Historical Analysis Of Role Research Articles

Bicameralism in a Federation: An Historical Analysis of Role of Senate in Promoting Federalism in Pakistan

Bicameralism is an essential feature of federalism. It is indispensable for a federation to safeguard the rights of smaller units and to accommodate the diversity in the legislature. For this purpose, the upper house of the bicameral legislature, known variously including the Senate, provides a feasible platform to the units for representation on the principle of equality. Therefore, it is almost evitable for all federations, to have the upper house. Pakistan adopted bicameralism in 1973, though it became a federation in 1947 but remained under a unicameral legislature according to early two constitutions (of 1956 and 1962) which severely compromised the basic essentials of federalism. However, the Constitution of 1973 finally provided a bicameral legislature for the development of federalism. Even then the country could not flourish as a true federation and the Senate could not perform its basic functions well. What actually have been the lacunas in the working of the Senate and what can be the possible remedies for them, this study aims to investigate the answers to such questions.

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740–1891. By John T. Flint. Arnold and Caroline Rose Monograph Series of the American Sociological Association. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. xvi + 148 pp. $34.50.

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740–1891. By John T. Flint. Arnold and Caroline Rose Monograph Series of the American Sociological Association. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1990. xvi + 148 pp. $34.50.

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891.

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891.

John T. Flint. <italic>Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740–1891</italic>. (The Arnold and Caroline Rose Monograph Series of the American Sociological Association.) New York: Cambridge University Press. 1990. Pp. xv, 148

John T. Flint. <italic>Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740–1891</italic>. (The Arnold and Caroline Rose Monograph Series of the American Sociological Association.) New York: Cambridge University Press. 1990. Pp. xv, 148

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891.

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891.

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891

List of tables Preface Note on Norwegian place names Map of provinces and dioceses of Norway, c. 1865 1. Introduction 2. Clerical generations, educational role systems, and lay religiosity, 1740-1840 3. Organizational indicators of religious differentiation in Norwegian society, 1850-91 4. Elite literacy and styles of religious expression 5. Mass educational experience and styles of religious expression 6. Religious diversity and the ambiguity of secularity Notes Bibliography Index.

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Religious Change: Mass Educational Development in Norway, 1740-1891

Historical Role Analysis in the Study of Secularization: The Laity/Clergy Ratio in Norway 1800-1950

C URRENT DISCUSSIONS of the process of secularization suffer from a paucity of quantitative longitudinal studies of religious change. This paper is one in a series' exploring the utility of historical role analysis in the study of secularization. It proposes one aspect of Norway's religious role system from 1800 to 1950the laity/clergy ratio-as the single most promising quantitative indicator of secularization available to the historical sociologist. An effort is made to determine first the internal and secondly the external validity of this ratio as an indicator.2 The objective, in short, is methodological and technical, rather than substantive.