Family Home Research Articles

Correlates of food insecurity among university students in a low socioeconomic area

Abstract Background The prevalence of food insecurity (FI) is high and suggested to be growing among university students, with potential detrimental effects on their health status and academic performances. This cross-sectional study aims to identify the socioeconomic, demographic and lifestyle factors associated with FI among university students in a disadvantaged area. Methods An anonymous online survey was conducted from Nov 2022 to Jan 2023 among students enrolled at University Sorbonne Paris Nord, located in a low socioeconomic area in France. FI was assessed with one question distinguishing 2 levels of FI: quantitative (i.e. not having enough to eat) and qualitative (i.e. not having the desired food). This abstract focused on quantitative FI. To improve the representativeness of the sample compared to the total student population of the university, sample weights were used according to gender, study level and speciality, whether they were undergoing initial training or not, or obtained their baccalaureate abroad or not. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with FI. Results A total of 5068 students provided valid answers (20% of the target population), 66% of whom were women, and 12% and 36% reported quantitative and qualitative FI, respectively. Being a man, an undergraduate, having obtained a baccalaureate abroad, not living in the family home, not receiving food from family, having no household food-heating facilities, reporting financial difficulties, relying on food charity and eating alone on a regular basis were positively associated with quantitative FI (P < 0.0001). Those reporting quantitative FI were more likely to report academic difficulties. Conclusions This study shows a high prevalence of FI in this student population and identifies several associated factors. Identifying students at greater risk of FI is an important first step to design and evaluate public health interventions. Key messages • The different socio-economic backgrounds of university students imply important food insecurity disparities among them. • University students present several factors associated with food insecurity, which should be considered when addressing food insecurity in this population.

Psychopathology, psychopathy, body management, and undoing in youthful parricide offenders.

This study of 21 youthful parricide offenders (YPOs) ages 11-21 examined the relationship between psychopathology, level of psychopathy, and crime scene behaviors, particularly two forms of "body management": (1) "body movement" and (2) "body alteration." Undoing, a form of body alteration reflecting psychological rather than practical needs, for example, to lessen guilt or symbolically reverse the killing, was present in one-third of the sample. The sample shared common characteristics with juvenile parricide offenders overall in that most of them killed one parent, were victims of chronic child abuse, had one or more psychiatric diagnoses (PTSD was most prevalent), used a firearm, and committed the killings at the family home. Unexpectedly, YPOs who were child abuse victims were not more likely to engage in undoing behaviors than non-abused youth, and over half of the youth with undoing behaviors had elevated psychopathy levels. Three-quarters of youth who moved victim bodies following the murders had elevated psychopathy levels. Similarly, all three youth who transported bodies away from the crime scene had elevated psychopathy levels and conduct disorder. None of the youth with psychotic symptoms engaged in undoing behaviors, altered victim bodies, moved bodies either within or away from the home, or had an elevated degree of psychopathy; they also most often killed using bladed weapons, whereas the nonpsychotic youth usually used firearms. Studies examining the influence of mental illness and psychopathy level on parricidal behaviors by youth are scarce, and to our knowledge this is the largest study to date investigating this area.

Agency support for at-risk families: service provision, challenges and effective elements for intervention

