Housing District Research Articles

School District Housing Buyers and Educational Investment Returns: A Case Study of X District in Shanghai

As a dual carrier of educational resources and economic assets, school district housing has become an important tool for family educational investment and social class reproduction. This paper takes Shanghai's X District as an example to explore, from a sociological perspective, the purchasing behaviors of different groups regarding school district housing and their educational investment returns. It reveals the key role of school district housing in the accumulation of cultural and social capital. The study finds that high-income families, the middle class, and the working class in X District exhibit different demand tendencies when purchasing school district housing, reflecting goals of obtaining high-quality educational resources, expanding social capital, and achieving upward social mobility, respectively. The phenomenon of school district housing exacerbates the imbalance in the distribution of educational resources and limits social mobility.

Balancing education and real estate: The impact of the teacher rotation policy on school district housing prices

In this study, we use Shanghai as a case study, leveraging extensive housing transaction data from its pilot areas to analyze the impact of the teacher rotation policy on the differentiation of school district housing prices within the city. Our findings reveal that the policy significantly reduces housing prices in high-quality school districts, with the most pronounced effect observed in dual school districts. This suggests that the teacher rotation policy not only promotes a more equitable distribution of educational resources but also curbs the excessive and irrational inflation of school district housing prices in major cities.

Enhancing the building resilience in a changing climate through a passive cooling roof: A case study in Camas (Seville, Spain)

Renovating buildings is a crucial mission for the coming decades to combat energy inefficiencies and produce a resilient building stock. The inefficient thermal envelope has significant implications for occupants, especially for families lacking the financial resources to maintain a healthy and comfortable indoor environment. In scenarios where households cannot afford or utilize HVAC systems and high temperatures are more frequent, building retrofits should prioritize reducing heat loss in winter and passively lowering indoor temperatures in the cooling season. This work introduces a new solution to enhance the liveability of a social housing building in southern Spain by integrating a double-skin roof with a conventional retrofit strategy, which incorporates passive cooling techniques – night ventilation and an evaporative cooling system – for effective heat dissipation based on available commercial solutions. An extensive monitoring campaign was conducted over three years to evaluate the thermal comfort of occupants and the risk of overheating in naturally conditioned buildings before and after renovation following two impact assessment methods: real-time data-based and simulation-based. The real-time data-based method compared the indoor conditions of a dwelling with a conventionally retrofitted roof to one with a double-skin roof, indicating that the dynamic roof maintains a ceiling temperature lower than the air temperature throughout the summer while the conventional roof acts as a heating surface. On the other side, the simulation-based method compared the observed indoor conditions with a double-skin roof enabled during 2023 to the initial stage and a double-skin roof disabled scenario, using calibrated building energy models. The natural cooling roof solution almost eliminates the overheating events, leading to a reduction of 94.1% and 76.9% in discomfort degree-hours compared to the initial stage according to the ASHRAE adaptative and Fanger comfort models, respectively. Additionally, the results indicate that conventional retrofits can increase the risk of overheating when a cooling system is not considered. Integrating a cool roof solution requires only an extra implementation cost of 31€/m2 compared to a conventional solution, having an operational cost that represents less than 3% of the minimum monthly income in the social housing district.

Exploration of factors on school District Housing in China

In recent years, school district housing has raised a lot of attention in China where school facilities have begun playing a vital role in determination of housing in those districts resulting in higher costs of housing in schools’ districts in large and medium size cities. Although previous works have essentially compared the rates of premiums from a housing economics perspective, less effort has been made to adequately explicate the processes that underlie the formation of school district housing. This paper fills this gap by exlploring the evolution process of school district housing in China and discussing about its formation mode from several perspectives. This study will mainly focus on explorative and descriptive approach in selecting participants for interviews and documentary review for the analysis of narratives and themes. The research highlights the need to better understand the complex economically and sociologically driven factors when developing policy to ensure that education and housing are accessible by all.

