Homestay Business Research Articles

The Impact of Technological-Organizational-Environmental (TOE) Factors on Homestay Performance

Homestay have been a part of the tourism industry for a long time, however, their prevalence is still lower than the other travel-related services. Determining the factors that homestays should have to improve their performance and level them with other tourism services is the goal of this pilot study. Thus, this study aims to investigate how homestay performance can be improved by using the TOE Framework. To do this, a self-administered questionnaire was distributed among 50 homestay coordinators in the pilot study. To verify the validity and internal consistency of the measures, a few tests were carried out on the data by using SPSS 29 software. The three factors examined in this study which are technology, organization and environment factors were all determined to be significant. The findings show that homestays should give each of these factors top priority if they want to improve their performance and stay competitive in the tourism industry. In conclusion, the uniqueness of this study has contributed to the development of the most effective homestay business plan and provided empirical data for the study, both of which are essential resources for decision-makers engaged in the execution of future research.

Analisis Kelayakan Investasi Smart Homestay Bu Ai Di Situs Wisata Gunung Padang

The research aims to assess the investment feasibility of Bu Ai's smart homestay. Bu Ai's smart homestay investment feasibility assessment is one of the Matching Fund Grant programs. The subject of this research is Bu Ai's Smart Homestay Business located in Kp.Gunung Padang, Karyamukti Kec.Campaka Kab.Cianjur West Java. This research was conducted for 5 months starting from August-December. The data used in this study are primary data. The methods used in this research are Payback Period, Net Present Value, Profitability Index and Internal Rate of Return. The results found that the feasibility assessment using PP, NPV, PI, & IRR is not feasible. However, at this time the investment is still accepted due to other factors including the location of the homestay which is located in the Gunung Padang site tourism area which has the potential to continue to increase.

Overcoming the pitfalls of economies-of-scale in shared accommodation: How can effective multi-listing management enhance the sustainability of homestay businesses?

Economies-of-scale have always been a significant concern, but previous theoretical studies have primarily focused on the traditional manufacturing industry. Consequently, their findings are not directly applicable to the tertiary sector, particularly the hospitality service industry. The hospitality service operates in a high-risk environment and is susceptible to market exits. Therefore, it becomes even more crucial to effectively leverage economies of scale for improving survival rates and long-term operations. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of economies of scale theory in the hospitality industry by examining how sharing accommodation’s economies-of-scale impact personalized and professionalized homestay businesses’ survival. To achieve this objective, we analyze a panel dataset comprising 551,605 properties located in New York City, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Austin using panel survival analysis techniques such as the Cox model and the exponential model. The findings indicate that economies-of-scale can confer short-term survival advantages to professional homestay businesses in comparison with personalized ones. However, in the long run, the social benefits of personalized homestay businesses surpass the impacts of economies-of-scale, thereby enabling them to achieve better sustainability than professional homestay businesses. The likelihood of survival for professional homestay businesses increases with a greater number of listings in operation, referred to as the advantage of economies-of-scale on professionalization; conversely, this is not true for personalized homestay businesses. Moreover, effective host–guest communication both facilitates the attainment of benefits for personalized businesses and amplifies its impact on professionalized enterprises; high-quality products offered by personalized hosts can derive more advantages from scales compared to low-quality products, while superhost-certified professionalized hosts experience less business benefit than uncertificated hosts. This study is one of the pioneering efforts to investigate how economies-of-scale can contribute to the professionalization and personalization of homestay properties, thereby enhancing their business survival. It significantly contributes to the existing literature on hospitality business survival and expands upon the economies-of-scale theory by elucidating its advantages and potential pitfalls in relation to homestay businesses.

Use and Adoption of Website and Social Media Marketing: Insights from Homestay Business Owners

This qualitative inquiry delves into the transformative impact of digital technology adoption, specifically websites and social media, on the operational and promotional strategies of homestay business owners in Negeri Sembilan within the burgeoning technology-driven tourism sector. It critically examines the integration of these digital tools into marketing and communication frameworks, evaluates their role in enhancing business visibility and shaping public perceptions, and offers comprehensive insights into the associated benefits and challenges. Initial results indicate that the adoption of websites has significantly redefined marketing paradigms by broadening customer outreach and intensifying engagement, while social media has been instrumental in increasing visibility and improving interactive communications with prospective clients. However, this digital transition also poses challenges, including the need for continuous content development and bridging the digital skills gap.

