Holiday Beach Research Articles

UK meteotsunamis: a revision and update on events and their frequency

<scp>UK</scp> meteotsunamis: a revision and update on events and their frequency

Process of Recruitment &amp; Selection in Havelock Holiday Beach Resort

Better enrollment and decision methodology realize improved legitimate outcomes. With reference to this one of a kind circumstance, the investigation paper entitled Recruitment and Selection has been set up to put a light on Recruitment and Selection process. The essential objective is to perceive general practices that affiliations use to enlist and pick delegates and, to choose how the selection and decision practices impact progressive outcomes at SMC Global Securities Ltd. The assessment framework associated is the exploratory. The data was accumulated through all around composed reviews. The wellspring of data was both fundamental and discretionary. Test size was 30. Data examination has been done with the help of SPSS programming. The association considered portals the most noteworthy method of getting delegates. The delegates working in the association consider the laborer references are one of the most trustworthy wellspring of obtaining the new agents. Association reliably takes in idea the cash sparing bit of leeway extent.

Automated building image extraction from 360° panoramas for postdisaster evaluation

AbstractAfter a disaster, teams of structural engineers collect vast amounts of images from damaged buildings to obtain new knowledge and extract lessons from the event. However, in many cases, the images collected are captured without sufficient spatial context. When damage is severe, it may be quite difficult to even recognize the building. Accessing images of the predisaster condition of those buildings is required to accurately identify the cause of the failure or the actual loss in the building. Here, to address this issue, we develop a method to automatically extract pre‐event building images from 360° panorama images (panoramas). By providing a geotagged image collected near the target building as the input, panoramas close to the input image location are automatically downloaded through street view services (e.g., Google or Bing in the United States). By computing the geometric relationship between the panoramas and the target building, the most suitable projection direction for each panorama is identified to generate high‐quality 2D images of the building. Region‐based convolutional neural networks are exploited to recognize the building within those 2D images. Several panoramas are used so that the detected building images provide various viewpoints of the building. To demonstrate the capability of the technique, we consider residential buildings in Holiday Beach in Rockport, Texas, United States, that experienced significant devastation in Hurricane Harvey in 2017. Using geotagged images gathered during actual postdisaster building reconnaissance missions, we verify the method by successfully extracting residential building images from Google Street View images, which were captured before the event.

Polychaete worm tubes modify juvenile northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra depth distribution in Kodiak nurseries

We have observed inter-annual variability in the depth distribution of juvenile northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra on their nursery grounds around Kodiak Island, Alaska. This study evaluates whether this variability is a response to inter-annual changes in the availability of habitat created by polychaete tubes; principally Sabellides sibirica. We suspect that worm tubes constitute an alternative refuge and/or feeding habitat for juvenile flatfish. Accordingly, we hypothesized that during years of low worm abundance, fish would concentrate in the shallows (<10m depth) where they find refuge from predation, but would move to greater depths (>15m, where the worms occur) during years when the worms were abundant. Using data on worm abundance and fish density over 5yr, we tested this hypothesis at 2 Kodiak nursery embayments. Whether worms were abundant in a given year or embayment had no influence on overall fish abundance, however, worm abundance did influence juvenile flatfish depth distributions. At Holiday Beach, where worms tended to be scarce, fish were typically concentrated in shallow water. However, during the 1year when worms were abundant, fish were concentrated in deeper water. At Pillar Creek Cove, where worms are more regularly found, fish tended to concentrate in deeper water, the exception being the one year when worms were nearly absent. Regression analysis for both sites and all years indicated that the percent of fish occupying shallow water (<10m) decreased with increasing worm abundance. When worms were prevalent, fish were most commonly found on bottom with sparse to moderate worm cover, but avoided bottom where the worms were so dense as to form a ‘turf’. These results demonstrate that the geographic and inter-annual variation in worm tube abundance has significant influence over the distribution of juvenile northern rock sole.

