Home Server Research Articles

An autonomous blockchain‐based computational broker for e‐science

AbstractBlockchain infrastructures have emerged as a disruptive technology and have led to the realization of cryptocurrencies (peer‐to‐peer payment systems) and smart contracts. They can have a wide range of application areas in e‐Science due to their open, public nature and global accessability in a trustless manner. We propose and implement a smart contract called eBlocBroker, which is an autonomous blockchain‐based middleware system for volunteer computing and providing data resources for e‐Science. The eBlocBroker infrastructure connects requesters who need to combine applications (jobs) with datasets and run them via an Ethereum‐based private blockchain network (Bloxberg) on providers that utilize computational and data resources on clouds or home servers. It uses cloud storage, such as B2DROP, IPFS, or Google Drive, to store and transfer data between requesters and providers. Each provider utilizes the Slurm workload manager to execute jobs submitted through eBlocBroker. In this paper, we demonstrate how an autonomous organization programmed as a smart contract can be used to deploy a marketplace that supports data and computation‐intensive research projects. We propose a cost model implemented as a function in the smart contract which calculates and records computation and dataset usage costs. We develop a Python‐based system to communicate with eBlocBroker and orchestrate jobs' execution on the provider's end. We present eBlocBroker's features, infrastructure, implementation, algorithms and experimental results.

GROUPS ARE EASY, FEDERATING IS HARD

When Elon Musk took over Twitter in October 2022, many users sought a place of refuge, and Mastodon was seen as an early candidate. Mastodon is part of the Fediverse, a decentralized network of social media services. But people arriving in this network were confused, a problem that many chalked up to a clunky interface and a confusing user experience. Such a reading of the situation misses something much more fundamental. This reaction to Mastodon signals something important about a narrowed network imagination amongst some users, a narrowed imagination that is not shared by all. On Mastodon, users engage in labor-intensive federating practices – they manage both the internal dynamics of their home server and that server’s relations to other servers. Groups are relatively easy to create, but federation can be quite difficult. Federation faces a number of obstacles, but some groups, including far-right political activists, have effectively responded to those obstacles. Researchers should study not only federated social media but also the federating practices used by groups both online and offline, practices that move past the easy labor of group formation into the more difficult work of federation.

Securing Data using Audio Steganography for the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is prevalent in today's world and is part of our everyday life. While the residential district gains in several respects, numerous problems are developed, such as data confidentiality and privacy. The community is worried, in reality, about what information might leak through IoT. Therefore, the need for a protected environment is necessary if data transmission from devices across the network is to be protected. As a consequence, this paper proposes a secure scheme for using audio steganography to secure data from Laptop, which is distributed as an IoT device to other devices, or on LAN or WAN networks, as an alternative protection strategy along with a home server. The outcome of the developed system shows that the amount of distortion exposed by the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) is low.

Secure, ID Privacy and Inference Threat Prevention Mechanisms for Distributed Systems

This paper investigates facilitating remote collection of a patient’s data in distributed system while protecting the security of the data, preserving the privacy of the patient’s ID, and preventing inference attack. The paper presents a novel framework called SPID stand for a Secure, ID Privacy, and Inference Threat Prevention Mechanisms for Distributed Systems. In designing this framework, we make the following novel contributions. The SPID presents a novel architecture that supports the use of a distributed set of servers owned by different service providers. The SPID allows the patient to access these servers using certificates generated by the patient. The SPID allows the patient to select one server to be the home server, and select a number of servers to be the foreign servers. The patient uses the foreign servers to upload data. The home server is responsible for collecting the patient’s data from the foreign servers and sending them to the healthcare provider. The SPID proposes a method for efficient verification of each request from the patient without searching in the server’s database for the verification key. This is done by using some of the Elliptic Curves Cryptography (ECC) properties. The SPID has been analyzed using a bench-marking tool and evaluated using queuing theory. The evaluation results indicate an efficient performance when the number of servers increases. We uses Shannon entropy method to measure the likelihood of the inference attack.

