Housing Trends Research Articles

Housing-related companion animal relinquishment across 21 animal shelters in the United States from 2019-2023.

Housing issues are a major contributor to companion animal relinquishment in the United States and beyond. In this study, we analyze a database of shelter intake records from 2019-2023 from 21 shelters across the United States to assess rates and subtypes of housing relinquishment, characteristics and outcomes of the relinquished animals, and longitudinal trends in housing relinquishment. Housing issues represented 14% (n = 28,424) of overall intakes in the broader database (N = 1,021,204 total intake records). Housing relinquishment subtypes were unspecified (54%), pet-related restrictions (27%), landlord issues (8%), housing loss (5%), and unhoused owners (5%). Large (mean weight: 55 lbs) and small dogs (mean weight: 11 lbs) were most common. Pit bull-type dogs comprised 12% of the overall relinquishments and mixed-breed dogs were 35%. Most animals had a live outcome, but live outcomes decreased over time (p < 0.001, z = -6.91, slope = -0.11), and pit bull-type dogs (X 2(1) = 243.63, p < 0.001) and animals relinquished by unhoused owners (OR = 0.64, p < 0.05) were most at risk of euthanasia or other shelter death. Over the study period, intakes due to loss of home increased (p < 0.001, z = 9.82, slope = 0.29), while intakes due to pet restrictions (p < 0.001, z = -6.82, slope = -0.17) and landlord issues decreased (p < 0.001, z = -4.89, slope = -0.08). Overall cat intakes increased (p < 0.001, z = 3.60, slope = 7.34), while dog intakes decreased (p < 0.001, z = -4.89, slope = -0.08). The number of intakes that were pit bull-type dogs (compared to all other breeds) decreased over time (p < 0.001, z = -4.56, slope = -0.06), as did average animal weight (p < 0.001, z = -4.42, slope = -0.07) and age (p < 0.001, z = -7.88, slope = -0.16). We discuss these findings in the context of the previous shelter and pet-friendly housing research and broader housing trends and policies in the United States.

Learning from the Past, Looking to Resilience: Housing in Serbia in the Post-Pandemic Era

The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly reshaped life across the globe, significantly influencing the future of housing. The enactment and densification of diverse activities within one place have resulted in varying degrees of conflict between the built and social environment. This conflict is directly related to the degree of housing adaptability to new life, work, and leisure conditions. Movement restrictions and distance learning have significantly impacted the young population, which is susceptible to ‘enforced togetherness’ conditions. However, studies on post-pandemic housing in Serbia are rare. This paper investigates the relationship between the built and social environment, focusing on current trends in multi-family housing from the perspective of the progressive change of life standards in the post-pandemic era. It also includes a survey of the living conditions of architecture students in Serbia during lockdown and distance learning, offering insights into the impact of the physical environment on virus transmission and social dynamics. The main objective of this study is to formulate guidelines for developing a resilient housing model in Serbia that will address both current and future crises. From the findings, it can be concluded that radical changes in housing policy are necessary to enable less interdependence among layers within the system striving to be resilient.

The spatial polarization of housing wealth accumulation across Spain

Housing wealth is central to structuring inequalities across societies. Processes of financialization have intensified the speculative nature of housing, while labour and welfare restructuring increase the importance of property wealth towards economic security. Housing, however, represents an exceptional asset given its inherently spatial nature and buy-in barriers. This implies that not only access to homeownership but where households enter the housing market is central to wealth trajectories. Spatial inequality in housing trends thus fundamentally structures wealth dynamics. While some scholarship has posited increasing housing market spatial polarization, there remains a lack of empirical evidence. This research turns to the context of Spain, to directly assess spatial polarization in housing value accumulation. Employing an innovative dataset at a detailed geographic scale, the analyses reveal strong increases in polarization across the national territory over the past decade. Strikingly, these dynamics appear resistant to major upheavals, including the post-GFC crash and Covid-19 impacts, and are robust across scales. The analyses reveal that more expensive areas saw greater absolute gains and higher rates of appreciation. The findings expose a structural intensification of spatial polarization and provide crucial empirical evidence of how the housing market acts in amplifying inequality through the spatial sorting of wealth accumulation.

