History Of Territory Research Articles

Experiencing ‘Taiwanese’ nationhood in the ambivalent heritage from the Japanese colonial era

ABSTRACT This study discusses how ordinary people experienced and reproduced Taiwanese nationhood in response to the ambivalent heritage of the Japanese colonial era. Heritage serves as a crucial instrument to convey the national imagining; nevertheless, it is unclear how ordinary people could gain a national meaning from the colonial-era heritage of hegemonic discourse. By interconnecting the theoretical ideas of ‘imagined community’ and ‘banal nationalism’, semi-structured interviews were conducted in this study to explore how ordinary people appropriated the colonial-era heritage as the notion of a ‘historic territory’ shared by a ‘national we’. Their discussions revealed intelligence attachments, local characteristics, personal memories, and political statements as scenarios from which they obtained gratification and admiration. The results also revealed that these social narratives extended the official narrative to reshape the colonial-era heritage associated with one particular group and era as the property of all Taiwanese, emphasising the recreation of nationhood through a bottom-up force.

Obnova tradic a jejich proměna na příkladu svatodušních obřadů na Moravě a ve Slezsku

The ceremonial chase after the king and the processions of young girls called Little Queens began to disappear from the customary year in Moravia and Silesia in the mid-nineteenth century. Yet these rituals attracted the interest of the prominent ethnographers of the late nineteenth century – František Bartoš, Čeněk Zíbrt and Lucie Bakešová, and in the twentieth century, of e.g. Václav Frolec who studied the Ride of the Kings, and Zdenka Jelínková who was interested in dance suites of the Little Queens. The first documented transformation of these rituals dates back to the period of official bans on skirmishes between Rides of Bachelors (during Pentecost) or carolling, the second one to the 1880s when the rituals began to be performed as part of the folklore movement. They are continuously revived as annual traditions (inspired by ethno-cultural customs). The present study deals with the disappearance and renewal and especially the transformation of boys’ ceremonial horseback processions and girls’ door-to-door processions in the historical territory of Moravia (and in one locality in Opava Silesia), based on participant observation, interviews with informants, and study of literature and sources.

Values-Based Education and the Promotion of Social Participation in Children’s Educational Leisure Organisations

As recent research has shown, the importance of integral development during childhood is a highly relevant issue linked to promoting values and participation styles in healthy and safe leisure environments, which serve as significant educational spaces for participants. Research shows that education in values is a foundation for citizens to commit to others and embrace diversity as a value and an enriching circumstance. In educational leisure spaces for children, personal and group identities are built around equity, justice, and inclusion, all of which generate greater social cohesion. The study universe of this work was made up of non-profit organisations working in the field of children’s educational leisure in the Basque Country, Catalonia, and Madrid. The methodology used was mixed and developed in three phases. The results presented here correspond to the first phase of the study (qualitative method) and focused on a content analysis, for which the categories of analysis related to education in values and the promotion of social participation were identified. Likewise, the results correspond to a specific territorial context, the historical territory of Bizkaia (northern Spain), specifically to ten non-profit organisations that develop their activity in the field of educational leisure time. The results have been organised around education in values, spaces and dynamics for social participation, and the vision of the sector’s future. The results highlight the entities’ role in methodological innovation, ethical commitment, the transmission of values, and the cultivation of participation from an early age through different activities. In conclusion, it emphasises the need for the children’s educational leisure sector to address the challenges of contemporary society.

Risk management of emergency situations caused by flooding of built‐up mountain areas

The purpose of this research work is to develop scientific approaches to solving the problem of increasing the sustainability of urbanised territories through flexible regulation of the groundwater regime. The development of a management solution for flexible regulation is carried out on the basis of the application of methods for solving problems of incorrectness.Materials for the study were data from the study of dangerous hydrogeological processes, systematised, among other matters, based on the results of monitoring natural emergencies at the Research Institute for Civil Defense and Emergency Situations. The approach proposed by the authors is based on the application of a set of methods, including methods of: system analysis, forecasting, numerical modeling, followed by the development of an optimal management solution of emergency situations at the municipal level.As a result of the numerical modeling carried out in the work, the variants of drainage systems and their operating mode are determined within the framework of the implementation of the proposed approach in the simulation mode. This makes it possible to increase the level o f environmental safety of historically developed built‐up areas, including mountainous ones.The article presents a new approach to managing the risk of emergencies in case of flooding of buildings and structures in built‐up mountainous territories, including historical territories. In such territories, the watered soil preserves the cultural layer, which determines the need for flexible regulation of the groundwater regime. The results of the study are used in carrying out research work of the State Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences (GOChS) on the study of dangerous hydrogeological processes and their impact on the environment, life safety, stability of the functioning of economic facilities, monitoring and forecasting of natural emergencies.

