Safety Of HPV Vaccine Research Articles

Indonesian Mothers' Experience of Their Daughter's HPV Vaccination, and Factors Associated with Their Willingness to Recommend HPV Vaccination for Girls.

In Indonesia, knowledge of parents' experiences of their daughters' HPV vaccination in school settings is limited. As Indonesia seeks to scale up its HPV vaccination program nationwide, parents' perspectives hold important insights into how elements of the vaccination model can be sustained and improved. This study explored mothers' experiences of their daughters' HPV vaccination experiences, their knowledge of HPV risks and prevention, and factors associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination for girls. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 143 mothers of schoolgirls who had received HPV vaccination at schools in Yogyakarta and Jakarta. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination. Chi-square and independent t-tests were performed to assess relationships between variables. One-way ANOVA was used to test mean differences in knowledge scores among mothers with different education levels. Many respondents (62.4%) received key health information before their daughters' HPV vaccination. Mothers' average knowledge score was 6.07/10 (SD 2.35). Receiving satisfactory information was significantly associated with willingness to recommend HPV vaccination for girls to others. A significant association was found between mothers' willingness to recommend HPV vaccination and having ever participated in cervical cancer screening themselves. Providing consistent health information that addresses the knowledge gaps and affirms the benefits and safety of HPV vaccines can improve the likelihood of mothers recommending HPV vaccination to others. The benefit of a synchronized approach to promoting primary and secondary prevention was supported by the findings.

Impact of Emotional Awareness on Responses to Vaccine-Related Narrative Misinformation

ABSTRACT Emotionally evocative narratives are a common strategy to spread vaccine-related misinformation on social media. This study tested the use of two emotional awareness strategies – affect labeling and reflections of feelings – to mitigate the impact of misinformation. The online experiment (N = 143) found that emotional awareness (vs. control) led to greater felt emotions and concerns about HPV vaccine safety among female participants. Felt emotions further mediated the effect of emotional awareness (vs. control) on intentions to share misinformation and concerns about HPV vaccine safety. These findings suggest that emotional awareness may be ineffective at addressing narrative misinformation on social media.

Perspectives of HPV vaccination among young adults: a qualitative systematic review and evidence synthesis protocol

IntroductionHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent of nearly all cervical cancers. Despite the proven safety and efficacy of HPV vaccines in preventing HPV-related cancers, the global vaccine coverage rate...

Public perception of the resumption of HPV vaccine recommendation in Japan: Twitter content analysis.

On 12 November 2021, after a stagnation of 8.5 years, Japan decided to resume proactive recommendations for HPV vaccines. However, it is not known how the public reacted to the resumption of proactive recommendations for HPV vaccines, which are key elements in health communication that promote HPV vaccination. This study aimed to capture discussions on HPV vaccination on Twitter and to identify user characteristics, sentiments, discussed themes and their potential reach before and after 12 November 2021, when the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare's decision to resume proactive recommendation for HPV vaccines was first reported by the media in Japan. This study conducted a content analysis of tweets related to HPV vaccines posted on 11 November and 12 November 2021. Tweets were coded in terms of user characteristics, sentiments (i.e. positive, negative and neutral) and themes. Reach was measured by the number of retweets, likes and followers. A total of 3623 tweets were identified. The results showed that approximately 50% of health professionals and researchers tweeted neutral content about HPV vaccines. The most frequently discussed theme was the safety and side effects of HPV vaccines, which was accompanied by mainly negative sentiments. Although health professionals and researchers are influential on Twitter, half of them tweeted neutrally about HPV vaccines. Influential professionals, such as health professionals and researchers, are expected to disseminate accurate information to correct misinformation and recommend HPV vaccination on Twitter to overcome the HPV vaccination crisis, which is characterized by the low vaccination rates.

Different dose series of human papillomavirus vaccine in young females: a pair-wise meta-analysis and network meta-analysis from randomized controlled trials.