URBAN- RURAL DEVELOPMENT DILEMMA -A STUDY WITH REFERENCE TO INDIA

The 20th century witnessed a significant change in population from rural to urban areas in most of the countries of the world. In the last two decades, India has experienced accelerated economic growth after the launch of economic reforms in 1991. The economic reforms resulted in loosening the hold of government in many sectors, which has led to the concentration of semi-urban areas across the countries. The economic reforms of 1991 played a big role in the decentralization of powers and it has encouraged many entrepreneurs to invest in India. In the early stages of Indian industrialization, both rural and urban economies immensely suffered from the adverse effects of capitalism and the exploitation of natural resources. Capitalism-oriented industrialization had the requirement of a productive and well transformed agricultural sector. In this paper, we are going to highlight the need and strengthening of agriculture from the grassroots level and enlightening educated youth regarding the benevolence and benefits of self-employment and agriculture. Strengthening of village economies are most recommended for the sustainable development of Indian economy. Increasing trend of farm housing and involvement of educated youth gives hope for solving the dilemma of balanced urban rural development. This paper reviews some of the main interpretations in urban rural development dilemma. It explores the relationship between the primary and secondary sector as well as the rural and urban economies. It examines the parochial strategy of development of urban sector by neglecting rural economy. KEYWORDS: Development, Economy, Reforms, Urban-Rural

Evaluating transit-oriented new town development: Insights from Seoul and Tokyo

This study evaluates 7Ds (density, diversity, design, distance to transit, destination accessibility, demand management, and demography) from a transit-oriented development (TOD) perspective for four large-scale new towns (NTs) in the suburban areas of Seoul, South Korea, and Tokyo, Japan. The analysis revealed variations in self-sufficiency and travel behavior based on these differences, leading to four main policy implications. First, Seoul’s NTs demonstrated high-density mixed-use development, promoting localized short-distance travel within these areas. This highlights the importance of encouraging high-density mixed-use development to foster commuting self-sufficiency. Second, Tokyo’s NTs feature housing development centered on rail transit, resulting in a greater utilization of rail transit modes. This emphasizes the positive impact of rail-transit-oriented development on sustainable mode choice. Third, demand management strategies such as firm-based subsidies and an integrated transit system were identified in the Tokyo and Seoul NTs, respectively. These strategies aimed to provide incentives for choosing public transit over private cars. Additionally, it is crucial to consider the relationship between NTs and their neighboring areas to prevent wasteful commuting resulting from continuous decentralization trends in jobs and housing. This study offers valuable insights for policymakers and planners by highlighting the significance of integrating TOD principles into NT planning and development.

Interdependence of the rural housing stock and the rural population: a scientific perspective

This scientific article addresses the pressing issue of providing decent housing for the rural population of the Kyrgyz Republic, which has arisen due to uneven development of demographic and housing trends in rural areas. The research aims to solve this regional problem by managing interdependent demographic and housing trends. The study employs a general scientific methodology to analyze the relationship between the rural population and the volume of rural housing stock. A methodological approach to solving the regional problem of housing provision is presented, including a statistical analysis of demographic and housing aspects in time and space. The main results of the study include data on the mutual influence of demographic and housing dynamics in rural areas and a comparative forecast of demographic and housing parameters of rural development until 2030. Recommendations are provided within the framework of the Republican housing program “My Home” for 2021-2026. This study is highly significant in terms of its practical applicability and relevance for the development of regional policy.