Сакрализация намогильных сооружений у адыгов

The article focuses on the most apparent signs of sacralisation in Adyghe funeral buildings. This feature of the people’s funeral and burial culture has received relatively little attention in national Caucasian studies. The work is based on traditional legends and the author’s field materials. The investigation revealed that providing magical characteristics to barrows and tombstones, commemorating the graves of heroically dead individuals slain by lightning, and so on occurred throughout the historical territory of Adyghe habitation. The identification and analysis of several rites performed earlier around graves by both western and eastern Adyge allows us to draw conclusions about the people’s spiritual culture and the common worldview of its representatives. The custom of honouring of grave structures has its roots in antiquity, but many of its echoes are found today, perceived as part of the new monotheistic religion.

Treatment of Out-of-Context Buildings During the Restoration of Historical Territories Using Green Structures

There are historical places with out-of-context buildings, often of low quality. To restore the places, destruction requires heavy machines and may cause strong vibrations and excess load on the historical pavement intensifying destruction and ageing. Giving the appearance of historical objects requires expensive decoration. Hiding by living plants is the most perspective way with positive side effects: thermal insulation, passive air-conditioning, solar radiation control, urban heat island prevention, air cleaning and sanitation, carbon sequestration, noise absorption, better rainwater management, increasing biodiversity, etc. The approach is shown in an example of a bank at the historical centre of Byczyna, Poland. As the building is too large, using a context collage is proposed to show the results. The fears of damage to the structures by fungi and attraction of biting insects are debunked using three ways – analysis of the facing state under the greening, estimation of the critical air state around the greening, and by field studies of the relative humidity under the greening. CFD simulation shows a significant heat insulation effect of the greening in the heating period. The problem of penetration of moustaches into the facing can be solved by winding the ampeleous plants on a wooden lathing or a grid.

Some issues of public and information adaptation to the provisions of Russian foreign policy concept 2023

The importance of this topic is directly related to the problem of misusing the foreign policy terminology towards Russian Southern historical territories, Little Russia, and changing the media and journalism style in the scope of special military operation on liberating Russian territories from the bandera ideology.

Recovery of Velykyi Luh through ecological restoration of the Kakhovka Reservoir

The relevance of modern environmental issues requires comprehensive approaches to the restoration and preservation of natural ecosystems, specifically through ecological restoration as a tool to eliminate the effects of anthropogenic interventions. The purpose of this study was to survey the territory of the Kakhovka Reservoir using remote sensing and to propose a way to restore the historical territory of the Kakhovka Reservoir of Velykyi Luh. The following research methods were employed: empirical, analysis and systematisation, remote sensing, geographic information systems. The study consisted of two main stages. The first stage included an analysis of the dynamics of the historical territory of Veliky Luh, from the end of the 19th century to the present day. The second stage involved comparing the dynamics of the area’s restoration using 19th-century mapping data and 21st-century satellite imagery. The use of modern technologies, including the analysis of satellite images of the degraded area and three indices of the EO Browser software, such as the differential vegetation index, the normalised differential humidity index, and the differential water index, helped to obtain data on the state of vegetation and water resources in the study area. The analysis of the patterns between these indicators made it possible to determine the close interaction between plant growth rates and their moisture availability. The biomass growth on the territory of the Kakhovka Reservoir was measured from the moment of dewatering to November 2023. The results obtained indicate that it is possible to effectively restore the ecosystem of the Velykyi Luh through ecological restoration. This process involves the selection of optimal biotopes for the restoration of the historic area, which is a crucial step in conserving biodiversity and stabilising the natural environment in the Kakhovka Reservoir. The findings of the study on a new approach to ecological restoration based on high-precision technologies and in-depth analysis of ecosystem dynamics will contribute to the development of scientific approaches to the restoration of natural landscapes and will be an important contribution to modern environmental practice

