Hope Scores Research Articles

Job Burnout and Its Relevant Factors among Medical Interns

Objective: to understand the present situation of job burnout among medical interns and to explore its major influencing factors. Methods: A stratified random sampling was used to select 1268 medical interns from 6 full-time medical colleges in Guangdong province. They were investigated with Maslach Burnout Inventor-General Survey, (MBI–GS), Questionnaire on Humanistic Care Ability of Medical Students (QHCAMS) and a self-compiled personal information questionnaire. Results: (1) The incidence of job burnout in this group was 98.40%. The total score of MBI–GS and the scores of emotional exhaustion, cynicism and reduced personal accomplishment were (45.27 ±12.61), (16.21 ±4.91), (12.91 ±3.93) and (18.15 ±5.22), respectively. (2) The result of multiple stepwise linear regression showed that gender, specialty, type of internship hospital, working department and average length of overtime per day were positively correlated with the total score of MBI-GS (β =.154~.676, all P < 0.01). Nine factors, such as self-evaluation of health status, ability to solve problems at work, relationship with patients, classmates and medical staff, as well as the scores of hope, honesty, humility and courage in HQCAMS, were negatively correlated with the total score of MBI-GS (β =-.148~-.468, all P < 0.01). Conclusion: Medical interns are suffering serious job burnouts, which may be related to work pressure, personal quality and other factors.

The impact of Menstrual Hygiene Management and gender on psychosocial outcomes for adolescent girls in Kenya

ABSTRACT This research measures the psychosocial impact of a Menstrual Hygiene Management (MHM) program in Kenya by assessing change in self-efficacy, authenticity, and hope in adolescent girls. Trained researchers administered baseline and end-line assessments, 16 weeks apart, to 311 participants in the Always Keeping Girls in School Program. The schools were assigned to one of three program versions: only period products, only menstrual health education, or both menstrual health education and period products; in all-girls or coed classes. When girls received MHM education and pads in coed classes, there was no change in their self-efficacy or hope scores, but in all-girls classes, self-efficacy and hope scores significantly increased. Authenticity in girls decreased in coed classes unless period products were distributed, and then girl’s authenticity scores increased. The role of gender in assessing change in self-efficacy, authenticity and hope has provided a useful frame for evaluating MHM programming.

The association between hope and quality of life in haemodialysis patients.

Hope is important for patients with end-stage renal disease receiving haemodialysis (HD) and hope is associated with quality of life (QoL). Studies examining hope among the HD population are limited and, as far as the authors know, have not been undertaken in Jordan. To examine levels of hope and QoL and to examine the association between hope and QoL in HD patients in Jordan. A cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 202 patients from six different dialysis centres was recruited. The World Health Organization QOL-BREF and the Herth Hope Index were used. Moderate levels of hope (M=32.3±4.1) were reported. Respondents reported low mean scores for the physical domain of QoL (M=48.3±21.1) but not for the psychological and social relationship domains. Higher hope scores were associated with better QoL. The findings suggest a positive relationship between the level of hope and QoL in people receiving HD. Encouraging hope while caring for HD patients in clinical settings may improve their QoL. Understanding the relationship between hope and QoL may help healthcare providers to improve the quality of care for patients and their families.

The Role of Hope to Alleviate Anxiety in COVID-19 Outbreak among Community Dwellers: An Online Cross-sectional Survey

