Hostile Aggression Research Articles

Personality and Interpersonal Influence: Low Adjustment and Low Competitiveness is Associated With Low Assertiveness.

This study examined the relationship between personality and interpersonal assertiveness styles, an important and neglected topic. In all, 396 working adults completed a six-factor personality test measuring work-related traits (HPTI) and a two-dimensional assessment of interpersonal styles (III) assessing four styles: Assertiveness, Passiveness, Hostile aggression, and Manipulative aggression. We were particularly interested in the correlates of aggressive and passive behaviour, as opposed to assertive behaviour. The results suggested that those with low Conscientiousness and Adjustment (i.e. Neuroticism) but high Competitiveness (low Agreeableness) were more interpersonally aggressive, while passivity was negatively associated with all traits, particularly Adjustment, but not with Conscientiousness. Regressions indicated very different traits associated with each of the four interpersonal styles. Assertiveness was associated with sex and age, but only one trait, Risk Approach (or Courage). Limitations of these findings and implications of assessing and teaching assertiveness are discussed and considered.

An empirical examination of brand hate influence on negative consumer behaviors through NeWOM intensity. Does consumer personality matter?

Limited research has investigated the consequences of brand hate, particularly the pathways and contingent factors. This study addresses a critical gap by investigating the mediation of negative electronic word-of-mouth (NeWOM) intensity between brand hate and the two different forms of consumers’ coping behaviors: boycott (instrumental aggression) and brand sabotage (hostile aggression). It also demonstrates the moderating role of the Big Five personality traits in these pathways. An empirical survey with 391 participants recruited through Prolific reveals that brand hate directly affects NeWOM intensity, consumer boycott, and brand sabotage. These effects are more substantial for those who score high in neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness. On the other hand, the effects of brand hate on NeWOM intensity and boycott are more profound when agreeableness is low. In contrast, only brand hate-to-boycott relationship strengthens when openness is low. Interestingly, NeWOM intensity mediates the relationships between brand hate and the two consumer behaviors, i.e., consumer boycott and brand sabotage. These findings enrich the literature on negative consumer-brand relationships and provide managers assistance in developing effective strategies for de-escalating consumers’ use of aggressive behaviors in response to brand hate.

Consumer attitudes: drivers of unlawful disposal of solid waste products

ABSTRACT The consumer attitudes towards how they participate in the disposal of solid waste products is a crucial concern in Ghana. The attribution theory in social psychology emerged in the literature as a paradigm that seeks to explain the consumer attitudes towards solid waste products disposables that are negative and individualistic. This study estimates the motivational factors to consumer attitudes and unlawful disposal of solid waste products in Bono Region of Ghana. The results indicated the direct path dimensions of the analysed hostile aggression was CoE (−0.103), SE (0.040), CR (−2.547), p (0.011), learned helplessness was CoE (0.112), SE (0.052), CR (−2.133), p (0.033), and beliefs was CoE (0.049), SE (0.049), CR (0.988), p (0.323). Beliefs were not significant. However, hostile aggression and learned helplessness were significantly related to the unlawful disposal of solid waste products. The mediation for advertising message type was EST (0.622), SE (0.038), p (0.000) significant indirect effect towards the unlawful disposal of solid waste products and moderation interaction for existential consumer EST (0.002), SE (0.000), CR (70.939), p (0.000) was significant towards the unlawful disposal of solid waste products. The results suggest that many consumers who throw away solid waste products participate in unlawful disposal practices.

Frustration-aggression hypothesis reconsidered: The role of significance quest.

One of the oldest scientific theories of human aggression is the frustration-aggression hypothesis, advanced in 1939. Although this theory has received considerable empirical support and is alive and well today, its underlying mechanisms have not been adequately explored. In this article, we examine major findings and concepts from extant psychological research on hostile aggression and offer an integrative conception: aggression is a primordial means for establishing one's sense of significance and mattering, thus addressing a fundamental social-psychological need. Our functional portrayal of aggression as a means to significance yields four testable hypotheses: (1) frustration will elicit hostile aggression proportionately to the extent that the frustrated goal serves the individual's need for significance, (2) the impulse to aggress in response to significance loss will be enhanced in conditions that limit the individual's ability to reflect and engage in extensive information processing (that may bring up alternative, socially condoned means to significance), (3) significance-reducing frustration will elicit hostile aggression unless the impulse to aggress is substituted by a nonaggressive means of significance restoration, (4) apart from significance loss, an opportunity for significance gain can increase the impulse to aggress. These hypotheses are supported by extant data as well as novel research findings in real-world contexts. They have important implications for understanding human aggression and the conditions under which it is likely to be manifested and reduced.

