Housing In Urban Areas Research Articles

From Model Reform Country to Critic: Chile and its cooperation with the USA in urban planning and housing under Eduardo Frei Montalva (1964–1970)

ABSTRACT As Latin American cities grew rapidly from the mid-twentieth century onwards, most governments in the region took up the challenge of providing sufficient housing in urban areas, following developmentalist convictions. In Chile, this urban planning trend was promoted by US programmes and organizations, most notably the Alliance for Progress, which in the aftermath of the Cuban Revolution funded infrastructure measures to prevent the spread of leftist ideologies. However, favoured by this influx of financial means, personnel and expertise, Chile, as one of the prime targets of US involvement in the 1960s, soon developed its own institutions and approaches to tackling the housing shortage. While US engagement and housing policies in Chile in the 1960s have mostly been looked at individually, this article argues that the latter, especially for the first half of the decade, can only be fully grasped by considering inter-American relations. It therefore focuses on select institutional and individual actors from the USA, active in the field of urban planning in Chile, and examines the institutions and approaches that developed on the ground under the Christian Democratic President Eduardo Frei Montalva (1964–1970). Lastly, it analyzes the reasons for the end of the initially close US-Chilean cooperation in housing.

An experimental study on premium measurement in response to residents' willingness to pay for green housing in urban areas

As the market continues to progress, the provision of green housing will inevitably increase, leading to a rising significance of residents' willingness to pay in determining the premium pricing and market promotion of these residences. This research measures residents' willingness to pay response experimentally, examining the driving mechanisms behind willingness to pay for green housing and the associated premium levels. Experiments revealed the following findings: (1) Intervention experiments on key driver factor (the mediating variable operational trust) of the theoretical model showed that willingness to pay among experimental group residents (green housing neighborhoods) increased from 269 to 291 CNY/m² (an 8 % increase), while the control group residents (residential building neighborhoods) experienced an increase from 170 to 236 CNY/m² (a 39 % increase). (2) Thirty scenario experiments on key driving factors (the mediating variable informational appeal) in the theoretical model demonstrated that, with information intervention, residents' willingness to pay increased by 27.5 %, which is less than the result derived from direct inquiry (29.4 %). Policy recommendations are based on the conclusions of the study.

The riverside way of life as a spatial attribute for the design practice of Amazonian housing

The production of social housing in the Amazon does not differ from that found in other regions of Brazil, as the lack of adequacy in the projects is a historical and ongoing issue. This essay aims to raise questions about the inadequacy of housing projects for Amazonian cities. Reference is made in this investigation to the Amazonian imaginary, the origins of local ways of living, and the results of research projects already carried out by local researchers. Non-participant observations were also conducted in urban housing areas in the city of Belém. In this sense, it was observed that there are strong indications that the closer to the original way of life of the region's inhabitants, the riverside dwellers, the less likely transformations in housing promoted by the government are to occur. In the study reports, a typological language of riverside dwelling was identified in the modifications made to these state-owned housing units, serving as a mechanism of adaptation in housing. It has been noted that there is a mismatch between the user's needs and state action/production, and understanding the symbolic communications established between people and the built space may likely be beneficial in reducing the existing imbalance between user expectations and project quality in state offerings. Therefore, rethinking the ways of designing and producing architectural living spaces from the local user's perspective is a secure path for the sustainability of the project, encompassing the development of people and space vitality.

Development of electricity simulation model of urban houses and evaluating surplus electricity of photovoltaics (PV) considering housing stock transformation

The Japanese government is advocating for the introduction of decentralized renewable energy devices such as photovoltaics (PV) and high thermal performance houses in urban areas. Due to variations in housing stock among different urban areas, the implementation of these houses and devices would have diverse effects on the supply and demand sides, potentially leading to diverse overproduction of PV electricity, referred to as surplus electricity. Existing research focuses on increasing the utilization of surplus electricity and quantifying the surplus electricity from individual buildings at a regional scale. Considering the lack of research that quantifies surplus electricity through shared PVs under the urban-scale contextual changes (widespread introduction of high-performance houses). Therefore, this study aims to address this gap by utilizing an archetype house simulation model to simulate and compare two scenarios (with or without houses retrofitting) regarding electricity demand for each street-level area, maximum power and duration time of surplus electricity in areas where surplus electricity would occur in the target city Fukuoka in 2025. The results indicate that, under the current residential PV stock and existing introduction rates, the peak surplus power occurs around noon in May, approximately 396 out of 1051 areas in Fukuoka would generate surplus electricity during 2025. Houses retrofitting would increase the surplus electricity (include maximum power and duration time) in these areas. Additionally, this study identifies the residential characteristics of areas that generate surplus electricity, including construction year, household composition, and the proportion of detached houses, whether with retrofitting or not. The results suggest attention to surplus electricity increasing in areas with a high proportion of detached houses when considering houses retrofitting.