A Study for Development of Digital Contents Management Systems Based on Smart Home

With the development of high-speed wireless LAN, the use of multimedia-type digital contents is increasing significantly even in the smart home environment. Therefore, it is very important to efficiently process and manage the use of digital content in the form of multimedia. In order to effectively process multimedia digital contents in the wireless LAN environment of a smart home, a server higher than the PC level is required. There is also a need for a support system that can exchange multimedia digital contents between clients of home appliances. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Smart Home Digital Contents Management and Operation System (SDCMOS) that effectively processes and supports multimedia digital contents. This system is designed to effectively process real-time multimedia processing in home service in a wireless LAN environment. In addition, it was made possible to efficiently search multimedia information directly from the home server. SDCMOS is designed to be usable in fields such as biomedical image search, history museums, art exhibition halls, tourism information, geographic information, and e-commerce.

Toward Privacy Protection of Sensed Biometric Features with Extended Visual Cryptography

The popularity of more powerful and smarter digital devices has improved the quality of life and poses new challenges to the privacy protection of personal information. Although traditional encryption algorithms are effective in most application scenarios, they may not be suitable in integrated sensing and communication environments due to their low processing capabilities. In this paper, we develop a novel extended visual cryptography scheme to store private information in separate databases, which eliminates the complex operations in privacy-preserving schemes based on cryptography and watermarking. Since shares do not reveal any feature about private sensed information, we can transmit sensitive information among sensors and smart home servers in plain. To abate the influence of noise due to the use of visual cryptography, we leverage the generalization ability of transfer learning to train a visual cryptography-based recognition network. Experimental results show that our proposed method keeps the high accuracy of the feature recognition system when providing security.

Implementasi Plex Media Server dan Adguard Home pada Raspberry pi sebagai Home Server

The computer revolution to this day continues to occur, current progress makes many variations of computer technology, especially those used for servers, Raspberry pi is a mini computer designed for minimalist servers. On the other hand, the high and fast flow of technology raises new problems, one of which is the issue of data security through threats embedded in advertisements and age-appropriate content filtering. This research was conducted using a Raspberry pi with Plex media server service and configuring a DNS Server to filter content with the Adguard Home application as Family protection. With the developments and problems above, it can be taken from the reliability of the Raspberry pi as a home server that was built and became a solution, with the service features of the plex media server and adguard home. Both server services can be used as a home server and family protection to maintain the security of data inserted through advertisements and content filtering, especially content in the form of video or sound.

System Architecture of Unobtrusive Sensors for Supporting Home Care and Independet Living

The paper deals with an implementation of unobtrusive sensors installed in home environment for continuous monitoring of functional-health parameters of the observed persons. A multi-tier architecture links sensory devices through sensor-data concentrators to a home server. Automated sensory measurements are supported by a concept of sensoractivated events, event-driven data transmission and processing by a dedicated application interface. Its logic and data structures are revealed. Examples of three typical execution scenarios are given and a short description depicts clinical installation of proposed system for testing purposes.

WITHDRAWN: Residential energy management system using IoT

In this work a residential energy management system is introduced and, that was developed through raspberry pi, wireless communication technology. An efficient method is proposed to monitor and control power consumption levels in the home. The home appliances are connected to Wi-Fi hubs in the room, and these Wi-Fi hubs communicate the power consumption levels and energy usage data. Based on the received data and users requirement, control commands are initiated, and the home appliances can be controlled automatically from the home server. Load sharing information will be displayed on the home server and webpage. If the power consumption levels exceed the user-determined threshold, the System will automatically switch off, and an SMS alert will be sent to the user.

