levels of psychological anxiety in China. Therefore, based on the results of relevant papers, our team summarized several relevant research on treatment methods, synthesized two more effective treatment methods, put forward the idea of "setting up a base in an outdoor natural environment, and then carrying out aerobic exercise", and established the feasibility of Huaiyuan County's environment through the evaluation of relevant indicators and the field survey of the scheduled treatment sites, It also predicts that aerobic exercise in the base set up in the outdoor natural environment has practical effect on the treatment of psychological anxiety.

First Report of Pomegranate Fruit Rot Caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea in Anhui Province of China

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an important commercial fruit rich in antioxidants grown worldwide and China has the biggest planting area in the world. In spring 2019, symptoms of fruit rot were observed for the first time in some orchards located in Huaiyuan County of Anhui Province, one of the main pomegranate producing areas in China. Disease symptoms on fruit were characterized by enlarging and merging coarse irregular spots that coalesced and became large decay lesions on the fruit surface. Infected fruits developed internal rot, became discolor and dropped. Aggregated pycnidia were found in a black stroma on fallen mummified fruit. For isolation of the pathogen, more than twenty infected pomegranate fruit samples were collected from an orchard. After surface cleaning with sterile water to clear away some dust and other microbes, dried and disinfected with 70% ethanol for 1 minute, rinsed twice with sterile water, small pieces with diseased and healthy tissue parts were placed on water agar plates (WA). Small piece of every fungal isolate grown on the WA was transferred onto PDA and incubated at 28 °C for 5 days. All fungal colonies on potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates gradually changed from gray to dark grey with olive green back and abundant aerial mycelia, bearing pycnidia with fusiform, hyaline and 16.2 to 20.1× 3.8 to 5.4 μm (n = 50) in size. Twenty isolates with the similar cultural characteristics were stored for further work. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, β-tubulin gene (TUB) and translation elongation factor 1-α (EF 1-α) gene were amplified and sequenced from three typical isolates using the universal primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (White et al. 1990), Bt2a/Bt2b (Glass et al. 1995) and EF1-728F/EF1-986R (Carbone et al. 1999), respectively. The BLAST results of ITS (MN453421), TUB (MN515421), and EF 1-α (MN515422) sequences showed 99.64%, 99.07% and 98.89% identity with the B. dothidea sequences available in the GenBank database (KP708996, MH724212 and KP183206), respectively. To complete Koch's postulates, healthy fresh pomegranate fruits were disinfected with 70% ethanol solution for one minute and rinsed with distilled water. Fruits were allowed to dry and inoculated on the wounded surface using a mycelial plug of 5 mm in diameter excised from the edges of actively growing fungal colonies, fruits were inoculated with PDA plugs served as negative control. Three fruits were used for each treatment and control. These fruits were kept under high humidity (95% RH) using sterile distilled water in artificial incubator and the experiment was repeated twice. Decay lesions resembling natural infections were observed on fruits after 5-7 days of inoculation. Re-isolation of the pathogen, which was also identified based on the above morphological and molecular analysis as B. dothidea, produced the same fungus as the one used for inoculating the fruit, thus completing the Koch's postulates. Therefore, the pathogen of this pomegranate fruit rot in China is B. dothidea. Botryosphaeria pomegranate rot caused by B. dothidea in Florida has been reported previously and was hypothesized that this fungus could be transmitted by leaf-footed bug (Leptoglossus clypealis, Michailides, 2014). To our knowledge, this is the first report of B. dothidea causing fruit rot on pomegranate in China.

Trp-1999-Ser mutation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and cytochrome P450s-involved metabolism confer resistance to fenoxaprop-P-ethyl in Polypogon fugax.