ABSTRACT There is an urgent need to locate effective interventions for parents involved with child protection services (CPS), Oranga Tamariki in Aotearoa New Zealand. This article describes a qualitative research study that sought to understand: (1) the nature of service provision to families; (2) workers’ perceptions of challenges and effective treatment components in delivering intervention; and (3) effective practices for working with Māori. Participants were staff members working within NGOs, providing interventions to families with ongoing Oranga Tamariki involvement. Data comprised responses to semi-structured interviews (n = 9), interpreted using thematic analysis. Findings highlighted that all participants worked within family homes to deliver intervention, and drew on Te Whare Tapa Whā. Challenges included ongoing child maltreatment concerns and participants’ sense of responsibility for keeping children safe whilst being unable to do so adequately within their non-mandated roles. Perceived effective elements were: strong relationships, transparency, and having courageous conversations when needed. For indigenous clients, self-determination and the effects of colonisation were of prime importance. Themes highlighted responsive practice, with a pragmatic understanding that family priorities may not always align with professional views. This is consistent with international findings regarding challenges in delivering parenting interventions and identifies potential essential components for effective practice. HIGHLIGHTS Practitioners’ perceptions of essential elements to effective practice included: strong relationships, honesty, reciprocity, and directness regarding child protection concerns. Effective practices seen to be particular to working with Māori families were trusting, reciprocal relationships and ensuring self-determination and autonomy. Ethical tensions and a sense of complicity and helplessness at times were described, with ongoing child protection concerns evident during intervention for some families. Practitioners took a holistic approach to their work, expressing non-judgment, sympathy for, and understanding of the complex circumstantial and personal challenges faced by Oranga Tamariki-involved parents. Glossary of Māori terms: awhi: embrace, cherish; kaimahi: staff members; kanohi ki te kanohi: face to face; karakia: blessing; kaupapa Māori: Māori approach; kete: basket; kōrero: to speak; mana: prestige; manaakitanga: hospitality; mana whenua: people with rights over the land; marae: meeting house; Pākehā: New Zealander of European descent; pepeha: introduction; pēpi: baby; pono: true; pōwhiri: welcome ceremony; tamariki: children; tangata: people; tika: correct; tikanga: custom; tutū: mischevious; waiata: song; whakapapa: genealogy; whānau: family; whanaungatanga: relationship; whare: house.

Solar Passive House Conceptand Thermal System Design

This aricle puts forward a concept of family home enclosed in a greenhouse. Inspired by Naturhus and Earthship ideas, it leverages thermofluid technologies inspired by nuclear power passive cooling systems. The solar gain of the greenhouse allows for enhanced heating fuel efficiency in winter, while a system of solar-drive heat exchangers dissipates excess heat in summer. This general living qualities of such innovative housing concepts are discussed, followed by an outline of the computational challenges that need to be overcome by experiment-driven modelling, aiming for the demonstrator that successfully controls summer daily temperature peaks.

Receipt of social services intervention in childhood, educational attainment and emergency hospital admissions: longitudinal analyses of national administrative health, social care, and education data in Wales, UK

BackgroundResearch consistently finds poorer health and educational outcomes for children who have experienced out-of-home care relative to the general population. Few studies have explored differences between those in care and those in receipt of intervention from social services but not in care. Children receiving social services interventions often experience Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), and deprivation, which are known to negatively impact outcomes. We aimed to estimate the association of different social services interventions with educational outcomes and hospital admissions, while adjusting for ACEs and deprivation.MethodsWe linked retrospective, routinely collected administrative records from health, education, and social care to create a cohort via the Secure Anonymised Information Linkage (SAIL) databank in Wales, UK. We analysed data for children and household members (N = 30,439) across four different groups: [1] no social care intervention; [2] children in need but not in care (CIN); [3] children on the Child Protection Register but not in care (CPR); [4] children in care - i.e. removed from the family home and looked after by the local authority (CLA). Our primary outcome was education outcomes at age 16 years. Secondary outcomes were all cause emergency hospital admissions, and emergency admissions for external causes/injuries.ResultsChildren in receipt of social services intervention were more likely to not attain the expected level upon leaving statutory education at age 16 after adjusting for ACEs and other characteristics (for children who had been in out-of-home care (conditional OR: 1·76, (95%CI) 1·25 − 2·48), in need (2·51, 2·00–3·15) and those at risk (i.e., on the child protection register) (4·04, 2·44 − 6·68). For all-cause emergency admissions, all social care groups were at greater risk compared to children in the general population (children in care (conditional HR: 1·31, 1·01–1·68), children in need (1·62, 1·38 − 1·90), and children at risk (1·51, 1·11 − 2·04).ConclusionsAll groups receiving social service intervention experience poorer educational and health outcomes than peers in the general population. Children who remain with their home parents or caregivers but are identified as ‘in need’ or ‘at risk’ by social care practitioners require further research. Integrated support is needed from multiple sectors, including health, educational and social care.

