Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Spheres Research Articles

Constructing a mesoporous carbon nanobowls embedded with ultrafine CoSe2 Nanocrystals for High-Performance potassium ion battery electrode

In the quest for advanced electrode materials for potassium ion batteries (KIBs), an innovative anode featuring ultrafine CoSe2 nanocrystals embedded within mesoporous carbon nanobowls (CoSe2@MCNBs) is presented herein. Diverging from conventional hollow carbon nanospheres, the distinctive bowl structure is crafted to enhance the structural integrity and volumetric energy density of the electrodes. CoSe2@MCNBs synthesized using an iterative drop and dry method followed by selenization exhibit well-preserved morphology with a shell thickness of 20 nm. The successful integration of ultrafine CoSe2 nanocrystals into MCNBs imparts the nanobowls with the benefits of conventional hollow carbon-based composites, including abundant ion storage sites and high electrical conductivity. Simultaneously, the bowl structure boasts a higher packing density than the conventional hollow mesoporous carbon sphere (HMCS) structure, significantly augmenting the volumetric energy density of the fabricated electrode. Capitalizing on these advantages, the CoSe2@MCNB electrode displays exceptional cycling stability, achieving a reversible capacity of 523 mA h g−1 after 500 cycles at 0.5 A/g and an impressive rate capacity of 247 mA h g−1 at 2.0 A/g. This study demonstrates the strong potential of CoSe2@MCNB as an electrode material for the next generation of KIBs.

Dual carbon modification of few-layered ReS2 nanosheets to retard polysulfide shuttling for long-cycling sodium-ion batteries

Rhenium disulfide (ReS2) is promising to work as a robust host for sodium storage, owing to the extremely weak interlayer van der Waals interactions and large interlayer spacing. However, the low electronic conductivity and huge volume expansion seriously restrict high-rate capability and cycling lifespan. In this work, few-layered ReS2 nanosheets with carbon coating (ReS2/C) grown on the hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (HMCS) are designed to form the HMCS@ReS2/C architectures that have several merits for the sodium storage, attributed to the dual carbon modification and the hollow structure. (i) HMCS provides a large interior void to relieve the volume change during discharge/charge processes and superior structural stability for long-term cycling. (ii) The large hetero-interfacial contact can enhance electron/Na+ transport in ReS2, enabling accelerated reaction kinetics. (iii) The outer carbon layer formed on ReS2 surface is capable of inhibiting dissolution of polysulfide ions and their corrosion to the copper current collector, preventing the “under-voltage failure” phenomenon. Consequently, HMCS@ReS2/C delivers superior sodium storage performance, yielding excellent high-rate capability (211 mAh g−1 at 10 A g−1), long lifespan (4000 cycles at 10 A g−1) and stable cycling stability with an extremely low capacity decay rate of 0.0096% per cycle. The high-rate cyclability surpasses the record of ReS2-based anodes reported previously. Furthermore, the fabricated Na3V2(PO4)3║HMCS@ReS2/C full cells can also exhibit outstanding cycling performance.

Investigating oxidant-catalyst interactions in the persulfate system: Implications for efficient removal of phenolics and antibiotics

Persulfate (PS) activation by carbon catalyst holds both scientific and practical significance to curb the toxicity effects of organic pollutants in the natural water environment. Here, we investigated a relatively unfamiliar characteristics (i.e., oxidant-catalyst interaction) that influence the removal efficiency in PS activated system, utilizing N-doped mesoporous carbon hollow spheres (N-MCHS; size ∼385 nm) as a catalyst. The selection of this catalyst was motivated by its desired physicochemical characteristics such as high dispersibility, uniformly distributed pores and high specific surface area (1109 m2 g−1) for catalytic application. The removal performance was studied by degrading bisphenol A at very low PS (0.25 mM) and catalyst (10.0 mg L−1) concentrations. Through this study, we established a correlation between the surface charge of N-MCHS and PS interaction on the catalytic performance. Further, electron spin resonance (ESR) and radical scavenger studies were carryout out to prove the nonradical oxidation process. Electrochemical studies provided a strong evidence for PS complexation and electron transfer during oxidative removal of bisphenol A. Additional studies with different phenolics and antibiotics demonstrated that N-doping significantly accelerates the degradation rate and enhances the removal efficiency. The results of present study unveil the potential use of PS+N-MCHS in the degradation of different organic contaminants at low catalyst dosages.