A Remote Thermostat Control and Temperature Monitoring System of a Single-Family House using openHAB and MQTT

In this research, an open-source IoT platform named openHAB smart home automation is used as a home server, an ESP32 Thing microcontroller board is used to design a remote-control system for a thermal energy storage system. It consists of temperature sensors for real-time temperature monitoring, ESP32 Thing board is used for data receiving, processing and sending it to the MQTT broker, openHAB software installed in the personal computer is used as a home server for creating dashboard panel, MQTT broker is used to establishing the communication in between openHAB home server and ESP32 Thing board, Wi-Fi router is used to create the communication channel, a battery-powered remote-controlled heater with a digital thermostat is used as a testing device where user can set the desired temperature for house heating. The main objectives of this work are to design a low-cost monitoring and control system for thermal energy storage systems, to monitor the real-time temperature data, to design a control system for thermostat settings with the following features such as manual/automatic operations, local/remote control options. The user can access the dashboards locally via any computer and remotely via openHAB Cloud console from anywhere in the world. The proposed system in this work will help residence to manage their heating systems smartly in a cost-effective way, which will be the replacement of the conventional thermostat settings. The utility provider company can also use this system to control the thermostat settings from centrally, wirelessly, and remotely.

A Home Intrusion Detection System using Recycled Edge Devices and Machine Learning Algorithm

This paper proposes a home intrusion detection system that makes the best use of a retired smartphone and an existing Wi-Fi access point. On-board sensors in the smartphone mounted on an entrance door records signals upon unwanted door opening. The access point is reconfigured to serve as a home server and thus it can process sensor data to detect unauthorized access to home by an intruder. Recycling devices enables a home owner to build own security system with no cost as well as helps our society deal with millions of retired devices and waste of computing resources in already-deployed IT devices. In order to improve detection accuracy, this paper proposes a detection method that employs a machine learning algorithm and an analysis technique of time series data. To minimize energy consumption on a battery-powered smartphone, the proposed system utilizes as few sensors as possible and offloads all the computation to the home edge server. We develop a prototype and run experiments to evaluate accuracy performance of the proposed system. Results show that it can detect intrusion with probability of 95% to 100%.

Distributed Key-Value Storage for Edge Computing and Its Explicit Data Distribution Method

In this article, we provide a data framework for edge computing where developers can easily attain efficient data transfer between devices or users. We propose a distributed key-value storage platform for edge computing and its explicit data distribution management method. In this platform, edge servers organize the distributed key-value storage in a uniform namespace. To enable fast data access to a record in edge computing, the allocation strategy of the record and its cache on the edge servers is important. Our platform offers a distributed objects that can dynamically change home server and allocate cache objects following user defined rules. A rule is defined in a declarative manner and specifies where to place cache objects depending on the status of the target record and its associated records. We also integrate a push notification system using WebSocket to immediately notify events on a specified table. We evaluate the performance of our system using a messaging service application between mobile appliances.

A pairing‐free identity‐based handover AKE protocol with anonymity in the heterogeneous wireless networks

SummaryNowadays, seamless roaming service in heterogeneous wireless networks attracts more and more attention. When a mobile user roams into a foreign domain, the process of secure handover authentication and key exchange (AKE) plays an important role to verify the authenticity and establish a secure communication between the user and the access point. Meanwhile, to prevent the user's current location and moving history information from being tracked, privacy preservation should be also considered. However, existing handover AKE schemes have more or less defects in security aspects or efficiency. In this paper, a secure pairing‐free identity‐based handover AKE protocol with privacy preservation is proposed. In our scheme, users' temporary identities will be used to conceal their real identities during the handover process, and the foreign server can verify the legitimacy of the user with the home server's assistance. Besides, to resist ephemeral private key leakage attack, the session key is generated from the static private keys and the ephemeral private keys together. Security analysis shows that our protocol is provably secure in extended Canetti‐Krawczyk (eCK) model under the computational Diffie‐Hellman (CDH) assumption and can capture desirable security properties including key‐compromise impersonation resistance, ephemeral secrets reveal resistance, strong anonymity, etc. Furthermore, the efficiency of our identity‐based protocol is improved by removing pairings, which not only simplifies the complex management of public key infrastructure (PKI) but also reduces the computation overhead of ID‐based cryptosystem with pairings. It is shown that our proposed handover AKE protocol provides better security assurance and higher computational efficiency for roaming authentication in heterogeneous wireless networks.