The worldwide emergence of COVID-19 has been associated with diverse consequences, including anxiety. Hope is believed to act as a motivation to enable one to cope with the anxiety. This study was conducted to identify the role of hope in alleviating anxiety due to the COVID-19 outbreak during the primary phase among community dwellers in Iran. This cross-sectional study recruited 3,565 subjects with the convenience sampling method. Data collection tools used included the COVID-19 knowledge checklist, Generalised Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) questionnaires and Snyder Hope Scale. Participants were asked to fill in the questionnaires online. The data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics (multivariate linear regression analysis). Participants' mean scores of anxiety and hope were 6.06±4.52 and 31.27±4.52, respectively. The results indicated that 27.1% of the changes in the anxiety scores were predictable with some of the variables examined in this study. A high score of hope was directly associated with a lower level of anxiety. In addition, the number of hours spent following news and information on COVID-19 was significantly related to anxiety level. Moreover, female gender, urban residence, and having relatives suffering from COVID-19 were significantly related to a higher level of anxiety (P<0.05). The morbidity and mortality associated with the COVID-19 outbreak had brought a lot of anxiety among community dwellers. Hope, potentially, can contribute to overcoming anxiety. Therefore, health policymakers can introduce appropriate social interventions to enable the community to cope with stress and anxiety.

Investigation of the Status of Nurses Returning to Work After Recovering From COVID-19 and Influencing Factors.

More than 3000 medical personnel in China had been infected with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). We report on 75 previously infected nurses who returned to work. The aim was to understand the adaptation status of nurses after recovering from COVID-19 and returning to work. Data were collected online via the Work Adaptation Scale and the Psychological Capital Scale, and the related influencing factors were analyzed. The social integration and task mastery scores were highest, and the clear roles and cultural adaptation scores were low. The self-efficacy and hope scores were highest, but the resilience and optimism scores were not high. Psychological capital was positively correlated with work adaptation (P < .01). To ensure the quality and safety of nursing care, nurse managers should adopt effective intervention measures to address the physical and mental health of returning nurses and improve their levels of psychological capital and adaptability.

Deepithelialized glans reconfiguration (DeGRe) for distal hypospadias repair

Our objective was to present our experience with a novel technique for distal hypospadias repair consisting of deepithelialized glans reconfiguration. We reviewed the clinical data of all patients who underwent distal hypospadias using Deepithelialized Glans Reconfiguration between January 2015 and December 2019. We noted age at surgery, position of meatus, duration of urethral catheterization and hospitalization, as well as early and late complications. Standard postoperative care included follow-up examination at 1, 6 and 12 months. Successful repair was defined as a patient presenting with a straight penis with an apical meatus, no stricture nor fistula. Sixty-seven patients were included. Average age at surgery was 12.5 months (6-23 months). All patients presented distal hypospadias (3 glanular, 61 coronal, 3 subcoronal). 36% of patients were operated as day case surgery. No intra-operative complications were recorded. Eleven patients did not complete the designated follow up. They attended the post-operative appointment at six months but not the one-year visit. All patients presented satisfactory urinary streams according to the parents. All parents were satisfied with the cosmetic appearance of their child's penis. Two patients presented with glans dehiscence (3%). The mean HOPE score for the last 10 patients was 47.4±3.2 out of a maximum of 50. Deepithelialized Glans Reconfiguration is a simple technique with satisfactory results. Though it has similarities with existing techniques, it contains specific aspects not described previously. Contrary to the MAGPI technique, there is no meatal advancement, no rotation of the glans wings, and it is the glans lateral and proximal to the meatus which is approximated in the midline. As opposed to the GAP procedure, there is no closure of the ventral aspect of the urethra. We rely on secondary healing within the glans to reconstruct the missing ventral aspect of the urethra. We reserve this technique for coronal hypospadias with a wide, deep glanular groove. Deepithelialization favours rapid healing of the glans wings on the midline. There is no formal urethroplasty. The limits to this study include lack of long-term (>1 year) follow-up and uroflow. Though careful observation did not identify fistulas, the absence of functional stenosis has to be more clearly evaluated at a later age. Finally, this technique is not suitable for the completely flat glans as it relies on being able to approximate the glans ridges in the midline. Deepithelialized Glans Reconfiguration is a simple technique which achieves good cosmetic results, without complications associated with meatal or urethral advancement or formal urethroplasty.

Relationship between clinical work intensity, hopefulness and well-being among medical oncologists.

