Previous articleNext article No AccessRemittances, Investment, and Rural Asset Accumulation in PakistanRichard H. Adams Jr.Richard H. Adams Jr.International Food Policy Research Institute Search for more articles by this author International Food Policy Research InstitutePDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by Economic Development and Cultural Change Volume 47, Number 1October 1998 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/452390 Views: 408Total views on this site Citations: 166Citations are reported from Crossref © 1998 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Mesfin Agza, Bamlaku Alamirew, Admasu Shibru Determinants of rural-urban migration and its impact on migrant-sending households’ livelihood security in Gurage zone, Ethiopia, Cogent Social Sciences 9, no.11 (Apr 2023).https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2023.2190253Ubaid Ali, Mazhar Mughal, Lionel de Boisdeffre Migrant remittances, agriculture investment and cropping patterns, Journal of Agricultural Economics 1 (Apr 2023).https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.12526Michael D. Tyburski Remittances and Revenue in Latin America, 1990–2017, Studies in Comparative International Development 40 (Mar 2023).https://doi.org/10.1007/s12116-023-09390-3Roshini Jayaweera, Reetu Verma Are remittances a solution to housing issues? A case study from Sri Lanka, Social Sciences & Humanities Open 7, no.11 (Jan 2023): 100392.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2022.100392Olayinka Akanle, Demilade Kayode, Irenitemi Abolade Sustainable development goals (SDGs) and remittances in Africa, Cogent Social Sciences 8, no.11 (Feb 2022).https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2022.2037811Mesfin Agza, Bamlaku Alamirew, Admasu Shibru Multidimensional poverty and the variables that contribute to it in the Gurage Zone of Ethiopia: Using rural-urban migration as a decomposition parameter, Human Systems Management 2013 (Nov 2022): 1–13.https://doi.org/10.3233/HSM-220129Ahmed Raza Cheema, Ian Coxhead Does Dowry Drive Labor Export? Evidence From Pakistan, The Developing Economies (Oct 2022).https://doi.org/10.1111/deve.12334Dal Didia, Suleiman Tahir Enhancing Economic Growth and Government Revenue Generation in Nigeria: The Role of Diaspora Remittances, The Review of Black Political Economy 49, no.22 (Jun 2021): 175–202.https://doi.org/10.1177/00346446211025647Laurent Bossavie, Çağlar Özden Impacts of Temporary Migration on Development in Origin Countries, 47 (May 2022).https://doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-9996Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Lubna Khan, Imtiaz Arif Are remittances and imports substitute or complement in developing country? A disaggregated evidence, Journal of Chinese Economic and Foreign Trade Studies 15, no.11 (Feb 2022): 106–123.https://doi.org/10.1108/JCEFTS-07-2021-0038Sarah Salahuddin, Muhammad Mehedi Masud, Kwek Kian Teng Remittances and households’ savings behaviour in Bangladesh, Society and Business Review 17, no.11 (Jul 2021): 120–140.https://doi.org/10.1108/SBR-08-2020-0104Md Shahadath Hossain, Adesola Sunmoni Remittances and Household Investment Decisions: Evidence from sub-Saharan Africa, IZA Journal of Development and Migration 13, no.11 (Apr 2022).https://doi.org/10.2478/izajodm-2022-0004Vishal Narayan, Shreya Kankanhalli The Economic and Social Impacts of Migration on Brand Expenditure: Evidence from Rural India, Journal of Marketing 85, no.66 (Oct 2021): 63–82.https://doi.org/10.1177/00222429211021992Donghui Wang, Annelise Hagedorn, Guangqing Chi Remittances and household spending strategies: evidence from the Life in Kyrgyzstan Study, 2011–2013, Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 47, no.1313 (Nov 2019): 3015–3036.https://doi.org/10.1080/1369183X.2019.1683442Solomon Zena Walelign, Lindy Callen Charlery, Mariève Pouliot Poverty Trap or Means to Escape Poverty? Empirical Evidence on the Role of Environmental Income in Rural Nepal, The Journal of Development Studies 57, no.1010 (Feb 2021): 1613–1639.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2021.1873282Chetan Choithani, Robbin Jan van Duijne, Jan Nijman Changing livelihoods at India’s rural–urban transition, World Development 146 (Oct 2021): 105617.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2021.105617Jorge Mora-Rivera, Edwin van Gameren The impact of remittances on food insecurity: Evidence from Mexico, World Development 140 (Apr 2021): 105349.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105349Dirgha J. Ghimire, William G. Axinn, Prem Bhandari Social change, out-migration, and exit from farming in Nepal, Population and Environment 42, no.33 (Oct 2020): 302–324.