Asia minor bluegrass (Polypogon fugax Nees ex Steud.) is an invasive grass species severely infesting wheat and canola fields in China. In May 2017, a suspected resistant P. fugax population AHHY that survived fenoxaprop-P-ethyl applied at its field-recommended rate was collected from a wheat field in Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province, China. This study aimed to determine the resistance profile of AHHY to acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors and to investigate its mechanisms of resistance to fenoxaprop. Single-dose testing indicated that the AHHY population had evolved resistance to fenoxaprop. The partial carboxyltransferase domain of ACCase in P. fugax was amplified and compared. Four loci encoding plastidic ACCase were isolated from both the resistant and sensitive individuals. Combining gene sequencing with the derived cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence assay, we found that 100% of the plants of AHHY carried Trp-1999-Ser mutation in their ACCase1,1-2 allele. Whole-plant dose-response bioassay indicated that AHHY was highly resistant to fenoxaprop and pinoxaden (resistance index (RI) ≥ 10) with low resistance to clodinafop-propargyl, sethoxydim, and clethodim (2 ≤ RI < 5). Pre-treatment with piperonyl butoxide largely reduced (55%) the weed's resistance to fenoxaprop. Both basal and fenoxaprop-induced glutathione S-transferases activities toward 1-chloro-2, 4-dinitrobenzene were significantly higher in resistant plants than in susceptible plants. This study revealed that P. fugax had multiple alleles encoding plastidic ACCase, and reported for the first time the occurrence of Trp-1999-Ser mutation and non-target-site resistance in this species. Fenoxaprop resistance in AHHY plants was conferred by target-site mutation and P450s-involved enhanced metabolism. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.

First Report of a Fruit Rot and Twig Blight on Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Caused by Pilidiella granati in Anhui Province of China.

Pomegranate, Punica granatum Linn., is widely planted as an ornamental and a fruit crop in Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province, which is the primary pomegranate production area in China. In the early summer of 2012, twig dieback and fruit rot were observed on about 10% and 30% of the pomegranate trees, respectively, in several villages of Huaiyuan County. Necrosis was observed in the twigs, resulting in death of the branches. On fruit, dry rot started at the sepals, covered the entire surface in severely infected fruit, and eventually resulted in shriveling of the fruit. Abundant, black, and solitary pycnidia were observed on diseased twigs and fruit. Pieces of tissue (3 mm in size) from diseased twigs and sepals were surface-disinfected in 75% ethanol for 1 min, washed in sterile water three times, plated on potato dextrose agar (PDA) acidified with 2.5 ml 85% lactic acid per liter, and incubated at 25°C. Resulting fungal cultures produced pale green or white aerial mycelia and sporulated after 5 to 7 days. Pycnidia, ~80 to 130 μm in diameter, were globose and black with thin and membranous walls and contained hyaline, one-celled, and ellipsoid to fusiform conidia, averaging 10.8 to 17.2 × 2.9 to 4.7 μm in size. These morphological features were consistent with Pilidiella granati Sacc. (= Coniella granati Sacc.) (2). Genomic DNA from each of the 10 isolates was extracted and purified using a DNA Gel Extraction Kit (AxyPrep, Hangzhou, China), and PCR was conducted using a DNA Engine System PTC-200 (BIO-RAD, Watertown, MA) with ITS1 and ITS4 internal transcribed spacer universal primers. A single 616-bp fragment was amplified from all 10 isolates and sequenced. Sequence analysis revealed that the ITS from these isolates were identical (100% similarity, GeneBank Accession No. KF560320) to each other and showed >99.5% similarity with those of the P. granti isolates deposited in GenBank (AY339342.1). To evaluate pathogenicity, mycelial plugs (5 mm diameter) from 7-day-old PDA cultures were transferred onto the non-wounded sepals of pomegranate fruit (one plug per fruit, six fruits per isolate), and then all inoculated fruit were placed in plastic bags and maintained at 25°C for 14 days. In addition, twigs on pomegranate plant growing in the field were inoculated by placing mycelial plugs of the fungus on young bark and covered with cotton saturated with sterile water (one plug per twig, six twigs per isolate). Sterile PDA plugs were used as controls in both tests. All 10 isolates colonized the fruit after 5 to 8 days; this was followed by the appearance of dry rot and formation of abundant pycnidia after 10 to 12 days. No decay was observed on the control fruit. Isolates were also pathogenic on twigs, resulting in brown lesions after 2 months that were 2 to 5 cm long. No lesions were observed on the control twigs. Furthermore, the pathogen was isolated from all inoculated fruit and twig tissues and identified to be P. granati as described above, fulfilling Koch's postulates. This pathogen has been reported in Spain (3), Greece (4), and Iran (1), causing crown rot on pomegranate in addition to infecting fruit, but has not been reported previously in Anhui Province of China. This disease is an emerging problem in Anhui Province and will necessitate the development of new disease management practices to sustain commercial production in this region.