46 Background: Oncology providers’ well-being particularly concerns administrators, as projections suggest a shortfall in number of providers available to care for an increasing cancer survivor population. This pilot study solicited medical oncologists’ ratings on Clinical Work Intensity (CWI), well-being, and hope constructs: agency (goal-directed determination) and pathways (planning ways to meet goals), to understand relationships between clinical work intensity, hopefulness and well-being. Methods: Eleven providers (8 = MD and 3 = NP) practicing in three distinct community-based oncology sites completed the CWI measure, NASA-TLX, immediately following an office visit, for 20 separate visits. Each provider also completed one well-being index and one Adult Hope Scale that included agency and pathways subscales after the 20 visits. Lower well-being scores indicated higher well-being; higher hope scores indicated greater hopefulness. Results: Clinical work intensity positively correlates with well-being (Spearman rho = 0.16; p = 0.02). Clinical work intensity was inversely related to the total hopefulness score (Spearman rho = -0.25; p &lt; 0.001) and Hope construct subcomponents of perceived pathway to goal achievement (Spearman rho = -0.24; p &lt; 0.001), and determination to meet goals (agency) (Spearman rho = -0.15; p &lt; 0.001). Favorable provider well-being was also related to agency (Spearman rho = -0.71; p &lt; 0.0001). Conclusions: Higher provider-rated work intensity in sampled clinical encounters correlates, albeit weakly, with less favorable well-being scores. Higher CWI also correlates with lower hope scale scores. Thus, providers’ perceptions of their mental workload in clinical care are potentially related to their sense of well-being and hopefulness. Results also suggest provider determination to meet goals (agency) is also reflected in sense of well-being. These findings support further investigation using larger, more diverse samples to affirm observed relationships. Future research may also elucidate intervention targets through which to abate provider distress portending burnout. Insights gleaned from future work may inform improvements to the work life of oncology care providers.

Effect of Spiritual Care on Hope and Self-Transcendence of Mothers of Premature Neonates Hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

Background: Premature birth and hospitalization in Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) is a critical issue for parents, especially mothers. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of spiritual care on hope and self-transcendence in mothers with premature newborns hospitalized in the NICUs.Methods: This quasi-experimental, single-group study was conducted using time series analysis. The sample consisted of 30 mothers with premature neonates hospitalized in Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Maraqeh, Iran. The participants were selected through a convenience sampling method following the inclusion criteria. The data were collected using the demographic characteristic forms of mothers and the clinical status of infants, as well as the hope and self-transcendence scales of the mothers with premature neonates admitted to the NICU. The data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 19) through descriptive statistics (i.e., frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation) and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).Results: The findings show a significant difference among the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up stages in terms of the mean scores of hope and self-transcendence using repeated measure ANOVA (P<0.001). Moreover, in examining the effect of spiritual care on hope and self-transcendence in mothers, the results of repeated measures ANOVA showed that there was a difference among the pre-test, post-test and follow-up stages in terms of the mean scores of mothersג�� hope, (P<0.001, F=53.133, and Eta-squared=0.639). Moreover, a significant difference was observed among the pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases regarding the mean scores of self-transcendence (P<0.001, F=131.239, and Eta-squared=0.814).Conclusion: Since spirituality can lead to an increase in hope and self-transcendence of mothers with premature infants hospitalized in the NICUs, this approach can be used as an appropriate intervention method to help improve their adaptation and peace of mind. Therefore, barriers to providing these types of care and managing them must be identified so that nurses in the NICUs can use them.