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11111-020-00363-5Joseph B. Ajefu, Joseph O. Ogebe The effects of international remittances on expenditure patterns of the left‐behind households in Sub‐Saharan Africa, Review of Development Economics 25, no.11 (Sep 2020): 405–429.https://doi.org/10.1111/rode.12721William M. Fonta, Emmanuel O. Nwosu, Djiby R. Thiam, Elias T. Ayuk The development outcomes of remittance inflows to Nigeria: the case of the Southeastern Geo-political zone, Migration and Development 1 (Jan 2021): 1–17.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2020.1866879Rémi Viné Tajikistan, Remittances, Expenditures and the Family Left-behind, SSRN Electronic Journal 38 (Jan 2021).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3761371Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Naoyuki Yoshino, Miyu Otsuka Role of International Remittances as an Economic Instrument for Poverty Eradication in Line with Sustainable Development Goals, (Jun 2021): 441–466.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9287-4_7Barış Alpaslan, Aysegul Kayaoglu, Jürgen Meckl, Joaquín Naval, Michaella Vanore, Thomas H.W. Ziesemer Economic Effects of Remittances on Migrants’ Country of Origin, (Dec 2020): 449–483.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48291-6_20Indra Kant Bharti, Tulika Tripathi Effect of Remittance on Intergenerational Mobility in Case of Occupation, The Indian Journal of Labour Economics 63, no.44 (Oct 2020): 1203–1221.https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-020-00238-1Ganesh Seshan Migration and asset accumulation in South India, (Oct 2020): 326–358.https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003109747-18Benjamin Davis, Gero Carletto, Paul C. Winters Introduction, (Aug 2020): 1–13.https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003061229-1Kashif Imran, Evelyn S. Devadason, Cheong Kee Cheok Foreign Remittances and Regional Poverty: Evidence from Household Data, International Migration 58, no.44 (Dec 2019): 214–230.https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12681Prem Bhandari Productive vs. consumptive uses of remittances by households, (Jun 2020): 58–84.https://doi.org/10.4324/9780429321450-3Maroula Khraiche, James Boudreau Can lower remittance costs improve human capital accumulation in Africa?, Journal of Policy Modeling (Jun 2020).https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2020.04.005Justin Sunny, Jajati K. Parida, Mohammed Azurudeen Remittances, Investment and New Emigration Trends in Kerala, Review of Development and Change 25, no.11 (Jun 2020): 5–29.https://doi.org/10.1177/0972266120932484Ranjan Kumar Dash Impact of Remittances on Domestic Investment: A Panel Study of Six South Asian Countries, South Asia Economic Journal 21, no.11 (Feb 2020): 7–30.https://doi.org/10.1177/1391561420903199Shankar Ghimire, Kul Prasad Kapri Does the Source of Remittance Matter? Differentiated Effects of Earned and Unearned Remittances on Agricultural Productivity, Economies 8, no.11 (Jan 2020): 8.https://doi.org/10.3390/economies8010008, Peter Nderitu GITHAIGA Foreign Remittances, Banking Sector Development and Private Sector Investment, Journal of Business Economics and Environmental Studies 10, no.11 (Jan 2020): 7–18.https://doi.org/10.13106/jbees.2020.vol10.no1.7Shubhasish Barua, Farhana Rafiq Macroeconomic Determinants of Remittances and Implications for Economic Growth: Evidence from Bangladesh, (Feb 2020): 371–392.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1244-5_14S. Irudaya Rajan, Pinak Sarkar Out-Migration from West Bengal: Measuring the Economic Consequences Both at the Source and Destination, (May 2020): 349–366.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3045-6_20Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary, Naoyuki Yoshino, Miyu Otsuka Role of International Remittances as an Economic Instrument for Poverty Eradication in Line with Sustainable Development Goals, (Oct 2020): 1–27.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6093-4_7-1Nasreen Nawaz Converting remittances to investment: a dynamic optimal policy, Journal of Economics and Finance 44, no.11 (May 2019): 140–160.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12197-019-09473-9Michael A. Clemens, Timothy N. Ogden Migration and household finances: How a different framing can improve thinking about migration, Development Policy Review 38, no.11 (Oct 2019): 3–27.https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12471Kashif Imran, Evelyn S. Devadason, Cheong Kee Cheok Developmental Impacts of Remittances on Migrant-Sending Households: Micro-Level Evidence from Punjab, Pakistan, Journal of South Asian Development 14, no.33 (Dec 2019): 338–366.https://doi.org/10.1177/0973174119887302Raymond Kuo Economic Migration and Communal Violence in Pakistan, International Migration 57, no.55 (May 2019): 161–180.https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12590Smriti Tiwari Long-Term Effects of Temporary Income Shocks on Food Consumption and Subjective Well-Being, The Journal of Development Studies 55, no.88 (Apr 2018): 1687–1707.