Consciousness alterations in a cohort of young Swiss men: Associations with substance use and personality traits.

Substance-induced consciousness alterations (CA) have mainly been studied among users of psychedelics but not among people using street drugs. Explore occurrences of three different types of substance-induced CA [ego dissolution (ED), visual pseudo-hallucinations (VPH), anxiety/paranoia (A/P)] and their perceived influences on life, together with their associations with substance use and personality correlates in a general population sample of 25-year-old men. 2,796 young Swiss men lifetime substance users completed a self-report questionnaire including history of use (never, former, and current) of different substances categories (psychedelics, cocaine, psychostimulants, ecstasy, MDMA, and other drugs), substance-induced ego dissolution (ED), visual pseudo-hallucinations (VPH) and anxiety/paranoia (A/P), the influence of these CA experiences on life, and personality traits (sensation seeking, sociability, anxiety-neuroticism, and aggression-hostility). 32.2% reported at least one CA (i.e., ED, VPH or A/P), with 20.5% reporting ED, 16.7% VPH, and 14.6% A/P. Former and current use of psychedelics and ketamine was significantly associated with occurrences of all three types of CAs and with a positive influence of CA on life. Associations between the former and current use of other substances and the different types of CA were less consistent, and perceived influences on life were not statistically significant. Sociability was negatively associated with occurrences of all three types of CA. Positive associations were found between anxiety-neuroticism and ED and A/P, between aggression-hostility and A/P, and between sensation seeking and ED and VPH. This study supports the potential for psychedelics to induce CAs perceived as beneficial to life among people using street drugs, possibly reflecting the mechanism underlying the therapeutic potential of psychedelics.

Impulsivity and aggression in suicide ideators and suicide attempters of high and low lethality

BackgroundImpulsivity and aggression have been associated with all forms of suicidal behaviour and linked to theories of suicide capability. There is a need to clarify the role of impulsivity and aggression in the progression from suicidal thoughts to suicide attempts and suicide.MethodIn this naturalistic cross-sectional study, suicide ideators (35), low lethal suicide attempters (37), and high lethal suicide attempters (26) were compared with the Columbia-suicide severity rating scale (C-SSRS), Barratt impulsiveness scale (BIS-11), and the Buss & Perry aggression questionnaire (AQ).ResultsPhysical aggression score (p = 0.032) contributed to the difference between predicted low lethal suicide attempt and predicted high lethal suicide attempt. This model predicting physical aggression showed a fairly weak positive relationship (OR = 1.1) to high lethal attempt and explained 13% of the variance so there is a need for further replications to verify these results. Impulsive behaviour scores in females were significantly higher in the low lethal suicide attempt group compared to suicide ideators (F(2.51) = 3.47, p = 0.039, η²= 0.12). Hostility aggression in females was significantly higher in the high lethal suicide attempters compared to suicide ideators (F(2.52) = 3.53, p = 0.037, η² = 0.12). Physical aggression scores in females were significantly higher in the high lethal attempters compared to suicide ideators (F(2.52) = 6.79, p = 0.002, η²= 0.21). When these analyses were conducted without the participants who died in suicide, men in the high lethal attempt group scored significantly higher than men in the low lethal attempt group (F(2.37) = 3.8, p = 0.031, η² = 0.17), but men did not differ in aggression and impulsivity scores in other comparisons.ConclusionSuicide prevention should address physical aggression, as high levels can be associated with high lethal attempts. Assessment of suicidal patients should address impulsive behaviour with the insight that it can be more prominent in female low lethal suicide attempters. It could be that assessment and treatment of suicidal patients should be tailored differently for men and women. Aggression as a feature of suicide capability could be the link that makes suicide possible.

Comparison of the Hostile Aggression Among Junior and Senior Level Indian Judokas

Abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the level of aggression among the Junior and Senior Level Judokas. For the purpose of the study, 50 judokas were taken as subjects and data was collected through questionnaire method. Buss Perry Aggression questionnaire was used which measured aggression on the basis of four variables, out of which Hostile Aggression was considered to determine the level of aggression and no significant difference is found in the level of Physical Aggression of Junior and Senior Judokas.

