High Response Research Articles

Bimekizumab 4-year Maintenance of Responses in Week 16 Responders with Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis: Results from the BE BRIGHT Open-label Extension Phase 3 Trial

Introduction: Psoriasis is a chronic disease where loss of response to biologic therapies over time is commonly observed; studying long-term efficacy of new treatments is important.1 Maintenance of high responses to bimekizumab (BKZ) has been reported through 3 years (yrs) in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.2 This study evaluates the maintenance of clinical responses over 4 years among patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis who achieved complete or near-complete skin clearance after 16 weeks (wks) of BKZ treatment and entered the BE BRIGHT open-label extension. Responses were compared over 4 years between all patients who were randomized to BKZ and continued to receive bimekizumab (320 mg every 4 wks [Q4W] or Q8W) in the open-label extension, and those who received the BKZ dosing regimen that is approved for most patients: BKZ 320 mg Q4W to Wk 16 followed by 320 mg Q8W. Methods: Patients completing the 52-wk BE VIVID or 56-wk BE SURE/BE READY phase 3 trials could enter the BE BRIGHT open-label extension (OLE).2–5 Maintenance of PASI90/PASI100 (≥90%/100% improvements from baseline in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) to Yr4 (OLE Wk144) was assessed in Wk16 responders. Analyzed patients were randomized to BKZ 320 mg Q4W to Wk16, received BKZ Q4W or Q8W until OLE entry, then BKZ Q4W or Q8W dependent on PASI response/prior dose (BKZ Total); the subset who received BKZ Q4W/Q8W/Q8W (initial/maintenance/OLE) were also analyzed. All received BKZ Q8W from OLE Wk48 or at their next scheduled visit. Patients who discontinued due to lack of efficacy/treatment-related adverse events were considered non-responders; multiple imputation was used for all other missing data (modified non-responder imputation). Results: Of 989 BKZ-randomized patients, 87.5% achieved PASI90 and 62.7% PASI100 at Wk16 (non-responder imputation). 693 Wk16 PASI90 and 503 PASI100 responders entered the OLE (BKZ Total); 186 and 147, respectively, received BKZ Q4W/Q8W/Q8W. 87.7%/73.3% of Wk16 PASI90/PASI100 responders maintained their responses to Yr4 (BKZ Total). In the Q4W/Q8W/Q8W subset, 89.0%/76.7% maintained their responses to Yr4. Conclusions: Among Wk16 responders, high efficacy responses were sustained through 4 yrs of BKZ treatment, including patients who received the approved Q4W/Q8W/Q8W dosing regimen.

Programming the Dynamic Range of Nanochannel Biosensors for MicroRNA Detection Through Allosteric DNA Probes

AbstractSolid‐state nanochannel biosensors are extensively utilized for microRNA (miRNA) detection owing to their high sensitivity and rapid response. However, conventional nanochannel biosensors face limitations in their fixed dynamic range, restricting their versatility and efficacy. Herein, we introduce tunable triblock DNA probes with varying affinities for target miRNA to engineer solid‐state nanochannel biosensors capable of customizable dynamic range adjustment. The triblock DNA architecture comprises a poly‐adenine (polyA) block for adjustable surface density anchoring, alongside stem and loop blocks for modulating structural stability. Through systematic manipulation of these blocks, we demonstrate the ability to achieve diverse target binding affinities and detection limits, achieving an initial 81‐fold dynamic range. By combining probes with various affinities, we extend this dynamic range significantly to 10,900‐fold. Furthermore, by implementing a sequestration mechanism, the effective dynamic range of the nanochannel biosensor is narrowed to only a 3‐fold span of target concentrations. The customizable dynamic range of these advanced nanochannel biosensors makes them highly promising for a broad spectrum of biomedical and clinical applications.

Quasi-Single-Crystal Tin Halide Perovskite Films with High Structural Integrity for Near-Infrared Imaging Array Enabling Hidden Object Recognition.

Near-infrared (NIR) image sensors based on solution-processed thin film are gaining prominence in various applications, including security detection, remote sensing, medical imaging, and environmental monitoring, owing to superior penetration capabilities of NIR light. However, the reported perovskite image sensors suffer from limited resolution and performance due to poor structural integrity, bioincompatibility, and constrained response wavelength range from lead-based perovskite materials employed. In this study, we present non-toxic quasi-single-crystal (QSC) CH(NH2)2SnI3 (FASnI3) perovskite films, prepared via a simple spin-coating technique, that demonstrate high structural integrity and effective NIR response. Through a series of in situ characterizations, we reveal that the orderly growth mode of QSC-FASnI3 perovskite films enables a more oriented crystal growth with reduced trap and grain boundaries. Consequently, self-powered NIR photodetector based on QSC-FASnI3 films exhibited large detectivity over 1013 Jones in the NIR range (780-890 nm). Ultimately, due to the high structural integrity, the high-resolution 64×64 (4096) pixels NIR imaging array, exhibiting reduced photo and dark response non-uniformity value, was fabricated on the thin-film transistors (TFT) backplanes, enabling ultraweak NIR light (63 nW cm-2) real-time imaging, fingerprint imaging, and hidden object recognition. This work pioneers the application of lead-free perovskite for high-resolution NIR imaging arrays.