Are the next-generation households ready for the energy transition? A survey on their positioning and practice with energy management tools

In the last decades, significant effort has been put towards technological advancement in housing for energy transition. Massive retrofitting actions have been called for, and innovative technologies for smart energy management at home have been deployed. However, undesired energy trends in housing suggest that relevant factors have been neglected. Among these, increasing importance is now given to occupants’ behaviour, and their capacity to interact with energy management devices available in dwellings. This study investigates what is the position of next-generation users on energy transition at home. Two years ago, the authors launched a survey to explore people’s awareness of energy use practices, interaction with metering devices, and user motivation to change when informed. As a pilot survey, over 300 people from the academy were involved to see what was the position of a sample which was supposed to be informed more than the average, in Italy. The test yielded early outcomes on how people become more interested to change as they gain knowledge and are offered suggestions. Despite the expectations, the sample’s level of awareness was low. This suggested that a more user-centred approach is needed for wide-scale progress. Especially results from the youngest were below prospects. The questionnaire was relaunched to examine if the pandemic, energy crisis and latest news on climate change have affected positions of the youngsters. A testing session involving university students was performed, and results have been compared with the previous. As a result, reflections on the energy use patterns of the next-generation households are provided.

The Influence of House Price on The Average Age of First Marriage in China

With the rapid development of economy, the domestic environment is characterized by the rapid rise of housing prices and the encouragement of marriage and childbearing by policies, and the age of first marriage in China has also changed. Based on the data from 1998 to 2021, this paper builds a model to measure the effect of the average house price in China on the age of first marriage, and supplements the control variables such as the population difference between men and women, the enrollment rate of senior high school and the expenditure of maternity insurance fund to describe the changes of the age of first marriage in China in detail. Through empirical analysis, we come to the conclusion that the high average house price has significantly delayed the age of first marriage in China. Accordingly, this study suggests that the state should promote relevant housing policies to curb the rapid growth trend of housing prices while ensuring the rigid demand of residents' housing.

Motivations and market solutions for flexible housing in Finland

Flexibility is essential for sustainable housing and has been one of the design elements in Finnish architecture. However, between 1990 and 2010, flexible solutions in residential buildings were rare and included in only some advanced builders’ projects. Research on flexible housing exists but is scarce on knowledge of the 2020s drivers and market solutions for flexible housing. Therefore, we searched for trends, patents and market solutions for flexible housing in Finland. We also interviewed representatives of construction companies, designers, housing providers, financers and regulatory authorities to understand their views on flexibility; its meaning, benefits, challenges, market demand and technical solutions providing flexibility. We discovered several trends leading to flexibility in housing, e.g., urbanization and remote working, although no evidence of flexibility as a separate housing trend was found. We sought market examples for each trend to prove the markets’ potential interest in them. We found that the market need for flexible apartment buildings is currently low, even though the benefits of flexibility exist. However, market demand may increase if awareness of flexible options increases. No insurmountable technical challenges for housing flexibility exist, although the building services flexibility is complex. Flexible housing design, construction and solutions tend to cost more than a regular home. Flexibility in apartment buildings means multifunctionality inside a dwelling, using movable partitions and furniture or the ability to unite or separate two dwellings structurally. Modular construction is used to build these apartment buildings, supporting sustainability. Transferable and multifunctional wooden houses represent flexibility in small houses.

Evaluating the Role of Participation in Different Design Phases for More Inclusive Housing

Urban growth and population increase have been major driving forces for cities, combined with an expanding heterogeneous sociocultural structure. The growing trends in urbanization pose massive challenges of inequalities and exclusions, primarily observed in housing. While housing was initially a sociocultural product involving users, it has transformed into a more standardized and financialized entity in the twentieth century, resulting in the abstraction of users from the production process. Against these exclusionary housing trends, it is the role of designers to redefine the place of users in housing for more inclusive results. So, this paper aims to investigate the potential of participatory approaches in housing to achieve more inclusive outcomes. Accordingly, accumulated knowledge on participation in housing starting in the 1960s is chronologically and interrelatedly discussed and mapped through prominent publications. Then, the benefits of specific participatory approaches in the inclusivity of housing are evaluated regarding three design phases to form a framework for future practices: i) design/predesign, ii) implementation, and iii) (post) occupancy. The study showed that participatory approaches at various phases and levels contribute to creating inclusive housing by increasing users’ representation in decision-making, demystifying professional tools, and allowing alternative and dynamic appropriation of living.