Aggression: A traumatic augury in Helon Habila’s Oil on Water

Over the past four decades, the Niger Delta region of Nigeria has experienced hazardous environmental issues relating to gas flaring, soot, oil spillage and incessant disposal of industrial wastes. Critical attention has been drawn to the environmental situation the region finds itself in. The sole purpose of the paper is to examine the extent to which trauma from environmental hazards and personal experiences trigger aggressive behaviours in characters like Professor and Major in Helon Habila’s Oil on Water. The paper avers that frustration is internal and typically a stimulant for aggression caused by traumatic events like the deplorable living conditions in the creeks and being forced to live and work in a dangerous area which seems upsetting for Professor and Major to bear. Hence, hostile and instrumental aggressions become coping mechanisms for the characters in Oil on Water. Hostile aggression is a reaction to pain, frustration and feelings of endangerment. Traumatic events often leave emotional, maybe chronic features of mental life. Major’s personal life experiences affect his relationship with the indigenes of the Niger Delta region and cause several episodes of aggression which includes several attempts at incinerating some innocent villagers in the creeks. On the other hand, Instrumental aggression involves a motivating desire to attain some other goal which may include money, land, and sex. This is replicated in Oil on Water by the Federal government as it uses soldiers to forcefully claim the Yellow Island stating that the land had been bequeathed to the federal government by the late Chief Malabo who dies in detention. Also, Professor and his militant group kidnap Isabel Floode in order to obtain ransom, in the process kills some journalists and harmless indigenes of the region. This paper concludes that environmental degradation which causes aggression from Major and Professor threatens the mental state of the characters like Rufus, Zaq, Doctor Dagogo, Tamuno and Michael at the end of the novel.

Variability in the stability of personality traits across a single combat deployment

ABSTRACT This study assessed changes in measures of personality traits across a 12-month combat deployment in a sample of conventional US Army soldiers. Results revealed Impulsive Sensation-Seeking (ImpSS) and Sociability (Sy) decreased significantly, whereas Neuroticism–Anxiety (N-Anx) increased. Changes in ImpSS scores were mainly attributed to age, but were inversely related to increases in traumatic stress symptoms. Combat exposure, concussion, age, education, and changes in traumatic stress scores all independently contributed to changes in N-Anx scores. Changes in Sy were not associated with any of the data available from pre-deployment or deployment measures. Changes in Aggression–hostility (Agg-Hos) and Activity (Act) across the deployment were not significant. The findings suggest significant variability in the stability of personality traits when exposed to combat stress and injury while deployed, which may be influenced by factors such as age and education.

Physical Aggression and Coronary Artery Calcification: A North Texas Healthy Heart Study.

The purpose of this study was to determine the association between aspects of hostility and coronary artery calcification (CAC) scores. Specifically, analyses differentiated between subtypes of hostility and their relation to CAC. A sample of 571 patients aged 45 or older with no history of cardiovascular disease completed assessments of demographic, psychosocial, and medical history, along with a radiological CAC determination. Logistic regression was used to determine the association between hostility and CAC. Hostility was measured using the Aggression Questionnaire, which measured total aggression and how aggression is manifested on four scales: Physical, Verbal, Anger, and Hostility Aggression. Regression analyses indicated that only the physical aggression parameter was related to CAC: a 5% increase in odds of CAC presence was indicated for every point increase in physical aggression. The association remained significant in adjusted analyses. Other factors associated with CAC in adjusted analyses included: age, gender, race/ethnicity, BMI, and dyslipidemia. Psychosocial factors, such as physical aggression, are emerging factors that need to be considered in cardiovascular risk stratification.