To investigate the application value of different dose of HPV vaccine in young females. The following databases were searched: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, SINOMED, and Wanfang Data, from the establishment of the database to August 1st, 2022. The inclusion criterias were: healthy young women younger than 25 years old as the research object, randomized controlled study as the research type, and the efficacy and safety of single-dose, two-dose or three-dose HPV vaccines as the intervention measures and research endpoints. Meta-analysis was performed to analyze the protective effects of single-dose, 2-dose and 3-dose HPV vaccine series on young females. A total of eight eligible studies involving 16 publications were included. There is no difference in the immunogenicity between the 2-dose and 3-dose series within 12 months after the last dose of HPV vaccine. However, 3-dose series was better than the 2-dose series, which performed better than the single-dose vaccine, after 12 months. With respect to the prevention of HPV16/18 infection or HPV31/33/45 infection, the single-dose vaccine worked better than 2-dose or 3-dose series. The present study showed that the immunogenicity of low-dose HPV vaccine was significantly less, but it reduced the risk of high-risk HPV infection. The low-dose HPV vaccine series may not offer a preventive effect on cervical lesions, though it needs to be further confirmed by additional studies.

Factors associated with HPV vaccine acceptability and hesitancy among Black mothers with young daughters in the United States.

Compared to other-race peers, Black women are disproportionately impacted by human papillomavirus [HPV] infection, related health outcomes, and cervical cancer mortality as a result of suboptimal HPV vaccine uptake during adolescence. Few studies in the United States have examined psychosocial determinants of HPV vaccine acceptability and hesitancy among Black parents. The current study integrated the health belief model and the theory of planned behavior to evaluate the extent to which psychosocial factors are associated with pediatric HPV vaccination intentions among this population. Black mothers (N = 402; age range = 25 to 69 years, M = 37.45, SD = 7.88) of daughters ages 9 to 15 years completed an online survey assessing HPV infection and vaccine beliefs and attitudes across four domains: Mother's HPV Perceptions, Mother's Vaccine Attitudes, Cues to Action, and Perceived Barriers to HPV Vaccination. Participants indicated their willingness to vaccinate their daughter on a 5-level ordinal scale ("I will definitely not have my daughter get the vaccine" to "I will definitely have my daughter get the vaccine") which was dichotomously recoded for binomial logistic regressions. Half of the sample (48%) intended to vaccinate their daughter. Number of daughters, mother's HPV vaccine status, perceived HPV vaccine benefits, HPV vaccine safety concerns, pediatric HPV vaccine peer norms, and doctor recommendations emerged as independent factors of Black mothers' intentions to vaccinate their daughters against HPV when controlling for all other factors. In addition to medical training to increase doctor recommendation of the HPV vaccine for Black girls, population-tailored public health messaging aimed at promoting HPV vaccine acceptance among Black mothers is urgently needed. This messaging should engage community support and emphasize the benefits of vaccination for adolescent Black girls while also addressing parental concerns regarding the safety of pediatric HPV vaccination.

Perception of Barriers to and Factors Associated with HPV Vaccination Among Parents of American Indian Adolescents in the Cherokee Nation.

The purpose of this study was to understand the perceptions of HPV vaccination barriers and factors among parents or guardians of American Indian adolescents in the Cherokee Nation. Fifty-four parents of American Indian adolescents in the Cherokee Nation participated in one of eleven focus group discussions from June to August 2019. Discussions were recorded, transcribed, coded, and analyzed for themes. Protection against cancer was the primary parent-reported reason for vaccinating their children against HPV. The lack of information and safety concerns about the HPV vaccine were the main reasons for non-vaccination. To increase HPV vaccine uptake, parents strongly supported offering vaccinations in school. Furthermore, increased healthcare provider-initiated discussion can ease parental concerns about HPV vaccine safety and improve coverage.

