History Of Maintenance Research Articles

Web-based agricultural infrastructure digital twin system integrated with GIS and BIM concepts

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are currently used in agriculture to represent various farming-related geographical information. While prior research has highlighted the potential of GIS in visualizing agricultural data, it still faces limitations in terms of model quality, interaction capabilities, and representing detailed topographic information, particularly in hydrological structures like culverts, irrigation systems, and drainage facilities. A method integrating Building Information Modeling (BIM) concepts with GIS is proposed to overcome these limitations. To achieve this, information on agricultural infrastructure in beneficiary areas was collected through field surveys and photos captured by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). Subsequently, a digital twin model was created with various characteristics and information about agricultural hydraulic structures such as land shape, sluices, and channels of the entire beneficiary area of the test bed (Heungeop reservoir in the City of Wonju, Gangwon Province, South Korea) based on this information. A web-based geographic information visualization platform (Cesium) was integrated with the concepts of BIM to check the information associated with the selected 3D agricultural infrastructure models in a pop-up window. The proposed method overcomes the limitations of existing GIS information representation by enabling a detailed depiction of the agricultural environment. It allows for an intuitive understanding of information such as structural features, details of the material, history of maintenance, year of completion, etc., on agricultural infrastructure through a pop-up window, providing a foundation for research on efficient management and planning.

Digital twin applications on cultural world heritage sites in China: A state-of-the-art overview

Recent decades have witnessed digital twin as a toolkit to collect, process, and utilize graphical, spatial and other attribute data of cultural heritage. It has been widely applied on cultural world heritage sites in China, which have significant differences in ages, types, materials, and history of maintenance and conservation. Although specific cases are reported previously, a comprehensive overview is still lacking. This paper explores the association between digital twin and heritage conservation, classifying digital twin techniques into six levels to tackle three tasks: data acquisition, visualization and application. It systematically reviews Chinese heritage digitization practices, considering variations in complexity and purposes, and demonstrates typological and chronological characteristics as well as the composition of stakeholders.

Saving a 15th-century nave roof from structural collapse at the Abbey Church of St Mary and St Melor, Amesbury, Wiltshire

This paper looks at the technical and practical challenges faced during the conservation repair of a large 15th-century trussed roof structure of a Grade I listed church building. Urgent repairs were required after a section of ceiling plaster fell, after years of water ingress, resulting in tight programme and budget constraints, with the added pressure of a global pandemic. The paper describes the early stages of the contract, with surprising discoveries such as a hive of over 40,000 honeybees, bat roosts, a secondary roof structure, concrete and extensive deathwatch beetle decay. The engineer’s economic solutions to complex structural problems are explained, as well as architect designed details to address ongoing causes of decay, such as new ventilated eaves and ridge details. This paper sets out to describe how technical challenges were overcome, but also explains how opportunities were taken to introduce new oak carvings and lead details, to leave a legacy and add to the historic narrative of the building. This paper will be of particular interest to anyone working on ecclesiastical or listed building structures, where there has been a history of poor maintenance or previous repairs. It should offer technical information relating to a wide range of traditional building trades, but particularly structural repairs of historic timber structures.

Development of Comprehensive Rating for the Evaluation of Sewer Pipelines

The Pipeline Assessment and Certification Program (PACP) was developed by the National Association of Sewer Service Companies, the industry-accepted protocol for condition rating sewer pipes in the US. The PACP method relies exclusively on visual inspections performed using closed-circuit television (CCTV), where certified operators observe existing structural and operation and maintenance (O&M) defects limitation of the PACP method is that it does not use pipe characteristics, depth, soil type, surface conditions, pipe criticality, and capacity, nor the distribution of structural defects or history of preventative maintenance to determine the condition rating of the sewer pipe segment. Therefore, this research addresses the limitations of the PACP with the development of a new wastewater pipe rating system known as the comprehensive rating (CR) system. The CR evaluation system is based on a commonly used decision-making approach known as the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) to analyze problems and issues. The new CR model incorporates pipe characteristics (age, corrosion, diameter, and shape), external characteristics (depth, soil type, traffic loading, waste type, seismic zone), and hydraulic characteristics (structural score, O&M score, and repair history). The results showed a below-average validity percentage because linear regression assumes a linear relationship between the input and output variables but the relationship between the response and the predictor is not linear.The CR methodology can be improved by increasing the number and variability of experts who evaluate the condition of existing sewer pipes, enhancing geospatial data for locational accuracy, and establishing evaluation standards for inspectors to minimize human error. More research is needed to determine a suitable nonlinear relation that can be used to model data from this new comprehensive rating system.