Observing flaming or trolling online: Prevalence in russian youth and adolescents and relationship to tolerance and aggression

IntroductionCyberaggression including the most wide-spread variants of flaming (O’Sullivan, Flanagin, 2003; Voggeser et al., 2017) and trolling (Buckels et al., 2018) is affecting mental health of adolescents and youth although it could be (Kowalski, 2014; Wright, Wachs, 2020).ObjectivesThe aim was to study prevalence of flaming and trolling experience in Russian youth and adolescents and its relationship to general aggression and tolerance.Methods 525 adolescents 12-13 years old, 1029 adolescents 14-17 years old, 736 youth 18-30 years from 8 Federal regions in Russia appraised their experience of flaming or trolling online (as initiators, victims and observers) using vignettes. 1105 parents of adolescents appraised whether their children experienced flaming or trolling online. Then they filled Aggression Questionnaire (Buss, Perry, 1992) and Tolerance Index (Psychodiagnostics…, 2008).ResultsMore than one-half of adolescents (51-58% in 12-13 years old and 64% in 14-17 years old) and youth (45-69%) reported experience of flaming and trolling online, mostly as observers (32-65%). Parents accurately appraised flaming experience in their children but underestimated trolling experience (p<.05). Adolescents and youth observing flaming online report higher hostility, anger and physical aggression (F=17.8-28.3, p<.01, η²=.02) while lower social tolerance (F=4.27, p<.05, η²=.01). In adolescents observing trolling online these effects are stronger than in youth observing trolling online (interaction: F=5.68, p<.05, η²=.01).ConclusionsObserving trolling and flaming online is related to higher aggression and low tolerance in adolescents and youth and for adolescents the relationship is stronger. The reported study was funded by RFBR, project 20-013-00857.Conflict of interestThe reported study was funded by RFBR, project 20-013-00857.

Are Changes in Personality Traits and Alcohol Use Associated? A Cohort Study Among Young Swiss Men.

Objective: It is well known that certain personality traits are associated with alcohol use. Because less is known about it, we wished to investigate whether changes in alcohol use were longitudinally associated with changes in personality and in which direction the influence or causation might flow.Methods: Data came from the self-reported questionnaire answers of 5,125 young men at two time points during the Cohort study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF). Their average ages were 20.0 and 25.4 years old at the first and second wave assessments, respectively. Four personality traits were measured: (a) aggression–hostility; (b) sociability; (c) neuroticism–anxiety; and (d) sensation seeking. Alcohol use was measured by volume (drinks per week) and binge drinking (about 60+ grams per occasion). Cross-lagged panel models and two-wave latent change score models were used.Results: Aggression–hostility, sensation seeking, and sociability were significantly and positively cross-sectionally associated with both alcohol use variables. Drinking volume and these three personality traits bidirectionally predicted each other. Binge drinking was bidirectionally associated with sensation-seeking only, whereas aggression–hostility and sociability only predicted binge drinking, but not vice versa. Changes in alcohol use were significantly positively associated with changes in aggression–hostility, sensation seeking, and sociability. Associations reached small Cohen's effect sizes for sociability and sensation seeking, but not for aggression–hostility. Associations with neuroticism–anxiety were mostly not significant.Conclusion: The direction of effects confirmed findings from other studies, and the association between changes in personality and alcohol use support the idea that prevention programs should simultaneously target both.

Study of the psychometric properties and population norms of the C-SHARP in a representative French population

Purpose To fill this gap, this paper aims to translate the children’s scale of hostility and aggression: reactive/proactive (C-SHARP) into French and then tested its psychometric properties and established the first French standards. Design/methodology/approach This paper assess the aggressive behavior of 305 children and adolescents with intellectual disability (ID). This paper tested the scale’s factor structure (confirmatory factor analysis), internal consistency and inter-rater reliability. Findings The results support a factor structure similar to the US version. Factor analysis yielded a five-factor solution, namely, verbal aggression (12 items), bullying (12 items), covert aggression (11 items), hostility (9 items) and physical aggression (8 items). The French-speaking version of the C-SHARP shows good reliability (internal consistency) and good inter-rater reliability. The French version demonstrated encouraging evidence of validity. This paper also established French norms that were similar to US norms. This paper concludes that the French-speaking version of the C-SHARP must benefit from additional psychometric analyzes to confirm its adaptation for research and the clinic. Originality/value There is no tool currently available in France for the evaluation of aggressive behavior in children and adolescents with ID. The C-SHARP (Farmer and Aman, 2009) is the only questionnaire that specifically assesses aggression in children and adolescents with ID, its form, frequency and its proactive or reactive qualities. The French version of the C-SHARP could be a useful diagnostic tool to assess aggressive behavior in children and adolescents with ID and to identify and set up appropriate support strategies.