Multiscale Regulation of Ordered PtCu Intermetallic Electrocatalyst for Highly Durable Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

Transforming the Pt-M alloy into an ordered intermetallic is an effective strategy to improve the electrocatalytic activity and stability toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, the synthesis of nanosized intermetallics remains challenging. Herein, we report an efficient ORR electrocatalyst, consisting of a monodisperse nanosized PtCu intermetallic on hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (HMCS). As predicted by theoretical calculations, PtCu intermetallics exhibit beneficial electronic structure, with a low theoretical overpotential of 0.33 V and enhanced Cu stability. Resulting from the multiscale modulation of catalyst structure, the O-PtCu/HMCS catalyst delivers a high mass activity of 2.73 A cm-2Pt at 0.9 V and remarkable stability. Identical location transmission electron microscopy (IL-TEM) investigations demonstrate that the rate of carbon corrosion is alleviated on HMCS, which contributes to the long-term durability. This work provides a promising design strategy for an ORR electrocatalyst, and the IL-TEM investigations offer new perspectives for the performance enhancement mechanism.

A new strategy for preparing high oil content PAO40@HMCs microcapsules for improving tribological properties of PA6 composites

Enhancing the tribological characteristics of polyamide 6 (PA6) represents an effective strategy for extending the service life of self-lubricating PA6 composites. In this investigation, hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (HMCs) with an average diameter of 10 μm were synthesized using the template method, and the crucial factors influencing HMCs preparation were thoroughly examined. Successful synthesis of polyalphaolefin oil-containing microcapsules (PAO40@HMCs) was achieved, utilizing HMCs as microcontainers and PAO40 lubricant as the core material. The self-lubricating PAO40@HMCs microcapsules exhibited a notable oil content of 76.0 wt%. The tribological properties of the prepared self-lubricating PA6 composites were significantly better than those of pure PA6. When the content of PAO40@HMCs microcapsules in the composite reached 7 wt%, the coefficient of friction (COF) for the PA6 composite decreased by 87.9% (from 0.420 to 0.051), and the wear loss was reduced by 80% (from 0.115 to 0.023 g/0.5h). Through an analysis of the morphology and transfer film of the wear surface and friction pair, it was evident that microcapsules played a pivotal role in enhancing the self-lubricating properties of PA6 composites.

Designing hollow mesoporous carbon sphere for high-rate supercapacitor in water-in-salt electrolyte

The expansion of the operational voltage in supercapacitors (SCs) through the utilization of water-in-salt electrolytes (WISEs) has garnered considerable attention for achieving elevated energy density. However, the poor rate performance of assembled SCs persists due to the heightened viscosity of WISEs (e.g., 17.0 mol kg−1 NaClO4), so designing the porous structure of electrode materials to improve the rate performance of SC in WISEs has become a research focus. In this study, we present a straightforward approach to fabricate hierarchical porous carbon spheres, designing to expedite ion infilling and transport within WISE-based SCs. The hollow porous carbon is synthesized via one-step pyrolysis process, wherein the decomposition of inner colloid particles yields gases, while the outer resorcinol–formaldehyde resin carbonizes to form a spherical shell. In the WISE of 17.0 mol kg−1 NaClO4, the resulting symmetric SCs exhibit an operational voltage of 2.6 V and significantly improved rate capability with a capacitance retention of 47.7 % at 100 A g−1. Notably, the energy density can reach 31.0 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 2.4 kW kg−1. Even under high power density conditions of 120.0 kW kg−1, the energy density of 14.7 Wh kg−1 can remain. Additionally, the SC device manifests an impressive capacitance retention of 99.1 % after 20,000 cycles, showcasing exceptional cyclic stability. This research introduces a novel synthesis strategy for hierarchical porous carbon materials, enabling the development of high-rate SCs with both elevated energy density and power density.

