History Of Problematic Alcohol Use Research Articles

Co-occurrence of food addiction, obesity, problematic substance use, and parental history of problematic alcohol use.

The present study investigates the rates of co-occurrence among food addiction (FA), problematic substance use (alcohol, cannabis, cigarettes, nicotine vaping), parental history of problematic alcohol use, and obesity as an important step to understanding whether an addictive-like eating phenotype exists. A community sample of 357 U.S. adults (49.7% male, 77.6% White, Mage 40.7) completed the Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 (YFAS2.0), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, the Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test, the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence, the E-Cigarette Dependence Scale, the Family Tree Questionnaire, and demographic/self-report body mass index questions through Amazon Mechanical Turk. Risk ratios (RRs; unadjusted and adjusted for sociodemographic covariates) were calculated using modified Poisson's regression. Risk of FA was higher in participants with problematic alcohol use (RR = 2.13, 99% CI [1.32, 3.45]), smoking (RR = 1.86, 99% CI [0.82, 3.36]), cannabis use (unadjusted; RR = 2.22, 99% CI [1.17, 4.18]), vaping (RR = 2.71, 99% CI [1.75, 4.21]), and parental history of problematic alcohol use (RR = 2.35, 99% CI [1.46, 3.79]). Risk of FA in participants with obesity was only higher in adjusted models (RR = 1.87, 99% CI [1.06, 3.27]). Obesity was not significantly associated with problematic substance use and parental history of problematic alcohol use. FA, but not obesity, co-occurred with problematic substance use and a parental history of problematic alcohol use. Results support the conceptualization of FA as an addictive disorder. The inclusion of FA as an addictive disorder in diagnostic frameworks is an important area of future consideration. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Effects of clustering and timing of early life stress exposure on mood problems, ADHD symptoms, and problematic drinking

ObjectiveExposure to early life stress (ELS) may lead to long-term health consequences. The Early Life Stress Questionnaire (ELSQ) is a retrospective measure of multiple ELS and their timing. Latent class analysis (LCA) has not been applied to the ELSQ and questions regarding timing are rarely explored. This study examined the effects of clustering and timing of ELS exposure on internalizing and externalizing symptoms. MethodData from 1095 participants in the NIAAA Natural History Protocol were analyzed. LCA was conducted on 18 ELS items. Regression and correlational analyses examined associations of latent classes with sociodemographic variables and clinical outcomes. ResultsLCA revealed three classes: Class 1: Minimal ELS (54.2%), Class 2: Moderate ELS (33.2%), and Class 3: Multiple and High ELS (12.6%). Black/African American participants were more likely to be in Class 2, and participants with low household income were more likely to be in Classes 2 and 3. Family history of problematic alcohol use and individual alcohol use disorder diagnosis were linked to Classes with higher ELS exposure. Compared with Class 1, Class 2 reported higher anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, ADHD symptoms, and problematic drinking, and Class 3 reported the highest levels across all these outcomes. Regarding timing, earlier exposure to ELS (e.g., sustained family conflict and witnessed domestic violence) was associated with higher psychopathological symptoms. ConclusionsThe ELSQ can effectively capture clustering and timing of exposure to multiple ELS. Greater and earlier exposure to ELS were positively associated with internalizing and externalizing symptoms, underscoring the need for early and well-timed intervention.

Hepatitis B and C virus infections and associated factors among HIV-positive and HIV-negative tuberculosis patients in public health facilities, Northeast Ethiopia: A comparative cross-sectional study.

Viral hepatitis, particularly hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus, is the leading cause of global liver-related morbidity and mortality. Concomitant infections of hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and tuberculosis are risks of hepatotoxicity and death due to antituberculosis therapy. Hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus coinfection poses challenges in treating hepatotoxic patients and leads to mortality during antituberculosis treatment. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, and associated factors among human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative tuberculosis patients attending public health facilities, Northeast Ethiopia. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 229 tuberculosis patients from January 1 to April 30, 2021 in public health facilities' tuberculosis treatment centers. Study participants were selected using a consecutive sampling technique. Data on sociodemographic and other risk factors were collected using an interviewer-based pretested questionnaire by trained data collectors. Anti-hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B surface antigen were determined in serum using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 22. Logistic regression analysis was computed, and then variables with a p value <0.05 were considered as statistically significant. The overall hepatitis virus infection among human immunodeficiency virus-positive and human immunodeficiency virus-negative tuberculosis patients was 14.03% and 8.14%, respectively. The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus positives and human immunodeficiency virus negatives was 10.5% and 6.4% and hepatitis C virus infection in human immunodeficiency virus positives and human immunodeficiency virus negatives was 3.5% and 1.75%, respectively. Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus coinfections were not observed. Older age, history of problematic alcohol use, history of blood transfusion, ear-noise piercing, and history of multiple heterosexual partners were predictors for the hepatitis virus infection. Hepatitis virus infection increases morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis patients. Therefore, screening tuberculosis patients for hepatitis virus infection is necessary to reduce the risk of antituberculosis complications.