The effect of a multi-school zoning policy on the capitalization of educational resources: A quasi-natural experiment in Beijing

The problem of capitalizing high-quality education resources into real estate prices has been widely analyzed. This paper discusses the influence of school district policy—the “multi-school zoning (MSZ)” policy—on district housing prices in Beijing. The MSZ policy randomly assigns students to key primary schools (A public primary school with a long history and outstanding teaching quality), indirectly affecting residents' house-buying behavior. Using data from 60,663 housing transactions, we evaluated the effect of the policy through regression discontinuity (RD) design methodology. The results showed that: (1) overall house prices decreased by 8.2 % in Xicheng, and by 10.1 % in Haidian. The more significant decrease in Haidian is likely because of the large differences in educational resources in that area. (2) Housing prices in key vs. high-quality school districts in Xicheng decreased by 10.7 % and 10.6 %, respectively, likely because of the superior quality and balanced educational resources in that region. The effect of the MSZ policy on housing prices in key and high-quality school districts is similar. (3) Housing prices in different school districts in Haidian decreased by 12.5 % and 6.8 %, respectively. The unique merit-based enrollment model of Haidian undermines the random allocation aspect of the MSZ policy, thereby diminishing its inhibitory effect on housing prices in high - quality school districts. These findings shed light on the MSZ's role in preventing the capitalization of educational resources, which varies among school districts. The results may serve as a reference for policy makers in subsequent implementations.

The liveability of school-district housings within a 15-minute life circle: a case study of Hohhot in western China

ABSTRACT Exploring the liveability of a community quantifies the residents' quality of life at the microscale, contributing to urban planning and management at the macro scale. However, the comprehensive assessment of school district housing's (SDH) liveability based on objective and subjective factors is still insufficient. This article evaluates the objective liveability based on point of interest (POI) data within a 15-minute life circle and measures the residents’ satisfaction according to questionnaire survey data. In addition, we measure the coupling coordination degree between objective liveability and residents’ satisfaction of SDH. The results show that SDHs with the highest objective liveability are aggregated in the junction of the four districts within a 15-minute walk or drive, but due to traffic jams, the number of SDHs with the highest objective liveability within a 15-minute drive is significantly fewer than that within a 15-minute walk. Most of SDHs with high residents’ satisfaction are new SDHs located in Xincheng District and Saihan District, and residents are not satisfied with the community infrastructure and housing conditions in old SDHs. The SDHs with good coordination are mostly located in Xincheng District and Saihan District, with better economic conditions. It is imperative to improve the objective liveability and residents’ satisfaction of SDHs in Huimin District and Yuquan District, with slow socio-economic development. This paper provides a guide for the government to build more community-friendly SDHs and livable cities.

Практика первой школы креативных индустрий в ХМАО-Югре: ключевые направления развития

The article presents regional practice and current results of the work of the school of creative industries of the District House of Folk Art (Khanty-Mansiysk), which is a regional methodological center in matters of preserving and popularizing the traditional culture of the peoples living in Ugra. The key directions for the development of the school of creative industries in the fields of education and science are delineated and characterized, with the aim of meeting educational needs and improving the quality of supplementary education, taking into account regional specifics. Thus, an important aspect of the activities of the school of creative industries of the District House of Folk Art is the organization of a creative space based on master classes, intensive platforms in various fields of creative industries and inter-studio practical activities aimed at studying the cultural, spiritual and moral heritage of the northern peoples using modern technologies. Specific results of the study may be utilized in the educational process of students in humanities disciplines and all those interested in the issues related to the formation and development of the creativity phenomenon. This exploration emphasizes the importance of creating an educational and creative environment that not only preserves the unique cultural heritage of the region but also integrates it ingeniously with modern technological advancements. The school’s multifaceted strategy, encompassing both theoretical knowledge and practical application, endeavors to foster an ecosystem conducive to the development of creativity and innovation. These endeavors highlight the school’s role in nurturing a new generation of professionals equipped to contribute significantly to the dynamic and evolving field of creative industries.

