History Of Botulinum Toxin Research Articles

The history of botulinum toxin and its relationship to the skin

Botulinum toxin was first identified as the cause of muscle paralysis in cases of food poisoning in the 1800s. Further study of the toxin gained insight into its mechanism of action and potential for therapeutic use. “Oculinum,” now known as onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox), was approved for clinical use in 1989 for the treatment of strabismus, blepharospasm, and hemifacial spasm. The first published cosmetic use was in 1992 describing successful treatment of glabellar lines. OnabotulinumtoxinA became approved for treatment of rhytides in 2002, followed by abobotulinumtoxinA (Dysport), incobotulinumtoxinA (Xeomin), and prabotulinumtoxinA-xvfs (Jeuveau) in 2009, 2010, and 2019, respectively. Since the initial approval of onabotulinumtoxinA 20 years ago, neuromodulator injection has become the most popular nonsurgical aesthetic procedure in the world.

The history of botulinum toxin in Brazil

The history of botulinum toxin in Brazil

The History of Botulinum Toxins in Medicine: A Thousand Year Journey.

Botulinum toxin is one of the most potent and deadliest substances on earth. Because of its unique mechanism of action at the synaptic junction and the ability to precisely deliver the toxin locally to where it is needed, botulinum toxin has been used as an effective treatment for a plethora of diseases from head to foot, from chronic migraine to ankle spasticity. Unlike systemic drugs, botulinum toxin is delivered by injection to the site of disease. As we will see from the history of botulinum toxin, the ability to deliver the drug locally to minimize the amount of botulinum toxin needed and thereby minimizing systemic exposure has been key to its medical utility. Botulinum toxin was first approved by the US Food and Drug Administration in 1989 for the treatment of blepharospasm and strabismus, but the history starts long before this, with outbreaks of food poisoning in the tenth century. Importantly, the development of botulinum toxins for medical use continues today with the engineering of novel toxins to treat disease.

Botulinum Toxin Application in Facial Esthetics and Recent Treatment Indications (2013-2018).

Background:Ever-changing perception of beauty from childhood to old age is changing with the revolution in cosmeceuticals science. Esthetics is an individual's perception since time immemorial. Standards of beauty have changed through centuries with increased awareness about esthetics. The face remains main source of information for identification and discrimination. It constitutes a structural ground for many nonverbal messages including the emotional state of a person, so the proverb “Face is an index of mind” holds good. The wrinkles and laxity are considered to be one of the factors for aging. Hence, escalating demand for cosmetic treatment to reduce facial wrinkles and laxity has stimulated us to search for published literature for nonsurgical techniques for enhancement of facial beauty. The review analyzed the published data to provide narrative basic review in a concise way to the beginners, clinicians, and students.Materials and Methods:We have adopted search criteria using keywords: Botox, Botulinum toxin, incobotulinumtoxinA, esthetics, face, uses of Botox, with various Boolean operators and or in title, and abstract using PubMed search engine. The database search limited to PubMed only from January 2013 to June 2018.Results:Various search results have been appended as annexures at the end of the article for further reference for the readers. Finally, 17 references were selected to write narrative review to meet our objectives.Conclusion:The advancing front in the use of toxins is an emerging science for the beautification of a face. Botox exploded in to market because of efficacy, tolerability, and minimally invasive nature. The present review gives brief about the history of Botulinum toxin, types, mechanism of action, clinical indications, preparations, storage, and technique for various uses with a brief note on patient selection, contraindications, and complications.

The history of Botulinum toxin: from poison to beauty.

Botulinum toxin, also called the "miracle toxin," is a neurotoxin produced by the bacteria Clostridium botulinum. It is known to block nerve signals that contract muscles resulting in a temporary paralysis of the muscles. Toxins type A and B have been extensively studied and utilized in the realm of beauty and cosmetology. Initially, the toxin gained popularity as a disease-causing "poison". It was only later that it found its way to becoming a must have in modern aesthetic practice. Today, this wonder toxin has proven to be an apt and convenient option in the field of anti-aging medicine.

The role of botulinum toxin A in the management of neurogenic lower urinary tract symptoms

Urinary incontinence associated with neurogenic detrusor overactivity is a common and distressing disorder in patients with chronic neurological conditions. When conservative therapy and antimuscarinic agents fail to treat or improve symptoms, intra-detrusor injections of botulinum toxin A may be considered. This article outlines the history of botulinum toxin A and its use in the management of neurogenic detrusor overactivity. Clinical issues such as patient selection, risks and benefits, and how to appropriately counsel patients prior to considering this treatment are discussed.

Botulinum Toxin: vom Medikament zum Toxin ...

For most of its time, the history of botulinum toxin (BT) has been the history of botulism, i. e. of an intoxication with BT. By the end of the 1960's a paradigm shift took place which in this radicalness had never occurred before in the history of mankind. At that time BT was first used therapeutically to treat strabismus. From ophthalmology BT rapidly spread into numerous medical specialties. For most of its indications BT is the therapy of choice, for some it has revolutionized their treatment altogether. The widespread therapeutic use of BT allowed detailed clinical and technical investigations of BT's action upon the human body. Applying this knowledge we diagnosed for the first time chronic botulism in adults living on a farm with chronic bovine botulism. This constitutes another radical paradigm shift. The history of BT is the history of a dual paradigm shift each time induced by a complete reversal of the viewing perspective. Knowledge gain can be a linear process. It can, however, also be a circular one. Changes of the viewing perspective are crucial. Changing the viewing perspective may facilitate knowledge gain. This might be used to develop an instrument to facilitate knowledge gain.

New Neurotoxins on the Horizon

Toxins isolated from lethal bacteria allow for safe, versatile, and minimally invasive interventions that have revolutionized the field of cosmetic and therapeutic treatments. Botulinum toxins are high-molecular weight proteins produced by Gram-positive, spore-forming Clostridial bacteria. The toxins of 5 distinct strains (A, B, E, F, and G) affect humans. Currently, type A and B toxins are available for the treatment of human diseases in the United States, with type A being the only agent approved for cosmetic use by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. This article reviews the history of botulinum toxin as a cosmetic intervention, discusses its current role in cosmetic treatment, and provides an update of other neurotoxins on the horizon for therapeutic and cosmetic use.

Die Behandlung laryngealer Bewegungsstörungen mit Botulinumtoxinen

Laryngeal dystonia (spasmodic dysphonia) is a movement disorder characterised by involuntary contractions of the laryngeal muscles involved in vocalisation. The introduction of botulinum toxin (BTX) in the treatment of laryngeal dystonia had a major clinical impact due to the striking improvement of symptoms. Most patients with severe types of spasmodic dysphonia are treated with injections of botulinum toxin type A. For patients with a resistance against type A toxin there is a new hypercleaned type A toxin or type B available. Research on type F toxin is also underway. In this article, the history of botulinum toxin, its therapeutic activity and possibilities for its use are described.