History Of Chronic Cough Research Articles

051. Incarcerated Umbilical Hernia in A 45-Year-Old Male with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Case Report

Background: Umbilical hernias are common, but incarceration can lead to serious complications, particularly in patients with comorbidities. We present a case of an incarcerated umbilical hernia in a male patient with a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis, which required emergency surgical intervention. Case: A 45-year-old male presented with intermittent umbilical pain and a lump, which appeared during straining or coughing and spontaneously reduced upon rest. The patient also experienced nausea, absence of defecation for 3 days, and absent flatus for 1 day. There was no vomiting, but a history of chronic cough and CKD was noted. On physical examination, an umbilical lump measuring 4x3x2 cm was identified. Bloodwork revealed elevated creatinine levels (6.0 mg/dL), consistent with CKD. Imaging confirmed the diagnosis of an incarcerated paraumbilical hernia, and the patient underwent emergency herniorrhaphy. Post-operative recovery was uneventful. Conclusion: This case highlights the importance of timely intervention in patients with incarcerated umbilical hernias, especially in the presence of comorbid conditions such as CKD. Emergency herniorrhaphy remains the definitive treatment for preventing life-threatening complications.

Milk in the intercostal tube: Revealing Boerhaave syndrome.

We present an uncommon pathology of Boerhaave's syndrome and its fatal outcome in a 77-year-old man who presented to the emergency room with loss of consciousness and a history of chronic cough that had increased in intensity over the past week. Radiological investigations revealed bilateral pleural effusion, initially pointing to a transudative aetiology. Diagnostic pleural aspiration showed an exudative effusion with high amylase, and an intercostal drainage tube was inserted for the left massive effusion. Contrary to the initial provisional diagnosis, the discovery of ingested milk in the intercostal drainage tube raised suspicion of Boerhaave's syndrome. Around 90% of perforations occur on the left side of the distal oesophagus, presenting as a pleural effusion on the left side. Less than 10% of patients experience bilateral pleural effusions. This patient's clinical presentation, which led to the diagnosis, is of interest. Unfortunately, he eventually lapsed into sepsis and succumbed.

Postoperative exacerbated cough hypersensitivity syndrome induces dramatic respiratory alkalosis, lactatemia, and electrolyte imbalance

BackgroundThe perioperative management of patients with chronic cough or cough hypersensitivity syndrome and its sometimes severe effects is currently under-researched and under-reported.Case presentationA 46-year-old female patient with a history of chronic cough and Cough Hypersensitivity Syndrome. After laparoscopic hiatoplasty and anterior fundoplication under general anesthesia, experienced a pronounced exacerbation of coughing symptoms. Despite prompt and extensive treatment involving antitussives, inhalants, anxiolytics, and sedatives, the symptoms remained uncontrollable. Within a few hours, the patient developed a respiratory alkalosis with severe and life-threatening electrolyte shift (pH 7.705, pCO2 1.72 kPa, K+ 2.1 mmol/l). Lactatemia lasted for more than 12 hours with values up to 6.6 mmol/l. Acute bleeding, pneumothorax, and an acute cardiac event were ruled out. Deep analgosedation and inhalation of high-percentage local anesthetics were necessary to manage the clinical symptoms.ConclusionsThis case highlights the challenging nature of chronic cough and hypersensitivity syndrome perioperatively. A tailored anesthesiologic approach, exclusion of other provoking medical problems, and knowledge of possible management and treatment options are key.