Spatial Confinement of Sn/TiO2 Nanoparticles in Hollow Mesoporous Carbon Spheres Opal for Stable Zn Metal Anodes

AbstractThe sluggish Zn2+ diffusion and high nucleation energy barrier induce uncontrolled growth of Zn dendrites and detrimental parasitic reactions, severely hampering the commercialization of Zn metal anodes (ZMAs). Herein, hollow mesoporous carbon sphere opal with confined Sn/TiO2 clusters (HMCSST) is designed as the host to spatially regulate the Zn deposition. Owing to the capillary effect of the ordered hierarchical porous structure, the mass diffusion can be dramatically accelerated to promote a fast deposition kinetics at the interface between ZMA and electrolyte. Besides, the encapsulated ultrafine Sn/TiO2 clusters serve as zincophilic sites to achieve both the uniform Zn deposition on the hierarchical porous opal host and the high thermodynamic stability of ZMAs. Benefiting from the structural and componential merits, the HMCSST host effectively reduces the activation energy to enable a temporal‐spatial ordering of Zn nucleation and growth. As expected, the stable HMCSST‐Zn electrode guarantees steady Zn platting/stripping with long‐term stability over 1300 h in a symmetrical cell at a depth of discharge of 37.5%. As a proof‐of‐concept demonstration, an HMCSST‐Zn||ammonium vanadate full cell shows a long lifespan over 5000 cycles at 10.0 A g−1 with low polarization.

Mesoporous carbon spheres with programmable interiors as efficient nanoreactors for H2O2 electrosynthesis

The nanoreactor holds great promise as it emulates the natural processes of living organisms to facilitate chemical reactions, offering immense potential in catalytic energy conversion owing to its unique structural functionality. Here, we propose the utilization of precisely engineered carbon spheres as building blocks, integrating micromechanics and controllable synthesis to explore their catalytic functionalities in two-electron oxygen reduction reactions. After conducting rigorous experiments and simulations, we present compelling evidence for the enhanced mass transfer and microenvironment modulation effects offered by these mesoporous hollow carbon spheres, particularly when possessing a suitably sized hollow architecture. Impressively, the pivotal achievement lies in the successful screening of a potent, selective, and durable two-electron oxygen reduction reaction catalyst for the direct synthesis of medical-grade hydrogen peroxide disinfectant. Serving as an exemplary demonstration of nanoreactor engineering in catalyst screening, this work highlights the immense potential of various well-designed carbon-based nanoreactors in extensive applications.

Hollow core mesoporous carbon spheres as catalyst support for improved platinum utilization in phosphoric acid fuel cells

Using a well-known sol-gel technique, monodispersed silica spheres measuring 380 nm in size are generated in situ. These silica spheres serve as a template for the synthesis of hollow core mesoporous shell (HCMS) carbon spheres. Inside the pores of the template, a polymer is synthesized using azoisobutyronitrile and divinylbenzene polymerization route. Polymer carbonization followed by template remotion yielded HCMS carbon spheres. This HCMS carbon is mesoporous and offers uniform Pt crystallite distribution for acid fuel cell applications. As-prepared HCMS carbon is examined by field emission gun SEM, TEM, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherm (BET surface area and BJH pore size distribution analysis), and apparent density using Helium pycnometry. The HCMS carbon obtained demonstrates a BET surface area of 623 m2g-1, showcasing a uniform pore size distribution centered at 3.8 nm. This specific characteristic renders it an ideal support material for fuel cell catalysts. The electrochemical studies reveal the key parameters like corrosion resistance, bulk electrical conductivity, the electrochemical surface area of Pt chemically deposited on HCMS carbon, and unit fuel cell performance under phosphoric acid environment. These parameters are compared with the standard carbon powder, Vulcan XC72R and a commercial catalyst to evaluate the HCMS carbons’ suitability for fuel cell applications.