Quasi‐Single‐Crystal Tin Halide Perovskite Films with High Structural Integrity for Near‐Infrared Imaging Array Enabling Hidden Object Recognition

AbstractNear‐infrared (NIR) image sensors based on solution‐processed thin film are gaining prominence in various applications, including security detection, remote sensing, medical imaging, and environmental monitoring, owing to superior penetration capabilities of NIR light. However, the reported perovskite image sensors suffer from limited resolution and performance due to poor structural integrity, bioincompatibility, and constrained response wavelength range from lead‐based perovskite materials employed. In this study, we present non‐toxic quasi‐single‐crystal (QSC) CH(NH2)2SnI3 (FASnI3) perovskite films, prepared via a simple spin‐coating technique, that demonstrate high structural integrity and effective NIR response. Through a series of in situ characterizations, we reveal that the orderly growth mode of QSC‐FASnI3 perovskite films enables a more oriented crystal growth with reduced trap and grain boundaries. Consequently, self‐powered NIR photodetector based on QSC‐FASnI3 films exhibited large detectivity over 1013 Jones in the NIR range (780–890 nm). Ultimately, due to the high structural integrity, the high‐resolution 64×64 (4096) pixels NIR imaging array, exhibiting reduced photo and dark response non‐uniformity value, was fabricated on the thin‐film transistors (TFT) backplanes, enabling ultraweak NIR light (63 nW cm−2) real‐time imaging, fingerprint imaging, and hidden object recognition. This work pioneers the application of lead‐free perovskite for high‐resolution NIR imaging arrays.

Predicting Response Rates Once Again

We investigate the relation between a survey’s response burden and response rate, differentiating recruitment efforts and incentives paid. The results indicate that the effect of response burden is more negative than previously expected. Recruitment shifts the response curve upwards, while incentives flatten it. Surveys beyond 2,000 points appear overly burdensome, sustaining high response rates only through recruitment coupled with incentives. Without incentives, the level effect of recruitment quickly vanishes. Contrary to previous findings, we can not identify a negative time-trend. The data, functions and workflow underlying this analysis are organized as an R-package to foster a collective effort towards understanding response rates.

Graphene/black phosphorus-based infrared metasurface absorbers with van der Waals Schottky junctions

Black phosphorus (BP) is a promising candidate for fabricating infrared (IR) photodetectors because its bandgap in the IR region can be controlled by varying the number of layers. BP-based metasurfaces have attracted considerable attention for applications in wavelength-selective and/or polarization-selective IR absorbers. Graphene and BP (Gr/BP) van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures are expected to enhance the performance of BP-based IR photodetectors. However, the Gr/BP vdW heterostructure forms a Schottky junction; thus, the electron transfer between Gr and BP should be investigated to determine the precise optical properties of Gr/BP vdW heterostructure-based metasurfaces. In this study, the electron transfer in the Gr/BP vdW heterostructure is investigated theoretically. The metasurface absorber structure proposed based on the results comprises periodic Gr/BP vdW heterostructure strips on top, a middle dielectric layer, and a bottom reflector. Numerical calculations indicated that the Gr/BP vdW heterostructure has strong wavelength- and polarization-selective near-unity IR absorption. The absorbance is increased and absorption wavelength is shortened compared with those of the monolayer-BP-based metasurface. The absorption wavelength can be controlled by changing the width of the Gr/BP strips owing to the hybrid localized surface plasmons of Gr/BP. This is attributed to the electron transfer through the Schottky junction between Gr and BP with enhanced localized surface plasmon resonance. The results suggest that the Gr/BP vdW heterostructure is a promising platform for realizing wavelength-selective and/or polarization-selective IR photodetectors and IR absorbers/emitters. The resulting photodetectors exhibit high responsivity and low noise because the BP bandgap corresponds to the IR wavelength region.

Novel Insights into the Enrichment Pattern of Aroma and Taste in Cooked Marinated Meat Products of Black Pork via Typical Process Steps

This study aims to reveal the evolution mechanism of odour and taste active compounds in cooked marinated pork knuckles via typical process steps; among them, the brine soup stage was the most important part due to spices’ enriching flavours. These results revealed that the content and diversity of volatile compounds increased due to the addition of spices and heating temperature, imparting a unique aroma. Aldehydes played the main role in the overall odour. Benzaldehyde, hexanal, 1-octen-3-ol, levulinic acid, hydroxyacetone, ethyl octanoate, and 2-pentyl-furan were identified as the most important odour-active compounds. The key taste-active amino acids were glutamine, leucine, valine, and lysine. The IMP, AMP, and GMP provided a strong umami taste. Taste nucleotides and Val, Leu, Ile, and Phe were important precursor substances for aldehydes. The high responses of the electronic nose indicated that the gas component contained alkanes, alcohols, and aldehydes. The synergistic effects between umami-free amino acids and nucleotides correlated well with umami, as assessed by the electronic tongue. These results could be a starting point for the manufacturing industry, contributing to a better understanding of product performance.