Civilizational Approach to the Study of Ethnocultural Identity Problem

The problem of ethnocultural identity as a person’s idea of oneself, formed when a person realizes one’s own involvement in a particular ethnic group according to certain parameters of ethnogenesis: racial-biological (ancestral roots), climatic-geographical (historical territory) and sociocultural (the history of one’s people, ethnic symbols of culture and religion, etc.) – is directly related to the problem of studying cultural and historical features of individual countries and regions development in the context of a civilizational approach. The purpose of this work is a theoretical analysis of the civilizational approach, the possibility of its application in the study of the problem of young people’s ethnocultural identity formation based on folk traditions, customs and rituals. The source of the material was articles published in periodicals (Identities-Global Studies in Culture and Power, Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, European Journal of Social Theory, etc., as well as publications of famous researchers (Vengerov A.B., Kornetov G.B., Panarin A.S., Toynbee A.J., Spengler, O., Huntington S.P., etc.). The following general scientific research methods are used to achieve the goal: analysis of scientific sources and synthesis of various theories and concepts on the research problem, their comparison, generalization of research results, identification of features of the civilizational approach in terms of studying possible ways of ethnocultural identity formation were used. The application of dialectical analysis of the designated problem allowed the authors to study ethnocultural identity phenomenon in the universal interrelation of philosophical, sociological and pedagogical sciences, to identify patterns and trends inherent in the process of ethnocultural identity formation, which combined all the versatile aspects into a single integrity and revealed on the basis of this a general holistic picture of the process of ethnocultural identity formation. Possible directions in the work on this phenomenon formation are identified: reliance on mankind’s cumulative experience, on the achievements of all sciences and culture in general; the study of ethnoculture and all its structural elements; the study of the world historical and pedagogical process in the center of which is a person who masters the culture created by previous generations and transforms this culture and oneself in the course of this development. The significance of the obtained results is that the civilizational approach allows, firstly, to carry out a retrospective analysis of the problem of young people’s ethnocultural identity formation based on folk traditions, customs and rituals in the context of the dynamics of the past, present and future; secondly, to justify the need to form young people’s ethnocultural identity formation based on folk traditions, customs and rituals as one of the significant components in the system of individual’s self-image; thirdly, to substantiate the possibility of using ethnoculture, the core of which are traditions, customs and rituals as the basic values of each nation, in the process of young people’s ethnocultural identity formation in modern sociocultural conditions.

Virgin Oil Lands Conquered?

Abstract The historical memory of Siberia is heterogeneous and diverse; different parts of this region have their own emphases in the politics of historical memory. This article focuses on the historical memory of Yugra (a historical territory roughly coterminous with the Khanty-Mansiiskii Autonomous Okrug), as it is from this territory that the development of Siberian oil lands began. Oil has become the central focus of memory for the northern region of Western Siberia, and oil workers are symbols of territorial development in Yugra. The creation of the oil and gas complex is portrayed as a victory over nature, and oil workers are portrayed not only as pioneers who opened the region, but also as soldiers.

Proper Names as an Ethnocultural Text: Nogai Place Names as Determinants of Ethnic Memory

The toponymy of any region contains information about the most important stages in the history of the material and spiritual culture of the people, behind each geographical name there is a historical reality. The toponymic system of each language in verbalized form reflects the historical, social, linguistic and ethno-cultural features of the ethnic group. Toponyms can exist on the map for a long time and remain relevant throughout the history of the people. The migration routes of the Nogais in the expanses of Eurasia are marked by toponyms preserved on maps of many historical territories and states, in archives and written monuments, oral folk art, ethnic memory of peoples. Nogai toponyms are scattered – from the Irtysh to the Danube, from Issyk-Kul to the Mediterranean Sea. In the toponymy of Eurasia, a significant trace was left by the eponym Nogai, immortalized in time and space. Geographical names with the name Nogai are recorded in the toponymy of different peoples inhabiting Russia and abroad in the toponymy of Adygea and North Ossetia, Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, Bashkortostan and Tatarstan, Central Asia. Nogai ethnonyms have been preserved in the names of numerous settlements in Türkiye. The ma- terial given by the author in this article has a huge cultural potential, declares the fact of the cultural and historical value of each geographical name.

Filmmaking as Cultural Aggression


 
 
 The article discusses cinematic depopulation, the strategy of appropriation of the colonized by the colonizer widely used in the Soviet and post-Soviet cinema made in Ukraine and Russia and, until now, never analyzed in academic literature. The cinematic depopulation is a mode of filmic representation whereby a given ethnoscape (Ukraine) is cleansed of its national community (Ukrainians) and instead is populated by the colonizer (Russians) as if it were an integral part of his historical territory. As a form of cultural imperialism, this strategy has, until quite recently, been widely used in both Soviet and post-Soviet Russian and Ukrainian filmmaking to promote the idea of Ukraine conceivable outside of and without the Ukrainian language, culture, and other attributes of Ukrainian identity.
 