Factors Affecting Residential Satisfaction with Social Housing in Urban Areas: International Researches and Current Situation in Vietnam

This paper explores the multifaceted aspects contributing to residents' satisfaction within social housing in urban areas, integrating international research findings with Vietnam's current situation. It examines factors such as housing unit physical attributes, quality of infrastructure, service accessibility, community cohesion, and alignment with residents' expectations. By identifying gaps between expectations and experiences, the study proposes strategic interventions to enhance livability, sustainability, and satisfaction in social housing projects, offering insights relevant to Vietnam and other countries facing similar urban housing challenges.

Stakeholders’ perspective on collaboration barriers in low-income housing provision: a case study from pakistan

The prevailing housing situation in Pakistan is alarming, as more than 47% of urban households are estimated to be living in squatters. Housing stakeholders require an enabling environment to collaborate to reduce the drastic inequity with too many housing options for the high-income and too few for the low-income groups. Existing literature reveals that Pakistan lacks stakeholder studies with a collaborative focus on providing low-income housing in urban areas. This study explores the barriers and impediments to stakeholder collaborations in the low-income housing sector through in-depth interviews within the urban setting of Lahore, the capital and the most populous city of the biggest province, Punjab, Pakistan. The findings identify the emergence of five cross-cutting collaboration challenges (GLIPP), placing government capacity, institutional complexity, and political willpower & intervention as dominant ones. This study stresses revising the organizational hierarchy of government institutions to develop a collaborative culture in the Pakistani housing sector. As part of practical implications, this paper would agitate policymakers to develop housing policies and programs for low-income groups.

Analisis Tingkat Pertumbuhan Perumahan (Studi Kasus : Kecamatan Natar dan Kecamatan Jati Agung)

Population growth and new activity center development give impact on enhancement of residential demand. That demand always improves without be accompanied land availability and that can impact urban sprawl. The research locations are Natar and Jati Agung Sub-district which are designated as urban housing area, located on the outskirts of Bandar Lampung City. Activities will encourage the growth of demand of the private residential property thus this also encourage the building of residential area. The purpose of the research is to identify residential growth rate in the research locations. The research is conducted by using deductive approach. Data is collected by observation, interview, and literature review. Data is analyzed by using spatial analysis methods, nearest neighbor analysis, qualitative and quantitative descriptive analysis. The result of research explains that the highest residential growth rate in Natar Sub-district is 109.44% in 2017 and in Jati Agung Sub-district is 110.50% in 2019. Cluster residential pattern in Natar Sub-district with distribution index value (T) is 0.760346 tends to grow on the primary arterial road. While the same pattern shown in Jati Agung Sub-district with the distribution index value (T) is 0.817923 and tends to grow among new activities center in the South of Jati Agung Sub-district.

Preispitivanje socijalnog stanovanja s gledišta ekološke održivosti: empirijska analiza

Environmental problems are being increasingly recognised as critical strategies for attaining sustainability in social housing, given the persistent demand for social housing in urban areas. However, to remain inexpensive, housing built for low-income groups requires greater environmental compromises. The main objective of this study is to examine social housing projects from an environmental sustainability standpoint and determine whether they have a low environmental impact. This study also aims to inform policymakers about the environmental sustainability of social housing projects and provide an opportunity to review housing policies in terms of environmental sustainability. Six social housing projects were selected under the same climatic conditions from Spain and Turkey, with distinct economic classifications and housing policies. The findings indicate that although social housing built in Spain has a smaller carbon footprint than Turkey throughout the manufacturing (A1–A3) and building (A4–A5) phases, social housing projects in both countries cannot be classified as low-impact housing projects.

