Hill Building Research Articles

Zip-tie guys: military-grade radicalization among Capitol Hill insurrectionists

ABSTRACT Among rioters storming the Capitol Hill building in Washington, DC, on January, 6, 2021, two men carried zip ties, presumably for restraining lawmakers. The Zip-Tie Guys, as the media dubbed the duo, shared little except their path to radicalization through Risk and Status Seeking. This paper analyzes radicalization of the Zip-Tie guys in the context of the larger problem: radicalization in the U.S. military and among veterans. Other mechanisms contributing to radicalization in military training are Group Isolation and Threat, Group Polarization, and Slippery Slope. After retiring, many veterans are also experiencing the radicalizing effects of Unfreezing. Tracking and countering radicalization in active military and in military veterans might be prudent.

TRUMP’S STRATEGIES IN HIS SPEECH: A POLITENESS STRATEGIES APPROACH

This study was aimed to investigate politeness strategies of President Donald John Trump’s speech conducted on 21st January 2017 at Capitol Hill building in Washington DC. This study applied politeness theory of Brown and Levinson (1987) particularly positive and negative politeness strategies. The research data analyzed through a descriptive – qualitative method because the data was speech text. This study found 30 positive politeness strategies of the Donald John Trump’s speech text. While 1 negative politeness strategies data was only 1 data found. the other aim was to identify, the most frequency used of the strategy was strategy 10, found 9 times used (29%). This study concluded that Trump tended to use strategy 10 of positive politeness rather than the other strategies because he aimed to attract the audiences of the American people by promising something to the people that he wanted to make the audiences more happily in order the American people driven to vote for him in the Presidential election. Keywords: Positive, Negative Politeness Strategies, and Speech Text

Effect of Un-reinforced Masonry Infills on Seismic Performance of Hill Buildings

The present study investigates the influence of un-reinforced masonry infill panels on the seismic performance of stepback and stepback-setback hill building configurations. Masonry infills are often used for partition in RC frame construction and its significance as a structural element in the analysis and design is generally neglected. Thus, to observe the structural effect on the seismic response of hill buildings, masonry infill panels are modelled as diagonal struts and analysed as truss elements. In all, sixteen models with and without masonry infills are modelled and analyzed by using response spectrum method and dynamic properties are presented and compared within considered configurations. It is observed that masonry infills not only reduce overall storey drift and base shear at different foundation levels but also increase the shear demand in the surrounding frame due to high lateral stiffness when subjected seismic loads. It is concluded that the masonry infill panels entirely change the seismic response of a building and thus, it is important to incorporate these elements in the analysis and design of the building structure, in order to understand the true structural response.

New Approach Based on Termite's Hill Building for Prediction of Successful Simulations in Climate Models

Quantitative analysis of the failures and crashes in simulation of climate models can yield useful insights to better understanding and improvement of the models results using Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) class. In this paper, the authors propose a new technique inspired by termite's hill building behavior to analyze a series of simulation in climate models and predict which one was succeeded within the Parallel Ocean Program (POP2) component of the community Climate System Model (CCSM4). The authors' approach is a distance based approach used to predict the success of the values of 18 POP2 parameters. And in order to predict better results, they used for each experiment one of the studies as a training set and two as a test set, then they used two of the studies as a training set and one as a test set. Results of classification were very satisfactory (Accuracy > 0.87). This paper gives a very useful method to quantify, predict, and understand simulation success in climate models.

Bat-termite: a novel hybrid bio inspired routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks

In this paper, the authors have proposed a novel hybrid bio-inspired routing protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks MANETs, referred to as bat-termite, by combining the unique features of both social insect termites and mammals bats. The primary objective of the proposed work is to design an adaptive routing protocol for MANETs based on the hill building nature of the termites. The secondary objective of the proposed work is to improve the backup route maintenance of the proposed algorithm using the echo-location feature of the bats. The proposed bat-termite algorithm exhibits superior routing features such as quick route discovery, high robustness with efficient management of multiple routes and rapid route repair. The bat-termite algorithm is simulated in NS-2 and the simulation results are compared with the bio-inspired termite and D-Termite and non bio-inspired AODV and AOMDV routing protocols from the performance evaluation point of view.

