History Of Middle Ages Research Articles

“Translations in the History of the Middle Ages and in the Work of the Medievalist”: Conference of the Journal “Srednie Veka”

The article describes in detail the conference “Translations in the History of the Middle Ages and in the Work of the Medievalist” of the journal “Srednie veka. Studies on Medieval an Early Modern History”, which took place in September 2021. You can find in the review the statistics of the conference (number of papers, general information about the participants), topics of the sections, the problems, concerning in the papers. The conference was devoted to one of the most important topics for specialists in the history of Middle Ages — translation. The author of the article divided the presentations of the speakers into three groups, based on viewpoint on the problem of translations was chosen by the researcher: translation and translators in the Middle Ages, “translation technique” in the work of medievalists, the role and place of translations of medieval texts in historical studies and beyond.

The Use of History in Life Studies Textbooks in Germany

Hayat bilgisi derslerinde tarih konularının yer alması, tarih farkındalığının ve tarihsel öğrenmenin erken yaşlarda inşasında önemlidir. İlkokulda tarih konularının öğretilmesi, pedagojik yaklaşımla doğrudan ilgilidir. Tarihsel öğrenmede, ülkemizdeki gibi, Piaget’nin bilişsel gelişim kuramına yakın bir yaklaşım etkiliyse, çocuğun sihirli yıl olan 12 yaşa kadar somut işlemler döneminde olduğu düşünülür. Soyut içeriğe sahip tarih dersleri ancak bu yaştan itibaren yani soyut işlemler döneminde öğrenilebilir. Egan’ın tarihsel düşünme evrelerine yakın bir yaklaşım etkiliyse, çocuğun mitik evreden (4-9 yaş) itibaren tarih öğrenebileceği savunulur. Böylece öğrenciler tarih konularıyla daha erken yaşta karşılaşır. Almanya’da ilkokul öğrencileri hayat bilgisi derslerinde (Sachunterricht) tarih konularıyla karşılaşırlar. Bu araştırmanın amacı, Almanya’da hayat bilgisi dersi kapsamındaki tarih konularının neler olduğunun ve tarihin nasıl kullanıldığının incelenmesidir. Nitel araştırma desenlerinden durum çalışmasının kullanıldığı araştırmada doküman incelemesi yapılmıştır. Araştırma verileri, hayat bilgisi ders kitaplarından elde edilmiş ve bulgulara, betimsel analiz ve içerik analizi yapılarak ulaşılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Almanya’da 3. sınıfta okutulan iki, 3 ve 4. sınıflarda okutulan bir adet hayat bilgisi ders kitabı oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, “geçmişe bakış, günümüz ve gelecek için öğrenmeyi mümkün kılar” anlayışını benimseyen hayat bilgisi ders kitaplarında; zaman kavramından, değişim ve sürekliliği temel alan çocuğun yakın çevresinden, yaşadığı yerin tarihsel arka planına yönelik yerel tarih konuların yanı sıra ilk insanlardan, doğanın ve doğal unsurların şekillenmesinden, geçmişte ve günümüzde kullanılan eşyalardan, orta çağda yaşamdan konular yer almaktadır. Ayrıca tarih konularının ‘yerel tarih/ mekânın tarihi’, ‘eşya/ nesne tarihi’, ‘sosyal tarih/ gündelik hayatın tarihi’, ‘Orta çağ tarihi’ temaları altında yer aldığı ve değişim ve süreklilik ile kültürel miras farkındalığını sağlamak amacıyla kullanıldıkları anlaşılmıştır.

A Contribution made by Shokan Ualikhanov to the History of Middle Ages in Central Asia

Shokan Ualikhanov is a scientist who made a huge contribution to the history of Central Asia. Shokans works were not only known worldwide while he was alive but also were of great value to science these days. He was not only noticed by virtue of his special talent, knowledge, good observance and high intelligent skills and being an orientalist hopeful about the future among the highly-qualified Russian scientists but also on top of that he was the first Kazakh scientist who left a considerable mark on European science and culture. Followed by the outstanding Marko Polo, Shokan Ualikhanovs travel to Kashgar was the first brave deed by giving a many-sided discription of blind spots in Cetral Asia and introducing them to Europe. In this research Shokan Ualikhanovs contibution to the study of the history of Middle Ages in Cetral Asia was realized, his works in this field were analized.

The topics that students are curious about in the history lesson

The objective of this research is that, by determining the themes and subjects in history lessons that the students find interesting and are curious about, to reveal the reasons for their curiosities related to these themes and subjects. As the data collection tool, the survey that is prepared by the researches with respect to the students’ essays, history lesson curriculum and the interviews with teachers is conducted; also focus group technique is applied to the respondents. The research is realized with 129 students who study in 12th class at public schools, which are in domination of Ministry of National Education, in Ankara and Aksaray. As a result, it is revealed that the students are curious about “the war theme and the subjects of the Ottoman Empire establishment period and that the students are not curious about “The History of Daily Life, World and European History in Middle Ages and Modern Times, Turkish and World History after 1938, The History of Anatolian Principilaties” subjects.

O Rei Burislaf: ligeira concessão ao cientificismo e considerações acerca do cômico, do factual e do fictício

In this article we analyze Scandinavian medieval documents, the Yngvar Saga víðförla (Saga of Yngvar, the far travelled) and the Eymundar þáttr Hringssonar (The tale of Eymundr Hringr). Both sources report events supposedly occurred in Kievian Russia. In the first one the main focus is the expedition that was made by the title’s hero, while in the second one the story is quite different, focused on the characters of Eymund and on the kings Burislaf, Jarisleif and Vartilaf. With the help of Mikhail Bakhtin’s ideas we propose the hypothesis that there is in Eymundar þáttr Hringssonar the possibility of critical and social reactions against ideological and even christian elaborations of Yngvar Saga víðförla. This criticism was made with use of comical and humoristic aspects, the same kind of “laughter” studied by Bakhtin in his work about cultural history in Middle Ages.

O Rei Burislaf: ligeira concessão ao cientificismo e considerações acerca do cômico, do factual e do fictício

<p>In this article we analyze Scandinavian medieval documents, the <em>Yngvar Saga </em>víðförla (<em>Saga of Yngvar, the far travelled</em>) and the <em>Eymundar þáttr Hringssonar </em>(<em> The tale of </em><em>Eymundr Hringr</em>). Both sources report events supposedly occurred in Kievian Russia. In the first one the main focus is the expedition that was made by the title’s hero, while in the second one the story is quite different, focused on the characters of Eymund and on the kings Burislaf, Jarisleif and Vartilaf. With the help of Mikhail Bakhtin’s ideas we propose the hypothesis that there is in <em>Eymundar þáttr Hringssonar </em> the possibility of critical and social reactions against ideological and even christian elaborations <em>Yngvar Saga víðförla</em> . This criticism was made with use of comical and humoristic aspects, the same kind of “laughter” studied by Bakhtin in his work about cultural history in Middle Ages.</p>