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2018.1464144Solomon Zena Walelign, Martin Reinhardt Nielsen, Helle Overgaard Larsen Environmental Income as a Pathway Out of Poverty? Empirical Evidence on Asset Accumulation in Nepal, The Journal of Development Studies 55, no.77 (Dec 2017): 1508–1526.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2017.1408796Iddisah Sulemana, Ebenezer Bugri Anarfo, Peter Quartey International remittances and household food security in Sub-Saharan Africa, Migration and Development 8, no.22 (Dec 2018): 264–280.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2018.1560926Rosemary Emegu Isoto, David Simon Kraybill Gender disaggregated effects of microcredit on capital accumulation in rural households, Agricultural Finance Review 79, no.22 (Apr 2019): 204–216.https://doi.org/10.1108/AFR-05-2017-0034Mehdi Chowdhury, Dragana Radicic Remittances and Asset Accumulation in Bangladesh: A Study Using Generalised Propensity Score, Journal of International Development 47 (Mar 2019).https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3413Florin Vadean, Teresa Randazzo, Matloob Piracha Remittances, Labour Supply and Activity of Household Members Left-Behind, The Journal of Development Studies 55, no.22 (Nov 2017): 278–293.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2017.1404031Peter Quartey, Charles Ackah, Monica Puoma Lambon-Quayefio Inter-linkages between remittance and savings in Ghana, International Journal of Social Economics 46, no.11 (Jan 2019): 152–166.https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-12-2017-0618Rollin F Tusalem Do migrant remittances improve the quality of government? Evidence from the Philippines, Asian Journal of Comparative Politics 3, no.44 (Mar 2018): 336–366.https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891118757694Lingling Zheng, Ruwei Hu, Zichuan Dong, Yuantao Hao Comparing the needs and utilization of health services between urban residents and rural-to-urban migrants in China from 2012 to 2016, BMC Health Services Research 18, no.11 (Sep 2018).https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3522-yCynthia Kinnan, Shing-Yi Wang, Yongxiang Wang Access to Migration for Rural Households, American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 10, no.44 (Oct 2018): 79–119.https://doi.org/10.1257/app.20160395Erol BULUT, Abdiqadar Abdigani MOHAMED Remittances and Poverty Reduction in Somalia, Fiscaoeconomia 2, no.33 (Sep 2018): 1–37.https://doi.org/10.25295/fsecon.2018.03.001Junaid Ahmed, Mazhar Mughal, Inmaculada Martinez-Zarzoso They earn and send; we spend: consumption patterns of Pakistani migrant households, International Journal of Social Economics 45, no.77 (Jul 2018): 1092–1108.https://doi.org/10.1108/IJSE-01-2017-0029Junaid Ahmed, Mazhar Mughal, Stephan Klasen Great Expectations? Remittances and Asset Accumulation in Pakistan, Journal of International Development 30, no.33 (Jan 2016): 507–532.https://doi.org/10.1002/jid.3202Farai Jena Migrant Remittances and Physical Investment Purchases: Evidence from Kenyan Households, The Journal of Development Studies 54, no.22 (Feb 2017): 312–326.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2017.1288219George Abuchi Agwu, Denis Nfor Yuni, Lasbrey Anochiwa Do remittances improve income inequality? An instrumental variable quantile analysis of the Senegalese case, International Migration 56, no.11 (Dec 2017): 146–166.https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12414Chukwuedozie K. Ajaero, Chidi T. Nzeadibe, Nkechi Obisie-Nmehielle, Chinedu C. Ike The linkages between international migration, remittances and household welfare in Nigeria, Migration and Development 7, no.11 (Apr 2017): 40–54.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2017.1322171Joseph Boniface Ajefu Migrant remittances and assets accumulation among Nigerian households, Migration and Development 7, no.11 (Oct 2017): 72–84.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2017.1392083Anh Thu Quang Pham, Pundarik Mukhopadhaya , Social Indicators Research 138, no.33 ( 2018): 953.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-017-1691-4Simone Piras, Matteo Vittuari, Judith Möllers, Thomas Herzfeld Remittance inflow and smallholder farming practices. The case of Moldova, Land Use Policy 70 (Jan 2018): 654–665.