The impact of economic, social and health crises on victims of domestic violence

Aim: The situation of victims of domestic violence and partner abuse becomes even more serious in crisis situations. There have been and are ongoing conflicts in the world, which have been scrutinised by economists, sociologists, criminologists, health professionals and lawyers alike in recent years. The latest related research worldwide provides a lot of important new information that can help prepare for the problem and provide professionally competent answers. Methodology: A selection of research conducted in different parts of the world. Summary reports were prepared to shed light on similarities and differences. Findings: It is clear from the processed literature that the individual forms of violence are connected in crisis situations and pose an even greater danger. Violence at the macro level, such as war, also increases violent conflict at the micro level. The crises caused by the fear of COVID, the lockdown, war conflicts, hunger, and the climate disaster spill over into family homes and make the victims of domestic violence and partner abuse even more vulnerable. Most of the processed materials analyse research born after COVID. The COVID–19 epidemic also provided many lessons regarding the management and prevention of the economic effects of future natural disasters and the associated increased domestic violence. Value: Analyses point to relationships that need further research and evaluation. In the future, macro- and micro-level violence research must be continued, common global results must be aggregated, and complex, global solutions must be developed. International organisations must continue to collect data and provide clear guidelines to public bodies and social organisations for the joint management of macro- and micro-level problems.

A gazdasági, társadalmi és egészségügyi válságok hatása a családon belüli erőszak áldozataira

Aim: The situation of victims of domestic violence and partner abuse becomes even more serious in crisis situations. There have been and are ongoing conflicts in the world, which have been scrutinized by economists, sociologists, criminologists, health professionals and lawyers alike in recent years. The latest related research worldwide provides a lot of important new information that can help prepare for the problem and provide professionally competent answers. Methodology: A selection of research conducted in different parts of the world. Summary reports were prepared to shed light on similarities and differences. Findings: It is clear from the processed literature that the individual forms of violence are connected in crisis situations and pose an even greater danger. Violence at the macro level, such as war, also increases violent conflict at the micro level. The crises caused by the fear of COVID, the lockdown, war conflicts, hunger, and the climate disaster spill over into family homes and make the victims of domestic violence and partner abuse even more vulnerable. Most of the processed materials analyse research born after COVID. The COVID-19 epidemic also provided many lessons regarding the management and prevention of the economic effects of future natural disasters and the associated increased domestic violence. Value: Analyses point to relationships that need further research and evaluation. In the future, macro- and micro-level violence research must be continued, common global results must be aggregated, and complex, global solutions must be developed. International organizations must continue to collect data and provide clear guidelines to public bodies and social organizations for the joint management of macro- and micro-level problems.

Key Drivers of Consumption, Conceptual, Sensory, and Emotional Profiling of Cheeses Based on Origin and Consumer Familiarity: A Case Study of Local and Imported Cheeses in Greece

The origin of a product, consumer familiarity, and purchasing identity are factors that affect the perception of cheese consumption. The present study aims at identifying consumers’ conceptualizations and attitudes towards local Greek cheeses of the North-Aegean Sea islands, such as Ladotyri, Graviera, Kasseri, Kaskavali, Melichloro, and Kalathaki, some of which have a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) status, as opposed to cheeses of non-Greek origin, such as Cheddar, Regatto, and Gouda. Sensory and emotional attributes of local, local PDO, and imported cheeses, as well as drivers associated with consumers’ choice and acceptance above and beyond their sensory attributes, were studied using three methods: (a) flash profile to gain insight into the sensory positioning of products and description of samples; (b) qualitative analysis of focus groups to pinpoint consumer knowledge, preference, and consumption criteria; and (c) a new methodology for natural language processing and sentiment analysis of social media posts to determine consumer conceptualizations. Social media posts have proven to be a valuable source of linguistic and cultural data for cheeses. Local cheeses, including PDO products, were found to be linked to village life and family gatherings, home, tradition, and childhood memories, with saltiness and hardness being their main sensory attributes. Imported cheeses were linked to fast food, pizza, and snacking, with elasticity and gumminess as prominent sensory qualities. The main criteria for purchase were intended usage and versatility, taste and texture, price, and familiarity. The findings provide key sensory attributes, information about consumer purchasing criteria, and relevant vocabulary for the promotion of cheeses as agri-food and gastronomic identity key products.