Occurrence and predictive correlations of Escherichia coli and Enterococci at Sandpoint beach (Lake St Clair), Windsor, Ontario and Holiday beach (Lake Erie), Amherstburg, Ontario

Point and nonpoint sources contribute to fecal contamination of surface waters by human pathogens that exist at low concentrations and are difficult, expensive, and/or impossible to easily detect. Therefore, fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are used as surrogates in identification of fecal contamination, including Escherichia coli (EC) and Enterococcus spp. (ENT), at recreational beaches to protect from adverse health effects from exposure to water-borne pathogens. The objective of the current study was to conduct a preliminary investigation of the environmental processes contributing to the nature and significance of FIB (EC and ENT) over 30 d at Sandpoint beach (Windsor, Ontario) and Holiday beach (Amherstburg, Ontario). Daily, three 100 mL samples were collected for EC and ENT for analysis by Colilert® and Entrolert®, respectively. Additionally, physicochemical and hydrometerological data were measured or taken from data archives. Both EC and ENT populations were dynamic and well correlated to each other (p &amp;lt; 0.05; analysis of variance (ANOVA)) and both FIB correlated with turbidity and wave height (p &amp;lt; 0.10; ANOVA). Despite being geographically close and therefore having similar meteorological data, both beaches exhibited markedly different FIB, turbidity and wave height data, suggesting that beach-specific data should be considered for any future predictive applications.

Simulating water content, crop yield and nitrate-N loss under free and controlled tile drainage with subsurface irrigation using the DSSAT model

Abstract In southwestern Ontario, rain-fed crop production frequently fails to achieve its yield potential because of growing-season droughts and/or uneven rainfall distribution. The objective of this study was to determine if the Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) v4.5 model could adequately simulate corn and soybean yields, near-surface soil water contents, and cumulative nitrate-N losses associated with regular free tile drainage (TD) and controlled tile drainage with optional subsurface irrigation (CDS). The simulations were compared to observations collected between 2000 and 2004 from both TD and CDS field experiments on a Perth clay loam soil at the Essex Region Conservation Authority demonstration farm, Holiday Beach, Ontario, Canada. There was good model-data agreement for crop yields, near-surface (0–30 cm) soil water content and cumulative annual tile nitrate-N loss in both the calibration and validation years. For both TD and CDS, the CENTURY soil C/N model in DSSAT simulated water content and cumulative tile nitrate-N loss with normalized root mean square error (n-RMSE) values ranging from 9.9 to 14.8% and 17.8 to 25.2%, respectively. The CERES-Maize and CROPGRO-Soybean crop system models in the DSSAT simulated corn and soybean yields with n-RMSE values ranging from 4.3 to 14.0%. It was concluded that the DSSAT v4.5 model can be a useful tool for simulating near-surface soil water content, cumulative tile nitrate-N losses, and corn and soybean yields associated with CDS and TD water management systems.

Testing the shallow water refuge hypothesis in flatfish nurseries

The 'shallow water refuge hypothesis' (SWRH) holds that predation upon juvenile fish and crustaceans is reduced in shallow water because larger predatory fish increase in abundance with depth. We tested predictions of this hypothesis in 2 Kodiak Island flatfish nurseries, Pillar Creek Cove and Holiday Beach, using baited camera, tethering and video sled techniques. Baited camera deployments during 2007 indicated that predators increased with depth in both nurseries. In the same year, tethering indicated increased mortality of juvenile flatfish with increased depth. In con- trast, video sled data from 2003 and 2004 indicated that predator abundance increased with depth at Holiday Beach, but not at Pillar Creek Cove. At Holiday Beach, juvenile abundance decreased rapidly with depth, while at Pillar Creek Cove abundance increased slightly with depth. Thus, preda- tor-predation distribution over 3 yr at Holiday Beach was consistent with the SWRH, while at Pillar Creek Cove it was more variable. Although the SWRH is normally considered in the context of waters <2 m in depth, our results suggest that it may have efficacy for deeper water, with the relative depth distribution of predators and suitable juvenile habitat being more relevant than absolute depth.