HPV virus as the main cause of cervical cancer, vaccination - literature review

HPV infection is one of the most common viral infection of the female and male reproductive tract worldwide. Most of the human papillomavirus infections cause no symptoms and go away on their own. Some infections develop into persistent infection, which can lead to the development of cancer of the cervix, anogenital, oral cavity and pharynx.In this paper, we focused on cervical cancer, which is the second most common cancer in the world among women. More than 300,000 women died from this cancer in 2020. The invention and introduction of prophylactic HPV vaccines has played a significant role in reducing the number of viral infections, thus reducing the incidence of benign and malignant diseases caused by them and the mortality resulting from them. There are three vaccines on the pharmaceutical marketfor prevention of specific HPV infection. They are: a bivalent vaccine Cervarix, a tetravalent vaccine Gardasil and a nonavalent vaccine Gardasil 9. These vaccines are safe because they do not contain an attenuated virus particle, but their production is based on a virus-like particle of the main capsid protein L1-VLP. Gardasil 9 targets nine HPV types andcomparing to the other two vaccines it is the most effective at preventing the development of preinvasive cervical cancer. WHO recommends administering them to girls aged 9 to 14 in a two-dose schedule or from 15 years of age in a three-dose schedule. The side effects of the above-mentioned vaccines were mostly associated with a cutaneous reactions around the site of injection (pain, redness, swelling), and some people also experienced systemic symptoms such as a headache, a fever, vomiting, a dizziness, muscle pain and a diarrhea. The following article is an analysis of the current knowledge on the effectiveness and safety of prophylactic HPV vaccines based on publications available in the Pubmed and Google Scholar databases.

Safety of the 9-valent HPV vaccine in pregnancy base on adverse events reported in VAERS

Safety of the 9-valent HPV vaccine in pregnancy base on adverse events reported in VAERS

Extended surveillance to assess safety of 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine

ABSTRACT The safety of 9-valent HPV vaccine (9vHPV) has been established with regard to common and uncommon adverse events. However, investigation of rare and severe adverse events requires extended study periods to capture rare outcomes. This observational cohort study investigated the occurrence of three rare and serious adverse events following 9-valent human papillomavirus (9vHPV) vaccination compared to other vaccinations, in US individuals 9–26 years old, using electronic health record data from the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD). We searched for occurrences of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and stroke following 9vHPV vaccination from October 4, 2015, through January 2, 2021. We compared the risks of GBS, CIDP, and stroke following 9vHPV vaccination to risks of those outcomes following comparator vaccines commonly given to this age group (Td, Tdap, MenACWY, hepatitis A, and varicella vaccines) from January 1, 2007, through January 2, 2021. We observed 1.2 cases of stroke, 0.3 cases of GBS, and 0.1 cases of CIDP per 100,000 doses of 9vHPV vaccine. After observing more than 1.8 million doses of 9vHPV, we identified no statistically significant increase in risks associated with 9vHPV vaccination for any of these adverse events, either combined or stratified by age (9–17 years of age vs. 18–26 years of age) and sex (males vs. females). Our findings provide additional evidence supporting 9vHPV vaccine safety, over longer time frames and for more serious and rare adverse events.

Effectiveness, immunogenicity, and safety of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in women and men aged 27–45 years

ABSTRACT Among women aged 27–45 years, the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV; HPV6/11/16/18) vaccine was generally well tolerated, efficacious, and immunogenic in the placebo-controlled FUTURE III study (NCT00090220; n = 3253). The qHPV vaccine was also generally well tolerated and highly immunogenic in men aged 27–45 years who participated in the single-cohort mid-adult male (MAM) study (NCT01432574; n = 150). Here, we report results of a long-term follow up (LTFU) extension of FUTURE III with up to 10 years follow-up. To understand the relevance of the mid-adult women LTFU study in the context of mid-adult men vaccination, we report results from post-hoc, cross-study immunogenicity analyses conducted to compare immunogenicity (geometric mean titers; GMTs) at 1-month post-qHPV vaccine dose 3 in women and men aged 27–45 years versus women and men aged 16–26 years from prior efficacy studies. The qHPV vaccine demonstrated durable protection against the combined endpoint of HPV6/11/16/18-related high-grade cervical dysplasia and genital warts up to 10 years (median 8.9) post-dose 3 and sustained HPV6/11/16/18 antibody responses through approximately 10 years in women aged 27–45 years. Efficacy of qHPV vaccine in men aged 27–45 years was inferred based on the cross-study analysis of qHPV vaccine immunogenicity demonstrating non-inferior HPV6/11/16/18 antibody responses in men aged 27–45 years versus 16–26 years. In conclusion, durable effectiveness of the qHPV vaccine was demonstrated in women 27–45 years of age, and vaccine efficacy was inferred in men 27–45 years of age based on the serological results.

