Host-parasitoid Population Dynamics Research Articles

Persistence and Area Effects in a Stochastic Tritrophic Model

Previous articleNext article No AccessPersistence and Area Effects in a Stochastic Tritrophic ModelH. B. Wilson, M. P. Hassell, and R. D. HoltH. B. WilsonDepartment of Biology and NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United Kingdom Search for more articles by this author , M. P. HassellDepartment of Biology and NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United Kingdom Search for more articles by this author , and R. D. HoltMuseum of Natural History, Department of Systematics and Ecology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045 Search for more articles by this author Department of Biology and NERC Centre for Population Biology, Imperial College, Silwood Park, Ascot, Berkshire SL5 7PY, United KingdomMuseum of Natural History, Department of Systematics and Ecology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045PDFPDF PLUS Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The American Naturalist Volume 151, Number 6June 1998 Published for The American Society of Naturalists Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/286144 Views: 20Total views on this site Citations: 15Citations are reported from Crossref HistoryReceived June 13, 1997Accepted December 16, 1997 Keywordsdemographic stochasticitytritrophic communitiesarea effectsmetapopulations© 1998 by The University of Chicago.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article: Theoretical Advances in Species–Area Relationship Research, (Mar 2021): 155–318.https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108569422.011Robert D. Holt, Dominique Gravel, Adrian Stier, James Rosindell On the Interface of Food Webs and Spatial Ecology: The Trophic Dimension of Species–Area Relationships, (Mar 2021): 289–318.https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108569422.017Danyhelton D. F. Dantas, Adriano Caliman, Rafael D. Guariento, Ronaldo Angelini, Luciana S. Carneiro, Sergio M. Q. Lima, Pablo A. Martinez, José L. Attayde Climate effects on fish body size–trophic position relationship depend on ecosystem type, Ecography 42, no.99 (Jun 2019): 1579–1586.https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.04307Coline C. Jaworski, Christophe Thébaud, Jérôme Chave, Caroline Brophy Dynamics and persistence in a metacommunity centred on the plant Antirrhinum majus : theoretical predictions and an empirical test, Journal of Ecology 104, no.22 (Jan 2016): 456–468.https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2745.12515Kevin L. S. Drury, Jesse D. Suter, Jacob B. Rendall, Andrew M. Kramer, John M. Drake Immigration can destabilize tri-trophic interactions: implications for conservation of top predators, Theoretical Ecology 8, no.33 (Jan 2015): 285–296.https://doi.org/10.1007/s12080-014-0249-1Robin M. LeCraw, Pavel Kratina, Diane S. Srivastava Food web complexity and stability across habitat connectivity gradients, Oecologia 176, no.44 (Sep 2014): 903–915.https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-014-3083-7Robin M. LeCraw, Diane S. Srivastava, Gustavo Q. Romero Metacommunity size influences aquatic community composition in a natural mesocosm landscape, Oikos 123, no.88 (Apr 2014): 903–911.https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.01253Gaku Takimoto, David M. Post Environmental determinants of food-chain length: a meta-analysis, Ecological Research 28, no.55 (Apr 2012): 675–681.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-012-0943-7Gaku Takimoto, David M. Post, David A. Spiller, Robert D. Holt Effects of productivity, disturbance, and ecosystem size on food-chain length: insights from a metacommunity model of intraguild predation, Ecological Research 27, no.33 (Feb 2012): 481–493.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11284-012-0929-5Daniela O. Maionchi, S.F. dos Reis, M.A.M. de Aguiar Chaos and pattern formation in a spatial tritrophic food chain, Ecological Modelling 191, no.22 (Jan 2006): 291–303.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.04.028 Manojit Roy , Robert D. Holt , and Michael Barfield Temporal Autocorrelation Can Enhance the Persistence and Abundance of Metapopulations Comprised of Coupled Sinks. M. Roy et al., The American Naturalist 166, no.22 (Jul 2015): 246–261.https://doi.org/10.1086/431286R. D. Holt, D. M. Debinski Reflections on Landscape Experiments and Ecological Theory: Tools for the Study of Habitat Fragmentation, (Jan 2003): 201–223.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-05238-9_12Robert D. Holt Food webs in space: On the interplay of dynamic instability and spatial processes, Ecological Research 17, no.22 (May 2002): 261–273.https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1703.2002.00485.xM. P. Hassell Host-parasitoid population dynamics*, Journal of Animal Ecology 69, no.44 (Jul 2000): 543–566.https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2656.2000.00445.xRobert D. Holt, John H. Lawton, Gary A. Polis, Neo D. Martinez TROPHIC RANK AND THE SPECIES–AREA RELATIONSHIP, Ecology 80, no.55 (Jul 1999): 1495–1504.https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080[1495:TRATSA]2.0.CO;2

Dynamical consequences of optimal host feeding on host-parasitoid population dynamics