Incidence and risk factors of stress urinary incontinence after laparoscopic hysterectomy

ObjectiveTo observe the long-term effects of total hysterectomy on urinary function, evaluate the effects of preoperative nutritional status, urinary occult infection, and surgical factors on the induction of postoperative stress urinary incontinence (SUI), and explore the incidence and risk factors of SUI.Study designFrom January 2017 to December 2017, 164 patients with benign non-prolapsing diseases who underwent a laparoscopic total hysterectomy in the First People's Hospital of Taicang were selected as the analysis objects. The International Incontinence Standard Questionnaire for Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms (ICIQ-FLUTS) and Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire-short version 20 (PFDI-20) were used for telephone follow-up to subjectively assess the urinary function of patients, collect their medical records, and statistically analyze the number of postoperative SUI cases. Logistic multivariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of postoperative female SUI, presented as adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals.ResultsOnly 97 out of 164 patients completed the ICIQ-FLUTS and PFDI-20 questionnaires. Among these participants, 28 patients (28.86%) were diagnosed with SUI (study group), while 69 patients (71.13%) were classified as women without SUI (control group). The age, menopause, parity ≥ 2 times, Body mass index (BMI) ≥ 28 kg/m2, neonatal weight ≥ 4000 g, history of chronic cough, preoperative hemoglobin ≤ 100 g/L, preoperative urine bacteria ≥ 100u/L, preoperative uterine volume ≥ 90 cm3, intraoperative blood loss, and operation time of the study group were compared with those of the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Further Logistic multivariate analysis showed that menopause, preoperative hemoglobin ≤ 100 g/L, preoperative urine bacteria ≥ 100u/L, uterine volume ≥ 90 cm3, history of chronic cough, BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2 were risk factors for postoperative SUI in patients undergoing hysterectomy (P < 0.05).ConclusionsHysterectomy for benign non-prolapse diseases has a long-term potential impact on the urinary system of patients, and the risk of postoperative SUI increases. The main risk factors of SUI are parity, menopausal status, obesity, preoperative nutritional status, and occult infection of the urinary system.

Spontaneous tension pneumothorax: a devastating consequence of pulmonary tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) was the world’s second leading cause of death from a single infectious agent, with mortality reaching 50% in untreated cases. It has been acknowledged as a potential cause of secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. A 57-year-old male presented to emergency department due to shortness of breath since 12 hours before admission. He had a history of chronic cough along with significant weight loss. He was cachexic and fully alert, with normal blood pressure, tachypnea, and slight tachycardia. Decreased breath sounds on the right hemithorax was noted. Chest x-ray revealed right tension pneumothorax and active pulmonary TB. Emergency needle decompression was performed with 14-gauge intravenous catheter. Unfortunately, he died eight hours later following a cardiac arrest. Occurrence of spontaneous tension pneumothorax in TB involves several mechanisms such as pleural porosity, chronic inflammation, and alveolar rupture. Compensatory mechanisms including gradual tachycardia, respiratory rate elevation, along with increasingly negative contralateral intrathoracic pressures could preserve venous return, serving as protective factors against hypotension until the late stages. Late presentation of 12 hours after the first onset might contribute to enormous air leak that could not be effectively managed by needle decompression. Undiagnosed and untreated TB could lead to morbid consequence such as tension pneumothorax, highlighting the importance of TB detection within the community. Clinicians should be aware of variations in the clinical presentation of tension pneumothorax as compensatory mechanisms may hinder the diagnosis at initial presentation. Strategic approaches are imperative to reinforce our commitment to eliminate TB by 2030.

Prevalence and Correlated Factors of Urinary Incontinence in Geriatic

Abstract. Background. Urinary incontinence is involuntary or uncontrollable urine passing. This is very disruptive, it causes a lot of problems and is often seen as an embarrassing thing. The prevalence of urinary incontinence was found to increase with age. The number in the geriatric population is 22.2%, more significant when compared to the adult population of 12.0%. Objectives. This research aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the incidence of urinary incontinence in geriatric patients at the Haji Adam Malik General Central Hospital and the University of North Sumatra Hospital. Method. This type of research is an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design. The research sample is determined by consecutive sampling technique using a questionnaire as primary data. Results. Out of 100 respondents, 22 geriatric patients experienced urinary incontinence, with the majority experiencing moderate severity and stress urinary incontinence. Based on bivariate analysis using chi-square found gender (p=0.617), age (p=0.617), overweight (p=&lt;0.001), diabetes mellitus (p=&lt;0.001), hypertension (p=0.001), history of chronic cough (p=&lt;0.001), history of pelvic surgery (p=&lt;0.001), and history of vaginal delivery (0=0.055). Conclusion. There are 22% (22 patients) of geriatric patients experienced urinary incontinence. In this study, the risk factors associated with urinary incontinence are overweight, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and a history of chronic cough while risk factors that are not found to be associated in this study are age, sex, and history of vaginal delivery.