Sustainable Homestay Marketing Strategy: Triple Bottom Line Implementation for Post-Pandemic Economic Recovery in Pulesari Tourism Village

The development of tourism villages is an important issue in implementing sustainable tourism principles related to the triple bottom line concept. Pulesari Village is expected to become a tourist village that is able to integrate economic (profit), social (people), and environmental (planet) interests in managing its homestay business. The purpose of this research is to understand the homestay marketing model carried out by the Pulesari Tourism Village Manager in relation to the triple bottom line concept. This research uses data collection techniques through non-participatory observation, in depth interviews, and documentation. The results of this study found that the community owns assets in the form of homestays and is managed professionally together with an institution formed by the village. A percentage profit-sharing system is used as an instrument for sharing income from homestay management. However, efforts to maintain environmental quality are still not the main promotional material because there are still weaknesses, especially in waste management. The community as part of the subject of economic activity in Pulesari Tourism Village needs to be further involved in the process of homestay management and marketing while balancing economic, social and environmental interests.

Malaysian homestay experience programme: A qualitative investigation on operator's crisis management practices and resiliency strategies

Understanding the specific crisis management practices and resilience strategies homestay operators adopt during a crisis is critical. Currently, it is an area that remains under-researched despite the growing importance of resilience in community-based tourism operations. As such, this study investigates the crisis management practices and strategies for resiliency that homestay operators adopt during a health crisis. This qualitative study has been conducted via semi-structured interviews among ten prominent homestay operators in Malaysia. The thematic data analysis using an inductive approach was employed to ensure the transferability of the findings. The study found that marketing initiatives, pandemic prevention measures, maintenance practices, and government assistance were the best crisis management practices homestay operators could implement during the pandemic phase. Homestay operators have adopted four resilience strategies to survive after the pandemic: for other creative business opportunities, government assistance, use of technology innovation, togetherness in mitigating the pandemic, and industry engagement and collaboration. The results provide comprehensive strategies to the policymakers and industry stakeholders to strengthen homestay businesses in the future. Such understanding enables government efforts to maintain CBT sustainability, which is in line with the National Tourism Policy (2020–2030) and Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 1 (No Poverty), 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth) and 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities). The results are also expected to assist homestay operators in re-strategizing and striving toward recovery and resiliency after the crisis.

The Impact of Tourism Villages on the Income of Temajuk Village Residents, Paloh District

This study aimed to identify and describe the changes in the income of the community in Temajuk village economically after it was designated as a tourism village in 2021. The aspects of income changes observed in this study were: a) sources of income; b) amount of income; and c) distribution of income. This is a descriptive qualitative research with direct communication of data collecting techniques. The tools of data collection were interview guidelines in which the respondents were selected using saturated sampling. Data analysis techniques used were data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. The results showed that socio-economic changes in the community related to aspects of income sources were in the form of micro-enterprises such as canteens, tire-repair shops, rental of buoys for swimming, and laundry services for locals and tourists. From the aspects of the amount of income, it showed the increase of income. The amount of income was measured by comparing the income of individual communities in the village of Temajuk. Socio-economic changes based on the aspects of the income gap between community groups can be concluded that it depended on various factors such as differences in economic opportunities access in the coastal and mountainous areas of Temajuk village, the ownership of homestay businesses, canteens and so on, and also the education and skills of the tourism managers.