This study examines the influence of various host-feeding patterns on host-parasitoid population dynamics. The following types of host-feeding patterns are considered: concurrent and non-destructive, non-concurrent and non-destructive, and non-concurrent and destructive. The host-parasitoid population dynamics is described by the Lotka-Volterra continuous-time model. This study shows that when parasitoids behave optimally, i.e. they maximize their fitness measured by the instantaneous per capita growth rate, the non-destructive type of host feeding stabilizes host-parasitoid dynamics. Other types of host feeding, i.e. destructive, concurrent, or non-concurrent, do not qualitatively change the neutral stability of the Lotka-Volterra model. Moreover, it is shown that the pattern of host feeding which maximizes parasitoid fitness is either non-concurrent and destructive, or concurrent and non-destructive host feeding, depending on the host abundance and parameters of the model. The effects of the adaptive choice of host-feeding patterns on host-parasitoid population dynamics are discussed.

Dynamical consequences of optimal host feeding on host-parasitoid population dynamics

Dynamical consequences of optimal host feeding on host-parasitoid population dynamics

Factors affecting host selection in an insect host–parasitoid interaction

1. Many parasitoids can develop successfully in different stages of the same host but the costs of parasitism may vary between the stages. The stage of host attacked has generally been determined when there is no choice, giving a misleading impression of host selection or preference.2. The rate of parasitism by a solitary endoparasitoid, Venturia canescens, of each larval stage of the Indian meal moth, Plodia interpunctella, was examined with and without a host refuge from parasitism. In addition, when given a choice of host stages, with and without a refuge, the influence of parasitoid age on host selection was examined.3. Wasps were able to parasitize all except the first instar, but second instars experienced significantly reduced parasitism, in both refuge treatments, compared with third to fifth instars. Whilst parasitoid emergence was always significantly less when all host stages had a refuge, the reduction was only marginally significant when second instars were attacked.4. When given a choice of second‐ and fifth‐instar larvae, wasps consistently parasitized more fifth instars, both with and without a refuge. Moreover, significantly fewer second‐instar larvae were parasitized in the presence of fifth instars than when presented alone to the wasps. This pattern of parasitism was unaffected by the increasing age of the parasitoids.5. Host selection by V. canescens is discussed in terms of host–parasitoid population dynamics and structure.

The Effect of Egg Limitation on Stability in Insect Host-Parasitoid Population Models

1. We investigate the potential effects of parasitoid egg limitation on host-parasitoid population dynamics. We define a parasitoid as egg-limited if a shortage of eggs means that at some time she cannot utilize an opportunity to oviposit. 2. We develop models which consider the differing physiologies of pro-ovigenic and synovigenic parasitoids to investigate the potential consequences of egg limitation. Pro-ovigenic parasitoids emerge with their full complement of mature eggs. Synovigenic parasitoids also emerge with some eggs, but can mature more later in life. 3. The models indicate that egg limitation in pro-ovigenic parasitoids has no effect on stability. This result is independent of the egg load distribution in newly emerged parasitoids, and of the maximum number of eggs with which a female emerges. In synovigenic models, however, egg limitation is found to be destabilizing, though the reduction in stability is decreased by (i) an increase in egg load at emergence, and (ii) a decrease in the 'latent' time required for egg maturation and gut emptying following a host meal. The latent period, during which time the full gut precludes feeding on hosts, differs from a conventional handling time in that host attacks (via oviposition) are still possible if the female has mature eggs. The maximum ovary storage capacity of females in a synovigenic parasitoid population has no effect on stability.

Relative movement patterns of a tephritid fly and its parasitoid wasps.

The extent of within-patch dispersal by a tephritid fly and its four major parasitoids was examined over three field seasons. Hosts and parasitoids were marked using acrylic paint and observed as they oviposited into the flowerheads of marsh thistle, Cirsium palustre. The average recapture rate pooled across all species was 22%. The four parasitoids showed consistently greater rates of movement than the host in all three years. In nearly all comparisons, male dispersal was less than female dispersal. There was no evidence that parasitoids moved longer distances after visiting low quality rather than high quality patches. In the one season it was studied, no correlations between movement and insect size were observed. The relevance of these observations to host-parasitoid population dynamics is discussed.

Differential cannibalism and population dynamics in a host-parasitoid system.

The effects of host cannibalism on a host-parasitoid system were explored through experiment and modelling. In individual encounters between parasitized and unparasitized Plodia interpunctella larvae, parasitized larvae were more likely to be cannibalized. Inclusion of this differential cannibalism into a simple Lotka-Volterra-type model of host-parasitoid population dynamics generates alternative stable states-including stable coexistence and extinction of the parasitoid - which depend on starting conditions. Possible mechanisms for differential cannibalism, and its implications for studies of host-parasitoid populations and biological control programmes are discussed.

Spatial Heterogeneity and Host-Parasitoid Population Dynamics: Do We Need to Study Behavior?

Spatial Heterogeneity and Host-Parasitoid Population Dynamics: Do We Need to Study Behavior?