A comparison of the relationship between individual values and aggressive driving in five countries

Values are supposed to transcend specific situations and contexts. A country-independent relationship is expected between individual values and aggressive driving. The purpose of this novel study was to investigate the relationship between individual values and aggressive driving. The data were collected from five countries, namely, Estonia, Greece, Kosovo, Russia, and Turkey. The number of participants was 124 in Estonian, 272 in Greek, 107 in Kosovar, 132 in Russian, and 87 in Turkish samples. Participants filled out a demographic information form, Driver Anger Indicators Scale, and Short-Schwartz’s Value Survey. Results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that values are related to aggressive driving (i.e., aggressive warnings, hostile aggression and revenge) of self and not to perceived aggressive behaviours of others. Value types were not related to aggressive driving, whereas higher-order values were. Conservation was negatively associated with aggressive warnings of self in the Greek sample, and self-transcendence was negatively associated with hostile aggression and revenge of self in Turkish as well as Greek samples. Social focus was negatively and personal focus was positively associated with both types of aggressive driving in the Greek sample. Social focus was also negatively associated with hostile aggression and revenge in the Russian sample. Growth anxiety-free was negatively associated with hostile aggression and revenge of self in Russian and Turkish samples. The relationships between values and aggressive driving (of self) were not country-independent for the five countries, even though the lack of significant relationships between values and aggressive driving (of others) were country-independent.

The Relationship Between Anger and Aggression among Drug-Dependent Males

Anger and anger regulation problems that result in aggressive behavior pose a serious problem for society. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between anger and aggression among drug-dependent males. Besides, this study also aims to investigate the differences between anger and aggression based on marital status and ethnicity. A total of 184 drug-dependent males from a drug rehabilitation center were involved in this study. The drug-dependent males were randomly selected to answer the questionnaire. The Novaco Anger Scale (NAS) was used to measure anger and anger regulation, while the Aggression Questionnaire (AQ) was used to measure aggression. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation, t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The results revealed that there was a positive relationship between anger and aggression. There was also a negative relationship between anger regulation and aggression. Next, a negative relationship existed between anger regulation and anger aggression subscale, physical aggression subscale and hostility aggression subscale. In addition, there were significant differences in anger aggression and physical aggression subscales between married and unmarried drug-dependents. Nevertheless, there were no differences in anger, anger regulation, aggression, and the four subscales of aggression- anger aggression, physical aggression, hostility aggression and verbal aggression among ethnic groups. The implication of this study will be discussed further.

Cross-cultural differences in driver aggression, aberrant, and positive driver behaviors

The present study investigated differences in driver aggression for self and others within countries and cultural differences between driver aggression, aberrant, and positive driver behaviors across five countries (Estonia, Greece, Kosovo, Russia, and Turkey). It was predicted that drivers from these five countries differ significantly in terms of driver aggression for self and others, aberrant, and positive driver behaviors. In the study, 743 participants completed the questionnaire package, including the Driver Aggression Indicators Scale (DAIS), the short version of the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ) with items from the Positive Driver Behavior Scale, and the Demographic Information Form. Paired samples T-tests were conducted to examine the differences in driving aggression between self and others in the five countries. The results indicated that, except for Russian drivers, drivers reported that other drivers had higher driver aggression than themselves. To examine the cross-cultural differences, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests were conducted for the two dimensions of the DAIS (hostile aggression and revenge, and aggressive warnings) and the three dimensions of the DBQ with items from the Positive Driver Behavior Scale (errors, violations, and positive driver behaviors). Cross-country item-based comparisons were then made for the DAIS and the DBQ. The ANCOVA results showed significant differences in both item-based and subscale comparisons. Russian drivers were significantly different from other drivers in terms of hostile aggression and the revenge subscales of the DAIS and positive driver behaviors. Turkish drivers were significantly different from other drivers in several items of the DBQ, including errors and violations. The findings suggest that culture-specific strategies might be conducted for traffic-related anger management. Furthermore, differences in errors and violations among the five countries may be due to cultural differences. Positive driver behaviors might be better promoted in countries by drawing on their distinct cultural road safety strategies.