Factors Associated with Anxiety During Menopause in District Housing Samalanga

In 2020 in Indonesia, 14 million menopausal women will reach 7.4% of the total population. Anxiety is a common psychological symptom of menopause. The research aims to determine the factors associated with anxiety during menopause in the Lima Village, Samalanga District. This research is analytical with a cross-sectional approach. The population in the study of women aged 45-59 years in Lima Village was 504. The research sample was 83 people. Data was collected from 01 – 15 June 2023, using a questionnaire through interviews. Data analysis used the Chi-Square test. The research results showed that 76% of respondents experienced low anxiety, 54.2% had secondary education, 51.8% of respondents had less knowledge, 25.3% of respondents' attitudes were negative, 37.3% of respondents stated there was no family support, income did not match the UMP 79.5% and negative self-acceptance 31.3%. The research conclusion is that there is a relationship between knowledge, attitudes, family support, income and self-acceptance, and maternal anxiety during menopause

The distributional effects of introducing a lottery system in school assignment rule: Evidence from an experiment in Beijing, China

This paper examines the distributional effects of a multi-school districting reform, involving lottery property allocation, on families’ school choice behavior in Beijing, China. Employing a competitive school district housing market model, we investigate the reform's implications on housing prices and school enrollment patterns. Using a unique dataset that combines second-hand housing transaction records and school enrollment data, we document this notable consequence: a substantial 4.57% decrease in housing prices in Haidian District post-reform, resulting in enhanced access to high-quality schools for middle-income families. However, the impact on school choice behavior exhibits structural disparities. While the reform creates opportunities for middle-income families, lower-income families may encounter challenges in accessing public primary schools, where housing prices with improved educational quality have risen by 1.21%. Conversely, affluent families opt for private schools to secure high-quality educational resources, evident in a 4.25% increase in corresponding rent. Additionally, Chinese families prefer proximity to schools to minimize commuting expenses, as reflected in a 0.56% rise in rents near public primary schools. These findings emphasize the importance of addressing both “excessive school choice competition” and the diverse educational preferences of families when implementing school assignment rule reforms in developing countries. Our research expands the literature on primary education and extends concepts for education reform in other developing countries.

A Study on the Supply of Private-Sale Apartments in Public Housing Districts and the Subject of Administrative Charges

Since the first general law on rental housing—a type of public housing—was implemented in 1985, the scope of public housing has now expanded beyond rental housing to pre-sale housing, which was mandated by the Bogeumjari Housing Act in 2009. To supply public housing on a timely and large scale, public housing districts must be established first, which is the driving force behind the possibility of land acceptance according to public needs. Focusing on the Bogeumjari Housing Act, which first introduced the concept of public housing for sale, we examine the creation and supply of housing districts as well as the construction and supply procedures of housing and compare them with the Housing Site Development Promotion Act and the Housing Act applied to private housing. After the public housing district was established by the acceptance method, in addition to the construction of public housing in the district, a path for private housing could be developed by selling some of the district’s land to the private sector within the current legal framework. However, creating land for the public interest and then selling it to the private sector can result in the same problems as those raised in the Housing Site Development Promotion Act. The Housing Site Development Promotion Act conducted land expropriation for the large-scale new city development; however, it gradually became powerless against opposition from landowners owing to the cultivation of a sense of rights. The Roost Housing Act can be viewed as a means to bypass these problems. When a large-scale housing district is created for housing construction, measures to improve wide-area transportation must be implemented, and appropriate wide-area transportation facility charges may be imposed. At this point, it may be unclear whether the levy is imposed at the formation of a housing district or at the housing construction stage. As the Bogeumjari Housing Act focuses on the creation of a district, imposing a levy during the formation of the housing district may be more justified from the perspective of a housing site development plan.

Thermal stress comfort in a contemporary housing district in a moderate climate zone, Lublin as a case study

Urban climate and its impact on the thermal comfort of residents are significant aspects in urban planning and the design of housing estates. The aim of this article is to investigate the temperature perception among residents in a contemporary residential area in Lublin during the hottest day, utilising an advanced computer simulation tool – the ENVI-met programme. A modern, densely built housing estate with no significant greenery was selected as a case study. General meteorological and spatial data were used for calibrating the housing estate model within the software. The housing estate model within the programme was calibrated using publicly available meteorological and spatial data, and computer simulations were conducted for Lublin's hottest day on 22 July 2022. Based on these simulations, the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) was calculated. The research results indicate that people experience moderate thermal stress in unshaded areas only at 4:00 pm, while in sunny locations, they experience strong to very strong heat stress throughout the day. This article underscores the importance of computer simulations in analysing the urban microclimate and provides insights into tools that can be used in urban planning and housing estate design processes, with the aim of creating more comfortable and environmentally friendly urban environments.