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.10.050Michael Coon, Rebecca Neumann Follow the Money: Remittance Responses to FDI Inflows, Journal of Globalization and Development 8, no.22 (Dec 2017).https://doi.org/10.1515/jgd-2017-0023Duc Loc Nguyen, Ulrike Grote, Trung Thanh Nguyen Migration and rural household expenditures: A case study from Vietnam, Economic Analysis and Policy 56 (Dec 2017): 163–175.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eap.2017.09.001Leonardo Bonilla-Mejía Choques externos y remesas internacionales en las regiones de Colombia, Ensayos sobre Política Económica 35, no.8484 (Dec 2017): 189–202.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.espe.2017.05.001Chaitali Sinha International Migration and Welfare Implications, South Asian Journal of Macroeconomics and Public Finance 6, no.22 (Oct 2017): 209–229.https://doi.org/10.1177/2277978717727170Durga Prasad Gautam Remittance inflows and starting a business, Journal of Entrepreneurship and Public Policy 6, no.33 (Nov 2017): 290–314.https://doi.org/10.1108/JEPP-D-17-00002Muhammad Umair, Abdul Waheed What Drives Remittances from Saudi Arabia to Pakistan? Home Versus Host Country's Economic Conditions, International Migration 55, no.44 (May 2017): 141–153.https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12344Muhammad Mobeen Shafqat, Enjun Xia, Muhammad Waseem Bari, Muhammad Awais Baloch Linkage between remittances and FDI: Evidence from low-income countries, (Jul 2017): 1–5.https://doi.org/10.1109/IEIS.2017.8078630Sridhar Thapa, Sanjaya Acharya Remittances and Household Expenditure in Nepal: Evidence from Cross-Section Data, Economies 5, no.22 (May 2017): 16.https://doi.org/10.3390/economies5020016Larry L. Howard, Denise L. Stanley Remittances channels and the physical growth of Honduran children, International Review of Applied Economics 31, no.33 (Nov 2016): 376–397.https://doi.org/10.1080/02692171.2016.1257582Prem Bhandari, Indra Chaudhary A calendar method of collecting remittance use data in a remittance dependent setting of Nepal, Migration and Development 6, no.22 (Jan 2016): 177–197.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2015.1129689Mohammad Jalal Uddin Sikder, Vaughan Higgins Remittances and social resilience of migrant households in rural Bangladesh, Migration and Development 6, no.22 (Feb 2016): 253–275.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2016.1142752Dietmar Meyer, Adela Shera The impact of remittances on economic growth: An econometric model, EconomiA 18, no.22 (May 2017): 147–155.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econ.2016.06.001Ana Melisa Pardo Montaño, Claudio Alberto Dávila Cervantes Migración y desarrollo. Características de los hogares y uso de las remesas internas e internacionales en México , Revista Desarrollo y Sociedad , no.7878 (Mar 2017): 113–141.https://doi.org/10.13043/dys.78.3Holly Barcus, Cynthia Werner Choosing to Stay: (Im)Mobility Decisions Amongst Mongolia’s Ethnic Kazakhs, Globalizations 14, no.11 (Apr 2016): 32–50.https://doi.org/10.1080/14747731.2016.1161038Mohammad Jalal Uddin Sikder, Vaughan Higgins, Peter Harry Ballis Remittances and Livelihood Diversification: Building Resilient Household Economies, (Oct 2017): 163–190.https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57771-9_5James T. Bang, Aniruddha Mitra, Phanindra V. Wunnava Do remittances improve income inequality? An instrumental variable quantile analysis of the Kenyan case, Economic Modelling 58 (Nov 2016): 394–402.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2016.04.004Ralf Seppelt, Graeme S. Cumming Humanity’s distance to nature: time for environmental austerity?, Landscape Ecology 31, no.88 (Jul 2016): 1645–1651.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-016-0423-5Teferi Mergo The Effects of International Migration on Migrant-Source Households: Evidence from Ethiopian Diversity-Visa Lottery Migrants, World Development 84 (Aug 2016): 69–81.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2016.04.001Amar I. Anwar, Mazhar Y. Mughal Migrant remittances and fertility, Applied Economics 48, no.3636 (Feb 2016): 3399–3415.https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2016.1139676Min Zhou, Xiangyi Li Cross-space Consumption among Undocumented Chinese Immigrants in the United States, Sociology of Development 2, no.22 (Jun 2016): 158–182.https://doi.org/10.1525/sod.2016.2.2.158Syed Tehseen Jawaid, Syed Ali Raza Effects of Workers' Remittances and its Volatility on Economic Growth in South Asia, International Migration 54, no.22 (May 2014): 50–68.https://doi.org/10.1111/imig.12151Wei Ha, Junjian Yi, Ye Yuan, Junsen Zhang The dynamic effect of rural-to-urban migration on inequality in source villages: System GMM estimates from rural China, China Economic Review 37 (Feb 2016): 27–39.