A programmatic approach to the infrastructure management of united territorial communities

Relevance in the research topic. The objective necessity and relevance to develop conceptual system principles for the reforms management in housing and community amenities as a programme is explained by the current sphere`s position. It is unprofitable, needs subsidies, and resource support having high energy consumption rate. Among national housing and community amenities` hot button problems we should admit its financial and economic management, management of the conditions and state support line, preservation and maintenance of the housing stock, energy saving, etc. The main provisions of the reform`s programme principles will allow to determine the main development trends in housing and community amenities, sector`s further recovery and will provide the conditions for its effective functioning. At the same time, one should take into account that higher management efficiency in housing and community amenities should simultaneously correspond to the higher level of consumer welfare and the quality of life. Problem statement. Problems of housing and community amenities management require special attention amid current reforms of administrative-territorial system and decentralization of power in Ukraine, since its maintenance is provided by local state authorities and united territorial communities (UTC) formed as a result of reforms. Analysis of recent research and publications. Zapatrina I., Kachala T., Kyzym M., Tyshchenko O., Povazhnyi O. and others dealt with the modern aspects of solving housing and community amenities` development problems [1-3]. Unsolved parts of the general problem. Nowadays the problem of housing and community amenities` management reform is still relevant. Thus, there is a need to model the management process of housing and community amenities` regional programmes. Study task and objective. The study objective is to develop theoretical and methodological principles, and practical measures for housing and community amenities management programme using modelling. To achieve the study objective we defined and solved the following tasks: to form and substantiate the management model of the reform programme and economic development of UTC housing and community amenities amid decentralization of power in Ukraine; to build a systemic financially stable management algorithm for the provision of UTC housing and community amenities services. Research method and methodology. General scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, and group analysis) and special (abstraction, economic and mathematical modelling, etc.) methods of studying economic phenomena and processes were used in the study. The main material. The housing and community amenities reform programme (the Programme) for UTCs should include improvement of current management system of housing and community amenities enterprises, development of market relations in the sector, reduction of costs and losses of energy carriers in housing and community amenities enterprises, implementation of effective energy-saving policy, support for self-organization types (homeowner associations, public associations) as partners of the Programme implementation. General management and funding of housing and community amenities are delegated to local executive bodies, which govern the majority of communal enterprises and housing and community amenities organizations. Amid national administrative and territorial system reform – to UTCs. Let us model the financial mechanism of housing and community amenities reform Programme in UTCs. Financing of housing and community amenities in UTCs is provided in case of self-financing at the expense of community budget funds. Income taxes of housing and community amenities enterprises are put to local budgets. At the same time, local budget funds cover the losses of housing and community amenities enterprises and, if necessary, fund the construction of new facilities. In the short run, the following options for the UTC budget are possible, namely: higher housing and community amenities debts may lead to stagnation (invariance) or lower budget profitability; profitability or reduction of housing and community amenities debts will ensure the budget revenue growth. In the long run, the further debts growth of housing and community amenities may lead to stagnation (revenue invariance), then to UTC incomes shortage and their bankruptcy. Conclusions. Based on the studied problems, the main goals of the current stage of the reformation process were set: to improve the quality of housing and community amenities services and management system, to build an effective system of market interaction between providers and consumers of housing and community amenities; to optimize the use of resources, real estate and housing infrastructure; to optimize price-making system for housing and community amenities services. In order to achieve the set goals, tree-based models were proposed: an oligopoly model of housing and community amenities providers; an oligopoly model of housing and community amenities consumers; finance management model for housing and community amenities using PPP mechanism; a model of the resource management information system; a model of the optimal price-making system in housing and community amenities. Parameters modelling of the reform Programme in housing and community amenities for different-sized local UTCs was made. The model of financial mechanism for the implementation of housing and community amenities reforms in UTC was proposed.