Paternalism, petitions and the politics of church construction in Alsace, c. 1850–1885

Abstract This article builds on recent works which challenge the dichotomy between religion and modern urban planning. The article focuses on a case-study in the Alsatian city of Mulhouse during the nineteenth century. Over a period of 30 years, Catholic parishioners and clergy repeatedly petitioned the town’s Calvinist industrial and municipal elite for a church to be built in the paternalist cités ouvrières housing district, culminating in the eventual construction of the church of Saint-Joseph by 1883. Through a close analysis of the archival records of these petitions, the discussions they sparked and the shifting local and national political dynamics of the city, this article argues that religious groups used myriad tactics to engage in modern planning and that municipal authorities were won over by these tactics if they were politically expedient.

Investigation on Wind-Induced Structural Damage and Preventive Measures of Low-Rise Buildings in Coastal Areas

Abstract Strong winds, typhoons, and other extreme weather can cause significant damage to house structures, resulting in great harm to human life and property safety. It is imperative to prepare and strengthen infrastructure against these extreme weather conditions to minimize their impact. This paper conducts an on-site survey of low-rise houses in Cangnan County and Dongtou District, located on the south coast of Zhejiang, affected by typhoons. It summarizes the structural characteristics of houses and the damage caused by typhoons to house structures. The paper also performs a preliminary analysis of the damage mechanism of houses. Additionally, it examines wind-resistant measures used by the private sector, identifies potential issues with wind-resistant design, and proposes corresponding wind-resistant countermeasures and recommendations for low-rise houses. The research presented in this paper can be utilized for analyzing the wind damage mechanisms of low-rise houses in the future. Moreover, it offers a valuable reference for the analysis and simulation of wind damage in low-rise houses in typhoon-prone coastal areas. This research holds significant value in preventing wind damage to low-rise houses.

A Study on the Correlation Between School District Housing Price and Birth Rate in Beijing and Kunming

In China, under the influence of traditional thinking, peoples enthusiasm for buying houses is constantly rising, and the real estate market has always been enthusiastically sought after in China. On this basis, with the development of the economy, it has slowly evolved into school district housing, central business district housing, new city housing and other room types. School district housing has become a hot topic of concern in the whole society. Some researchers believe that fluctuations in the freshman population affect school district housing prices, but there is still a lot of room for research on this view. Therefore, this paper analyzes the correlation between the new population and the housing prices of school districts in representative cities in China by collecting the data of Chinas new population in the past decade, as well as the highest transaction price and average annual transaction price of school districts in China. The study found no correlation between birth rates and house price levels. There is a positive correlation between the birth rate and the growth rate of house prices.

The Impact of School District Segmentation Changes on Housing Prices in Selected Districts of Beijing

In China, school enrollment district segmentation changes often raise fluctuations of housing market. Once a house is segmented into a popular school district, its price will immediately skyrocket. To curb the hidden educational inequality caused by this phenomenon, many Chinese cities, including Beijing, are attempting to cool down school district housing by adjusting existing school district segmentation. This paper aims to verify the impact of school district segmentation changes on housing prices in selected districts of Beijing. Through time-varying difference-in-difference method, this study found no significant correlation between the changes in school district segmentation and the fluctuation of housing prices in different administrative districts in Beijing. This study is significant for understanding the housing market situation in Beijing and the real-world effect of school district segmentation changes. Policy makers should take housing market prices into consideration when making school district policy decisions and make further researches to investigate the effects of new school district segmentation on neighborhood-level housing prices.

Equality in education, synchronous enrolment policy and housing prices of school districts: Based on the experience of Hangzhou

Housing is the major way for Hangzhou residents to access public primary and secondary education resources. The implementation of educational equalization policies will impact housing prices, especially school district housing prices. This paper focuses on the synchronous enrollment policy, which requires both public and private schools to enroll students simultaneously, thus changing the enrollment strategies for students and parents. Using the 2019 implementation of the synchronous enrollment policy in Hangzhou primary schools as a natural experiment, the difference-in-differences and quantile regression models were employed to estimate the capitalization of this policy and its heterogeneity. The results indicate that the policy leads to an appreciation of school district housing prices, with a stronger effect on the housing prices of elite public school districts. To achieve educational equalization, the government must formulate supporting policies to ensure internal balance in public schools and simultaneously create sufficient high-quality educational resources.