English

A total of 596 blood samples from agrarian residents, and 132 from goats, 12 from dogs and six from cattle were collected from 3 rural Counties including Guangde, Mingguang and Huaiyuan in Anhui Province. The survey questions presumed exposure risk of Anaplasma phagocytophilum were recorded for each participant and statistically analyzed. The antibodies against A. phagocytophilum were determined using an immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and the A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene was amplified and analyzed for the DNAs of the blood samples of febrile participants and domestic animals using nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The average percentage of A. phagocytophilum was 44.6% for human, 33.3% for dogs, 0.8% for goats and 0% for cattle, respectively. The positive rate of the 16S rRNA gene (389 bp) of A. phagocytophilum in dogs, goats and cattle was 25.0, 33.3 and 0%, respectively. Two genotypes of A. phagocytophilum were identified and group A was dominantly endemic in Huaiyuan County while group B was mainly located in Guangde County. Living Mountain regions, outdoor activities, contacting animals, fever history, more than 3 h of working per day and more than 2 years of servers might be increased at risk of exposure A. phagocytophilum in these areas of Anhui Province. Key words: A. phagocytophilum, seroepedemiology, prevalence, Anhui Province of China.

Public transit network planning in small cites considering safety and convenience

Scientific and rational public transit network planning, not only can effectively alleviate city traffic congestion, but also can reduce the risk of accidents. First, based on the data of residents’ travel survey, this article employs the multiple regression method to forecast the traffic generation and adopts the double-constrained gravity model to forecast the residents’ travel distribution of small cites. Second, by aiming at public transit planning objectives, the unsafe roads for public transit are screened, and the public transit trip-mode sharing rate is set as the interval value. According to the interval value, the public transit trip-mode sharing rate is divided into three cases, and the three alternatives of public transit network are calculated based on the network optimization method and the public transit-oriented development model. Next, the alternatives are evaluated by the set pair analysis method, and the optimal scheme is selected. Finally, this article takes the public transit network planning of Huaiyuan County in Anhui Province as an example, and the results show the proposed method is feasible.

Asthma as a hidden disease in rural China: opportunities and challenges of standard case management.

To assess the implementation of standard case management of asthma in Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province, China, in 2008. The study project began with the local adaptation of international asthma guidelines, followed by a situation analysis, pre-intervention study, training and intervention. Inhaled beclomethasone (US$15 for a 200-puff [250 µg/puff] inhaler) was prescribed for patients with persistent asthma. Treatment outcome was assessed at 1 year after enrolment. Asthma was never diagnosed in the participating facilities before the project was introduced. Of the 95 patients diagnosed with persistent asthma, 72 (75.8%) were prescribed inhaled beclomethasone, and 23 (24.2%) were not, because they either refused to use inhaled beclomethasone or did not return after the initial visit. At 1 year evaluation, of the 72 patients with persistent asthma treated with inhaled corticosteroids, 12 (16.7%) improved, 7 (9.7%) remained stable, none were worse, 1 (1.4%) had died, and 52 (72.2%) were lost to follow-up. Of the 52 patients lost to follow-up, 25 (48%) were found to be alive but had stopped using inhaled beclomethasone. Asthma is more frequently disabling and costly than had been recognised earlier. Asthma patients can be provided the care that they require, but affordable access to inhaled corticosteroids remains a challenge.

Vector capacity of Anopheles sinensis in malaria outbreak areas of central China.