Design and Verification of an NDN-Based Safety-Critical Application: A Case Study With Smart Healthcare

Internet of Things (IoT) is an emerging networking paradigm where smart devices generate, aggregate, and seamlessly exchange data over the predominantly wireless medium. The Internet, so far, has played a significant role in connecting the world, but still, IoT-based solutions are suffering from two primary challenges: 1) how to secure the sensors data and 2) how to provide efficient local and global communication among various heterogeneous devices. Recently, named data networking (NDN), a future Internet paradigm is proposed to improve and simplify such IoT communication issues. NDN allowed users to fetch data by names irrespective of the actual hosting entity connected through a host-specific IP address. NDN well suits the content-centric pattern of machine-to-machine (M2M) communications predominantly used in IoT. In this paper, we leverage the basic feats of NDN architecture for designing and verification of an NDN-based smart health IoT (NHealthIoT) system. NHealthIoT uses pure-NDN-based M2M communication for capturing and transmission of raw sensor data to the home server which can detect emergency healthcare events using Hidden Markov Model. Emergency events are notified to the cloud server using a novel context-aware adaptive forwarding (Cdf) strategy. Post emergency notifications, and user health information is periodically pulled by the cloud server and by other interested parties using NDN-based publish/subscribe paradigm. The cloud server carries out long-term decision making using probabilistic modeling for detecting the possibility of chronic diseases at the early stage. We extend the workflows intuitive formal approach model for verifying the correctness of NHealthIoT during the emergency. We evaluate the cdf strategy using ndnSIM. Moreover, to validate and to show the usability of NHealthIoT, we develop a proof-of-concept prototype testbed and evaluate it extensively. We also identify some research challenges of the NDN-IoT for researchers.

Anonymous roaming authentication protocol for wireless network with backward unlinkability, exculpability and efficient revocation check

Secure seamless roaming in a wireless network is desirable in today’s highly dynamic world. Providing revocation and non-traceability in an efficient two-party roaming authentication protocol is a challenging task. Conventional two-party protocols utilize pseudo-identities or group signature with revocation tokens to support non-traceability and strong user anonymity. Among the group signature based authentication schemes, only Priauth scheme has non-traceability or backward/forward unlinkability and the mobile user does not have to do any computation after each revocation. Despite all the advantages, Priauth scheme does not support exculpability or in other words the home server knows the group signing key of the mobile user. In case of dispute, the mobile user can deny that it generated signature because the mobile user and the home server both know the signing key of the mobile user. Thus, the mobile user cannot be held accountable. Moreover, Priauth has high revocation cost due to pairing operation performed for each revoked token in the revocation list during revocation checking at the foreign server. In addition, the existing group signature based authentication schemes are not provably secure in the random oracle model. We propose a provably secure two-party authentication protocol using group signature scheme which overcomes the weaknesses of Priauth scheme by supporting exculpability, backward unlinkability and using exponential operation instead of costlier pairing operation during revocation checking.

Anonymous roaming authentication protocol for wireless network with backward unlinkability and natural revocation

An anonymous secure roaming authentication protocol can be used in wireless network for authentication between a mobile device and a foreign server when the mobile device is away from its home network and wants to use the services of the foreign network. In a two-party roaming authentication protocol, a mobile user and a foreign server authenticate each other without the active help of the home server. Group signature-based protocols are the obvious choice for the design of two-party protocol due to inherent anonymous nature of group signature. Among the existing group signature-based roaming authentication protocols, only the protocol of Liu et al. supports natural revocation without periodic updates of the master public key at the mobile user and foreign server, but it does not support backward unlinkability. Therefore, we propose a two-party anonymous roaming authentication protocol in which the mobile user supports natural revocation along with backward unlinkability without periodic updates of either public key or private key. In addition, the proposed protocol is provably secure in the random oracle model.