취락지구가 연립주택 가격에 미치는 영향

In this study, the effect of settlement district on the price and price increase rate of the row houses in Jeju-do was analyzed.
 In the price determinants of row houses, the larger the area of exclusive use space and the higher the living floor, the higher the price, and the lower the price over time. The total floor area of the row house complex and the number of parking spaces per household have a positive effect on the price, and the larger the remaining building-to-land ratio, the lower the price. The price of row houses in Seogwipo-si is higher than that of Jeju-si, the price of row houses in the settlement district is higher than that of non-settlement district, and there is a price difference depending on the adjacent road.
 In the price increase determinants of row houses, the area of exclusive use space did not affect the price increase, and the longer the construction is completed, the larger the total floor area, and the higher the number of parking per household, the higher the price increase rate. There was no difference between Jeju-si and Seogwipo-si in terms of price increase determinants, and row houses in the settlement district had a higher price increase rate than non-settlement district, and adjacent road did not affect the price increase rate.
 Through the results of this study, it is necessary to review the reflection of the price magnification for the settlement district when calculating individual land prices and development charges. In addition, row house consumers need to check whether it is a settlement district.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Materi Pembelajaran Media Aplikasi Instagram @baitul.arabiyah Terhadap Peningkatan Maharah Kalam Santri Pondok Pesantren Ngalah Pasuruan

Ngalah Pasuruan Islamic Boarding School is one of the many Islamic boarding house in Pasuruan district that has had a Foreign Language Development Program (PPBA) since 2015. This program is located in dormitory I or dormitories for students and there are Arabic, English and Mandarin language programs available. The teaching used grammer-translation method, where learning material is only obtained from students' teaching materials books. This is not very effective in improving language skills, especially in students' speaking skills abilities.The purposes of this study were to find out how and the effect of using learning materials on application media Instagram @baitul.arabiyah on increasing students' speech skill which includes: provision of learning material on Instagram, the ability of students to receive learning material, the ability of students to train their speaking skills with learning material on Instagram that has studied subject matter in the form of (Mufradat) and (Qawaid). The research method used by researchers in this study is a quantitative method. The type of research used was pre-experimental using the one group pre-test post-test design.While the research instruments used for data collection were observation, tests (pre-test and post-test) and documentation. From the results of the study, it was found that the use of learning materials for application media Instagram @baitul.arabiyah with an increase in speaking skills has significance. This is based on the results of hypothesis testing with value 0.000 < 0.05, then the hypothesis is that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted, it means that there is an influence on the use of learning materials on application media Instagram @baitul.arabiyah on the increase in speaking skills students of PPBA Ngalah Pasuruan Islamic Boarding House

Analysis on the Effect of “EqualRight to Rent and Purchase” Policy Implementation in China

The protection of housing and related basic public services is a fundamental issue that concerns people’s security of tenure. If there is a mismatch between the right to rent and the right to housing, it will inevitably affect the relevant interests of the rental group. This paper analyzes the impact of the implementation of the “equal rights to rent and purchase” policy on the real estate sales market and rental market in China. Taking the policy of “equal rights to rent and purchase” implemented in Guangzhou on July 17, 2017 as the cut-off point, this paper analyzes the second-hand housing market and the rental market in Guangzhou by using the method of differences-in-differences (DID) . The conclusion shows that the implementation of “equal rights to rent and purchase“ policy has no significant impact on the housing price of secondhand housing market in Guangzhou, but it can a dampening effect by reducing the growth rate of housing price of school district, and play a certain inhibitory role. At the same time, the policy has no significant impact on the housing rental market. This paper argues that the policy of “equal rights for rent and purchase” should be implemented refined in the future, in an attempt to give the same rights to public goods and services to the home buyers and renters, as a means of promoting the fair and harmonious development of society. Taking “school district housing” as an example, it can slow down the continuous growth of housing prices in areas related to school district housing, which is conducive to the healthy development of the real estate market.

Application of the Concept Payango in Suwawa Ethnic Traditional House in Bone Bolango District, Indonesia

Application of the Concept Payango in Suwawa Ethnic Traditional House in Bone Bolango District, Indonesia