Supplemental Material for Co-Occurrence of Food Addiction, Obesity, Problematic Substance Use, and Parental History of Problematic Alcohol Use

Supplemental Material for Co-Occurrence of Food Addiction, Obesity, Problematic Substance Use, and Parental History of Problematic Alcohol Use

Problematic alcohol use history among persons experiencing homelessness in Northwest Arkansas

ABSTRACT Little research has attempted to simultaneously understand the myriad of social factors that might amplify or mitigate alcohol misuse patterns among persons experiencing homelessness. Using a sample of homeless adults in Northwest Arkansas (n = 168), the current study explores the role of social vulnerabilities, individual risks, and social and psychological resources on a history of self-reported problematic alcohol use. A series of ordinary least squares regressions were used to model relationships between social vulnerabilities, individual risks, social and psychological resources, and a history of problematic alcohol use. Findings support the notion that social vulnerabilities and individual risks were associated with problematic alcohol use histories. In particular, homeless individuals that were older, male, experiencing recent incarceration, and reported suicidal ideation were more likely to report a higher incidence of a history of problematic alcohol use. We find no evidence that social and psychological resources mitigated problematic alcohol use histories. The study partially corroborates prior evidence of demographic and psychosocial factors associated with understanding the history of problematic alcohol use among persons experiencing homelessness. However, these findings differ measurably with regards to social connectedness, mastery, and an expression of spirituality not being associated with problematic alcohol use histories.

Modifiable risk factors for external cause mortality after release from prison: a nested case-control study.

People released from prison are at higher risk of mortality from potentially preventable causes than their peers in the general population. Because most studies of this phenomenon are reliant on registry data, there is little health and behavioural information available on those at risk, hampering the development of targeted, evidence-based preventive responses. Our aim was to identify modifiable risk and protective factors for external cause and cause-specific mortality after release from prison. We undertook a nested case-control study using data from a larger retrospective cohort study of mortality after release from prison in Queensland, Australia between 1994 and 2007. Cases were 286 individuals who had died from external causes (drug overdose, suicide, transport accidents, or violence) matched with 286 controls on sex, Indigenous status, and release date. We extracted data from detention, case-management, and prison medical records. Factors associated with increased risk of external cause mortality included use of heroin and other opioids in the community [odds ratio (OR) = 2.20, 95% CI 1.41-3.43, p &lt; 0.001], a prescription for antidepressants during the current prison sentence (OR = 1.94, 95% CI 1.02-3.67, p = 0.042), a history of problematic alcohol use in the community (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.05-2.26, p = 0.028), and having ever served two or more custodial sentences (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.01-2.25, p = 0.045). Being married (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.29-0.70, p &lt; 0.001) was protective. Fewer predictors were associated with cause-specific mortality. We identified several behavioural, psychosocial, and clinical markers associated with mortality from preventable causes in people released from prison. Emerging evidence points to interventions that could be targeted at those at increased risk of external cause mortality. These include treatment and harm reduction programmes (for substance use), improving transitional support programmes and continuity of care (for mental health), diversion and drug reform (for repeat incarceration) and nurturing stable relationships during incarceration. The period of imprisonment and shortly after release provides a unique opportunity to improve the long-term health of ex-prisoners and overcome the disadvantage associated with imprisonment.