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2015.09.002Sylvie Démurger, Xiaoqian Wang Remittances and expenditure patterns of the left behinds in rural China, China Economic Review 37 (Feb 2016): 177–190.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2015.12.002J. Edward Taylor, Michael Castelhano Economic Impacts of Migrant Remittances, (Jan 2016): 525–541.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7282-2_24José Jorge Mora Rivera, Jesús Arellano González Las remesas como determinantes del gasto en las zonas rurales de México, Estudios Fronterizos 17, no.3333 (Dec 2015): 231–259.https://doi.org/10.21670/ref.2016.33.a09C. Valatheeswaran International remittances and household expenditure patterns in Tamil Nadu, The Indian Journal of Labour Economics 58, no.44 (Nov 2016): 631–652.https://doi.org/10.1007/s41027-016-0042-3Thi Thanh Nga Bui, Thi Thanh Ngan Le, Kevin James Daly Microlevel impacts of remittances on household behavior: Viet Nam case study, Emerging Markets Review 25 (Dec 2015): 176–190.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ememar.2015.10.001Syed Ali Raza Foreign direct investment, workers’ remittances and private saving in Pakistan: an ARDL bound testing approach, Journal of Business Economics and Management 16, no.66 (Dec 2015): 1216–1234.https://doi.org/10.3846/16111699.2013.792867Dingde Xu, Jifei Zhang, Golam Rasul, Shaoquan Liu, Fangting Xie, Mengtian Cao, Enlai Liu Household Livelihood Strategies and Dependence on Agriculture in the Mountainous Settlements in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, China, Sustainability 7, no.55 (Apr 2015): 4850–4869.https://doi.org/10.3390/su7054850Rabia Arif, Azam Chaudhry The effects of external migration on enrolments, accumulated schooling and dropouts in Punjab, Applied Economics 47, no.1616 (Jan 2015): 1607–1632.https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2014.1000518Marcus H. Böhme Does migration raise agricultural investment? An empirical analysis for rural Mexico, Agricultural Economics 46, no.22 (Jan 2015): 211–225.https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12152Dean Yang International Migration and Remittances, (Jan 2015): 519–524.https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-097086-8.31126-6Junaid Ahmed, Mazhar Y Mughal How Do Migrant Remittances Affect Household Consumption Patterns?, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2015).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2558094Akylai Muktarbek kyzy, Tchoro Seyitov, Nurbek Jenish Remittances and Expenditure Patterns of Households in the Kyrgyz Republic, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2015).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2733425Matthieu Delpierre, Bertrand Verheyden Remittances, savings and return migration under uncertainty, IZA Journal of Migration 3, no.11 (Nov 2014).https://doi.org/10.1186/s40176-014-0022-7Mohamed Babiker Ibrahim, Leo Charles Zulu Development without Intervention: A Successful Self‐Reliance Initiative of Rural Development and Urban Growth in The Sudan, Geographical Review 104, no.44 (Nov 2019): 481–505.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1931-0846.2014.12037.xSonja Fransen, Valentina Mazzucato Remittances and Household Wealth after Conflict: A Case Study on Urban Burundi, World Development 60 (Aug 2014): 57–68.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2014.03.018Marcus H. Böhme Does migration raise agricultural investment? An empirical analysis for rural Mexico, Agricultural Economics (Aug 2014): n/a–n/a.https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.12136Slobodan Djajić TEMPORARY EMIGRATION AND WELFARE: THE CASE OF LOW-SKILLED LABOR, International Economic Review 55, no.22 (Apr 2014): 551–574.https://doi.org/10.1111/iere.12061Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Susan Pozo Remittance income uncertainty and asset accumulation, IZA Journal of Labor & Development 3, no.11 (Jan 2014): 3.https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-9020-3-3Michael Coon Financial development and the end-use of migrants' remittances, IZA Journal of Labor & Development 3, no.11 (Jan 2014): 7.https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-9020-3-7Michael A. Clemens, Timothy Ogden Migration as a Strategy for Household Finance: A Research Agenda on Remittances, Payments, and Development, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2014).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2457148Ganesh K. Seshan Network Effects, Social Comparisons and Welfare Gains to Origin Households: Comparing the Dynamics of Internal and International Migration of South Indians, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2014).