Military and Civilian Trauma System Integration: A Global Case Series

IntroductionTraumatic injury is a leading cause of morbidity globally, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). In high-income countries (HICs), it is well documented that military and civilian integration can positively impact trauma care in both healthcare systems, but it is unknown if this synergy could benefit LMICs. This case series examines the variety of integration between the civilian and military systems of various countries and international partnerships to elucidate if there are commonalities in facilitators and barriers. MethodsA convenience sampling method was utilized to identify subject matter experts on civilian and military trauma system integration. Data were collected and coded through an iterative process, focusing on the historical impetuses and subsequent outcomes of civilian and military trauma care collaboration. ResultsEight total case studies were completed, five addressing specific countries and three addressing international partnerships. Themes which emerged as drivers for integration included history of conflict, geography, and skill maintenance for military physicians. High-level government support was a central theme for successful integration, and financial issues were often seen as the greatest barrier. ConclusionsVarious approaches in civilian-military integration exist throughout the world, and the studied nations and international partnerships demonstrated similar motivators and barriers to integration. This study highlights the need for further investigation, particularly in LMICs, where less is known about integration strategies.

"Maybe this is just not the place for me:" Gender harassment and discrimination in the geosciences.

Rampant gender-based harassment and discrimination are recognized problems that negatively impact efforts to diversify science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) fields. We explored the particularities of this phenomenon in the geosciences, via focus groups conducted at STEM professional society meetings, with the goal of informing interventions specific to the discipline. Using grounded theory analysis, two primary drivers for the persistence and perpetuation of gender-based harassment in the geosciences were identified: a particular history of power dynamics and maintenance of dominant stereotypes, and a pattern of ineffective responses to incidents of harassment and discrimination. Informed by intersectional feminist scholarship by women of color that illustrates how efforts to address the underrepresentation of women in STEM without attending to the overlapping impacts of racism, colonialism, ableism, and classism will not succeed, we view harassment and discrimination as structural problems that require collective solutions. Continuing to recruit individuals into a discipline without changing its fundamental nature can tokenize and isolate them or encourage assimilation and acceptance of deep-seated traditions no matter how damaging. It is the responsibility of those in power, and especially those who hold more privileged status due to their social identities, to contribute to the dismantling of current structures that reinforce inequity. By providing explanatory illustrative examples drawn from first-person accounts we aim to humanize the numbers reported in workplace climate surveys, address gaps in knowledge specific to the geosciences, and identify interventions aligned with an intersectional framework that aim to disrupt discriminatory practices endemic to the geosciences and larger STEM community.

Oplontis: Villa A (“of Poppaea”) at Torre Annunziata, Italy. Volume 2, The Decorations: Painting, Stucco, Pavements, Sculptures Edited by John R. Clarke and Nayla K. Muntasser (ACLS Humanities E-Book). New York: American Council of Learned Societies 2019. Reflowable; approx. 1, 594 pp. Open access at https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.90048. ISBN 9781628201383 (e-book).

<i>Oplontis: Villa A (“of Poppaea”) at Torre Annunziata, Italy. Volume 2, The Decorations: Painting, Stucco, Pavements, Sculptures</i> Edited by John R. Clarke and Nayla K. Muntasser (ACLS Humanities E-Book). New York: American Council of Learned Societies 2019. Reflowable; approx. 1, 594 pp. Open access at https://hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.90048. ISBN 9781628201383 (e-book).

Implementation of Information Management System on ALS Bus Track Record

PT. ALS must pay attention to its operational activities so that operational productivity is able to obtain production results (passengers) in accordance with the company's targets. In this case, factors that need to be considered, such as information management on operational activities that occur on the way from the start to the final destination, so that it can affect the smooth operation. There is a need for management of travel track record information from buses that travel, such as history of machine maintenance, which is a very vital factor in a vehicle, especially buses, and forecasting of spare parts so that the replacement of spare parts can be predicted. The purpose of this study is to convey the track record information of each bus in the Antar Lintas Sumatra company as awhole so that it can be managed effectively which is useful for smooth operations and uses forecasting methods to forecast spare parts using the WMA method

Evaluasi Kinerja PLTMH Polohungo 40 KW Terhadap Small Scale Power Load (SSPL)