Edukasi Kanker Serviks dan Efektivitas Vaksin HPV Sejak Dini di SMAN 2 Pekanbaru

In 2013, the number of cervical cancer cases in Riau Province reached 894 cases. In 2020, RSUD Arifin Achmad Riau Province reported the cervical cancer was the third rank below breast and ovarian cancer. Cervical cancer has major risk factor named by HPV virus. HPV vaccine has been reported to adequate to eliminate HPV viruses. The Indonesian government has provided the health facilities to decrease cervical cancer sufferers by providing HPV vaccines. However, vulnerable women are not ready to be vaccinated. Education level is one of the factors. Hence, we try to intervene the mind of SMAN 2 Pekanbaru female students by offer early knowledge regarding the risk factors of cervical cancer, how to prevent as well as socialize HPV vaccine effectivity and safety. Educational and outreach activities were carried out by material presentation method by a direct meeting which interactive and educative. Feedback data collection from the activities was given through the Google Form platform. This activity was held on Monday, 22nd November 2021 at 09.00 – 10.35 West Indonesian Time, joined by 20 female students of SMAN 2 Pekanbaru which included three grade levels, X, XI, and XII class. According to the results of the questionnaire, we obtained the improvement of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine information. Moreover, this activity upgraded the awareness of cervical cancer prevention, by as much as 25% (N=12). We may conclude that education on cervical cancer is tremendously important to young women as our effort to decrease cervical cancer cases in the future.

Parent Engagement with a Self-Tailored Cancer Prevention Digital Behavior Change Intervention: Exploratory Application of Affiliation Network Analysis.

Evaluating digital behavior change intervention engagement is complex and requires multidimensional and novel approaches that are emerging. The relationship and interdependence between engagement with the technology and engagement with the psychosocial or behavior change process often presents conceptual and evaluative challenges. Large objective data sets detailing technology use are plentiful but meaningful interpretation can be challenging at granular levels. Affiliation network analysis which describes two-mode network data may provide a novel approach to evaluate engagement of digital behavior change interventions. The purpose of this paper is to use affiliation network analysis as an exploratory method to describe, assess and visualize content-specific patterns underlying psychosocial characteristics related to HPV vaccine safety concerns of parents using the HPVcancerFree intervention. Results indicate that affiliation network analysis shows promise in supplementing existing methods to assess engagement of digital interventions.

The looming health hazard: A wave of HPV-related cancers in Japan is becoming a reality due to the continued suspension of the governmental recommendation of HPV vaccine

The looming health hazard: A wave of HPV-related cancers in Japan is becoming a reality due to the continued suspension of the governmental recommendation of HPV vaccine

Portrayals of 2v, 4v and 9vHPV vaccines on Chinese social media: a content analysis of hot posts on Sina Weibo

ABSTRACT Rather than receive the effective 2vHPV vaccines that are readily available in China, Chinese women usually wait to receive 4v and 9vHPV vaccines, which are difficult to acquire. This means that Chinese women miss the opportunity for optimal protection from cervical cancer. As social media platforms are the main channel by which Chinese women learn about HPV vaccines, this study aimed to explore how HPV vaccines are described on social media, and in particular how they discuss or distinguish 2 v, 4 v and 9vHPV vaccines. The Octopus Web crawler tool was used to capture hot Weibo posts from 2013–2021, and 1,164 valid data were obtained. Results suggested that there are very few posts with great influence on Weibo about HPV vaccines among 9 years and much of them are created by “lay people.” HPV-related topics lacked persistent popularity, comprised highly repetitive content and the spread of information was geographically diverse. There were significant differences in the media descriptions of different kinds of HPV vaccines. Price was mentioned more often in the descriptions of 2vHPV vaccines, whereas appointments were referred to most often in the descriptions of 9vHPV vaccines. There was little media attention paid to the safety and effectiveness of HPV vaccines. Chinese media should develop better collaborations with public health professionals, pay more attention to the originality of their news coverage of HPV vaccines and strive to promote HPV vaccination. Such collaboration will help news media to better understand the key points of HPV information that need to be disseminated.