Love, support and structural holes: Māori whānau carer experiences in collective family care systems

Abstract As the population of Aotearoa New Zealand ages, informal family carers will play an increasingly important role in caring for older adults at home. Multi-generational living arrangements are a growing trend, particularly among Māori communities, where caring for older relatives within the family home is widespread. This article uses in-depth, semi-structured interviews with Māori whānau (extended family members) caring for kaumātua (older family members) at home to explore how carers experienced care coordination in the broader care collective. The findings centred on three interconnected factors that described the collective organisation of care: (1) whānau care as normal; (2) whānau care as collective coordination; and (3) whānau carer knowledge and needs as unseen. The findings show that although whānau care of kaumātua is highly valued, ‘structural holes’ within care systems contribute to challenges in care coordination. Despite extensive whānau support for kaumātua, primary carers often felt that their knowledge, preferences and self-care needs remained unseen and not translatable to those outside the everyday care situation. Rather than assuming an artificial binary difference between ‘collective’ and ‘individually oriented’ care contexts and cultures, analysing the cultural norms surrounding whānau care-giving confirms that collective care system members face similar and different challenges to carers with smaller caring capacities.

Do kindergartens mitigate or exacerbate socioeconomic inequalities in language exposure? The case of home-based and kindergarten-based shared book reading activities in China

Shared book reading is a well-established practice for boosting children’s language exposure and enhancing early development at home and in child care settings. The present study examined the socioeconomic gaps in home-based and kindergarten-based shared book reading practices in China. The participants were 1095 parents and 111 teachers in 69 classes from kindergartens in Chongqing, China. Differences in terms of the quantity of both home-based and kindergarten-based shared book reading across SES spectrums were tested. Multi-level modelling was conducted to examine the factors associated with the quantity of home-based and kindergarten-based shared book reading. The results revealed that the socioeconomic gap in home-based shared book reading and the resultant language exposure were significant. Family SES and home literacy resources were associated with the quantity of home-based shared book reading and the availability of literacy resources in the classroom is associated with the quantity of kindergarten-based shared book reading. Kindergartens did not mitigate the socioeconomic inequities of language exposure related to shared book reading. Intervention programs shall focus on improving access to both home-based and kindergarten-based literacy materials.

The relationship between the home literacy environment and development of orthographic skills in Chinese beginning readers

Within the framework of the home literacy model, this study investigated the relationship between home formal and informal literacy experiences and the development of orthographic skills among Chinese beginning readers. A total of 143 children and their parents participated in the study, with parents completing questionnaires on family background and home literacy environment, and children completing orthography identification and selection tasks. The results indicated that children who had just entered primary school could differentiate character-like stimuli from non-character-like stimuli and exhibited some knowledge of radicals and awareness of radical positions. Both home formal and informal literacy experiences were significantly correlated with children’s performance in various orthographic skills. However, after controlling for factors such as children’s age, gender, parents’ education, and family income, and simultaneously considering both formal and informal literacy experiences, only the informal literacy environment significantly predicted children’s performance on various orthographic skills. These findings suggest that home literacy environments, particularly informal home literacy experiences, play a crucial role in supporting the development of children’s orthographic skills.

PrivacyLens: On-Device PII Removal from RGB Images using Thermally-Enhanced Sensing

Internet-connected cameras support many useful home monitoring and health applications. However, these same cameras indiscriminately capture sensitive and Personally Identifiable Information (PII), limiting their acceptance in certain settings, such as the home. Prior works removed Region of Interest (ROI) to secure images and improve privacy. However, the methods that rely solely on RGB information to find persons are susceptible to environmental and lighting conditions, causing them to fail and leak PII. From our deployment study, nearly half of the images containing persons had a PII leakage when using RGB-only methods. Furthermore, ROI removal is often performed off-device, requiring the server performing these operations to be trustworthy. This work presents the PrivacyLens system, where with the addition of thermal sensing, our system has a significantly enhanced ability to find persons in RGB images and video and efficiently remove them on the device before any data is stored or transmitted, all while staying under typical IoT power constraints. From our aforementioned deployment study in an office-building atrium, family home, and outdoor park environment, the PrivacyLens prototype effectively removes PII with a sanitization rate of 99.1%. Additionally, PrivacyLens can use its embedded GPU to generate on-device features for downstream CV/ML tasks, as shown in three illustrative applications, further reducing the collection and storage of PII.