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2511643Michael Coon Financial Development and the End-Use of Migrants' Remittances, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2014).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2718310A. K. M. Nurul Hossain, Syed Hasanuzzaman Remittances and investment nexus in Bangladesh: an ARDL bounds testing approach, International Review of Economics 60, no.44 (Nov 2012): 387–407.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12232-012-0170-0Prabal K. De Cultural transmission and contraceptive use: evidence from USA–Mexico migration, Migration and Development 2, no.22 (Dec 2013): 286–311.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2013.800701Manohar P. Sharma International Contract-Based Migration, Remittances, and Household Well-Being in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, International Migration 51 (Jul 2011): e216–e248.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2435.2011.00683.xPratikshya Bohra-Mishra Labour migration and investments by remaining households in rural Nepal, Journal of Population Research 30, no.22 (Oct 2012): 171–192.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12546-012-9097-2Ruchira Ganguly‐Scrase Asia, migration and development nexus, (Feb 2013).https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444351071.wbeghm043Anita Alves Pena Remittances and undocumented migration, (Feb 2013).https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444351071.wbeghm443John Gibson / David McKenzie / Steven Stillman Accounting for Selectivity and Duration-Dependent Heterogeneity When Estimating the Impact of Emigration on Incomes and Poverty in Sending Areas, Economic Development and Cultural Change 61, no.22 (Jul 2015): 247–280.https://doi.org/10.1086/668276Ping Li, Li-na Yang The Effects of International Intelligence Outflow on Human Capital Levels of Mother Countries, (Jun 2013): 457–466.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38442-4_49Robert Stojanov, Wadim Strielkowski The Role of Remittances as More Efficient Tool of Development Aid in Developing Countries, Prague Economic Papers 22, no.44 (Jan 2013): 487–503.https://doi.org/10.18267/j.pep.464Filiz Garip Repeat Migration and Remittances as Mechanisms for Wealth Inequality in 119 Communities From the Mexican Migration Project Data, Demography 49, no.44 (Aug 2012): 1335–1360.https://doi.org/10.1007/s13524-012-0128-6Hulya Ulku Remitting Behaviour of Turkish Migrants: Evidence from Household Data in Germany, Urban Studies 49, no.1414 (Nov 2012): 3139–3158.https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098012437747Tigran A. Melkonyan, David A. Grigorian Microeconomic Implications of Remittances in an Overlapping Generations Model with Altruism and a Motive to Receive Inheritance, Journal of Development Studies 48, no.88 (Aug 2012): 1026–1044.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2011.598507Vera Chiodi, Esteban Jaimovich, Gabriel Montes-Rojas Migration, Remittances and Capital Accumulation: Evidence from Rural Mexico, Journal of Development Studies 48, no.88 (Aug 2012): 1139–1155.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2012.688817Prabal K. De, Dilip Ratha Impact of remittances on household income, asset and human capital: evidence from Sri Lanka, Migration and Development 1, no.11 (Jun 2012): 163–179.https://doi.org/10.1080/21632324.2012.719348Matthieu Delpierre The impact of liquidity constraints and imperfect commitment on migration decisions of offspring of rural households, Review of Economics of the Household 10, no.11 (Jan 2011): 153–170.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-010-9113-2HRUSHIKESH MALLICK INFLOW OF REMITTANCES AND PRIVATE INVESTMENT IN INDIA, The Singapore Economic Review 57, no.0101 (Mar 2012): 1250004.https://doi.org/10.1142/S021759081250004XAnn Vogel, Kim Korinek Passing by the Girls? Remittance Allocation for Educational Expenditures and Social Inequality in Nepal's Households 2003–2004, International Migration Review 46, no.11 (Jul 2018): 61–100.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2012.00881.xDiep Phan Migration and Credit Constraints: Theory and Evidence from Vietnam, Review of Development Economics 16, no.11 (Jan 2012): 31–44.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2011.00644.xJerónimo Cortina Lessons from the Financial Crisis: Remittances and Social Assistance among Left-Behind Children and Women in Mexico, (Jan 2012): 121–142.