Family history of problematic alcohol use, stress, and delay discounting: A moderated mediation analysis

Family history of problematic alcohol use, stress, and delay discounting: A moderated mediation analysis

Alcohol-induced blackouts and maternal family history of problematic alcohol use

BackgroundConsequences of heavy drinking include alcohol-induced blackouts, which are periods of amnesia for all or part of a drinking event. One risk factor for blackouts is family history of problematic alcohol use (FH+); however, research rarely distinguishes maternal from paternal FH+. The objective of this study was to examine whether maternal or paternal FH+ better predicts likelihood of experiencing blackouts than a general measure of overall FH+, and whether gender moderates this association. MethodParticipants (N=1164; 65.4% are female) were first-time college freshmen (age range=17–19) who participated in a 6-year, 10-assessment, longitudinal study in the United States. Alcohol-induced blackouts, the dependent measure, were dichotomized (yes/no) based on endorsement of memory problems after drinking using a single item during Years 4–6. FH+, captured at baseline, was coded if participants self-reported that their mother, father, or any of their four grandparents were a possible or definite problem drinker. ResultsOverall, 773 (66.4%) participants reported experiencing blackouts during Years 4–6. Women were more likely to report blackouts than men; however, compared with women with a maternal FH+, men with a maternal FH+ were more than twice as likely to report blackouts. DiscussionMen appear to be more susceptible than women to the effects of a maternal FH+. Genetic and environmental explanations for this finding are discussed. In sum, these findings are an important step toward understanding a significant yet understudied negative consequence of heavy alcohol use.

Characteristics and impact of methamphetamine use in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

Methamphetamine (MA) use has increased in the United States in the last 20 years and is a risk factor for hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics and HCV infection outcomes of patients with a history of MA use. Subjects consisted of newly entered patients in the Veterans Affairs (VA) HCV registry at a single VA medical center from January 1, 2004, to June 30, 2004, and from January 1, 2007, to June 30, 2007. Univariate and multivariate analyses related to HCV infection antiviral treatment outcomes through 2010 was performed. A total of 198 consecutive eligible HCV registry patients were analyzed, and 40% had a history of MA use. Of patients with MA use history, 46% (36/79) had active use (within 6 months) at initial contact. Active MA users were significantly younger (mean age, 45.5 years), with more concomitant drug use (86%), compared with patients without MA use (mean age, 53.5 years; 42% minority; 29% other drug use). Overall, 71% of the 198 patients reported a history of problematic alcohol use, and 47% of those reported active abuse. Logistic regression analyses indicated that MA use did not significantly adversely affect antiviral treatment initiation, completion, or sustained virological response rates compared with that in patients without MA use. Active alcohol users had lower treatment initiation than patients without alcohol use. MA use is common in recent US veterans with HCV infection and occurs in younger patients with polysubstance use. Prior history or active MA use does not seem to adversely affect HCV infection clinic treatment compared with that in HCV-infected patients without MA use.

Effects of Lifetime History of Use of Problematic Alcohol on HIV Medication Adherence.

The effects of previous alcohol abuse on antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence have been less studied. Participants were randomized to a 3-month group intervention or an individual-enhanced standard-of-care condition and assessed over 6 months. Individual assessment at baseline, 3, and 6 months was done; interviews included lifetime history of problematic alcohol use. A total of 80 HIV-positive individuals on ART were recruited. In all, 35% of participants reported a history of problematic alcohol use, 37% had a detectable viral load, 55% were nonadherent, and 24% reporting skipping medication in the previous 3 months. There was no association between a history of problematic use and an adherence at any time point, that is, at baseline (t = -.7, P = .47), midpoint (t = -.39, P = .69), and 6-month follow-up (t = -1.2, P = .23). Results suggest that a history of problematic alcohol use may not impact ART adherence.

Emergency department detection of adolescents with a history of alcohol abuse and alcohol problems.

To compare the characteristics of adolescents with and without a history of problematic alcohol use, who are treated in the emergency department (ED) for an alcohol-related problem. Three hundred seventeen adolescents presenting to the ED after an alcohol-related incident were divided into 2 groups based on whether their score on the Adolescent Drinking Inventory reached the clinical cutoff on problematic drinking, and compared regarding current drinking, depression, and risk-taking behaviors. Adolescents who reached the clinical cutoff on the Adolescent Drinking Inventory were older and reported more frequent drinking, greater depressed mood, and more risk-taking behaviors. Of the adolescents presenting to the ED with an alcohol-related incident, those with a positive history of problematic drinking represent a particularly high-risk subgroup.