Exploring modalities and functions of social interaction initiated by toddlers in the U.S. during touchscreen play

ABSTRACT As technology becomes ubiquitous in the homes of many families, children learn to incorporate touchscreen devices into their everyday activities. The present study explored young children’s role in shaping their gaming experience to maintain social interactivity. Twenty-nine children at 2.5 years old in the U.S. played a non-educational game on a touchscreen in the presence of a researcher. We examined the temporal distribution and functions of toddlers’ active initiation of verbal and nonverbal social interactions. The results indicated modality differences. The toddlers tended to initiate verbal interactions in the middle segment of gaming and nonverbal interactions at the beginning. Moreover, toddlers who initiated a greater proportion of verbal (as opposed to nonverbal) interactions tended to amass more social interactions overall. Finally, the child-initiated interactions served functions of sharing success, seeking assistance, requesting a change, and inviting others to participate. Together, these findings provide insight into the social aspects of touchscreen gaming as toddlers navigate this new form of play.

Revisiting the Women’s Movement in India (1970s–80s) Through the Women’s Programme

The article charts the evolution of Ghar Parivar or Home and Family (1972-mid1980s) and Ghar Bahar or Home and Outside (1979- late 1980s) two early women’s programmes, from being classified ‘programme for minority’ in TV listings to becoming significant counter-public spheres that effectively mounted national discussions from a ‘women’s perspective’. A historic and contentious Ghar Bahar episode is examined as a media event, including an interview with a session’s judge about the unprecedented verdict in a dowry murder case that served as national testimony and led to significant legal reforms. The final section investigates how, despite rising from its marginal position to prime-time programming in the early 1980s, the women’s programme was co-opted by the state, which now closely monitored women’s issues and appropriated its distinct realist aesthetics to project a progressive image and media autonomy. Given the loss of original episodes, this case study employs textual historicism, relying on interviews, legal rulings, media reports, and a few available fragments of the women’s programme to reconstruct the significance of women’s shows and women producers in early Indian television.

The Problem and the Solution: Centering Taxation in the History of Civil Rights

When African-American history is done well, it allows us to see the places where inequality hides. Scholars in the areas of the history of capitalism, African-American history, and urban studies have popularized the language of historical phenomena such as white flight, redlining, and privatization, in the process of explaining the origins of contemporary challenges. A reasonably educated person understands that deindustrialization at mid-century led to job losses. Every May, pundits write essays about the failure to equalize schools as the nation memorializes the anniversary of the Brown v. Board of Education decision. Popular journalists Ta-Nehisi Coates and Nicole Hannah-Jones owe their careers to their study of historical work in order to leverage public-facing conversations from reparations for slavery to the politicization of the teaching of civil rights. Essentially, good history helps us search for the state practices and policies that soften the blow of inequality, assault human dignity, and normalize poverty. In his deeply researched and thoughtfully written book The Black Tax, Andrew Kahrl addresses another obscure mechanism that has historically worked to dispossess and disadvantage African Americans across regions and generations, and has ensnarled both landowners and tenants. Kahrl's book forces readers and scholars to think about the ways that a lack of federal authority and will to protect Black citizens allowed states and municipalities to assess, tax, and place liens on Black property—from vacant plots to farm land to family homes.

Examining the Impacts of Grid Tariff on the Economic Viability of Photovoltaic Energy: The Case of Residential Power Generation in Brazil

On-grid photovoltaic systems (PVs) hold immense potential as source of renewable energy, particularly in nations with abundant solar irradiation and large territories. Brazil, in particular, has emerged as a noteworthy example, driving an annual PV capacity installation rate above 150% since 2013. However, the recent Normative Resolution 1.059/2023, stablished by the National Electricity Energy Agency, has introduced grid tariff for utilizing grid infrastructure in Brazil. In light of this, our study aims to assess the impacts of this policy on the economic feasibility of medium-sized residential PVs (rooftops). Our finds demonstrated that the financial indicators for investing in on-grid PVs within medium-sized family homes in Brazil were very attractive prior to 2023, with an average Internal Return Rate (IRR) of 22.7% and a payback of 5.0 years. However, as consequence of the new policy these indicators will deteriorate and reach an average IRR of 15.7% and an average payback of 7.2 years, progressively until 2030. Additionally, it will increase almost 50% the PV electricity levelized cost. We recommend further research directions for policymakers and researchers encompassing several strategies for encouraging again the PV energy in the country, such as promoting joint procurement initiatives, and implementing subsidies for reducing photovoltaic system prices.