Effectiveness of Happiness Training on the Pattern of Parent-Child Relationships and the Hope of Parents With Autistic Children

Objectives: Families of children with special needs face many problems. This study aimed to investigate happiness training on the pattern of parent-child relationships and the hope of parents with autistic children. Methods: Twenty-six couples with autistic children who referred to Rafsanjan Autism Clinic, Rafsanjan City, Iran, were enrolled in the study by the census method. Informed consent was obtained from them. Then the parents completed the Schaefer and Edgerton Parent-Child Interaction Questionnaire (1985) and Miller Hope Scale (1988). Next, parents were randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. Happiness training based on the Fordyce method was performed for eight 1.5-hour sessions per week for the intervention group. The parents of either group completed the questionnaires after training of the intervention group (about 2 months and 3 months later). The Chi-square test, independent t-test, and 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA were used for statistical analysis. The level of significance was set at 0.05. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the changes in the scores of communication (P=0.013), acceptance (P=0.008), control (P=0.005), independence (P=0.040), aggressive non-attachment (P=0.015), and hope (P=0.010) were significant between the two groups at stages of measurement. The scores of all variables increased but the aggressive non-attachment decreased. Discussion: The education of happiness in Fordyce style influenced the interactive pattern of communication and hope of parents with autistic children. Therefore, training of happiness along with other services available to parents of autistic children can also be considered.

Effects of Mindfulness on Stimulating Hope and Recovery among People with Schizophrenia

Background: Hope has an essential role in the recovery journey for people with schizophrenia. Current studies showed that people with schizophrenia reported having low hope. There is growing evidence that mindfulness has favorable effects on mental health in populations with chronic illness, including people with schizophrenia. However, the studies evaluating effects of mindfulness on hope and recovery for people with schizophrenia are limited.Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effects of mindfulness on hope and recovery among people with schizophrenia.Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 54 patients with schizophrenia based on purposive sampling in a psychiatric hospital in Indonesia. The respondents were divided into two groups with 27 patients each in the intervention and the control group. The intervention group received 2-session mindfulness, while the control group received standard care. The data were collected using the demographic questionnaire, the Schizophrenia Hope Scale (SHS-9), and Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS), and analyzed using the Chi-Square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: After mindfulness therapy, the intervention group showed a higher mean score of hope than the control group (14.30±2.50 and 9.04±2.15, respectively) as well as in the mean of recovery (86.78±4.00 and 73.56±6.04, respectively). There were significant differences in hope and recovery levels between the two groups with p-value &lt;0.001.Conclusion: This study showed that mindfulness is an effective strategy to stimulate hope and recovery among people with schizophrenia. Nurses can apply mindfulness as one of the nursing interventions for helping the recovery process among this population.

Evaluation of efficacy of oxygen-enriched oil-based gel dressing in patients who underwent surgical repair of distal hypospadias: a prospective randomised clinical trial

PurposeThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of oxygen-enriched oil-based gel dressing on wound healing and postoperative outcome in children who underwent distal hypospadias repair.MethodsWe included all patients with distal hypospadias, who underwent Snodgrass urethroplasty and preputioplasty over an 18-months period. The patients were randomized in two groups according to the type of medication: oxygen-enriched oil-based gel (G1) and hyaluronic acid cream (G2). After discharge, parents changed the dressing twice a day for 2–3 weeks postoperatively. The patients were evaluated at 7, 14, 21, 30, 60 and 180 postoperative days and thereafter annually.ResultsOne-hundred and fourteen patients (median age 18 months) were included in the study and randomized in two groups, each of 57 patients. The wound healing was significantly faster in G1 compared with G2 (p = 0.001). G1 reported significantly higher SWAS and modified HOPE scores compared with G2 (p = 0.001) at all steps of follow-up. No adverse skin reactions occurred. Foreskin dehiscence and re-operations rates were significantly lower in G1 compared with G2 (p = 0.001). Postoperative foreskin retractability was better in G1, with a significantly higher incidence of secondary phimosis in G2 (p = 0.001). The median treatment costs were significantly lower in G1 compared with G2 (p = 0.001).ConclusionPostoperative dressing using oxygen-enriched oil-based gel was highly effective, promoting a faster wound healing in patients who underwent distal hypospadias repair. It reported a lower incidence of foreskin dehiscence and better foreskin retractability compared with the control group. It was cost-effective and clinically safe without allergy or intolerance to the product.