BackgroundBoth falciparum and vivax malaria were historically prevalent in China with high incidence. With the control efforts, the annual incidence in the whole country has reduced to 0.0001% except in some areas in the southern borders after 2000. Despite this, the re-emergence or outbreak of malaria was unavoidable in central China during 2005–2007. In order to understand the role of the vector in the transmission of malaria during the outbreak period, the vector capacity of An. sinensis in Huanghuai valley of central China was investigated.FindingsThe study was undertaken in two sites, namely Huaiyuan county of Anhui province and Yongcheng county of Henan province. In each county, malaria cases were recorded for recent years, and transmission risk factors for each study village including anti-mosquito facilities and total number of livestock were recorded by visiting each household in the study sites. The specimens of mosquitoes were collected in two villages, and population density and species in each study site were recorded after the identification of different species, and the blood-fed mosquitoes were tested by ring precipitation test. Finally, various indicators were calculated to estimate vector capacity or dynamics, including mosquito biting rate (MBR), human blood index (HBI), and the parous rates (M). Finally, the vector capacity, as an important indicator of malaria transmission to predict the potential recurrence of malaria, was estimated and compared in each study site.About 93.0% of 80 households in Huaiyuan and 89.3% of 192 households in Yongcheng had anti-mosquito facilities. No cattle or pigs were found, only less than 10 sheep were found in each study village. A total of 94 and 107 Anopheles spp. mosquitos were captured in two study sites, respectively, and all of An. sinensis were morphologically identified. It was found that mosquito blood-feeding peak was between 9:00 pm and 12:00 pm. Man biting rate of An. sinensis was 6.0957 and 5.8621 (mosquitoes/people/night) estimated by using half-night human bait trap method and full-capture method, respectively. Human blood indexes (HBI) were 0.6667 (6/9) and 0.6429 (18/28), and man-biting habits were 0.2667 and 0.2572 in two sites, respectively. Therefore, the expectation of infective life and vector capacity of An. sinensis was 0.3649-0.4761 and 0.5502-0.7740, respectively, in Huanhuai valley of central China where the outbreak occurred, which is much higher than that in the previous years without malaria outbreak.ConclusionsThis study suggests that vivax malaria outbreak in Huanhuai valley is highly related to the enhancement in vector capacity of An. sinensis for P. vivax, which is attributed to the local residents’ habits and the remarkable drop in the number of large livestock leading to disappearance of traditional biological barriers.

Anaplasmosis in farmers and domestic animals in Anhui province, China

Objective To investigate the epidemiological status of anaplasmosis among farmers and domestic animals in Guangde County where the unusual nosocomial human to human transmission of human granulocytic anaplasmosis occurred in Anhui province and the index patient in this event lived, as well as Huaiyuan County and Mingguang City in Anhui province. Methods From April to May in 2009, 596 farmers, 132 goats, 12 dogs and 6 cows was collected from Guangde, Mingguang and Huaiyuan counties and the IgG antibodies against A. phagocytophilum in farmers, goats, dogs and cattle was determined using an immunofluorescence assay (IFA). The A. phagocytophilum 16S rRNA gene was amplified from blood samples from domestic animals using nested PCR, and the genetic diversity of the 16S rRNA gene was analysed. Results The percentage of farmers with IgG antibodies against A. phagocytophilum in the 3 survey counties was 33.7%, and the individual percentages for Guangde, Mingguang and Huaiyuan counties were 76.5%, 59.2% and 10.4%, respectively. The total seroprevalence in dogs, goats and cattle was 33.3%, 0.8% and 0%, respectively. The percentage of samples positive for amplification of the 16S rRNA gene of A. phagocytophilum in goats, dogs and cattle was 33.3%, 25.0% and 0%, respectively. Analysis of the genetic diversity of the 16S rRNA gene showed that there were two genotypes of A. phagocytophilum. Group A was endemic in Guangde County, which is located in the southeast of Anhui province, where the nosocomial human granulocytic outbreak of anaplasmosis in 2006 occurred. Group B was located north of Huaiyuan County. Conclusions We concluded the prevalence of A. phagocytophilum among farmers and domestic animals in Anhui province was demonstrated, and diagnosis and differential diagnosis of zoonotic “rickettsial” infections should be emphasized in clinical practice. A systemic ecological survey should be conducted to reduce the public health threat to humans and animals.

Segmentation of the Longmen Mountains thrust belt, Western Sichuan Foreland Basin, SW China