 

Vliyanie migracionnyh processov na etnodemograficheskuyu i konfessional'nuyu situaciyu v Elizavetpol'skoj gubernii v 1868–1900 gg.

The article studies the impact of migration processes on the ethno-demographic and confessional situation of the population in the last quarter of the 19th century in Yelizavetpol governorate, which was created in the historical territory of Azerbaijan when it was a colony of the Russian Empire. Qualitative and quantitative changes in the ethnic composition of the population are monitored based on the analysis of a wide range of sources. In the context of the resettlement policy of the Russian Empire, the settlement of Germans, Armenians, and Russians in the territory of the governorate is highlighted. The changes caused by the migration, especially the religious minorities transferred from the central provinces of Russia are analyzed.

Theoretical foundations of public administration in the sphere of formation of national identity

Theoretical foundations of public administration in the sphere of formation of national identity

Investigating the Impact of Dari-Persian Language in Asia of Saghir (Turkey)

Given the greatness of ancient works in Dari-Persian, the viewer is very likely to imagine that all these works were written in the same region where Dari-Persian is predominant today. For this reason, the current research attempts a great attention to the historical territory of the Dari Persian language and should be recognized and relied on, which is more famous among other nations, but the place where it was produced was the place where the Dari Persian language has been closed and abandoned due to some reasons. Such a place that witnessed this event and where the known works belong is Asia Saghir (now Turkey). Centuries before today, Turkey was one of the major platforms for the rise of the Dari-Persian language. Dozens of books on philosophy, literature, medicine and poetry have been published, which can be found in the world`s prestigious libraries, even in some ancient buildings of Turkey. The method used in this study was qualitative approach with library techniques. Its basic sources are the books that are mostly written in connection with the study of Dari Persian language in Asia of Saghir.

The annexation of independent Georgia by Soviet Russia and the first armed protests

The work shows armed protests that began several months after the annexation of independent Georgia by Soviet Russia. The reason for these events was the loss of Georgia’s independence, the alienation of its historic territories and brutal repression. The rebellion first started in Svaneti and soon almost all Georgia was covered. The new government-revolutionary committee of Georgia, by resolution of October 7, 1921, created special purpose units, which should strongly suppress anti-Soviet speech. The Svaneti uprising has caused great international resonance. Despite its failure, it has been of great importance, because it was in the vanguard of the National Liberation Movement of the 1920s. The defeat of the urpising was followed by severe repression by the Bolshevik authorities. The revolts in Khevsureti, Tusheti, Pshavi, Kakheti, Kartli, Guria olsou caused great resonance. The failure was caused by the local nature of the battles and the disagreements that arose between the parties. If the National Democrats were supportive of the struggle, the Social Democrats would rather be in favor of an agreement with the Bolsheviks. Despite the defeat, there was preparation for a larger uprising in Georgia, but unfortunately they did not take into account past mistakes. It was impossible to overthrow the Soviet government even in the event of a general uprising. Even if the rebellion were to succeed, they could not survive without the help of Europe, because Europe would not easily intervene in the struggle against Greater Russia. One solution remained to draw the attention of the great European countries to the rebellion and hope for their help.

RECONSTRUCTION OF THE HISTORICAL PLANNING OF THE QUARTER WITH THE FORMATION OF MODERN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN THE HISTORICAL BUILDING IN LUBEK

The article notes that the preservation of historical urban planning is an important aspect of modern urban planning, which contributes to the preservation of cultural heritage and the formation of the city's identity. However, to achieve this goal, a scientific approach is necessary, which includes a detailed analysis of the territory, research of historical archives and documents, design and implementation of plans taking into account modern requirements for urban planning. The article pays special attention to historical styles of planning quarters and districts, particularly in old cities such as Kyiv. It is noted that preservation of historical urban planning can be a difficult task due to the fact that it often does not meet modern requirements, for example, to ensure the comfort of residents and insolation. Therefore, it is important to strike a balance between the preservation of the historical territory and compliance with modern urban planning requirements. In general, the article provides clear examples of how historical urban planning can be preserved and ensured its compliance with modern requirements of urban planning, which is an important element of the formation of the cultural heritage and identity of the city.
 In addition, the article compares different approaches to the development of urban planning in new districts of European cities, in particular, Amsterdam and Kyiv. Attention is drawn to the development of green areas and open spaces in new districts and their harmonious combination with historical planning. An example of a new district of modern housing in Amsterdam is given, which continues the theme of the development of quarter buildings of the city's historical planning.
 Special attention is paid in the article to the problem of restoration of historical planning in the districts of the old city. The example of the "Founding Quarter" of the German city of LЯbeck is used to analyze this issue. The reasons for the destruction of the historical core of the city, the modernist features of reconstruction in the post-war period are considered and analyzed. The modern project of restoration of this district with the return of historical streets, layout of buildings, their separate volumes was analyzed.