Strategic alternatives for Muslim-friendly homestay in Sabah Malaysia: a SWOT/TOWS analysis

PurposeThis study aims to explore the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) of the Muslim-friendly homestay business in Malaysia to help identify and recommend practical strategies to capitalize on the strengths and potentials while overcoming the current shortcomings and threats.Design/methodology/approachThe Muslim-friendly business owner and operators in Sabah, Malaysia, were the subject of a series of focus groups and expert opinion interviews. The data was transcribed, and then the variables were categorized into the four SWOT categories using content and thematic analysis. Meanwhile, threats, opportunities, weaknesses and strengths (TOWS) analysis is used to identify the best strategy alternatives.FindingsThe SWOT analysis identifies several strengths (e.g. diverse and unique Islamic culture and heritage [S1], iconic Islamic landmarks [S2], rich natural beauty [S3], well-established halal tourism industry [S4]); weaknesses (e.g. limited awareness [W1], limited infrastructure and facilities [W2], limited human resources and trained personnel [W3], lack of Islamic tourism products and experiences [W4]); opportunities (e.g. growing demand for Islamic tourism [O1], increasing disposable income [O2], potential for collaborations [O3], potential for partnerships [O4], potential for expanding Sabah’s halal tourism offerings [O5]); and threats (e.g. competition [T1], political instability [T2], economic downturns [T3] and environmental and social challenges [T4]).Practical implicationsThis paper could serve as a guideline and supplementary information for stakeholders in the homestay industry to grasp their business environment better.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of its type to blend SWOT and TOWS analysis with the sector of Muslim-friendly homestays. Hence, the findings might expand understanding of the Muslim-friendly homestays industry and aid businesses in penetrating this growing market.

La Pinekonez: navigating challenges of homestay business

Learning outcomes After completion of the case study, the participants would be able to understand the challenges in building a sustainable homestay tourism business; develop a positioning statement for La Pinekonez which builds a unique competitive advantage; and outline elements of the business strategy to profitably sustain and grow a sustainable tourism homestay in terms of service offering, pricing, marketing and operations. Case overview/synopsis La Pinekonez Homestay, located in the beautiful region of Himachal Pradesh, India, is the subject of this case study, which explores both its successes and its difficulties. In August 2022, Arvind, the dedicated sole proprietor of La Pinekonez, grappled with multifaceted challenges, the first being the foray of established hotel chains into the homestay business. As the protagonist, was is in dilemma of preserving La Pinekonez’s unique identity amidst corporate competitors, particularly with regards to differentiating from the expanding hotel chains. The clash between customer expectations for hotel-like amenities and the homestay’s commitment to sustainable tourism presented a crucial challenge. Negative reviews questioning the authenticity of La Pinekonez’s green initiatives heightened the complexity. Adding to Arvind’s predicament were the seasonal fluctuations in tourist inflow and his aspiration to embrace immersive tourism trends. This case study facilitates exploration of strategic positioning, sustainability management and marketing strategies in the dynamic and competitive hospitality industry. It also offers insights into the complexities of balancing differentiation, customer satisfaction and sustainability while navigating the evolving landscape of tourism trends. Complexity academic level This case study is suitable for students of tourism and hospitality management at postgraduate level. The case study can be discussed once the basic concepts of hospitality management and service dimensions are covered. Supplementary material Teaching notes are available for educators only. Subject code CCS 12: Tourism and hospitality.

Homestay drives community's socio-economic development and sustainability; a case study of Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan

Northern Pakistan is one of the most visiting places by both domestic and foreign visitors. This visitation phenomenon encourages residents to commercialize their residences portion a partial sharing into homestays. The northern area tourists have the privilege to experience homestay operations due to a shortage of lodging demand-supply gaps. A homestay is an idea of accommodation operation in which a visitor pays a charge to stay with a host family and engage with the native population. GB in general and Skardu in particular, benefited from the homestay due to national and international tourist flow. Homestay in Pakistan is not standardized or even not regularized. However, there are still many newcomers in the homestay business while owners do not understand business requirements, and the majority of them are not get training. Social media and online booking is popular channels for selling products. This study includes an assessment of community perceptions of how much the Homestay program influences the community in Skardu city, and even a discussion about the issues that Homestay operators and the community face. A cross-sectional research design with both quantitative and qualitative statistics (QUAN-QUAL Techniques) was used to examine the data. The data on a semi-structured questionnaire was collected from 30 homestay operators in the city. This research highlighted numerous characteristics of homestay growth, issues, and prospects.