Studying The Effect of Tourism Revitalization Program : Sustainable Upgrading Slums Settlements of Malang, Indonesia

Consequent of urban poverty is lack of affordable housing in urban areas. It leads to the increasing slum settlements of urban inhabitants living in deprived urban areas. Typically, slum settlements were distress and discomfort aspect on social, economic and environmental. However, policy efforts slum revitalization in Indonesia is observed to have a economic effect on the residents, where revitalization slum area of Tridi subdistrict in Malang become site tourism. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate influence of revitalization slum program refer to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) index on development community, community behavior on environmental and ecosystem-based sustainability. This study uses a qualitative fault tree analysis (FTA) approach in sequence. Data were obtained through observation, surveys, and documentation. The results indicate a considerable built environment discomfort was due to lack of social spaces and poor design of the slum revitalization landscape. This study offers the concept of improvement strategy for slum shall not orientate to merely for beautification but also considering to improve the sustainability of the slum wellbeing.

Modelling Housing Demand Factors for Affordable Units in Malaysia

The Malaysian government is prioritizing the development of affordable housing units to cater to the needs of the underprivileged. However, it is not sufficient to merely meet the required number of units; it is crucial for developers to understand the actual demand for affordable housing in urban areas. This is because even middle-class homebuyershave their own preferences when it comes to purchasing a home at an affordable price. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the current demand attributes that contribute to the affordable housing demand model in urban areas, using Wangsa Maju, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia asa case study. Data was collected from 400 potential buyers of affordable housing units, and 25 significant attributes of housing demand were examined. Partial Least Square Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to develop the housing demand model. The findings revealed that a total of five factors with nine attributes in housing demand significantly contribute to the affordable housing demand model in urban areas, as determined by the coefficient’sdetermination, path coefficient, effect size, and predictive relevance towards endogenous variables of housing demand.Overall, the result has confirmed that government intervention has play major role in supporting affordable housing development and at the same time has encourage the potential buyer form the right group to have their own house at affordable price.

Disamenity or premium: Do electricity transmission lines affect farmland values and housing prices differently?

A substantial increase in electricity demand has triggered a rising investment in energy infrastructure in the US over the last decade. This paper examines the capitalization effects of electricity transmission lines (TMLs) on nearby farmland values and housing prices in the Midwest from 2015 to 2019, based on 16,026 parcel-level farmland sales data from FarmlandFinder and 1,905,280 housing transaction data from the Zillow Transaction and Assessment Dataset database. Our estimation results reaffirm the disamenity effects of TMLs on housing property values and find that the disamenity effects are larger on houses in urban areas than in rural areas. Nearby TMLs generate premiums for surrounding farmland, which contrasts with the disamenity evidence due to aesthetics (either visual or audible) in the literature. We further show that farmland parcels within 0–2 km of TMLs in high-wind areas are approximately 3.10% more expensive than comparable parcels in low-wind areas. Our paper provides novel and contrarian evidence on the effects of TMLs on property values amid rising investment in energy infrastructure.

The Reason for Non-Reporting Crime Victimization: A Study on Urban Area in Bangladesh

This study has mainly explored the current extend of dark figure of crime in urban areas in Bangladesh. It was exploratory in nature. The samples were selected through randomly using a clustered sampling technique from 14 particular areas and respondents were selected as victimized person or their household heads in this study. It has conducted with a structured and standardized survey questionnaire for data collection and using SPSS statistical tools for analyzing data. The socio demographic findings of the study is that the total number of the respondents was 3,957, among them most of them are female about 57% who are belonging in a Muslim family with average family size of 5 members with average age of 37 years, with average income 37,000 TK and living in their own house in urban area and most of them are housewife and about 52% have completed the secondary level of education. On the other hand the major findings are indicated as about 74% did not go to any institution for reporting, while only 26% are approached for legal help. As per the study findings, theft constitutes the highest number for victimization, where 79% percent of the theft victim did not report for it. Even though within the total type of crime, about 49 percent of the victim who did not report for the crime found out to be a theft victim. There are various reasons have found for dark figure of crime such as Police behavior is not friendly to reporting, victim considered the crime as insignificant and police service needed monetary involvement etc. but most of respondents have said they wanted to avoid the inconvenience of calling the police in such petty cases (About 25.7%). Finally, in this study, it has been explained the findings as the three main perspectives such as problem of existing criminal justice system, victim’s social and also their personal perspectives.