Diffuse Pulmonary Meningotheliomatosis: A Case Report

Abstract Introduction/Objective Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis (DPM) is a pulmonary disease characterized by the presence of widespread bilateral minute pulmonary meningothelial-like nodules (MPMNs). It is exceedingly rare and predominantly seen in females. The nodules are typically asymptomatic and detected incidentally on imaging. Methods/Case Report We present a case of a 57-year-old woman with a history of chronic cough and CT imaging findings of bilateral multiple ground-glass nodules. Wedge resections from the right upper and right lower lobes were obtained, which revealed gross changes suggestive of interstitial lung disease. Histologic evaluation of the wedges showed similar morphology, consisting of discrete areas with variable interstitial expansion of the stroma with ovoid/spindle cells, collagen, elastosis, and mild chronic inflammatory cells, in a somewhat perivascular pattern. Some areas were also cystic. This appeared in a background of emphysematous change and focal foreign body giant cell reaction to non-polarizable material. Immunohistochemical stains were diffusely positive for vimentin, EMA , and PR, and CD163 highlighted increased cells that were S100 and CD1a negative. Additionally, the ovoid/spindle cells were negative for desmin, SMM, HMB-45, HHV8, pan-CK, chromogranin, and multiplex SOX10-MART1. Results (if a Case Study enter NA) NA Conclusion Diffuse pulmonary meningotheliomatosis is a rare entity that requires sufficient histological evaluation to identify the ovoid/spindle cell component histologically and immunohistochemically. This disease should be considered in the differential for cases of diffuse interstitial pulmonary infiltrates. Few cases have been reported in the literature, requiring further research to understand the mechanisms of this disease and its clinical significance.

Sjögren syndrome and RFC1-CANVAS sensory ganglionopathy: co-occurrence or misdiagnosis?

RFC1-CANVAS and primary Sjögren syndrome (pSS) are among the most frequent causes of sensory ganglionopathy (SG) and can present simultaneously in a given patient, sharing confounding signs and symptoms. We describe the clinical characteristics of patients with SG due to CANVAS whowere suspected of havingor had received a previous diagnosis of pSS. Patients with SG and a genetically confirmed RFC1-CANVAS followed in our centre were ascertained and their personal history of pSS was collected. Among the 71 patients with CANVAS, six patients (all females) had been diagnosed with pSS by their clinicians. In these six patients, the mean age at onset of the SG was 61years, four patients describing gait instability and positive sensory symptoms, one only gait instability and one only positive sensory symptoms. Five patients had a history of chronic cough; signs at examination included a cerebellar syndrome (n = 3), vestibulopathy (n = 2), pes cavus (n = 3) and dysautonomia (n = 2). On neurophysiological examination, SG was generally severe and symmetrical. All patients presented a sicca syndrome, but only four patients had a confirmed pSS as per 2016 ACR-EULAR classification criteria. Four patients were treated but did not respond to immunosuppressive therapy, one suffering from side effects. The suspicion or diagnosis of pSS in a patient with SG should not exclude RFC1 expansion analysis, as a CANVAS diagnosis may dissuade the clinician from initiating or continuing immunosuppressive therapy, especially in unconfirmed pSS patients. Importantly, a sicca syndrome may lead to pSS misdiagnosis.

Reduced lung function and health-related quality of life after treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis in Gambian children: a cross-sectional comparative study

BackgroundPost-tuberculosis (post-TB) lung disease is an under-recognised consequence of pulmonary tuberculosis (pTB). We aimed to estimate the prevalence of residual lung function impairment and reduced health-related quality of life (HRQoL)...