Decision support needs for shared clinical decision-making regarding HPV vaccination among adults 27–45 years of age

ObjectiveIdentify HPV information needs and shared clinical decision-making preferences among adults 27–45 and describe differences in needs and preferences among underserved and vulnerable populations. MethodsParticipants 27–45 years old with no history of HPV vaccination completed a cross-sectional web-based survey between April-May 2020 (N = 702). Preferred role in shared clinical decision making was described across demographic groups and sociodemographic correlates of HPV vaccine information needs. ResultsMost (77.6%) reported a preference to make a medical decision on their own or after consulting with a healthcare provider, while the remaining respondents preferred to make a joint decision (17.0%) or for their doctor to make the decision (5.4%). Over 80% needed more information about safety, effectiveness, personal benefit, provider recommendation, side effects, and risks. Education was the strongest demographic factors associated with higher information needs (p<0.05). ConclusionThe majority of individuals across demographic groups were individually focused with regard to their healthcare decisions and wanted more information about HPV vaccine safety, side effects, and risks, in addition to personalized information about benefits from HPV vaccination. Practical implicationsPatient-centered interventions are needed to engage adults in shared decision-making regarding HPV vaccination.

'Does HPV affect my fertility?' Reproductive concerns of HPV-positive women: a qualitative study

BackgroundReproductive health changes can occur following infection with Human papillomavirus. HPV is the most prevalent sexually transmitted infection causing a variety of clinical manifestations ranging from warts to cancer. This study aimed to explore the reproductive concerns of women infected with HPV.MethodsIn this qualitative study, we used the conventional content analysis approach, with the aid of MAXQDA.10 software, to analyze data extracted from the face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 20 Iranian HPV-positive women (sampled by maximum variation purposive sampling). The accuracy of this research was ensured according to the four criteria proposed by Guba and Lincoln.ResultsExploring participants' reproductive concerns, three main categories were identified from the interviews including concerns about fertility potential, pregnancy and non-pregnancy reproductive issues. HPV-positive women concerned about reduced female/ male fertility due to HPV, the impact of the HPV on the fetal health, adverse pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage and preterm delivery, and mother-to-child transmission of HPV during breastfeeding. HPV-positive women with abnormal cytology results were anxious that becoming pregnant or taking hormonal contraception might worsen their abnormalities. Most married women were reluctant to use a condom. Participants requested further information about the potential reproductive risks of the HPV vaccine. They also wanted to know about the safety of HPV vaccine during pregnancy and breastfeeding.ConclusionsHPV-positive women had some reproductive concerns that should be considered in the designing of educational-consulting interventions. Women need to be better understood and informed about the impact of HPV on their reproductive health. Health care providers may lack knowledge about these specific areas, and they could benefit from additional up-to-date information to address women's reproductive concerns.

HPV Vaccine Experiences and Preferences Among Young Adult Cancer Survivors and Caregivers of Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Cancer survivors are at higher risk of developing HPV-associated cancers later in life, yet their HPV vaccination rates remain lower than the general population. Improving HPV vaccination uptake among survivors is essential to preventing second malignancies. We interviewed HPV vaccine eligible adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors (18-26 years) and caregivers of HPV vaccine eligible childhood cancer survivors approaching the AYA age range (9-17 years) about their HPV vaccine experiences and preferences as informed by the HPV Vaccination Roundtable Best Practices. Interviews (N = 20) were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using interpretive description. Of AYA survivors (n = 10), 50% had received at least one HPV vaccine dose. Of caregivers (n = 10), 30% reported their child had received at least one HPV vaccine dose. Three distinct categories emerged including (1) HPV vaccine knowledge, (2) HPV vaccination recommendation preferences, and (3) HPV vaccination reminder preferences. The first two categories were oncology focused. Participants lacked knowledge regarding HPV vaccine safety and applicability due to their complex cancer history. Most participants strongly preferred that their oncologist provide an HPV vaccine recommendation. The third category was mixed, with some participants preferring oncology-based HPV vaccine reminders while others preferred primary care-based reminders. Almost all participants preferred digital reminders (e.g., text messages). Our results suggest that oncologists play an essential role in recommending the HPV vaccine and providing information to assist survivors and caregivers with vaccine decision-making. Additionally, HPV vaccination uptake among pediatric and childhood and AYA survivors could be improved through the use of tailored, electronically delivered vaccine reminders.