Design and Development of Optimal and Deep-Learning-Based Demand Response Technologies for Residential Hybrid Renewable Energy Management System

The principal goal of this study is to conduct a techno-economic analysis of hybrid energy generation designs for residential-form houses in urban areas. Various possibilities for a form house electrification system are created and simulated in order to determine an optimum ideal configuration for meeting residential load demand with an increase in energy capacity and minimal investment. Using NREL’s HOMER optimization tool, a case-study-based virtual HRE model is developed. Pre-assessment data and relevant operation constraints are used to build the system’s objective functions. The instantaneous energy balance algorithm technique is used to solve the multi-objective function. The overall optimization procedure is sandwiched between two supporting advanced approaches, pre- and post-operations. The development of an optimal techno-economic hybrid energy generation system for the smooth fulfillment of urban load demand is aided by novel deep belief network (NDBN)-based pre-stage load demand predictions and an analysis of the necessary demand side management (DSM)practicing code for utility efficiency improvements in post-stage simulations.

Commuting time and happiness: Empirical evidence from Korean Youth Panel data

IntroductionCommuting is stressful. However, most workers cannot avoid this problem because of a systematic imbalance between jobs and housing in urban areas. In this study, we examine how commuting time affects young workers’ happiness by focusing on South Korea. Methods: To estimate the effect of commuting time on happiness, we use Korean Youth Panel data by employing fixed-effects panel data analysis models. ResultsOur results show that commuting time is not linearly related to young Korean workers’ happiness, but has a non-linear relationship with it. Specifically, the findings demonstrate that increasing commuting time negatively affects the happiness of people who use cars, but not that of people who use other modes of transportation. In addition, commuting time negatively affects happiness in low-income households. ConclusionsOur empirical study suggests that commuting time matters more for low-income workers and car users than others, especially in South Korea, which should be considered in urban and transportation planning.

User Involvement on Air Quality in Incubation Rooms in Banten-Indonesia

Constructing middle-income housing in urban areas can be an effective means of optimizing the environment's carrying capacity and reducing land use. The air quality in Jakarta is an ongoing concern, and it can have significant health implications for those living in housing developments. In high-rise housing structures, air conditioning units are essential for regulating air circulation and minimizing indoor pollutants that can impact neighboring units' comfort levels. This research aims to evaluate the occupants' involvement in implementing indoor air quality (IAQ) sustainability practices in middle-income housing in Jakarta and how it impacts the community. The study identifies the occupants' characteristics, including managers and residents, explores their interactions in adopting healthy living habits, and analyzes their participatory roles in optimizing indoor air quality. The research uses the partial least squares method via SmartPLS for analysis. The findings indicate that both residents and managers must be involved in promoting healthy lifestyles and IAQ in middle-income housing units. As a result, the Jakarta local government should make community engagement programs a mandatory requirement for middle-income housing development regulations to support administrative, technical, and ecological requirements for health sustainability.

Evaluating the price effects of multifamily and single-family housing construction on surrounding single-family homes in Stockholm: a difference-in-difference analysis

PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of housing construction on single-family housing values and the implications for urban development.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve this objective, the author used the difference-in-difference methodology to examine the effect of multifamily and single-family housing construction on surrounding single-family homes in Stockholm, Sweden. The author analysed data from approximately 480 housing construction projects between 2009 and 2014 and 17,000 single-family detached house transactions between 2005 and 2018.FindingsThe research found that multifamily construction projects did not affect the value of surrounding single-family homes, while single-family home construction had a negative impact. The author attributes this result to single-family housing projects typically located in areas with initially positive externalities, while multifamily housing projects are often located on the edge of areas with negative externalities before construction.Research limitations/implicationsThe research is limited by its focus on a specific geographic area and time frame, and future research could expand the scope to include other cities and regions and different periods. Additionally, further research could examine the impact of housing construction on other economic factors beyond housing values.Practical implicationsThe research has practical implications for urban planners and policymakers. They should consider the potential negative impact of new single-family home construction on existing single-family housing areas while balancing the need for new housing in urban areas. By carefully evaluating construction locations, policymakers can create more sustainable, livable and equitable urban environments that benefit all members of society.Originality/valueThis research paper contributes to the field of housing economics by examining the impact of housing construction on single-family housing values in the context of urban development and climate change mitigation. Using a difference-in-difference methodology, the study provides evidence of the price effect of multifamily and single-family housing construction on surrounding single-family homes, which has important policy implications for urban planners and policymakers. By identifying the negative impact of single-family home construction on surrounding areas and highlighting the need for careful evaluation of construction locations, the research provides valuable insights for creating sustainable, livable and equitable urban environments that benefit all members of society.