Risk factors of pelvic organ prolapse at Asella Teaching and Referral Hospital: Unmatched case control study.

BackgroundProlapse is one of the sub-types of pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) which occurs due to abnormal fall of the pelvic organs from their normal anatomic positions. Although the cause of prolapse is multifactorial, it primarily occurs due to pregnancy and vaginal delivery. Hence, the present study aimed to identify risk factors of prolapse among women who undergo gynecological surgery.Materials and methodsFacility-based-unmatched case–control design was employed. Cases were all gynecological women who were diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) at Asella teaching referral hospital (ATRH) while controls were all charts of gynecological women who were diagnosed with other gynecological problems rather than POP at ATRH. For each case, two controls were selected using a simple random sampling technique. The data were entered into Epidata version 4.3.1 and finally exported to SPSS version 25 for further analysis. Then variables that had an association in the bivariate model (p < 0.25) were entered and analyzed by a multivariable conditional logistic regression model to identify the independent effect of different factors. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05.ResultsA total of 147 cases and 293 controls were included in this study. Women who had a history of chronic cough, previous pelvic floor surgery, constipation, and vaginal tear during delivery, history of pelvic trauma, age of the women, rural resident, and maternal gravidity were strongly associated with prolapse at p-value of < 0.05. Multigravida [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.987 (95% CI 1.237–6.853), p = 0.014], age >50 years [AOR: 2.496 (95% CI 1.372–4.539), p = 0.003], women with a history of pelvic floor surgery [AOR: 0.3.666 (95% CI 1.328–10.124), p = 0.012], women who had diabetes mellitus [AOR: 4.676 (95% CI 0.908–24.075), p = 0.065], and resided in rural areas [AOR = 1.878; (95% CI: 0.984–3.585), I2 = 47.5%, p = 0.056] were the independent predictors were of prolapse.ConclusionsIn this study, women with diabetes mellitus, previous pelvic floor surgery, rural residents, being multigravida, and age >40 were independent predictors of prolapse. Therefore, delivering health education by focusing on the identified risk factors was strongly recommended.

Microalbuminuria and the Presence of Hypoxemia in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Introduction Worldwide, the Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a major public health concern; On the basis of epidemiologic data, by 2020, COPD will be the third leading cause of death worldwide. Objective To assess the frequency of Microalbuminuria and the presence of Hypoxemia in patients with COPD. Materials and Methods Study Design Cross-sectional observational study. Place of Study Department of Medicine &amp; Respiratory Medicine in Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH). Study Period Six months after approval of the protocol Study Population Patient suffering from COPD and admitted in Department of Medicine &amp; Respiratory medicine, DMCH, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Total 100 samples were included in this study. COPD usually presents with a history of chronic cough with sputum production or exertional breathlessness which may be associated with relevant clinical findings and a post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC less than 0.7. In most cases it is associated with smoking Results Total 100 patients of COPD were included in the study. Mean age was 58.16±5.4 years ranging from 50 to 74 years. Out of 100 patients, majority (42%) were from age group 55 to 60 years. Among all, 82% patients were male and 18% were female, of 100 patients, majority (30%) were day laborer. Only 2% were unemployed. The percentage of housewives was 18%. Other 34% were businessman and service holders. COPD severity was assessed using GOLD guideline. Out of 100 COPD patients, 38% had severe COPD (GOLD stage III). 16 % patients were in mild (Stage I) and 32% patients were in moderate stage (Stage II). The condition was very severe for 14% patients (Stage IV). Of 100 COPD patients, 30% had microalbuminuria. Among 100 COPD patients, chance of microalbuminuria increases among COPD patients with the increase of age significantly. There is smoking history of 36 pack year for COPD patients with microalbuminuria. Of 100 patients 26% were hypoxemic. The average forced expiratory volume (FEV1%) was 37.40 with standard deviation 14.48 for patients with microalbuminuria. The PaO2 and PaCO2 is 63.06 with standard deviation 7.09 and 46.09 with standard deviation 2.43 for COPD patients with microalbuminuria respectively. All of these characteristics are significant with p-value 0.00. However, the body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were not found significant. The patients who had PaO2 less than 70 mmHg were considered hypoxemic. The patients who had microalbuminuria among them 87% were hypoxemic. Only 13% patients were free from hypoxemia who had microalbuminuria. Patients without microalbuminuria had no history of hypoxemia. There is significant relation exists between hypoxemia and the presence of microalbuminuria (p&lt;0.5). Conclusion In this study, about one-fourth of the patients have hypoxemia and more than one fourth of the patients have microalbuminuria. Stage III was more frequent among the study population but there was no association between severity grading and presence of microalbuminuria. However, significant relation is found between co-existence of both microalbuminuria and hypoxemia in COPD patients.