New research progress of the safety of human papillomavirus vaccine

Human papillomavirus infection is the main pathogenic factor leading to cervical cancer. About 630 000 new cancers are caused by HPV infection every year, among which cervical cancer accounts for the highest proportion (83%). The burden of cervical cancer is serious in China. Research data shows that there were nearly 110 000 new cases and nearly 50 000 deaths of cervical cancer in China in 2018, accounting for about 20 percent and 16 percent of the global total of cases and deaths, respectively. The World Health Organization's position paper clearly states that HPV vaccination can effectively prevent the occurrence of HPV-related diseases. Across clinical studies and real world data from around the world, HPV vaccines have shown good efficacy and safety. As of October 2019, 98 countries and regions around the world have included HPV vaccine in their national immunization program. However, with the increase of vaccination coverage and indications, the safety of HPV vaccine has become a global public health issue of high concern. Since the launch of HPV vaccine in 2006, many authorities around the world and countries have conducted long-term monitoring of the safety of HPV vaccine after its launch, and accumulated a large number of safety data, which showed that the HPV vaccine was safe and supported the use of HPV vaccine. In this paper, the safety data related to HPV vaccine in the world and mainland China will be combed to provide reference for the HPV vaccination in China.

1. The Impact of Behavioral Nudges, Communication Training and Assessment and Feedback on Adolescent Vaccination Rates and Parent Satisfaction

BackgroundEffective prevention of HPV is possible, but < 50% of adolescents in the Midwest complete the recommended vaccine series. Strategies to increase HPV vaccination rates have demonstrated efficacy, however widespread implementation of these interventions has not been realized. Behavioral nudges have demonstrated efficacy in increasing uptake of desired heath behaviors among providers (e.g. hand hygiene, judicious antibiotic prescribing). This trial assessed the impact of an assessment and feedback, communication training, and behavioral nudge (i.e. poster-sized vaccine commitment statements) intervention (T3) on adolescent vaccination rates and parental satisfaction at four Midwestern pediatric practices.MethodsPractices were randomly assigned to receive either 1) assessment and feedback or 2) T3 intervention. Providers (n=16) completed surveys regarding vaccine polices and parents of vaccine eligible adolescents (n=230) reported their child’s vaccine history and satisfaction with the consultation. Practice- level vaccination rates for Tdap, Meningococcal, and HPV were calculated through billing data queries from an integrated pediatric health network. Vaccination rates and provider/ parental responses were compared by intervention arm.ResultsAll practices evidenced increased adolescent vaccine rates, ranging from 0.8% to 3.4% for Meningococcal and 1.3% to 12.1% for Tdap. Three of the four practices had increased HPV vaccination rates (1% to 10%), however there was no statistically significant difference by study arm. Most parents (M age 41.34; SD 8.05; 85% female, 68% White) indicated their child had previously initiated the HPV vaccine series (61%) and 72% indicated receipt of an HPV vaccine during the study visit. Concerns among HPV vaccine hesitant parents (n=60) included concerns about vaccine safety and necessity. Most (97%) of parents were satisfied with their consultation.ConclusionPractices in both intervention groups evidenced an increase in adolescent vaccination rates. While some parents had concerns about HPV vaccine safety and necessity, parents welcomed discussions about HPV vaccine and were satisfied with their provider’s communication regardless of their vaccine decisions.Disclosures Brian R. Lee, MPH, PhD, Merck (Grant/Research Support)