The Effect of a Spiritual Care on Hope in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Background: The most common psychological problem in hemodialysis patients is low hope. Hope is an important source of adaptation for the survival of the patients with a chronic disease. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of spiritual care on hope in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: In this randomized controlled trial conducted in Iran in 2017, 60 hemodialysis patients with ending-stage of renal disease under hemodialysis treatment were randomly assigned into two experimental (n=30) and control (n=30) groups. The spiritual care program consisting of protectionist care, supporting the patient's rituals and using support systems was administered in four sessions of 60 minutes individually, twice a week, morning or evening in hemodialysis ward. Snyder’s Hope Questionnaire was completed before and after the intervention in both groups. Data were analyzed in SPSS software version 16. Results: Prior to the intervention, there was no significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p=0.262); however, following the intervention, the difference was statistically significant with regard to the mean scores of hope in the experimental (36.43 ± 3.37) and control (35.20 ± 7.00) groups (p=0.04). Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, spiritual care promotes hope in Muslim patients undergoing hemodialysis; therefore, nurses can adopt the spiritual care to this end.

Effect of Cardiac Rehabilitation on Hope Among Cardiac Patients After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery.

PurposeFollowing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery, some patients experience psycho-mental problems such as hopelessness. The Phase 2 cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program is an important element of the secondary prevention program in treating patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study aimed to determine the effect of the Phase 2 CR program on the level of hope in cardiac patients after CABG surgery.Patients and MethodsA clinical trial was conducted from July 2017 to late January 2018 at the Heart Surgery Centre, Al-Zahra Hospital, Shiraz, Iran. The target population was patients who sought CR therapy after CABG surgery. A total of 104 cardiac patients were recruited and equally divided into control and intervention groups. The intervention group received 20 sessions of Phase 2 CR program combined with education and counselling during 8 weeks. The control group only received routine observations and education. The data were collected pre- and post-intervention using a demographic form and the Miller Hope Scale (MHS). Descriptive statistics were expressed as percentages, frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation. Paired t-test and independent t-test were used for statistical inference. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software (version 23.0) and P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant.ResultsThere was no significant difference in the mean score of hope between the control and intervention groups before the intervention. However, a significant difference between the groups was observed post-intervention (P<0.001). The results showed a significant difference in the mean score of hope between pre-intervention (182.36±23.07) and post-intervention (216.94±23.05) in the intervention group (P<0.001), whereas the difference in the control group was not significant (P=0.095). The measured post-intervention effect size was high (1.05).ConclusionThe Phase 2 CR program combined with education and counseling increased hope in CVD patients after CABG surgery.

Preparing care home staff to manage challenging behaviours among residents living with dementia: A mixed-methods evaluation.

We evaluated an intervention designed to manage challenging behaviours of people with dementia. Framework analysis of interviews (n = 21) showed the intervention modified practice and perceptions. The intervention (n = 58; power calculation proposed n = 160 for medium effect) had no significant effect on attitudes to dementia for time (p = .42) or care home (p = .15). The Maslach burnout scores did not change significantly for person-centredness for time (p = .83) or care home (p = .29). Hope scores showed a significant effect post-intervention (p = .004), but this was not maintained. No significant main effect was found for care home (p = .36). Experiential learning enabled staff to experience benefits of person-centred care firsthand.

The Predictor Role of Perceived Social Support and Spiritual Intelligence in Hope Among Thalassemia Patients.