Yolk-shell construction of Co0.7Fe0.3 modified with dual carbon for broadband microwave absorption

The rational and effective combination of multicomponent materials and the design of subtle microstructure for efficient microwave absorption are still challenging. In this study, carbon-coated CoFe with heterogeneous interfaces was space-restricted in the void space of hollow mesoporous carbon spheres through a facile approach involving electrostatic adsorption and annealing, and a high-performance microwave absorber (MAs) (denoted as Co0.7Fe0.3@C@void@C) was successfully prepared. The heterostructure, three-dimensional lightweight porous morphology, and electromagnetic synergy strategy enabled the Co0.7Fe0.3@C@void@C material with yolk-shell structure to exhibit surprising microwave absorption properties. When the annealing temperature and filler loading were 550° C and 15 wt%, respectively, the composites exhibited an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 7.16 GHz at 2.48 mm and a minimum reflection loss of −24.1 dB at 2.11 mm. A maximum EAB of 7.21 GHz at 2.37 mm could be achieved for the composite prepared with an annealing temperature of 650° C. In addition, radar cross-section experiments demonstrated, the potential practical applicability of Co0.7Fe0.3@C@void@C. This work expands a new avenue to develop high-performance and lightweight MAs with ingenious microstructure.

Mesoporous carbon hollow spheres loaded with Fe/Fe3C as efficient solar vapour generation materials

An evaporator has two major advantages: excellent interfacial evaporation efficiency and organic pollution treatment capacity.

Facile synthesis of MoS2 confined in yolk-shell hollow mesoporous carbon spheres with enhanced polysulfide binding for high-rate Li-S batteries

Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries are one of the most potential energy storage systems because of their high theoretical density, environmental friendliness. However, the practical application of Li-S batteries is currently hampered by several intrinsic problems including the shuttle effects of polysulfides and sluggish electrode reaction kinetics. Herein, a flower-like MoS2 nanosheets confined and in situ grown inside yolk-shell hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (abbreviated as MoS2 @YHMCs) was fabricated as advanced sulfur immobilizer, which can effectively inhibit shuttle effect and conversion of polysulfides. The yolk-shell hollow mesoporous carbon spheres can restrain the volume variation during lithiation-delithiation processes, expose abundant active interfaces and furnish a shortened ion/electron transmission route for facilitated redox reactions. Furthermore, the few layered MoS2 nanosheets have strong LiPS adsorption and catalyzation, thereby achieving rapid redox conversion and enhanced reaction kinetics. Owing to these structural advantages, the delicately-designed MoS2 @S@YHMCs cathode shows good Li-S battery performance, i.e., high initial discharge capacity (1145 mAh g−1), desirable rate capability (770 mAh g−1 at 4 C), and superior cycling performance (583 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles at 1 C), suggesting great application prospects in the development of Li-S batteries.

Functional separator with 1 T/2H-MoSe2 nanosheets decorated nitrogen and sulfur co-doped mesoporous hollow carbon spheres for high-performance Li-S batteries

Due to the dissolution, shuttling, and tardy kinetics conversion of lithium polysulfides (LiPSs) during cycling, there are serious defects in the utilization of active material and capacity retention ability for lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). To inhibit effectively the shuttling effect of LiPSs, herein, we propose the dual design strategies, using 1 T/2H mixed phase MoSe2 (1 T/2H-MoSe2) nanosheets uniformly growing on the external surface and inner wall of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped mesoporous hollow carbon spheres (MoSe2-NSHC) as both sulfur host and modified material of conventional polypropylene (PP) separator. The hollow structure of MoSe2-NSHC has a large specific surface area and internal space, which not only loads a large amount of sulfur, but also buffers severe volume expansion of sulfur during charge/discharge process. Meanwhile, 1 T/2H-MoSe2 and co-doped nitrogen and sulfur in the carbon skeleton effectively anchor LiPSs and accelerate the kinetics conversion of LiPSs by forming chemical bond. Density-functional theory calculations indicate the corresponding mechanisms. Based on these advantages, lithium-sulfur battery assembled with a MoSe2-NSHC/S cathode and a MoSe2-NSHC-PP separator delivers an initial discharge capacity of 1402 mAh/g at 0.2C, and also exhibits the first discharge capacity of 1155 mAh/g at 0.5C with a capacity retention rate of 79 % after 100 cycles. And after 800 cycles at 1C, the outstanding long-term cyclability with a low capacity decay per cycle of 0.039 % is also obtained. Notably, even in case of sulfur loading of 3.2 mg cm−2 and electrolyte/sulfur ratio of 6 μL mg−1, lithium-sulfur battery still exhibits a good electrochemical performance. Importantly, this work provides a feasible approach for commercial application of LSBs.