Implementation of an IoT architecture for promoting healthy air quality in 84 homes of families with children

IoT systems incorporating low-cost air quality sensors (LCS) have emerged as valuable tools for empowering citizens to take action to improve indoor air quality (IAQ). This work aimed to assess the effectiveness of a newly developed IoT system in promoting behavioural changes and improving IAQ in 84 homes of families with children. To accomplish this aim, a modular IoT architecture using calibrated LCS was developed to collect real-time data on CO2, temperature, relative humidity and particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) during a randomised cross-over trial (November 16, 2022–January 24, 2023). The intervention under study consisted of providing access to real-time IAQ data to participants and alerting them via a smartphone app when CO2, PM2.5, and/or PM10 concentrations were higher than the recommended limits. The findings showed that LCS readings were strongly correlated with those obtained from reference equipment. Nevertheless, long-term assessments revealed a signal degradation effect for the readings obtained from the LCS PM sensor. The comparison of IAQ data from control and intervention periods showed a significant alleviation of CO2 concentrations (mean reduction of 10.3 % in 52 out of 84 participant homes). Notably, about 70 % of participants recognized that data presented through the app motivated them to take valuable actions to enhance IAQ. Overall, this study constitutes a step forward to provide valuable field evidence on the strengths and limitations of using IoT systems based on LCS to empower citizens on the factors that may influence exposure to air pollution at home.

A Cursed Circle: Confronting Patriarchal and Colonizing Legacies in Silvia Moreno-Garcia's Mexican Gothic

Abstract: In Silvia Moreno-Garcia's Mexican Gothic (2020), the Doyle family home of High Place is a living, breathing structure. The home indelibly retains memories of dead women within its walls that it uses to communicate with the novel's protagonist, Noemí Taboada. Moreno-Garcia uses this supernatural home to address legacies of violence against women and minorities by staging the colonizer-colonized relationship for Noemí in areas of the home that are typically viewed as feminine or private, intimate spaces. She furthers this discussion by reshaping a typically European genre for a new audience while critically examining a contentious period of Mexico's history. Through an intersection of spatial theory, postcolonial theory, and ecocriticism, this essay analyzes the way Moreno-Garcia constructs a haunting domestic space to confront patriarchal and colonizing legacies that are often suppressed in cultural and literary memory.

“Complete Strangers Can Get through Your Front Door”: The Carly Ryan Murder, Teen Girls and the Internet in 2000s Australia

ABSTRACT On 21 February 2007, 15-year-old Carly Ryan’s body was found in the waters at Port Elliot in South Australia. A highly public investigation and trial followed, during which it was revealed that 48-year-old Melburnian man Garry Francis Newman had used a false online identity to seduce and lure Ryan to her death. In its coverage, the Australian media scrutinised Ryan’s online profiles and dramatised the dangers that cyberspace posed to young women. Examining these reports reveals wider anxieties over the internet blurring the boundary between public and private—a boundary historically assumed to keep young women safe. Journalists presented the online world as being both entirely public and inappropriately hidden from adult view. Cyberspace was framed as a place where young women could “act out” (self-sexualise) outside parents’ control and invite the “wrong” kind of attention. In this article, I contextualise this coverage within historic fears about stranger danger. I demonstrate how journalists drew from the contemporary debate in Australia surrounding the sexualisation of children in media—and its gendered nature. Further, I argue that the Australian media framed the internet as disrupting the idea of the family home as a safe haven and upsetting traditional parent–child relationships.

Closing the Gap: Foster Parents' Lived Experiences and Recommendations for Interdisciplinary Health-Care Providers.

Purpose: This study explored barriers and facilitators to utilizing health-care services for foster youth, from the perspective of foster parents. Background: There are nearly 437,283 youths in the United States foster care system. Youths living in locations that are different from their familial home situations have a significantly higher occurrence of physical and mental health illnesses than children who remain in their familial homes, increasing risk for homelessness, substance use and abuse, chronic long-term illnesses, and incarceration, thus placing additional burden on the health-care system. Design and Methods: This study utilized a qualitative descriptive design with purposive sampling, with video focus groups to explore 15 foster parents' experiences in accessing health-care services for foster youth. Results: Barriers and facilitators to accessing health care and care coordination were identified, including logistics, transportation, electronic health record access, location of health care, and the impact of the social worker. Practice Implications: Nurses are well-positioned to aid in closing gaps in care for foster youth. Conclusions: These experiences provide important insights and implications for health-care providers and for future research and policy development.