Cardiac Sarcoidosis Managed by Biventricular Pacing: A Case Report

Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is a rare pathology that affects the middle-aged population. Its diagnosis, as well as its treatment, can be quite challenging, especially dealing with device management. We hereby discuss a case of CS, managed by a biventricular pacemaker in a 43-year-old man. Case Report: A 43-year-old male presented to the emergency department with a 15-day history of chronic cough and worsening dyspnea. On examination, he was found to be bradycardic in the context of a third-degree heart block on ECG as well as bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy on chest radiography. Based on these findings, cardiac sarcoidosis was suspected. A temporary right internal jugular transvenous pacemaker was implanted in the right ventricle and empiric corticosteroid management was commenced. Lung tissue biopsies were obtained via bronchoscopy and were positive for granulomas consistent with a diagnosis of sarcoidosis. Even though the patient showed a partial positive response to corticosteroid treatment, he required a permanent pacemaker. A dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) was implanted and the patient was discharged on prednisone. His follow-up plan consisted of serial echocardiography and consideration of a new coronary sinus lead in the event of left ventricular dysfunction in the future. Conclusion: Cardiac rhythm management in the context of CS is often difficult, with decisions that need to be made between a pacemaker, a defibrillator, or a cardiac resynchronization device. The idea that biventricular pacing has a preventative role against heart failure in patients with normal left ventricular ejection fraction and CS deserves more attention and discussion.

Angiomyomatous hamartoma of subglottic tracheal wall in a 12-year-old adolescent: a case report

BackgroundAllergic rhinitis is the most common allergic disease encountered in a primary care setting. Diagnosis is often made clinically based on response to empiric therapy. However, with long-term treatment failure and/or atypical disease presentation, a differential diagnosis should be considered. The following is a report of an unusual and rare presentation of a subglottic tracheal angiomyomatous hamartoma in an adolescent, treated for many years as allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma.Case presentationA 12-year-old Caucasian was referred to the allergy clinic with a lifetime history of bronchospasms and rhinoconjunctivitis symptoms, treated for many years for asthma and environmental allergies. Cough, posterior nasal drainage, self-described “choking on phlegm,” and a sensation of “a flap in the throat,”, worsened 5 months prior to the initial evaluation. Puncture skin testing for common environmental allergens was negative. Spirometry, performed due to history of chronic cough, showed blunting of the forced expiratory phase. A chest X-ray, immediately ordered to rule out possible extrapulmonary obstruction, showed bilateral bibasilar infiltrates. A noncontrast computerized tomographic scan of the chest, ordered to further elucidate X-ray findings, revealed a subglottic tracheal mass. Following a subsequent transfer and admission to a tertiary hospital center, microlaryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, and microsuspension laryngoscopy were performed to remove the tracheal mass. Pathology confirmed squamous mucosa with polypoid angiomyomatous changes and chronic inflammatory features consistent with angiomyomatous hamartoma. Surgical intervention was successful, and follow-up 1 year postoperatively revealed a healthy, asymptomatic adolescent child with normal lung function.ConclusionsAlthough posterior nasal drainage and cough are typical presenting symptoms in the general patient population, they may be clinically impactful as they could disguise more serious medical conditions. A detailed history and careful physical examination may provide a high index of suspicion of disease, and can help work the differential diagnosis. This case presentation is the first documentation of subglottic hamartoma reported in the pediatric literature with clinical manifestation of environmental allergy and asthma symptoms.