Confinement pyrolysis of FeCo dual-single atoms electrocatalyst for significantly boosting oxygen reduction reaction and rechargeable Zn-air battery

To address the energy crisis, it is critical to pursuit economic, high-energy density and stable electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). Herein, N,P-codoped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres supported FeCo dual-single atoms (FeCo-N,P-HCS) are synthesized via one-step confinement pyrolysis of the mixed metal salts, hollow mesoporous carbon spheres and dicyandiamide. Impressively, the gained FeCo-N,P-HCS exhibited a positive onset potential (Eonset = 1.01 V) and half wave potential (E1/2 = 0.85 V) in a 0.1 M KOH electrolyte, revealing the superior ORR characteristics. Later on, the FeCo-N,P-HCS assembled Zn-air battery displayed an open circuit voltage of 1.491 V, a high power density of 140 mW cm−2 and great cyclic stability over the Pt/C + RuO2 based counterpart. This research affords some constructive insights for searching high-efficiency catalyst in relevant energy storage and conversion fields.

Formulating N-Doped Carbon Hollow Nanospheres with Highly Accessible Through-Pores to Isolate Fe Single-Atoms for Efficient Oxygen Reduction.

It is challenging yet promising to design highly accessible N-doped carbon skeletons to fully expose the active sites inside single-atom catalysts. Herein, mesoporous N-doped carbon hollow spheres with regulatable through-pore size can be formulated by a simple sequential synthesis procedure, in which the condensed SiO2 is acted as removable dual-templates to produce both hollow interiors and through-pores, meanwhile, the co-condensed polydopamine shell is served as N-doped carbon precursor. After that, Fe─N─C hollow spheres (HSs) with highly accessible active sites can be obtained after rationally implanting Fe single-atoms. Microstructural analysis and X-ray absorption fine structure analysis reveal that high-density Fe─N4 active sites together with tiny Fe clusters are uniformly distributed on the mesoporous carbon skeleton with abundant through-pores. Benefitted from the highly accessible Fe─N4 active sites arising from the unique through-pore architecture, the Fe─N─C HSs demonstrate excellent oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance in alkaline media with a half-wave potential up to 0.90V versus RHE and remarkable stability, both exceeding the commercial Pt/C. When employing Fe─N─C HSs as the air-cathode catalysts, the assembled Zn-air batteries deliver a high peak power density of 204mWcm-2 and stable discharging voltage plateau over 140h.

Covalent sulfur confined in mesoporous hollow carbon spheres for effective kinetic regulation of room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries have attracted extensive attention as a cost-effective and high theoretical energy density next-generation energy storage systems. However, the insulating nature of sulfur, the sluggish reactivity of sulfur with sodium, and severe dissolution of polysulfide are the main challenges of this technology. Here, we propose a covalent sulfur bond breakage mechanism by bonding of sulfur chain onto the inner cavity of the sulfydryl-functionalized mesoporous hollow carbon spheres (MHCS) to efficiently promote the generation of short-chain sodium polysulfide and accelerate polysulfide redox kinetics. The covalent sulfur confined MHCS (S@MHCS) cathode delivers an unprecedented rate capability (250 mAh g−1 at 5 C) and exhibits excellent long-term cycling stability over 1000 cycles at 1 C with a high cathode loading of 5 mg cm−2. Moreover, the associated electrochemical reaction mechanism is also revealed by ex-situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical calculation. This work introduces a novel sulfur cathode design to enhance the performance of room-temperature sodium-sulfur batteries.