Homestay Development Strategy in Borobudur Temple Area

The aim of the paper is to formulate a strategy to develop homestays in the Borobudur area that not only benefits tourists but also local communities. Qualitative and quantitative research methods (mixed methods research) with in-depth interviews and observation/survey of homestay representatives in as many as 20 tourist villages in Borobudur District and 1 Mendut village in the Borobudur Temple area. The result formulates several strategies, such as developing local wisdom-based cultural tour packages, determining the centralized management of homestays in one manager, forming homestay associations in each village, empowering local people to run their homestay businesses, building facilities and setting rules about local transportation in Borobudur area villages, and others. Based on the QSPM, the priority strategies are obtained to be sorted, namely, the main one is to determine the centralized management of homestays in one manager, followed by the strategy of forming homestay associations in each village and improving the quality of human resources through homestay training.

Eco-tourism and economic striving of the locals: From participation to empowerment

This paper aims to investigate local communities’ participation in eco-tourism projects by using the community of Situ Cisanti located in Tarumajaya Village, West Java as a case. Data were gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation analysis. Observations and in-depth interviews were conducted simultaneously for two months, from September to October 2021. In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 informants from the elements; village government officials of Tarumajaya, Perhutani, and local communities who participated in the Situ Cisanti eco-tourism project, which was completed through a documents analysis. According to the findings, local community participation in Situ Cisanti eco-tourism consists of conservation and economic participation. Conservation participation is demonstrated by their participation in restoration and greening activities such as reforestation, etc. in Situ Cisanti and its surroundings, whereas economic participation is demonstrated by the establishment of stalls, culinary, coffee, souvenir, and homestay businesses as a result of Situ Cisanti eco-tourism. Furthermore, the existence of this eco-tourism has empowered women because new business opportunities that arise are not only run by men but also by women. As a result, this study implies that the participation of local eco-tourism communities not only has an impact on empowering conservation knowledge and economics, but it can also imply women empowerment.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Wisata Cimande melalui Usaha Homestay Jawara

Purpose: The aim of this program is to increase the knowledge and empowerment of the Cimande Village community and also the Tourism Awareness Group (POKDARWIS) by utilizing their residences in the Jawara homestay business so that it can provide additional income and improve welfare. Methodology: This program was carried out in three stages, namely the preparation stage which is carried out through observation, FGD and internal discussions; the second stage is implementation with coaching and workshops; and the third stage is evaluation through tests, monitoring and evaluation. Result: The results of the pre-test and post-test evaluation showed that the level of knowledge and understanding of the participants increased from initially not understanding to understanding. The participant's skill level increased in making the bed and cleaning the bathroom, and the participants were able to create social media accounts and content about the homestay. Conclusion: The community empowerment program through the homestay business will run optimally if it is well prepared based on the needs, commitment, and participation of the village community, and implemented by providing knowledge, skills, and equipment assistance according to standards, as well as providing assistance so that the community can become independent. Limitation: This article has limitations in terms of the number of community participants who are interested in homestay business. Contribution: This program contributes as a reference for other scholars in efforts to develop homestays in tourist villages. This program also contributes to the Cimande Village Community in managing, developing homestays according to standards, and marketing them.

Tourism development and community business development through homestay in Panglipuran Village Bali

Homestay for the community is used as an additional livelihood after agriculture, therefore it needs in-depth research to find out more about the condition of homestay in Panglipuran Tourism Village. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the homestay business in Panglipuran Tourism Village seen from 3 (three main components of this business program, namely institutions, actors and products. The research method used in this research is a qualitative method with data collection methods in the form of in-depth interviews. The results of this study describe the homestay business program seen from local institutions as indicated by the existence of local organizations that regulate tourism activities, namely Pokdarwis Lingko` Cave. This organization oversees homestay business actors who are self-help communities in Panglipuran Tourism Village. This institution and homestay business actors produce products offered as attractions that are the reason for tourists to come in the form of homestays and activities that become tourist attractions. The results of this analysis are the basis for preparing recommendations for homestay businesses seen from these three components.