Many complex structures have developed in the Longmen Mountains thrust belt, SW China, over the course of polyphase tectonic movements in the region. Based on field investigations and interpretations of seismic sections, we divided the belt into the following three segments and two transfer zones (from northeast to southwest): the northern segment, Anxian transfer zone (Ta), central segment, Guanxian transfer zone (Tg), and southern segment. The northern segment, located north of Anxian County, consists of the Jiaoziding nappe, comprising a Triassic–Jurassic fold belt and a plastically deformed Silurian belt. The northern segment can be further divided into four sub-segments: the Guangyuan–Chaotianyi sub-segment (N1), Baitianba–Guangyuan sub-segment (N2), Wenxingchang–Baitianba sub-segment (N3), and Wuzhong Mountain–Tangwangzhai nappe sub-segment (N4). The Anxian transfer zone (Ta), located between Yuanmenba Town and Hanwangchang Town, consists of numerous thrust faults and strike-slip faults at shallow levels, with duplexes and detachment structures at deeper levels. The central segment, which consists of the Jiudingshan nappe and numerous klippes and thrust faults, is located between Hanwangchang Town and Guanxian County. This segment can be divided into two sub-segments: the Mianzhu–Mianyang sub-segment (C1) and the Dayuanbao sub-segment (C2). The Guanxian transfer zone, which is characterized by numerous thrust faults, strike-slip faults, and duplexes, is located between Guanxian County and Huaiyuan County. The southern segment, which consists of the Baoxing nappe and contains arcuate thrust faults, is located south of Huaiyuan County. The southern segment is divided into three sub-segments: the Huaiyuan–Xinchang sub-segment (S1), Xinchang–Lushan sub-segment (S2), and southern arcuate sub-segment (S3).

Analysis of the Demand for Weather Index Agricultural Insurance on Household level in Anhui, China

As an innovative tool, weather index agricultural insurance (WIAI) was introduced into China in 2008. Before product designing and selling to farmers, it is necessary to understand farmers’ real desire so that the product can be tailored to fit their needs. This paper focuses on the demand analysis for WIAI on household level. With this goal, 660 households located in 22 administrative villages in Changfeng and Huaiyuan county, Anhui province, China were surveyed. Survey questions covered risks faced by households, their coping mechanisms and willingness to pay for WIAI. Survey data were assessed and findings are shown as below: drought and flood were major weather risks for crops; the key coping strategies to crop loss were seeking employment elsewhere, or borrowing money from relatives or friends; most of investigated farmers showed interest in WIAI; those who were more familiar with insurance, or whose losses were higher due to deficient or excessive rainfall, or who had more trust in the accuracy of local weather forecasts, expressed more interest in WIAI with the quite low correlation coefficient, while statistically significant. It hints that there are potential demands for WIAI among farmers. However, methodologies deserve further development so as to provide more reliable assessment of the relationships between the willingness to pay and the abovementioned three factors.

Evaluation of small town development and strategies in county level:Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province as an example

Development of small towns is the key to China’s urbanization and the increase of farmers’ income. During the past several years the developments of small towns have made great progress in China and lots of researches have quickened their pace of research on the development of small towns.But we should acknowledge that in the process of small town development lots of problems have appeared and needed to be solved successfully for sustainable development, such as how to get harmonious economic and environmental development, how to balance the disparity between rich and poor, etc. So the researchers should pay more attention to the development of small towns and put forward more feasible suggestions to facilitate the development. This paper tries to analyze the development of small towns by using theories and measures different from conventional by taking Huaiyuan County, Anhui Province as an example. Firstly it acknowledges the Huaiyuan County has made rapid progress in small town development in the past several years. Then it points out the problems related to the development, including the unreasonable planning and allocation, insufficiency of construction fund, the lag of basic infrastructure and lack of talented personnel and so on. In order to get more legible judgment the authors analyze the developing level of Huaiyuan County by using quantitative method. The author takes the density of roads in towns, the level of labor forces’ income and other factors as the evaluating index. The result indicates that Huaiyuan County is undergoing the transition period from the prophase to the metaphase of the small town development. Considering the situation and problems in Huaiyuan's development, the author identifies several strategies to ameliorate its development. Firstly, to pay more attention to the construction of epicenter towns. Taking the quantity of exporting commodities, the increase of investment from outside and other ten factors as index, the authors filtrate out Chenji, Zhutuan, Dongmiao, Xiaoyi, Boji and Gucheng towns as the centric towns. All the towns have great potential and influence to the surrounding towns. The local government should pay more attention and provide funds to these towns to make them develop more efficiently and speedy in the future. Furthermore, the authors put forward some suggestions to accelerate the development of Huaiyuan County. They are: to collect funds from multiple channels; to protect the environment and pay more attention to the sustainable development; and to consummate the market system.

Investigating Injuries among Middle and Primary School Students in Huaiyuan County

Investigating Injuries among Middle and Primary School Students in Huaiyuan County