Exclusion by design: a case study of an Indian urban housing subsidy scheme

Abstract The Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Urban)—Housing for All mission (PMAY-U), a flagship mission of the Government of India, aims to address the need for affordable housing in urban areas through five different schemes. One of these schemes is a housing subsidy scheme, the Credit Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS), which has significantly contributed to the success of PMAY-U. However, the design of the CLSS scheme favors households considered creditworthy, with stable and secure income streams. This article examines the gap between the policy design and practice of the CLSS scheme to explore how biases get embedded into the policy, resulting in the exclusion of economically vulnerable households. Schneider and Ingram’s Social Construction of Target Population (SCTP) framework is used to identify the target groups involved in the CLSS policy chain. These target groups and policymakers were interviewed to understand their interpretations of the concept of affordable housing. Using a relational lens, these interpretations are compared to know how the meanings of affordable housing get represented within CLSS policy documents. The analysis presents two key insights. First, the power and interests of the target groups predict their representation in policy design and policymaking. Second, privatized implementation design of the subsidy scheme embeds negative selectivism creating exclusionary tendencies in the CLSS design. Lastly, given the shrinking of the welfare state across the globe, this study raises the critical question of “who benefits and who loses?” while challenging the normative aspects of the policy goal of affordable housing.

Sustainable tax system design for use of mass real estate appraisal in land management

Sustainable land management aims at land use by protecting nature. Real estate value is one of the important parts of land management, especially at the decision stages. The value associated with a major part of domestic real estate is tax value. The purpose of this study is to develop a tax system that is easy to understand and use as well as compatible with innovations. The sustainability of mass real estate appraisal is provided with legal, physical, locational, neighborhood and economic criteria according to ordinary and extraordinary conditions. The plots reserved for housing in urban areas were selected as the real property type with updates regarding appraised value for taxation. Valuation stages were discussed separately from general to detail, and coefficients were used under the current tax law. Sustainable mass plot appraisal system was designed by providing sustainable cycle economic and extraordinary criteria. The application was carried out in Konya/Lalebahçe Neighborhood and the sustainability of the system was observed. A multiple regression model was created from the samples of 2015 and the real estate value estimation was made with the data of the criteria affecting the value. With the model obtained from the economic criteria of 2005–2015, the economic valuation rate of real estate was found for the years 2016–2021. The results were compared with 10 market sample data for the years 2020–2021. The values estimated by the economic valuation rate of the real estate in 2020 approached the market values with an average of ± 7 % standard deviation and in 2021 with a ± 14 % standard deviation. A sustainable mass appraisal system for taxation was successfully tested and its sustainability was observed.

BANGUNAN HIJAU PADA PUSAT TANAMAN HIAS DI KOTA RANTAU

Ornamental plants are plants that function as decorations in space, both outdoors and indoors. Collecting ornamental plants is very popular among housewives. Based on a survey conducted in Rantau City, the use of ornamental plants in houses in urban areas is very little compared to rural areas. This indicates that people in urban areas are less concerned about ornamental plants. To introduce ornamental plants more deeply to all circles, an ornamental plant center is made that can accommodate plants efficiently. The problem raised in the design of the ornamental plant center is how to design a building that can accommodate plants, attract public interest and accommodate activities related to ornamental plants. This problem is solved by using a building form in the form of a greenhouse to accommodate massive plants, and using the concept of green building to optimize the workability of the building and introduce ornamental plants to a wider community.

PEMANFAATAN PEKARANGAN RUMAH PERKOTAAN DENGAN BUDIDAYA SAYURAN HIDROPONIK

Houses in urban areas generally have limited yard land. With a little creativity, the limited yard land can be used for hydroponic vegetable cultivation. This activity aims to disseminate hydroponic system vegetable cultivation by utilizing limited land for home gardens in urban areas. Activities carried out in the form of counseling, cultivation practices and the manufacture of ab-mix nutrition as well as assistance in hydroponic vegetable cultivation. This activity is able to increase participants' knowledge by producing vegetables for consumption and has the potential to be developed into additional household income