The Polohungo Micro-hydro Power Plant (PLTMH) in Polohungo village, Tolangohula District, Gorontalo Regency has several components, namely intake, headrace, forebay, tailrace, penstock, turbines, mechanical equipment systems, mechanical transmission systems, and generators. The increase of demand for electrical power and the limited capacity of the generator was causing suboptimal plant operation. This study aims to evaluate the performance of the 40 kW PLTMH against the electrical load in Polohungo Village, Gorontalo Regency. The evaluation stage began with the calculation of the technical parameter data of the equipment, which was then compared with parameters obtained from measurement. The evaluation results show that the overall condition of the main components such as generators, turbines, and the generator control system was still working well even though there was no history of maintenance. There was a power difference of 12.212 kW or 55.03% between the real-world generated power and theoretically calculated power based on turbine design water flow. Therefore, PLTMH Polohungo was not operating optimally when handling small-scale power loads, where the amount of power generated by theoretical calculations is greater than the amount of power generated when the generator is operating with a water flow rate of 0.02865 m3/second.

Designing a knowledge management system for Naval Materials Failures

NAVMAT Research project attempts an interdisciplinary approach by integrating Materials Engineering and Informatics under a platform of Knowledge Management. Failure analysis expands into forensics engineering for it aims not only to identify individual and symptomatic reasons of failure but to assess and understand repetitive failure patterns, which could be related to underlying material faults, design mistakes or maintenance omissions. NAVMAT approach utilizes a focused common-cause failure methodology for the naval and marine environment, to begin with. It will eventually support decision making through appropriate Artificial Intelligence and Natural Language Processing methods. The presented work describes the design of a knowledge based system dedicated to effective recording, efficient indexing, easy and accurate retrieval of information, history of maintenance and secure operation concerning failure incidents of marine materials, components and systems in a fleet organisation. Based on materials failure ontology, utilising artificial intelligence algorithms and modern approaches in data handling, NAVMAT aims at the optimisation of naval materials failure management and the support of decision making in Maintenance and Repair Operations (MRO), materials supplies and staff training.

공동주택 조경관리 입찰 실태와 개선방안

This study was conducted to provide basic data for a transparent and fair bidding system by identifying problems and suggesting improvement measures through an analysis of the bidding status for construction projects and service-related landscaping of multi-family housing. To this end, we used the data from the "Multi-Family Housing Management Information System (K-apt)" that provides the history of apartment maintenance, bidding information, and the electronic bidding system to examine the winning bid status and amount, along with the size and trends of the winning bids by year, and the results of the selection of operators by construction type. As a result, it was found that out of the total number of successful bids (36,831), 4.4% (16,631) were in the landscaping business, and the average winning bid value was found to be about 24 million won. According to the data, 73% of the landscaping cases were valued between 3 million won and 30 million won, and 58.6% of the cases were in the field of "pest prevention and maintenance". 36% of the total number of bids were awarded from February to April, with "general competitive bidding" accounting for 59.8% of the bidding methods. As for the method of selecting the winning bidder, 55% adopted the "lowest bid" and "electronic bidding method," and 45% adopted the "qualification screening system" and "direct bidding method." As an improvement to the problems derived from the bidding status data, the following are recommended: First, the exception clause to the current

Nurses’ knowledge of peripherally inserted central catheter maintenance and its influencing factors in Hunan province, China: a cross-sectional survey

ObjectivesThe present study aimed to assess the level of knowledge on peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) maintenance among nurses in China and to analyse the related factors influencing this variable.DesignA...

Epidemiology of bacterial wilt disease on Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell. in Indonesia

Productivity of forest plantation such as Eucalyptus pellita in Indonesia is strongly decreased by bacterial wilt disease (Ralstonia solanacearum Smith). However, studies of bacterial wilt disease on E. pellita in Indonesia is still inadequate, so several comprehensive research are required. This research was aimed to analyse the dominant silviculture factors and soil properties which can contribute to disease epidemiology. Observation on disease incidence was conducted by the transect method on 40 observation plots selected by the purposive random sampling in 4 provinces in Indonesia. Nine silviculture factors were collected by tracking the identity and the history of plot maintenance, while soil properties were analysed from soil samples. The correlation among disease incidence to silviculture factors and soil properties was carried out by chi-square and multiple regression analysis, respectively. Planting age, Eucalyptus clones, and root malformation were the top 3 of silviculture factors which has shown significant correlation to disease incidence. Early growth of Eucalyptus sp. plant was a critical period of the disease epidemic, especially in the susceptible clone. On the other hand, soil texture (percentage of sand, clay, and silt) were the dominant variables of soil properties which strongly affected the disease incidence.