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-37025-8_7Cong Li, Shuzhuo Li, Marcus W. Feldman, Gretchen C. Daily, Jie Li , Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 21, no.11 ( 2012): 1.https://doi.org/10.1177/011719681202100101Anupam Das Remittance Behavior of Migrants and its Macroeconomic Effects in Four Developing Countries, International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 1, no.11 (Jan 2012): 41–59.https://doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2012010104FLEUR WOUTERSE, MARRIT VAN DEN BERG Heterogeneous migration flows from the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso: the role of natural and social capital, The Geographical Journal 177, no.44 (May 2011): 357–366.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4959.2011.00423.xJohn Gibson, David McKenzie, Steven Stillman The Impacts of International Migration on Remaining Household Members: Omnibus Results from a Migration Lottery Program, Review of Economics and Statistics 93, no.44 (Nov 2011): 1297–1318.https://doi.org/10.1162/REST_a_00129Dean Yang Migrant Remittances, Journal of Economic Perspectives 25, no.33 (Aug 2011): 129–152.https://doi.org/10.1257/jep.25.3.129 Alam The Analysis of International Migration towards Economic Growth, American Journal of Applied Sciences 8, no.88 (Aug 2011): 782–788.https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2011.782.788Jeffrey A. Edwards, Jennis J. Biser The interactive effect of remittances and civil liberties on investment and consumption, International Journal of Development Issues 10, no.11 (Apr 2011): 20–33.https://doi.org/10.1108/14468951111123319David A. Grigorian, Tigran A. Melkonyan Destined to Receive: The Impact of Remittances on Household Decisions in Armenia, Review of Development Economics 15, no.11 (Jan 2011): 139–153.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9361.2010.00598.xClaire L. Adida, Desha M. Girod Do Migrants Improve Their Hometowns? Remittances and Access to Public Services in Mexico, 1995-2000, Comparative Political Studies 44, no.11 (Jan 2011): 3–27.https://doi.org/10.1177/0010414010381073Fida Karam, Bernard Decaluwé Is international migration a cure for Moroccan unemployment?, The Journal of North African Studies 15, no.44 (Dec 2010): 497–520.https://doi.org/10.1080/13629381003603006Feinian Chen, Kim Korinek Family life course transitions and rural Household economy during China’s market reform, Demography 47, no.44 (Nov 2010): 963–987.https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03213735Richard H. Adams, Alfredo Cuecuecha Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala, World Development 38, no.1111 (Nov 2010): 1626–1641.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2010.03.003Hua Qin Rural-to-Urban Labor Migration, Household Livelihoods, and the Rural Environment in Chongqing Municipality, Southwest China, Human Ecology 38, no.55 (Sep 2010): 675–690.https://doi.org/10.1007/s10745-010-9353-zFleur Wouterse Migration and technical efficiency in cereal production: evidence from Burkina Faso, Agricultural Economics 41, no.55 (Aug 2010): 385–395.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2010.00452.xF. Wouterse Remittances, Poverty, Inequality and Welfare: Evidence from the Central Plateau of Burkina Faso, Journal of Development Studies 46, no.44 (Apr 2010): 771–789.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380903019461Nong Zhu, Xubei Luo The impact of migration on rural poverty and inequality: a case study in China, Agricultural Economics 41, no.22 (Mar 2010): 191–204.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-0862.2009.00434.xArjan de Haan, Shahin Yaqub Migration and Poverty: Linkages, Knowledge Gaps and Policy Implications, (Jan 2010): 190–219.https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230283374_6Benjamin Davis, Gero Carletto, Paul C. Winters Migration, Transfers and Economic Decision Making among Agricultural Households: an Introduction, Journal of Development Studies 46, no.11 (Jan 2010): 1–13.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220380903198000Prabal De Cultural Transmission and Contraceptive Use – Evidence from US-Mexico Migration, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2010).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1589043Vaqar Ahmed, Guntur Sugiyarto, Shikha Jha Remittances and Household Welfare: A Case Study of Pakistan, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2010).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1632200C.R.K. Ahortor, D.E. Adenutsi The Impact of Remittances on Economic Growth in Small-Open Developing Economies, Journal of Applied Sciences 9, no.1818 (Dec 2009): 3275–3286.https://doi.org/10.3923/jas.2009.3275.3286Luca Marchiori, Patrice Pieretti, Benteng Zou Brain drain, remittances, and fertility, Économie internationale n° 115, no.33 (Jul 2009): 9–42.https://doi.org/10.3917/ecoi.115.0009Simon Davies, Joshy Easaw, Atanu Ghoshray Mental accounting and remittances: A study of rural Malawian households, Journal of Economic Psychology 30, no.33 (Jun 2009): 321–334.