The Relationships between Social Media Adoption and Homestay Performance in Malaysia

Social media has become the most popular marketing tool in the tourism industry. It has been determined that the advent of social media has allowed tourists from all around the world to directly get in touch and communicate with tourism organizations despite their location. However, there is limited research on the adoption of social media as a marketing tool in the Homestay program. Therefore, Kampungstay and Homestay Association Malaysia (MKHA) in collaboration with Tourism Malaysia has developed a platform known as www.jomhomestay.my to promote the program. Despite this effort, the findings stated that the homestay program has limited resources for social media and a limited ability to recognize it. Thus, this paper is to examine the relationships between social media adoption and homestay performance. The originality of the study will act as a roadmap for future research, assisting in the creation of the most productive homestay business plan and providing empirical data for this research.

Decolonial Rhetoric of Indigenous Tharu Homestays in Nepal

The Tharu, an indigenous people residing in the southern plainland region known as the Terai in Nepal, have a historical memory of marginalization, displacement, and internal colonization. In the past decade, the emergence of homestay businesses among the Tharu has not only provided economic opportunities but has also played a crucial role in promoting their indigenous identity. Building on this phenomenon, this article investigates Tharu homestays in Nepal, with the aim of assessing the ways in which they embody indigenous decolonial rhetoric. Using a qualitative e-research method (Salmons, 2022), this article collects, analyzes, and interprets digital sources such as websites, online newspapers, YouTube videos, Facebook updates, and official reports. The interpretation is grounded in the theoretical framework of indigenous decolonial delinking (Mignolo, 2012; Smith, 2021). The article elaborates on how indigenous Tharu homestays function as decolonial spaces through six distinct lenses: their portrayal in national news coverage, their cartographic presence on Google Maps, their web-based territoriality, indigenous settings, the embodiment of indigenous culture and culinary traditions, and their amplified presence in the socio-digital media. In conclusion, the article finds that indigenous Tharu homestays in Nepal embody decolonial rhetoric by creating an amplified presence of indigenous Tharu identity across multiple spaces. This research contributes to the discourse of indigenous rhetoric, advocating for the protection and promotion of Tharu homestays in Nepal and emphasizing their role in the process of indigenous decolonization.

Effect of collaborative consumption on sustainable homestay development: an empirical study

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the factors that influence sustainable homestay development and suggest a model for adopting and implementing the homestay concept and its contribution towards sustainable rural development in Uttarakhand, India.Design/methodology/approachResearchers have collected a total of 360 responses from tourists, homestay owners/villagers and managers associated with homestay businesses in Uttarakhand to examine, assess and analyse the data with the help of different statistical tools such as SPSS and AMOS to validate the concept of homestay and its impact on sustainable rural development.FindingsThe analysis uncovered that collaborative consumption, sharing economy and family feeling and community development are positively associated with and, in return, community development affects sustainable development.Research limitations/implicationsThis study enables us to explain the “collaborative consumption” in the context of homestays functional in the state of Uttarakhand only.Practical implicationsThe study results in evidence of crucial implications for policymakers. Policymakers should focus on opportunities in tourism and its integration with economic, environmental and social goals. Homestays will be new avenues for economic and sustainable development.Social implicationsHomestay offers reasonable and cheap lodging for tourists within the existing ancient homes, typically restored for the guests to form a comfortable stay. Homestay is adopted to facilitate community-based tourism in the state. It also helps in developing a source of livelihood for the community. It is helpful for individuals’ economic, social and aesthetic desires to be consummated by maintaining cultural integrity, ecological processes, biodiversity and natural support systems through homestay, as social entrepreneurship. Homestay has been envisaged as a driver to realise the sustainable development goals by steering the pathways to a property future for all involved within the elected hill states.Originality/valueThis study validates a new homestay model that will be useful for developing community and achieving sustainable development.