Quantifying thermal effects on contemporary growth variability to predict responses to climate change in northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra)

Understanding the causes of contemporary variation in growth rates can offer insights into the likely consequences of climate change for growth and recruitment of coastal marine fishes. We examined the growth dynamics of age-0 northern rock sole ( Lepidopsetta polyxystra ) over four years in three nurseries at Kodiak Island, Alaska, USA. Following the settlement period, fish were sampled monthly (July–October) with a 3 m beam trawl at fixed-position transects. Postsettlement sizes were positively related to temperatures during the spawning and larval periods, suggesting environmental control of spawning or settlement timing. Summer growth on the nursery grounds varied significantly among sites and years (mean size 32.8–63.1 mm in mid-September), with the Holiday Beach site consistently supporting the fastest growth rates. Contrary to expectations of density dependence and thermal regulation, nursery ground growth rates were not significantly correlated with fish density or water temperatures. The minor contribution of thermal variation to growth rates appears related to the conservative growth strategy and low thermal sensitivity of northern rock sole. These results suggest that climate changes influencing spawning time and larval growth may have larger impacts on first-year growth and recruitment of this species than temperature effects on the growth of nursery-resident juveniles.

Divergent foraging strategies of three co-occurring north Pacific flatfishes

Despite facing similar constraints imposed by the environment, significant variation in life history traits frequently exists among species generally considered to comprise a single ecological guild. For juvenile flatfishes, constraints on foraging activity include variation in light and prey availability, as well as predation risk. This paper describes the visual constraints on, and divergent foraging strategies of three co-occurring north Pacific flatfish species, northern rock sole (Lepidopsetta polyxystra), Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis), and English sole (Pleuronectes vetulus). Visual foraging abilities measured in the laboratory decreased rapidly below 10−4 μmol photons·m−2 s−1, and were similar among species. Despite similar sensory constraints, field sampling in August 2004 at a Kodiak Island nursery site (Holiday Beach, 57o41.2′ N, 152o27.7′ W) identified species differences in diets, diel foraging patterns, and within-nursery depth distributions. Northern rock sole and English sole fed primarily on bivalve siphons and polychaetes, whereas mysids dominated the diets of Pacific halibut. Northern rock sole were geographically the most widespread but feeding activity was temporally restricted to the dusk period. Pacific halibut were rare in shallow depths (<5 m) and fed most intensively prior to dusk. English sole fed throughout the daylight hours and were abundant only in the shallowest (<5 m) habitats. These differences in diets, foraging times, and habitat use appear related to previously documented species-specific behavioral characteristics as well as general spatial (increasing with depth) and temporal (increasing during foraging activity) variations in predation risk. At one extreme, the conservative behavioral strategy of northern rock sole may permit use of a broader range of foraging habitats, whereas English sole may be restricted to shallow water by limited behavioral responses to predation threat. These observations demonstrate that the appearance of habitat partitioning is not due to differences in sensory ability, but reflects multi-faceted, species-specific responses to the ecological tradeoffs between foraging and predation risks.

Temporal and spatial variation in potential and realized growth rates of age‐0 year northern rock sole

The possibility of prey limitations on the growth performance of age‐0 year northern rock sole Lepidopsetta polyxystra was evaluated at three sites along the north‐east coast of Kodiak Island, Alaska, U.S.A., by comparison of observed to potential growth rates. Growth potential was measured in the laboratory across the range of temperatures encountered by this species during the first summer of life. Growth potential (gL, mm day−1) increased with water temperature (T) between 2 and 13° C, according to: gL = 0·0151 + 0·3673·log10(T). There were significant differences in growth rate between the three field sites such that Holiday Beach fish were 7·1 mm longer than Shakmanof Beach fish by mid‐September, with Pillar Creek Cove fish of intermediate size. Temperature differences between sites accounted for less than half of this variation. The remainder may have been related to differences in prey availability among the sites in association with observed differences in sediment characteristics. In addition to the spatial variability, there was significant monthly variation in growth performance. Realized growth rates between July and August were in excess of 85% of potential. Between August and September, however, realized growth fell to 43–71% of potential indicating a decline in conditions for growth. The spatial variation in growth rates was not density‐dependent as the site with the highest fish densities (Holiday Beach) also supported the highest growth rates. The available data indicates that for this subtidal species, interannual variation in growth may be more important than site variation.