A Plug and Play IoT Wi-Fi Smart Home System for Human Monitoring

The trend toward technology ubiquity in human life is constantly increasing and the same tendency is clear in all technologies aimed at human monitoring. In this framework, several smart home system architectures have been presented in literature, realized by combining sensors, home servers, and online platforms. In this paper, a new system architecture suitable for human monitoring based on Wi-Fi connectivity is introduced. The proposed solution lowers costs and implementation burden by using the Internet connection that leans on standard home modem-routers, already present normally in the homes, and reducing the need for range extenders thanks to the long range of the Wi-Fi signal. Since the main drawback of the Wi-Fi implementation is the high energy drain, low power design strategies have been considered to provide each battery-powered sensor with a lifetime suitable for a consumer application. Moreover, in order to consider the higher consumption arising in the case of the Wi-Fi/Internet connectivity loss, dedicated operating cycles have been introduced obtaining an energy savings of up to 91%. Performance was evaluated: in order to validate the use of the system as a hardware platform for behavioral services, an activity profile of a user for two months in a real context has been extracted.

A secure and privacy-preserving lightweight authentication protocol for wireless communications

ABSTRACTIn wireless networks, seamless roaming allows a mobile user (MU) to utilize its services through a foreign server (FS) when outside his home server (HS). However, security and efficiency of the authentication protocol as well as privacy of MUs are of great concern to achieve an efficient authentication protocol. Conventionally, authentication involves the participation of three entities (MU, HS, and FS); however, involving an HS in the authentication process incurs heavy computational burden on it due to huge amount of roaming requests. Moreover, wireless networks are often susceptible to various forms of passive and active attacks. Similarly, mobile devices have low processing, communication, and power capabilities.In this paper, we propose an efficient, secure, and privacy-preserving lightweight authentication protocol for roaming MUs in wireless networks without engaging an HS. The proposed authentication protocol uses unlinkable pseudo-IDs and lightweight time-bound group signature to provide strong user anonymity, and a cost-effective cryptographic scheme to achieve security of the authentication protocol. Similarly, we implement a better billing system for MUs and a computationally efficient revocation scheme. Our analysis shows that the protocol has better performance than other related authentication protocols in wireless communications in terms of security, privacy, and efficiency.

DESAIN DAN IMPLEMENTASI SISTEM SMART HOME BERBASIS WI-FI

The rapid development of mobile communication technology advances and cost reductions possible to incorporate mobile technology into the smart home system. We proposed a system of mobile and internet-based smart home consisting of a mobile phone with android, Internet-based applications, and server blynk. Home appliances can be controlled by an Arduino that receives commands from the server computer, which operates in accordance with commands received from the mobile application via a wifi network or the internet. In the proposed system, a home server is made using Wi-Fi technology that receives order from clients and orders will be processed through the Arduino, which allows users to control and monitor all the parameters associated with home using Andriod smart phone or via the internet. This study present the design of a low cost innovative and automated control based on weather conditions, the control apparatus, and home security together with android application to allow smart phones to send commands using blynk. Keywords: Smart Home, Arduino UNO, Wi-Fi, blynk

Smartphone-controlled optogenetically engineered cells enable semiautomatic glucose homeostasis in diabetic mice.

With the increasingly dominant role of smartphones in our lives, mobile health care systems integrating advanced point-of-care technologies to manage chronic diseases are gaining attention. Using a multidisciplinary design principle coupling electrical engineering, software development, and synthetic biology, we have engineered a technological infrastructure enabling the smartphone-assisted semiautomatic treatment of diabetes in mice. A custom-designed home server SmartController was programmed to process wireless signals, enabling a smartphone to regulate hormone production by optically engineered cells implanted in diabetic mice via a far-red light (FRL)-responsive optogenetic interface. To develop this wireless controller network, we designed and implanted hydrogel capsules carrying both engineered cells and wirelessly powered FRL LEDs (light-emitting diodes). In vivo production of a short variant of human glucagon-like peptide 1 (shGLP-1) or mouse insulin by the engineered cells in the hydrogel could be remotely controlled by smartphone programs or a custom-engineered Bluetooth-active glucometer in a semiautomatic, glucose-dependent manner. By combining electronic device-generated digital signals with optogenetically engineered cells, this study provides a step toward translating cell-based therapies into the clinic.