Diagnosis and therapy of polypoid tracheobronchitis presenting as a mass in a dog

AbstractA 9‐year‐old Maltese dog was presented with a history of chronic cough. On the radiographic and CT studies a long smoothly marginated tracheal mass with bilateral bronchial extension was detected. These findings were confirmed by bronchoscopy and dynamic grade II tracheal collapse was also observed. Biopsies were performed and histopathology revealed marked polypoid proliferation of the tracheal mucosa with intense lymphoplasmacytic and macrophagic infiltration consistent with polypoid tracheobronchitis. Prednisone was started but due to the absence of a complete response, cyclosporine was added. Six weeks later the cough had resolved, and the mass was not visible at radiographic follow‐up. Prednisone was discontinued without recurrence, but when cyclosporine was tapered, the mass and clinical signs reappeared. Three years later the patient was still on treatment with cyclosporine, without clinical signs and no evidence of the mass was observed at the follow‐up CT scan.

Chronic Indolent Community-acquired Pneumonia due to Pseudomonas Infection in an Immunocompetent Patient- A Case Report

Pseudomonas is an uncommon cause of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent patients. It is an opportunistic pathogen resulting in serious infection in patients who are hospitalised, mechanically ventilated, or immunocompromised. A 47-year-old male, forest worker without any co-morbidities presented with a history of chronic cough, fever, and shortness of breath complicated with pseudohemoptysis for 45 days. This patient was admitted and treated as a lower respiratory tract infection. Work-up for tuberculosis, invasive fungal balls, was negative but sputum culture revealed Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth. This case report demonstrates a rare Pseudomonas infection which can also cause chronic indolent respiratory illness in immunocompetent.

A case of tuberculosis of the rare azygos lobe of the right lung

BackgroundThe azygos lobe is a rare anatomical variant seen in the upper lobe of right lung. It occurs during embryological development due to the failure of posterior cardinal vein to migrate supero-medially. It is often an incidental finding on imaging and is asymptomatic in majority of cases. Tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe is extremely rare. Only a few cases of tuberculosis involving the azygos lobe have been reported in literature.Case presentationWe present a rare case report of tuberculosis infection involving the azygos lobe in a 57-year-old male with history of chronic cough, fever, hemoptysis, and weight loss.ConclusionsThe azygos lobe is usually asymptomatic, but it may be misdiagnosed as bulla, lung cyst, or abscess. In rare cases it may be associated with certain pathology such as tuberculosis, other infections, and lung cancer. Hence, it is pertinent for a radiologist to be aware of this variant when reporting chest imaging cases.

Unusual longstanding intrabronchial foreign body masquerading as intractable bronchial asthma in an adult: Case report and literature review

Introduction and importanceTracheo-bronchial foreign body inhalation is a very common encounter in clinical practice among pediatric patients and rarely seen among adults. When inhalation of foreign bodies occurs in adults then it tends to lodge within the right bronchial tree but in children it lodges in the central airways.Case presentationWe present a 58 year old woman, known asthmatic for 20 years and non-smoker who presented to our clinic which history of chronic cough, wheezing and pulmonary infections that did not respond to regular antibiotics and the usual antiasthmatic medications. She reported to have inhaled a foreign body about 18 years earlier. Extraction of the foreign body was performed without complications.Clinical discussionA chest x-ray done was found to be normal and computerized tomography scan (CT scan) of the chest was ordered and revealed bronchial wall thickening with a calcified foreign body seen in the right intermediate bronchus.A combined rigid and flexible endoscopic bronchoscopy was performed and a chicken bone (measuring 2 cm × 1.5 cm) was extracted from the right intermediate bronchus with very minimal bleeding being encountered during and post bronchoscopy. Extraction of the foreign body was performed without complications. Post endoscopic intrabronchial foreign body removal, the patient recovered completely.ConclusionAn intrabronchial foreign body being masked for more than a decade by co-existent bronchial asthma is a rare encounter. Moreover, adult patients with chronic cough should be handled with caution to rule out the possibility of FB aspiration.