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2009.03.003Theodore Lianos, Anastasia Pseiridis On the occupational choices of return migrants, Entrepreneurship & Regional Development 21, no.22 (Mar 2009): 155–181.https://doi.org/10.1080/08985620802176187Andrea Rossi The Impact of Migration on Children Left Behind in Developing Countries: Outcomes Analysis and Data Requirements, SSRN Electronic Journal (Jan 2009).https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2490380Fleur Wouterse, J. Edward Taylor Migration and Income Diversification:, World Development 36, no.44 (Apr 2008): 625–640.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.03.009Dean Yang International Migration, Remittances and Household Investment: Evidence from Philippine Migrants’ Exchange Rate Shocks, The Economic Journal 118, no.528528 (Mar 2008): 591–630.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2008.02134.xTigran A. Melkonyan, , David A. Grigorian, Microeconomic Implications of Remittances in an Overlapping Generations Model with Altruism and Self-Interest, IMF Working Papers 08, no.1919 (Jan 2008): 1.https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451868814.001Maurice Schiff Migration, investissement et commerce : substituts ou compléments ?, Revue d'économie du développement Vol. 15, no.22 (Oct 2007): 7–35.https://doi.org/10.3917/edd.212.0007Riccardo Faini Migrations et transferts de fonds. Impact sur les pays d'origine, Revue d'économie du développement Vol. 15, no.22 (Oct 2007): 153–182.https://doi.org/10.3917/edd.212.0153Arjan de Haan International Migration in an Era of Globalization: Has it Come Out of its Marginality?, (Jan 2007): 273–295.https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230801462_15Riccardo Faini Remittances and the Brain Drain: Do More Skilled Migrants Remit More?, The World Bank Economic Review 21, no.22 (May 2007): 177–191.https://doi.org/10.1093/wber/lhm006Richard H. Adams International Remittances and the Household: Analysis and Review of Global Evidence†, Journal of African Economies 15, no.suppl_2suppl_2 (Oct 2006): 396–425.https://doi.org/10.1093/jafeco/ejl028Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes, Susan Pozo Remittance Receipt and Business Ownership in the Dominican Republic, The World Economy 29, no.77 (Jul 2006): 939–956.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2006.00830.xJacques Bouhga-Hagbe, Altruism and Workers' Remittances: Evidence From Selected Countries in the Middle East and Central Asia, IMF Working Papers 06, no.130130 (Jan 2006): 1.https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451863901.001Marta Ruiz-Arranz, , Paola Giuliano, Remittances, Financial Development, and Growth, IMF Working Papers 05, no.234234 (Jan 2005): 1.https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451862539.001Leah Karin VanWey Altruistic and Contractual Remittances Between Male and Female Migrants and Households in Rural Thailand, Demography 41, no.44 (Jan 2004): 739–756.https://doi.org/10.1353/dem.2004.0039 International Monetary Fund Morocco: Selected Issues, IMF Staff Country Reports 04, no.164164 (Jan 2004): 1.https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451824735.002Jacques Bouhga-Hagbe, A Theory of Workers' Remittances with An Application to Morocco, IMF Working Papers 04, no.194194 (Jan 2004): 1.https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451859898.001Marieke de Goede Hawala Discourses and the War on Terrorist Finance, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 21, no.55 (Oct 2003): 513–532.https://doi.org/10.1068/d310tSamir Jahjah, , Ralph Chami, , Connel Fullenkamp, Are Immigrant Remittance Flows a Source of Capital for Development, IMF Working Papers 03, no.189189 (Jan 2003): 1.https://doi.org/10.5089/9781451859638.001Manuel Orozco Globalization and Migration: The Impact of Family Remittances in Latin America, Latin American Politics and Society 44, no.22 (Jan 2018): 41–66.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-2456.2002.tb00205.xDavid P. Lindstrom, Nathanael Lauster Local Economic Opportunity and the Competing Risks of Internal and U.S. Migration in Zacatecas, Mexico , International Migration Review 35, no.44 (Jul 2018): 1232–1256.https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2001.tb00059.xArjan de Haan Livelihoods and poverty: The role of migration ‐ a critical review of the migration literature, Journal of Development Studies 36, no.22 (Dec 1999): 1–47.https://doi.org/10.1080/00220389908422619