BackgroundThalassemia is a prevalent chronic blood disorder, which is accompanied with a wide range of challenges. This study aimed to determine the predictor role of perceived social support and spiritual intelligence in hope among thalassemia patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 300 thalassemia patients. The data were collected using Miller hope scale, spiritual intelligence scale, and personal resource questionnaire. The data were analysed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis.ResultsThe results indicated that the mean score of hope was 173.38 (standard deviation [SD] = 24.6). Besides, 86.7% of the patients showed high levels of hope. The mean score of spiritual intelligence was 134.66 (SD = 18.07). In addition, 91.7% of the patients showed moderate levels of spiritual intelligence. The mean score of social support was 127.87 (SD = 20.19) and the patients showed high social support levels. The results revealed a significant association between hope and perceived social support (r = 0.65, P < 0.001) as well as between hope and spiritual intelligence (r = 0.63, P < 0.001). Moreover, perceived social support (b = 0.43, P < 0.001) and spiritual intelligence (b = 0.37, P < 0.001) were the predictors of hope among thalassemia patients.ConclusionConsidering the study results, in addition to common treatments for thalassemia, policymakers’ are recommended to pay attention to spiritual intelligence and more importantly social support to enhance thalassemia patients’ hope.

Psychosocial, Spiritual, and Biomedical Predictors of Hope in Hemodialysis Patients.

BackgroundHemodialysis patients deal with some psychological and social problems. These problems may be the predictors of hope. This study aimed to determine the psychosocial, spiritual, and biomedical predictors of hope in hemodialysis patients.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 350 hemodialysis patients in hemodialysis centers affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Adult Hope Scale, Depression Anxiety Stress Scales, Personal Resources Questionnaire-85, Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and biomedical markers were used for data collection. The data were entered into the SPSS 22 software and were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and linear regression analysis.ResultsThe mean score of hope was 28.54 (SD=5.27). The mean scores of depression, anxiety, and stress were 17.87 (SD=7.62), 13.12 (SD=3.47), and 12.99 (SD=3.88), respectively. The mean scores of social support and spiritual well-being were 126.35 (SD=17.53) and 74.02 (SD=5.84), respectively. The means of biomedical markers including interdialytic weight gain, urea nitrogen, creatinine, phosphate, sodium, and potassium were 2.10 (SD=1.04), 51.55 (SD=13.10), 6.98 (SD=2.48), 4.71 (SD=1.08), 139.32 (SD=4.91), and 4.87 (SD=0.93), respectively. The results revealed a significant association between hope and depression, anxiety, stress, social support, and spiritual well-being (p<0.05). In addition, stress (β=−0.14, p=0.01), anxiety (β=−0.20, p=0.002), and social support (β=0.49, p<0.001) were the predictors of hope.ConclusionThe hemodialysis patients reported moderate levels of hope, social support, anxiety, and depression. In addition, most of them adhered to dietary and fluid restrictions. Considering the association between hope and social support, spiritual well-being, anxiety, depression, and stress, using some interventions regarding the mentioned variables might increase hope among hemodialysis patients.

Hope Among Refugee Children Attending the International School of Peace on Lesbos

Abstract The study focuses on refugee children who live in a temporary transit camp on the Island of Lesbos in Greece, and attend a unique school, which, in the camp’s temporary conditions, endeavours to provide the children with safety, security, and an adaptive learning experience. It examines hope among the refugee children by means of the Children’s Hope Scale (Snyder, 1997), which was administered to 132 children aged 6-16 who attend the school. The general hope scores among the refugee children were similar to those found in other children’s populations. Hope scores in the Adolescent group (aged 12-16) were lower than in the other groups, and highest in the Intermediate group (aged 9-12). Additionally, differences were found between groups of children from different countries of origin. The findings indicate that the Adolescent children are more aware of the difficulties and dangers entailed in fleeing, and of the price they have paid for leaving their homes and being cut off from their extended family and community. The findings highlight the school’s contribution as a space, albeit temporary, where the children can function normatively as students in a safe environment that enables new growth in cognitive, emotional, and social realms.