Nitrogen-doped hollow mesoporous carbon spheres for efficient oxygen reduction

Extensive investigations have been devoted to nitrogen-doped carbon materials as catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in various conversion technologies. In this study, we introduce nitrogen-doped carbon materials with hollow spherical structures. These materials demonstrate significant potential in ORR activity within alkaline media, showing a half-wave potential of 0.87 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE). Nitrogen-doped hollow carbon spheres (N-CHS) exhibit unique characteristics such as a thin carbon shell layer, hollow structure, large surface area, and distinct pore features. These features collectively create an optimal environment for facilitating the diffusion of reactants, thereby enhancing the exposure of active sites and improving catalytic performance. Building upon the promising qualities of N-CHS as a catalyst support, we employ heme chloride (1 wt%) as the source of iron for Fe doping. Through the carbonization process, Fe-N active sites are effectively formed, displaying a half-wave potential of 0.9 V versus RHE. Notably, when implemented as a cathode catalyst in zinc-air batteries, this catalyst exhibits an impressive power density of 162.6 mW cm−2.

Coupling high entropy oxide with hollow carbon spheres by rapid microwave solvothermal strategy for boosting oxygen evolution reaction

High entropy oxides (HEOs) are promising oxygen evolution electrocatalysts due to the unique structure, inherent tunability, as well as excellent catalytic activity and stability. Herein, (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4 nanoparticles coupling with the hollow-mesoporous carbon spheres (HCS) has been designed and fabricated by a rapid and efficient microwave solvothermal followed by annealing. The prepared (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4 nanoparticles are highly dispersed on the HCS surface with an average particle size of approximately 3.3 nm. The composite with large surface areas can facilitate mass transfer and gas release, and it allows more active sites to be exposed. The obtained (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4/hollow-mesoporous carbon sphere composite catalyst with the optimal HEO load (HEO/HCS-3) exhibits outstanding oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalytic performance with a low overpotential of 263 mV at 10 mA cm−2, and a small Tafel slope of 41.24 mV dec−1, better than the pure (FeCoNiCrMn)3O4 and commercial RuO2 catalyst. The long-term durability of HEO/HCS-3 is also achieved by continuous electrolysis in 1 M KOH solution for more than 100 h. The outstanding catalytic performance of the composite can be ascribed to the clever structural design and the well-matched synthetic method. This research can guide the construction of high-efficient OER catalysts.

High phase purity of stable 1T-phase Co-doped WS2 for full pH hydrogen evolution reaction in water and seawater

Metallic 1T phase transition metal dichloride (TMDs) shows excellent catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), but stabilization of 1T phase TMDs is still challenging. Herein, the Finke-type POMs K10[Co4(H2O)2(PW9O34)2] [Co4(PW9)2] was used for the first time as a precursor to obtaining size ∼ 4 nm, highly dispersed 1T-WS2 in the hollow mesoporous carbon sphere (HMCS) by the effect of confinement, named 1T-CoWS/HMCS. 1T-WS2 was obtained based on the natural Co-W atomic interface of POMs and further enhanced dispersion at the molecular and nano scales. 1T-CoWS/HMCS only requires ultralow overpotential with high electrocatalytic surface area and robust stability in water and seawater. According to DFT calculations, the Co-S-edge site of 1T-CoWS significantly reduced the rate-limiting step of HER as the predominant active site. This work provides a worthy reference for the synthesis of high-quality metastable TMDs.

An electrochemical sensor for sunset yellow detection based on hollow mesoporous carbon spheres

The control and detection of sunset yellow (SY) are very important due to the high risk of harmful effects on humans caused by excessive intake. In this work, we reported the synthesis of hollow mesoporous carbon spheres (HMCS) and their application in developing a novel electrochemical sensor for SY. Initially, three hollow carbon spheres with different sizes and pore structures were synthesized by adjusting the ratio of TPOS and TEOS using the hard-templating approach. In comparison, HMCS showed the smallest diameter (290 nm), the largest surface area (2229.1 m2g-1), and a high content of mesoporous structure. This provides a structural basis for high-efficiency pre-concentration of SY on the surface of the HMCS-modified electrode, which effectively improves its electrocatalytic activity. Under optimized conditions, the HMCS/GCE sensor showed a wide linear range varying from 0.0015−4 µM, with an ultralow LOD (0.12 nM). Moreover, the HMCS/GCE sensor was deployed for the detection of SY with the advantages of impressive anti-interference ability, satisfactory reproducibility, good repeatability as well as long-term stability. The proposed sensor has been successfully used for the detection of SY in food samples with spiked recoveries of 91.1-103.3%, showing the promising application of the method for the detection of SY in the food matrix.