GAMBARAN RESESI GINGIVA PADA PASIEN PENGGUNA NARKOBA (Penelitian)

Background. Drugs or addictive compounds used for specific cases are prescribed by physicians and doctors. However, the drugs being illegally misused can cause several health issues including oral health complications. Study shows that abusive drugs can result in periodontal problems which could lead to loss of attachment. Objectives. To assess the degree of gingival recession in drug rehabilitation patients at RSKO. Method. Thirty rehabilitation patients at RSKO Jakarta were observed in the distribution of gingival recession in anterior teeth over clinical photographs. The findings of gingival recession were grouped according to Miller's classification. Gingival recession was observed based on history of oral hygiene maintenance, type of drug, and length of time of drug use. Results. Based on Miller's classification, it was found that grade I gingival recession was 63% and grade II was 38% in patients with poor oral hygiene status. Grade III gingival recession was found in patients with deficiences oral hygiene status. Patients with a history of using mixed drugs had a higher risk of experiencing gingival recession (63%). Grade III gingival recession was mostly found in patients with a history of consuming more than one type of drug (60%), and had taken drugs for more than 5 years (80%). Conclusion. Gingival recession was found more in patients with a history of drug abuse and poor oral hygiene.

Документы по истории эксплуатационно-технической службы российского Военного воздушного флота 1910–1917 гг. в фондах Российского государственного военно-исторического архива

The article describes the part of the Russian State Military History Archive (RGVIA) fonds, which contains documents related to the maintenance of aircrafts, engines, aircraft weapons, apparatus, radio stations, and photographic equipment of the Russian Air Force Fleet (VVF) in 1910-17; they testify of the emergence of the maintenance department. As the forming department had no management bodies, its documents deposited in the RGVIA do not form a compact fond, they are found in a large array of fonds, some of which have no relation to aviation. In the modern scholarship on the history of Russian military aviation, there is a lack of the RGVIA reference materials on location of documents on the history of maintenance of the Russian Air Force Fleet. The article is to provide researchers with a detailed tool for searching documents on the history of maintenance in the archival fonds. The author relies on his knowledge of historical development of the Russian Air Force Fleet, his long-term research experience in the RGVIA, and on reference publications on the archive fonds. Having analyzed the RGVIA fonds, he shows what kind of documents on the history of the VVF maintenance can be found there. Features of various fonds and volume of documents on the history of maintenance in them are being described. It has been identified in which fonds the guidelines and instructions for the aircrafts maintenance are stored, as well as reports on technical condition of aircrafts, armament, and equipment in the squadrons, materials on aircraft radio equipment usage, reports on inspection of technical condition of aircrafts in the units, documents on accidents and disasters. The article reviews fonds of various organizations engaged in operation and repair of the aviation equipment, of management bodies of the armed forces, of integrated combined arms force, and of military aviation. The analysis will help the historians of the Russian Air Force to navigate numerous RGVIA fonds and to speed up their search of documents.

Dutch, English and African shipbuilding craftsmanship in precolonial West Africa: An entangled history of construction, maintenance and repair

In comparative perspective, this article examines the shipping, construction, maintenance and repair of Dutch and English ships, boats and canoes operating in West Africa during the precolonial period. In addition, I discuss the strategies adopted by Dutch, English, and other ‘nations’ of merchants present in the various coastal regions of the African continent, to cope with the challenges posed by port-to-port navigation and transportation in shallow river estuaries along the western coast of Africa. Among these strategies were the transport of pre-fabricated boats of small dimension to the coast on board of heavier ships and recruitment of personnel specialised in ship repair and shipbuilding, to the acquisition, either temporary or permanent, of African boats and recruitment of African boatmen. In this way, merchants’ success on the coast was dependent on both European and African shipbuilding craftsmanship and navigational skills. Our analysis is based on information gathered from travelogues, journals of voyages and collections of correspondence exchanged between European merchants and their commercial agents based in Africa, and between officials of the private European commercial companies on the African coast.