Provident Routing Scheme Rely on Swarm Astuteness for MANET

Mobile Ad-Hoc Network dynamically changes its topology and also it doesn’t have proper infrastructure. So, it is necessary to provide the route stability. Already several routing methodologies are available for MANET. But those are not take the delay occurs in the network into account. As the topology of the network is dynamically changed, the route failure occurs frequently. Alternate route should be selected to route the data to its destination. The alternate route may be shortest path or it may not be. So, the concept of swarm astuteness is included in order to route the data reliably and quickly. The hill building behavior of termite inspires to find the alternate shortest path in the dynamic environment. In biological context, the termites are using pheromone to find out the path to reach the destination. Similarly, in this paper the pheromone table is maintained for each node. The MANET uses the hill building behavior of termite to discover the route dynamically which provides better packet delivery and decreases the control overhead.

Termite-hill: Performance optimized swarm intelligence based routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks

A wireless sensor network (WSN) is a large collection of sensor nodes with limited power supply, constrained memory capacity, processing capability, and available bandwidth. The main problem in event gathering in wireless sensor networks is the formation of energy-holes or hot spots near the sink. Due to the restricted communication range and high network density, events forwarding in sensor networks is very challenging, and require multi-hop data forwarding. Improving network lifetime and network reliability are the main factors to consider in the research associated with WSN. In static wireless sensor networks, sensors nodes close to the sink node run out of energy much faster than nodes in other parts of the monitored area. The nodes near the sink are more likely to use up their energy because they have to forward all the traffic generated by the nodes farther away to the sink. The uneven energy consumption results in network partitioning and limit the network lifetime. To this end, we propose an on-demand and multipath routing algorithm that utilizes the behavior of real termites on hill building termed Termite-hill which support sink mobility. The main objective of our proposed algorithm is to efficiently relay all the traffic destined for the sink, and also balance the network energy. The performance of our proposed algorithm was tested on static, dynamic and mobile sink scenarios with varying speed, and compared with other state-of-the-art routing algorithms in WSN. The results of our extensive experiments on Routing Modeling Application Simulation Environment (RMASE) demonstrated that our proposed routing algorithm was able to balance the network traffic load, and prolong the network lifetime.

20th National Meeting of the British Neuroscience Association

20th National Meeting of the British Neuroscience Association

A SIMPLIFIED METHOD FOR ELASTIC SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF HILL BUILDINGS

Buildings on hill slope are highly irregular and asymmetric in plan and elevation. They are subjected to severe torsion in addition to lateral forces under the action of earthquakes. In the present study, simplified 3D dynamic analysis of hill buildings based on transformation of stiffness and mass of various components about a common arbitrarily-chosen reference axis is presented. Few actual hill building problems have been analysed with the simplifed method and the rigorous method of analysis. The results of the two methods of analysis advocate the use of the simplified method in the Code of Practices of different countries. With the use of the simplified method, the configurations for buildings on hill slope can be decided by taking various trial configurations so as to obtain the most economical and safe design from the seismic point of view.

Population studies on hill building wood-ants of the Formica rufa-group.

Population studies on hill building wood-ants of the Formica rufa-group.Total inventories of inhabited ant hills of the Formica rufa-group were carried out in a part of the Black Forest amounting to 1,640 ha (4,100 acres) near Freiburg im Breisgau on five occasions during the period 1966-1978. Nest densities of 12.7 to 19.1 per 100 ha were recorded. Mean annual nest mortality for the three most abundant species (F. rufa, F. polyctena, F. pratensis) was 21-33% (Table 2); it remained almost the same during all intervals between inventories for all age classes studied (Fig. 2). The mean annual nest natality varied between 31 and 51%. It was therefore concluded that changes in the numbers of ant hills (Fig. 1) resulted from nest natality rather than from the reasonably stable nest mortality. Nest size was assessed by height and diameter. The development of nest size showed a marked increase with age for F. rufa and F. polyctena reaching a maximum at 2-5 years. Mean life expectancy of small nests was markedly lower than that of larger nests (Fig. 3). Consequently in the large size classes the numbers of old nests were significantly greater than the numbers of newly founded nests (Fig. 4). Results are compared with those recorded in the literature for palearctic and nearctic species belonging to the Formica rufa-group.