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Urinary Incontinence among Elderly in Pekanbaru, Indonesia

Background: The proportion of the elderly in Riau Province was 4.8% higher than that (4.2%) in 2011. Urinary incontinence (UI) is a common health problem among the elderly. This study aims to determine the prevalence and associated factors for UI among the elderly (≥60 years). Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 20 public health centers in Pekanbaru City in 2018. A total of 351 elderly meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Gender, age, education, occupation, marital status, obesity, depression, cognitive impairment, smoking status, history of chronic cough, and history of lower abdominal surgery served as the independent variables and UI as the dependent variable. Data were collected through interviews facilitated by staff trained by the research team. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression with a predictive factor model to assess the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Results: The prevalence of UI was 6%, and the associated factors were chronic cough (prevalence odds ratio = 17.661; 95% CI: 6.380–48.884). Gender, age, education, and lower abdominal surgery were the confounding factors. Conclusions: Health workers at the public health center of Pekanbaru should educate the community and the elderly about the potential causes, prevention, and treatment of UI.

Relationship between age, parity and history of chronic cough as a risk factor for uterine prolapse based on expression of mRNA and soluble protein estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ)

Relationship between age, parity and history of chronic cough as a risk factor for uterine prolapse based on expression of mRNA and soluble protein estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and estrogen receptor beta (ERβ)

Determinants of Pelvic Organ Prolapse among Patients Attending At Hospitals in Southern Ethiopia: A Case Control Study

Background: Pelvic organ prolapse is an anatomic support defect of the pelvic viscera, and may result from a series of long term failure of the supporting and suspension mechanisms of the uterus and the vaginal wall. Objective: The aim of this study intended to assess determinant factors 8of pelvic organ prolapse among patients attending at hospitals in Southern Ethiopia. Methods: This facility-based unmatched case-control study included 416 (104 cases and 312 controls with a case to control ratio of 1:3) participants selected by using simple random sampling technique. Data was collected using interviewer administered questionnaire and the collected data was entered in to Epi data version 3.1 which was then exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. The association between variables was analyzed with bivariate and multi variable logistic regression. A statistical significance was declared at p value < 0.05, with 95% confidence interval. Results: A total number of 401 (104 cases and 297 controls) study participants participated in the present study yielding a response rate of 96.4% (95.2% for controls and 100 % for cases). After adjusting for the possible confounders, Age > 55 years [AOR=13.85, 95% CI (1.27- 26.26)], educational status, no formal education [AOR=1.75, 95% CI (1.58-4.90)], number of delivery > 4 [AOR=5.76, 95% CI (3.88 -9.47)], place of delivery [AOR=1.94, 95% CI (1.03-4.86)], vaginal tear [AOR=2.07, 95% CI (1.33-7.74)], family planning ever use [AOR=0.41, 95% CI (0.27- 0.93)], type of usual work [AOR=2.66, 95% CI (1.42- 8.43)] and history of chronic cough [AOR=11.99, 95% CI (1.21- 21.81)] were found to be significant predictors for pelvic organ prolapse among patients attending at hospitals of Southern Ethiopia. Conclusion: Age, educational status of the respondent, number of delivery, place of delivery, vaginal tear, and type of usual work, family planning ever use and history of chronic cough were found to be significant predicators for pelvic organ prolapse. The regional and zonal health bureau could train health extension workers to encourage women to use family planning and institutional deliveries.