Bibliometrics analysis of the General Catalogue of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books

Objective To observe the development of Traditional Chinese Medicine health maintenance books in the past. Method Based on the General Catalogue of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books, the author did a bibliometrics analysis from the year of the ancient literature of the TCM health preservation, the year and type of the version, the distribution of the second class of the health maintenance, the unique books of ancient books in health maintenance, the collection in the series and Collected Taoist Scriptures and other issues. Results Of the 551 kinds of works of health maintenance embodied in the General Catalogue of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books, 404 kinds were completed before 1911, including 3 in the Han Dynasty, 1 in the Three Kingdoms Period, 2 in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, 1 in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and 23 in the Tang Dynasty, 16 in the Song Dynasty, 20 in the Yuan Dynasty, 155 in the Ming Dynasty, and 183 kinds in the Qing Dynasty. The distribution of edition year was 1 in the Yuan Dynasty, 155 in the Ming Dynasty, 182 in the Qing Dynasty, 155 in the Republic of China, and 47 unknown. The versions were mainly wood-block edition, lithograph, stereotype edition, manuscript, and copied manuscript. There were different types of second class, including 309 kinds of general theory of health-maintenance, 157 kinds of Daoyin and Qigong, and 85 kinds of alchemy. There were 224 kinds of unique books, accounting for 40.65% of the total amount of 551 kinds of books of traditional Chinese medicine, among which 95 kinds were included in the series, and 109 kinds were included in Collected Taoist Scriptures, Quotes of Taoist Canon, Taoist Essence, and Taoist Collection. Conclusions The Health monographs reflect the development of TCM health maintenance level, the ideological culture, and social changes in different historical periods, which is of great value in the history of TCM health maintenance. Key words: Medicine pharmacologic literature (TCM); Incunabula as topic (TCMP); Works of health maintenance; General Catalogue of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books; Academic development; Bibliometrics

Assessing the Factors Impacting on the Reliability of Wind Turbines via Survival Analysis—A Case Study

The failure of wind turbines is a multi-faceted problem and its monetary impact is often unpredictable. In this study, we present a novel application of survival analysis on wind turbine reliability, including accounting for previous failures and the history of scheduled maintenance. We investigated the operational, climatic and geographical factors that affect wind turbine failure and modeled the risk rate of wind turbine failure based on data from 109 turbines in Germany operating for a period of 19 years. Our analysis showed that adequately scheduled maintenance can increase the survival of wind turbine systems and electric subsystems up to 2.8 and 3.8 times, respectively, compared to the systems without scheduled maintenance. Geared-drive wind turbines and their electrical systems were observed to have 1.2- and 1.4- times higher survival, respectively, compared to direct-drive turbines and their electrical systems. It was also found that the survival of frequently-failing wind turbine components, such as switches, was worse in geared-drive than in direct-drive wind turbines. We show that survival analysis is a useful tool to guide the reduction of the operating and maintenance costs of wind turbines.

Degradation Trend Estimation and Prognostics for Low Speed Gear Lifetime

Development history of maintenance Currently, maintenance methods that primarily practice in the industry are Preventive Maintenance, and vibration measurement is mainly used for rotating machine diagnosis. Preventive Maintenance is performed through trend management of vibration signals. When faults occur, it is possible to analyze faults by analyzing Bode Plot, FFT Spectrum, or Orbit Plot. However, the cause of the vibration signal can be various and complex and defects cannot be clearly detected by the vibration signal, so it is difficult to make an accurate diagnosis. In this paper, through the various critical features of the acoustic emission signal and vibration signal by representation, extraction, selection and trends were investigated for early detection of the possible failure of the rotating machine. The result of FFT analyzed for 7 times during 89 hours using the frequency analysis. It is very hard to detect early misalignment using the frequency analysis methods. However, the results of features analysis detected a fault growth in the rotating machine.

Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) for Opioid Addiction: Introduction to the Special Issue

ABSTRACTSeveral countries are experiencing public health crises as a result of opioid addiction. Fatal overdoses have reached record highs in many regions and Hepatitis C virus is the norm among people who inject drugs in several countries. Thus, providing for the global availability of medication-assisted treatment (MAT) for opioid addiction is more important than ever. In this article, we introduce readers to the collection of papers that appear in this special issue on MAT for opioid addiction. We describe the articles and commentaries thematically to include topics that address 1) the contemporary history of methadone maintenance, 2) the provision of and access and barriers to MAT, 3) compliance and outcomes of MAT, 4) health issues among MAT patients, 5) race, ethnicity, and social class backgrounds of MAT patients, 6) criminalization and stigma, and 7) challenges associated with the expansion of MAT.