PERFIL E NÍVEL DE ESPERANÇA ENTRE PACIENTES QUE REALIZAM HEMODIÁLISE E DIÁLISE PERITONEAL

Objetivo: identificar o perfil clínico, psicossocial e mensurar o nível de esperança entre pacientesque realizam hemodiálise e diálise peritoneal.Método: estudo exploratório, descritivo e quantitativo, realizado numa unidade de nefrologiado Distrito Federal com pacientes em tratamento dialítico. A coleta aconteceu entre setembro eoutubro de 2018, com questionário de caracterização e aplicação da escala de esperança de Herth.Para comparar o nível de esperança, utilizou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney.Resultados: participaram 122 pacientes. O escore médio de esperança obtido foi de 39,79 (±5,3)com maior nível em 48 e, no teste comparativo, não houve diferença significativa entre os níveis deesperança.Conclusão: apesar de todas as limitações impostas pelo tratamento e doença, essa populaçãopossui bom nível de esperança. Este estudo contribuiu para a ampliação do debate acadêmicoque permitiu identificar e construir pontos essenciais para um bom planejamento dos cuidados deenfermagem, em especial no âmbito do tratamento da doença renal crônica.

The Effect of Regular Family Appointments on Hope of Hospitalized Depressed Patients: a Randomized Clinical Trial.

Introduction: Depression is one of the most common psychological disorders in the world. Many depressed patients are being hospitalized in psychiatric centers every year, which can lead to hopelessness and indifference. Considering the role of family as a support system in caring for depressed patients, the goal of the present study is to assess the effects of regular family appointments on the hope of hospitalized depressed patients.Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial on 70 hospitalized depressed patients in the Baharan psychiatric hospital of Zahedan. Block Randomization was used to categorize the participants continuously into two groups intervention (n=35) and control groups (n=35). The data collection tools were demographic characteristics questionnaire and Schneider hope scale. The patients in the interventions group received 6 sessions of regular family appointments with first- degree relatives. The control group received freely and without any planning appointments. Hope level was measured and compared before and after the intervention for two groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS using the chi-square test, the independent t-test and the paired t-test.Results: The results showed that both groups were homogeneous in terms of socio- demographic differences. The hope scores of patients in the intervention group significantly increased compared to those of the control group.Conclusion: Encouraging family cooperation and using patient's choice in selecting visitors is recommended.

Group reminiscence for hope and resilience in care-seekers who have attempted suicide

BackgroundThe rate of attempting suicide is growing due to the increasing social and economic problems and a variety of stresses taken by individuals in their lives. Helping people, boosting hope, and improving resilience to life hardships might be helpful in this area. This paper is an attempt to determine the effects of group reminiscence on hope and resilience in care-seekers who have attempted suicide.MethodThe study was carried out as a quasi-experimental interventional study. The participants were 57 care-seekers with a history of attempting suicide who met the inclusion criteria. The sampling was done through convenience sampling and the participants were grouped into control (n = 29) and experimental (n = 28) groups randomly. The experimental group received integrated reminiscence sessions (eight sessions; 60–90 min). Hope and resilience of the subjects were measured using Schneider's Hope Scale and Connor and Davidson’s Resilience Scale. The scales were filled out by the subjects before, immediately after, and 4 weeks after the intervention.ResultsThe mean scores of hope in the experimental and control groups were 34.60 and 38.04, respectively, before the intervention. These figures immediately after the intervention were 44.07 and 35.96 in the experimental and control groups, respectively. 4 weeks after the intervention, the mean scores of hope in the experimental and control groups were 44.39 and 35.79, respectively, which is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). In terms of resilience, the mean scores in the experimental and control groups before the intervention were 48.17 and 57.51, respectively; and immediately after the intervention, these figures were 67.71 and 52.75, respectively. 4 weeks of the intervention, the mean scores of resilience were 59.17 and 52.24, respectively, which is a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05).ConclusionGroup reminiscence has a positive effect on boosting hope and resilience in care-seekers who have attempted suicide.