The One-Stop Homestay Management Model in the Tourism Village of the Borobudur Super Priority Tourism Destination Area (DPSP) Indonesia

The Borobudur area of Indonesia has the potential for competitive advantage and strong strategic value based on cultural, historical and natural tourism with its unique local wisdom as a driving force for the development and restoration of national and regional tourism and the welfare of local communities in the Central Java Province region. As many as 20 tourism villages in Borobudur District, the DPSP Borobudur area can become an alternative destination for tourist visits, which so far have been concentrated in the Borobudur Temple Tourism Park. The existence of a tourist village so far has proven capable of becoming a new destination in the Borobudur area with its overnight tour packages which have 581 homestays spread across the Borobudur area. However, the problem that arises is the management of homestays in the Borobudur area, including that there is no definitive standard management model between Cooperatives/Village-Owned Enterprises/Tourism Awareness Groups and the homestay owners themselves, include homestay managers do not yet have standardized competencies in managing their homestay business. Based on the results of the research followed by Focus Group Discussion (FGD) a one-stop homestay management scheme/model in a tourism village has been obtained, including improving the skills of homestay managers through the Indonesian National Work Competency Standards (SKKNI) through a survey conducted on homestay owners in 20 tourism villages. which in the end is expected to increase sales, and the placement of guests in homestays so that it is fair and equitable for the people who own the homestay which will automatically increase the local revenue. This model can also be applied in other regions in Indonesia, and perhaps in several countries in the world that have the same form of government and regional characteristics as Indonesia. Keywords: Management Model, Homestay, Super Priority Tourism Destination Area, National Work Competency Standards, Borobudur.

Analysis of Smart Homestay Business in Karyamukti Village, Cianjur (Case Study on Mrs. Ai's Smart Homestay)

There are still very few Smart Homestays in the Gunung Padang tourist area and must be refined regarding the technological equipment used. The problem in the object of this research is the accessibility and limitations of human resources in running this business. The purpose of this study was to determine the feasibility of Mrs. Ai's Smart Homestay business in Karyamukti Village using a descriptive analysis method in terms of several aspects including legal aspects, market and marketing aspects, technical and technological aspects, management and HR aspects, financial aspects, economic aspects. And social and environmental aspects. Based on the results of the business feasibility analysis, there are several aspects that are still far from meeting the business feasibility criteria. Business actors are expected to pay more attention to aspects that are still not in accordance with the eligibility criteria so that the business being run can survive and develop much better.

Tourism Impacts on Socio-Economic Development of Residential Community in Ella Destination, Sri Lanka

One tool for economic development is the tourist sector. Tourism destination management is required at local, regional, and national levels to profit. The local population plays a significant role in the tourism industry since they serve as the tourists' hosts. Tourism must be promoted to maximize industrial benefits. Positive outcomes must be enhanced, while negative consequences must be controlled. Therefore, this study aims to identify the economic and socio-cultural impacts of tourism on the Ella destination. This research is focused on the homestay community, because it is the main income-generating source for the resident community in Ella, Sri Lanka. The researcher selected 175 registered homestay business owners in Ella destination, Sri Lanka through a simple random sampling strategy. This study applied a Likert scale questionnaire to collect primary quantitative data for this study. Secondary data was gathered from past theses, journal articles, newspaper articles, the SLTDA website, and central bank annual reports. The SPSS software was utilized to analyze the gathered data through questionnaires. The researcher identified that there are eight main indicators that affect the socio-economic development of the homestay business community in Ella, Sri Lanka. These are local culture, local services, the community’s lifestyle, alcoholism, drugs, and prostitution, employment and income opportunities, investment & spending, infrastructure, and tourist arrivals to Ella. As per the findings, the researcher recommends that homestay tourism business owners need to invest In eco-friendly business operations, because eco-friendly hospitality services are the main trends in the current global tourism and hospitality business Sector. Also, homestay business owners should know that practical knowledge is highly significant in the tourism and hospitality sector business environment. In the future, community capacity development, Identification of a unique promotional mechanism, and eco-friendly business operations will be needed to manage negative impacts.