History Of Parotitis Research Articles

Is seminal quality worsening? A 20-year experience in Córdoba, Argentina.

To assess the possible variations in semen quality during the last 20 years in Córdoba, Argentina, and to identify possible causal lifestyle or genitourinary factors. Retrospective study of 23,130 patients attending an andrology laboratory. The 20-year period (2001-2020) was divided into four quinquenniums. Seminal parameters (sperm concentration, motility, morphology, viability, and membrane functional integrity) were classified as normal or abnormal according to WHO, and results were expressed as percentage of patients abnormal for each parameter per quinquennium. In addition, the percentage of patients per quinquennium exposed to the different risk factors (daily alcohol and/or tobacco consumption; occupational exposure to heat or toxics; history of parotitis or varicocele; and high body mass index, BMI) was reported. Patients included in our study did not show impairment in seminal quality over time. Beyond a transient decrease in normozoospermia in the second and third quinquennium, possibly explained by a parallel increase in teratozoospermia, other important parameters of the spermogram did not change. In fact, abnormalities in sperm concentration (oligozoospermia), total sperm count, viability and response to hypoosmotic test showed a decreasing trend over time. On the other hand, parotitis, varicocele, morbid obesity and regular exposition to heat/toxics were the factors more frequently associated with semen abnormalities; the last two increased their frequency over the study period. The population included in this study did not show a clear impairment in semen quality during the last 20 years. The decreasing patterns found were associated with high BMI and exposure to heat/toxics.

Decreased salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 reflecting a defensive potential in juvenile parotitis

ObjectiveMatrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 have been associated with juvenile parotitis. However, the role of MMP-8 has not been addressed previously. This work focuses on salivary MMP-8 and -9 levels in juvenile parotitis. MethodsDuring a five-year period at Helsinki University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, 41 patients aged 17 or under, were identified as having parotitis; from 36 of these patients, saliva samples were collected for MMP-8 IFMA (time-resolved immunofluorometric assay) analyses. Control saliva samples were collected from 34 age- and gender-matched children admitted for an elective surgery who had no history of parotitis. For comparison, salivary levels of MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1), MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio, human neutrophil elastase (HNE), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were analyzed by ELISA. Additionally, salivary MMP-8 levels were compared to historical saliva samples from 18 adult gingivitis patients as well as to 10 healthy adult controls. ResultsThe median (25%, 75% percentile) MMP-8 concentration in saliva of parotitis patients was significantly lower than MMP-8 concentration in saliva of their controls [50.4ng/ml (37.5, 72.9) vs. 148.5ng/ml (101.2, 178.5) p<0.0001] and lower than in patients with gingivitis [347.9ng/ml (242.6, 383.2) p<0.0001] or healthy adult controls [257.2ng/ml (164.9, 320.7) p<0.0001]. The MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio was lower than in controls [0.13 (0.05–0.02) vs. 0.3 (0.17–0.46) p<0.0001]. The median MMP-9 concentration in saliva of parotitis patients was significantly higher than in controls [143.9ng/m (68.8–189.0) vs. 34.9ng/ml (16.3–87.6) p<0.0001]. Neither HNE, MPO, nor TIMP-1 alone separated the patients from the control groups. ConclusionsMMP-9 was up-regulated in juvenile parotitis saliva, suggesting that MMP-9 may play a destructive role in juvenile parotitis, as others have suggested. The present novel findings reveal a decreased salivary MMP-8 concentration, suggesting that MMP-8 may reflect in juvenile parotitis down-regulated or anti-inflammatory immune characteristics.

Susceptibility of Medical Students to Mumps: Comparison of Serum Neutralizing Antibody and Skin Test

Fifty-nine medical students without a history of parotitis were tested for mumps neutralizing antibody and 88.1% were found to be immune. The results of mumps skin tests showed poor correlation with the results of the serological testing whether or not the size of reactions to placebo antigen were subtracted from the skin test size. A significant difference between two lots of skin test antigen was detected.

Auriculotemporal syndrome; gustatory sweating due to misdirection of regenerated nerve fibers.

• Two patients exhibited profuse sweating limited to the temporal region on one side. The sweating accompanied salivation during the mastication of food and necessitated wiping the area repeatedly at every meal. In both patients there was a history of parotitis following abdominal surgery. Tests with acetylcholine, pilocarpine, and histamine in one patient led to the conclusion that, in the process of recovery from parotitis, regenerating parasympathetic salivary fibers must have been misdirected into the sweat glands, which normally have a sympathetic innervation, and that these responded thereafter in a manner to be expected from their abnormal, dual nerve supply. Both patients were relieved permanently of this annoying syndrome by intracranial division of the glossopharyngeal nerve.