Methods of Enhancing Energy Efficiency at the Stage of Construction of High-Rise Residential Buildings

Introduction. People’s growing needs in energy resources in conditions of resource deposits depletion makes it relevant the development of methods of enhancing buildings energy efficiency. The article notes the importance of increasing the level of energy efficiency by selecting a set of measures for the efficient use of energy resources at all stages of the life cycle. The analysis of Rostov-on-Don housing stock and positive trend in housing commissioning capacity growth in Russia point at the need to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings being under construction.Materials and Methods. Energy efficient methods are as follows: the application of modern thermal insulation materials and "green" building technologies. The latter implies the approach to the design of buildings inferring minimized impact on the environment at all stages of the life cycle - from a building’s design to its elimination - including the application of "green" technologies: Smart Energy Glass windows, recuperators, solar panels.Results. The results of energy-efficient technologies application were considered on the example of “Ostrovsky” residential compound being under construction in Rostov-on-Don. As a result the planned energy efficiency class B (high) was upgraded to A + (very high), which corresponds to one of the green building criteria.Discussion and Conclusions. The use of energy efficient measures in construction of residential buildings allows to save considerable amounts of energy and resources at the stage of high-rise buildings operation, resulting in their energy efficiency class enhancement.

Modern trends in housing lactating sows

Goal. To study the effectiveness of using foreign and domestic equipment and develop innovative machines for housing lactating sows and suckling piglets. Methods. zootechnical, statistical and monographic analysis of research on the problematic issue. The research was conducted at the "Ekopharm" farm in Kherson region, which specializes in rearing breeding and commercial pigs. The results. In the article it is described the narrow-sized machines of foreign companies "Big Dutchment", "Egeberg", for fixed and semi-fixed housing lactating sows with suckling piglets. The disadvantages of some brands of machines for the fixed housing of lactating sows and the peculiarities of their behavior depending on the design of the machine equipment are indicated. In the article it is described the domestic machines for the semi-fixed construction of the KhDAU, OSM-60, OSM-120, TSNIPTIMEZH, Institute of Pig Breeding and AIP NAAS and fixed housing - the construction of the NUBiP; Kriukivskyi"; SSY-2, SOS F-35. According to the results of the analysis, the technical characteristics of the developed innovative machines are given, which provide the prevention of rank stress after weaning piglets and increase their growth energy. The yield of products per 1 m2 in SP-4FK machines with a rearing duration of 65 days, compared to OSM-60 machines, increased by 105.5%. When growing up to 90 days of age, the yield of products per 1 m2 in P-4FK machines increased by 103.39%. Conclusions. The new machine equipment has been developed for two-phase housing and combined feeding of lactating sows and suckling piglets, which contribute to increasing growth energy, the preservation of young pigs and the production output. Key words: lactating sow, suckling piglets, weaned piglets, live weight, farrowing machines, fixed housing, semi-fixed housing

Contemporary Shelter in the Built Environment: A Comparative Review of Social Housing Schemes in Selected European and African Nations

Social Housing remains highly essential in providing affordable shelter in urban and peri-urban settlements. However, pressures from liberalisation, public expenditures, and privatisation continue to threaten its availability. This paper reviews contemporary social housing trends and compares Europe’s established social housing scheme to Africa’s emerging schemes. This was achieved by identifying the similarities between social housing in the UK and the Netherlands and social Housing in Nigeria and South Africa and identifying the differences between them. Relevant literature was reviewed to give a detailed but straightforward account of the Netherlands, UK, South Africa, and Nigeria based on allocation policy, target occupants, ownership scheme, mode of finance, and the challenges faced. The studies conclude that there are more similarities between social Housing in Europe and Africa than differences. However, the most fundamental difference is the type of challenges they face. The challenges observed in Europe’s social housing schemes are social problems such as segregation and bad public image. In contrast, Africa’s social housing challenges are socio-economical in terms of lack of funds, poor planning, and implementation of policies. The outcome from this study is targeted at promoting the implementation of sustainable social housing schemes at the policy level.