PRESERVATION OF THE HISTORICAL PART OF THE CITY OF BELGOROD AS A CULTURAL AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE OF THE REGION

One of the main priorities of urban development programs of our time is the preservation and regeneration of cultural heritage. The process of preserving historical territories in the city center is an effective solution to strategic urban development tasks that can affect neighboring territories. Most of the territories of the Belgorod OCN are now located in the central part of the city and occupy a significant part of its territory. In the future of development, it is possible to create open-air museums with the creation of new public spaces. The analysis of the means of application and world experience of the modern process of museification of the historical part of the city is carried out. The main qualities that historical buildings should have in modern use in order to achieve a high level of comfort are determined. The existing system of the historical center of the city of Belgorod and its elements in the form of historical and architectural monuments is analyzed. An urban planning analysis of the location of the last Belgorod fortress in the historical center of the city was carried out. The factors that influence the definition of the subject area of projects for the transformation of historical territories are identified: external (social, environmental, urban planning, security and rehabilitation) and internal (economic, planning, constructive, aesthetic). The concept of the conservation project proposal should be based on a comprehensive museification of historical and cultural heritage objects located within the boundaries of the territory of the historical center of the city.

GEOECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS UPON IMPROVEMENT OF HISTORIC CITIES AND PRESERVATION OF HISTORIC URBAN HERITAGE

In spite of the fact that almost everywhere in the territories of historic cities, under the influence of the shortcomings of landscaping, there is a progressive technogenesis of the geological environment and groundwater, which can lead to the destruction of architectural monuments and historically valuable buildings, this problem remains poorly studied. Given the enormous scale of work on the improvement of the historical territories, which is planned to perform under the national projects and municipal programs, the study of this direction to improve the design methodology and engineering surveys as an objective basis for the development of design decisions, is very relevant. For the historical territories of cities that include architectural monuments and valuable buildings, specialized methods of design and engineering and environmental surveys, geoecological monitoring, including measures to ensure the preservation of cultural heritage, are necessary. The article provides a review of literary sources, analysis of examples, and actual data confirming the impact of landscaping factors on the state of cultural heritage sites (CHS). The most significant in terms of the impact on the geological environment and, accordingly, on the preservation of monuments of architecture are the shortcomings of vertical planning and drainage. In the conditions of high-density housing development, the unsatisfactory improvement can stimulate the processes of underflooding, suffosion, and karst, as well as the general technogenesis of soils, and loss of the bearing capacity of the bases and foundations. Underflooding of basements, “soaking” of walls, and formation of cracks on facades can be observed in architectural monuments and historical buildings. The study summarizes the observations and results obtained by the authors – representatives of various specialties (engineers, geologist, architect-restorer) at various stages of their creative work and takes into account the long experience of OOO “IGBI” on the design of improvement on the historical territories of Moscow.

ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОХРАНЕНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ ИСТОРИЧЕСКИХ АРХИТЕКТУРНЫХ КОМПЛЕКСОВ ЖЕЛЕЗНЫХ ДОРОГ

The article considers and analyzes the main features of the formation of architectural ensembles of railways, which determine the principles of their preservation and development. The method of system analysis was applied on the materials of archival and bibliographic sources, field studies, legal acts and project documentation in the field of state protection of cultural heritage objects. 
 The main historical stages of the construction of railways and their types - mainline, suburban, urban were studied. The connection of historical stages and types of railways with the principles of station placement is revealed. The main types of station placement are identified - in existing settlements or in previously uninhabited areas, which determine their object composition and protection features - as mono-complexes or polycentric complexes at various urban planning levels - a separate object, a station complex, a set of railway stations. It has been established that the main basic characteristic of railway stations, which determine their historical and cultural value, especially in small towns, is the complexity of their development. At the same time, the most common type of development is based on standard projects, in connection with which each building separately does not have an independent historical and cultural value, and it does not seem appropriate to protect individual buildings.
 On the example of the historical station Nyandoma of the Northern Railway, such a tool for the integrated protection and development of historical territories as a place of interest is considered. The principles of the formation of historical railway stations and scientific and methodological issues in the field of their integrated protection and development on the basis of the type of cultural heritage object - a place of interest are established.