Aggressiviness in boys and girls: evaluations made by mothers

Aggressiveness can be defined as any form of behavior intended to hurt a living being. It can be characterized as direct aggression, more common in boys’ behavior, and hostile aggression, more often practiced by girls. Objective: to describe and compare the frequency of direct aggressive behavior in children, considering: gender, age, family economic class and parenting styles. Method: 47 mothers of boys and girls were investigated, who responded to the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6–18, the Parenting Style Inventory and to the Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria. Results: no differences were found in the manifestation of aggressiveness in the studied variables and a weak negative correlation was found between parenting style and aggressiveness. Conclusions: to understand the development and maintenance of aggressive behaviors in childhood, interactions between environmental, biological, social, cultural, family and historical factors should be considered. The role of father figure, not assessed in this study, during development, is discussed.

Soccer spectators’ moral functioning and aggressive tendencies in life and when watching soccer matches

ABSTRACT We examined the relationship among watching soccer matches, moral functioning and aggression levels in 332 college students. Hypothesis-driven regression analyses revealed that the frequency of watching soccer matches was positively associated with low levels of moral behavior and high aggression levels. A mediation analysis also showed that moral behavior mediated the relationship between the frequency of watching soccer matches and aggression levels. Males manifested lower levels of moral functioning and higher hostility, physical and verbal aggression than females when watching a soccer match. Moreover, only males reported more verbal aggression and anger when watching soccer matches as compared to their general aggression levels.

PECULIARITIES OF THE MICROFIELD “HOSTILE TROOPS” IN THE STRUCTURE OF THE ASSOCIATIVE-SEMANTIC FIELD “ENEMY” (based on the discourse of the Russian-Ukrainian information war)

Introduction. The era of the information wars requires in-depth study of its discourse. A wide range of recipient’s emotions that can be evoked by certain lexemes makes language an essential tool in the fight for people’s consciousness while conducting information campaigns that accompany armed conflicts.Purpose. The paper aims at analyzing the structure of the associative-semantic field “hostile troops” in the discourse of the Russian-Ukrainian information war.Methods. The research is grounded on the following applied methods: the method of associative linguistic observation (emotional-expressive and figurative-sensual components of the semantics of the studied lexemes are revealed by means of it), associative-semantic modelling(associative-semantic fields, microfields and groups are systematized and classified).Results. As a result of the analysis, the structure of the associative-semantic microfield of the “hostile troops” has been modelled, within which eight groups (ASG) have been allocated. The main groups are: 1) terminolexemes with a component indicating Russia’s involvement in the Donbas conflict (Russian troops, armed forces of the Russian Federation); 2) names with “Putin”, “putinskyi” components that are synonymous with the concept of “Russia” (Putin’s terrorists); 3) metonymic names that associatively indicate the presence of troops of another state(foreigners, invaders); 4) terms without reference to the Russian trace, which are characteristicof the initial stage of the conflict, when the fact of Russian aggression has not yet been recognized by Ukrainian legislation (militants, separatists), etc.Conclusion. Thus, the terminology used by the Ukrainian society is an important means for understanding the information referring to the war discourse, as it specifies and transforms in the language not only the armed aggression, but also the sense of hostile aggression. The studyof terminolexemes is topical because it enables to form the linguistic identifiers of the war period and follow the psycholinguistic reactions of the society to the front line news.

Alcoholics Fanonymous: The relationships between reasons for drinking, aggression, and team identification in sports fans

Prior research has illustrated that sport spectators, particularly those with higher team identification, display a willingness to engage in both hostile and instrumental aggressive acts towards opposing teams and officials. With alcohol consumption prominent at major sporting events across the United States, the relationship between drinking motivation and aggressive acts deserves greater scrutiny. Individuals may consume alcohol for a variety of reasons, such as for positive, social reasons or negative motives that seek to escape aversive features of the environment or one’s personal issues. The present experiment explored the relationships between sport fans’ reported motivation for alcohol consumption, various types of aggression, and team identification. Specifically, we examined positive (social) and negative (escape) reasons for drinking. We predicted that there would be positive relationships between (1) team identification and both negative and positive reasons for drinking, (2) team identification and both hostile and instrumental aggression, and (3) negative reasons for drinking and both hostile and instrumental aggression. In addition, we expected that positive reasons for drinking would be negatively associated with hostile and instrumental aggression. The results from our study provided partial support of our predictions. More highly identified fans reported a higher proclivity to perform hostile and instrumental acts compared to lower identified fans. Negative reasons for drinking were positively related to both types of aggression. Our experiment effectively replicates past research on aggression in sports fans. Future directions and implications of the current study are also discussed.