Trends in housing markets during the economic crisis and Covid-19 pandemic: Turkish case

The recent global economic crisis and pandemic have shown that housing markets are highly exposed to the prevailing economic and social circumstances. Relevant literature indicates that housing output and transaction volumes were negatively affected during the Covid-19 pandemic. In contrast, price levels displayed variations under different circumstances shaped by demand shifts. Housing affordability conditions also deteriorated and household budgets were squeezed by the high housing cost burden due to the loss of livelihood and increased time spent at home during lockdowns. In the Turkish case, a severe economic crisis in 2018/19 preceded the Covid-19 pandemic. Housing output, housing prices, and the unemployment rate were much more affected by the economic crisis than by the pandemic. Spatial variation in the changes in the supply level was not homogeneous throughout the country. Lower supply levels were observed in the southern and south-eastern parts of the country and the major employment centres. However, compared to the international tendencies, total demand for housing increased, raising the housing transaction volume to record-high levels. In addition, housing prices during the pandemic skyrocketed, accompanied by increasing inflation rates. Furthermore, a demand shift towards single-family houses was observed, and the price gap between single-family houses and flats has widened since the pandemic began. The investment function of housing became prominent once again for wealthier households during the high inflation periods observed during the pandemic. The major conclusion drawn from this study is that the housing market deepened the existing inequalities in society during the current pandemic.

What drives the systemic banking crises in advanced economies?

This paper examines the drivers of post-war “systemic” banking crises in advanced economies. Using binary response models and a balanced panel of data, we show that persistently large departures from the long-run trend in housing and stock markets best predict the crises. Similar deviations in credit markets do not add to the explanatory power of the model that combines housing and stock market dynamics. Indicators capturing financial market risk perception also have high explanatory power. These findings indicate that extrapolative forecasts and neglect of tail risk drive asset market boom-bust cycles and systemic banking crises. Cycles in credit markets are driven by cycles in real-estate and stock markets before the crises. Additionally, capital inflow bonanzas fuel the stock and credit booms that spark systemic crises.

The Influence of Hassan Fathy Architecture on modern Housing Trends within the City Pattern

The Influence of Hassan Fathy Architecture on modern Housing Trends within the City Pattern

Characteristics and research trend of multimodal housing in China

Characteristics and research trend of multimodal housing in China

텍스트 마이닝과 토픽 모델링 기법을 활용한 노인복지주택의 국내연구 경향 분석

The purpose of this study is to analyze domestic research papers published since 1981 in order to identify the research trend of welfare housing for the elderly. The research topic, research purpose, and research method of the papers were exploring, and then, the keywords of the papers were analyzed using text mining and LDA topic modeling. The results are summarized as follows. Firstly, papers related to welfare housing for the elderly increased quantitatively according to the enactment of policies and laws, but recently decreased. On the other hand, research fields, research topics, and research methods are gradually diversifying, and multidisciplinary studies are being integrated. Secondly, by analyzing the frequency and degree centrality of the keywords through text mining, it was possible to identify the topics that were frequently dealt with and the subjects that were treated as important. In addition, through the network analysis between the keywords, the connection structure and strength of related to the subject, purpose, and method of the study could be grasped. Thirdly, as a result of the topic modeling analysis, it can be seen that important research topics are

Trends in Unstable Housing and Risk for Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes during Delivery Hospitalizations

There is limited nationwide data describing trends in and implications of unstable housing during pregnancy. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of unstable housing associated with delivery hospitalizations during a 19-year period and associated risks for adverse maternal outcomes and preterm delivery.