Evaluation of flavor characteristics in Chinese wheat flour paste using electronic-nose, electronic-tongue, and headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry at different fermentation stages.

Wheat flour paste is a typical Chinese fermented food, valued for its distinct flavors and health benefits. However, evidence regarding volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Chinese wheat flour paste is limited. This study aims to examine the effect of fermentation on the VOCs and their physicochemical properties. Chinese wheat flour paste fermented at different stages was characterized using headspace gas chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) with an electronic nose (E-nose) and an electronic tongue (E-tongue). The results revealed that around 76 VOCs were found in Chinese wheat flour paste from all stages of fermentation. These included esters, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, acids, furans, and pyrazines. The E-tongue and E-nose analyses also showed high responses for saltiness, umami, WIW, and W5S. The fermentation process changed the color of the wheat flour paste, and the taste, and smell parameters. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed that taste parameters were positively associated with the volatile flavor profile detected in wheat flour paste. Partial least squares discriminant analysis also identified 28 VOCs as distinct flavor metabolites across fermentation stages. At the 'after ripening' (AR) and 'sterilization' (S) stages of wheat flour paste fermentation there were strong umami and salty flavors, with minimal sour and sweet notes in comparison with the other stages. These stages were characterized by elevated terpene concentrations, inorganic sulfides, and key flavor enhancers such as 2-hexanol and propyl sulfide. Headspace gas chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry and E-nose technologies are recommended for a more precise assessment of volatile changes during fermentation. The findings indicate that the 'sterilization' stage of wheat flour paste fermentation is optimal for achieving the required flavor profile. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

Sulfur dioxide gas sensor based on vanadium oxide doped TiO2 nanopaper

Abstract The gas sensor based on TiO2 nanomaterials is promising for both industry and daily life because of its simple fabrication, low cost, high sensitivity, and easy application to micro-devices. However, its selectivity is relatively low and strongly influenced by the environment, thus limiting its practical application. In this work, we prepared TiO2 nanopaper by methods of hydrothermal synthesis and conventional paper preparation. To improve the selectivity, we added V2O5 by immersing the as-prepared nanopaper in an ammonium metavanadate (NH4VO3) solution evenly dispersed in ethanol. Nanopaper is a random array of long nanowires and nanofibers, which retains its shape and structure at high temperature, unlike pure nanowires, due to its high porosity and mechanical stability. V2O5 leads to a selective sensing performance with high catalytic activity for SO2 gas. The surface structure of the sensing material and its porosity were characterized by SEM, XRD, XPS. The improved sensing material exhibited a high response of about 22.6 for 100 ppm SO2 and a fast response and recovery of 9 s and 14 s, respectively. It also exhibited good reproducibility and selectivity in other interfering gases. Furthermore, the long-term sensing performance in the atmospheric environment was maintained for about 50 days.

A novel mouse model recapitulating the MMR-defective SCLC subtype uncovers an actionable sensitivity to immune checkpoint blockade.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has an extremely poor prognosis. Despite high initial response rates to chemotherapy and modest survival improvements with the addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), almost all patients experience relapse and fatal outcomes. Recent genomic insights uncovered extensive molecular heterogeneity in addition to the almost uniform loss of RB1 and TRP53. Additionally, defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) has recently been described in some SCLC cases. Here, we generated a novel SCLC mouse model capturing MMR deficiency and assessed immunotherapy responses. We developed an MMR-deficient genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM) of SCLC by introducing a conditional Msh2 gene, crucial for maintaining MMR integrity, into the standard Rb1fl/fl;Trp53fl/fl (RP) model. Genomic characteristics and preclinical therapy responses were evaluated by focusing on overall survival and whole exome sequencing (WES) analyses. MMR-defective SCLC tumors (Rb1fl/fl;Trp53fl/fl;Msh2fl/fl (RPM)) developed later than tumors in MMR-proficient mice. However, the time from tumor manifestation to death of the affected animals was substantially shortened (median survival 55 days in RP vs. 46.5 days in RPM), indicating increased aggressiveness of MMR-defective tumors. RPM tumors exhibited MMR deficiency, high tumor mutational burden (TMB), and an elevated load of candidate neoantigens, compared to RP lesions (p = 0.0106), suggesting increased immunogenicity. Importantly, the overall survival of RPM animals was significantly improved when exposed to ICI. We propose a novel RPM mouse model as a suitable system to mimic MMR-defective SCLC and tumors with high TMB. We provide in vivo evidence that Msh2 deficiency enhances ICI sensitivity. These findings could contribute to stratifying SCLC patients to immunotherapy, thereby improving treatment outcomes.

Meta-Analysis: Evaluating Placebo Rates Across Outcomes in Eosinophilic Oesophagitis Randomised Controlled Trials.

High placebo responses have limited drug development in eosinophilic oesophagitis. The optimal configuration of trial outcomes is uncertain. To inform more efficient future trial designs, to characterise clinical, endoscopic and histologic placebo responses in eosinophilic oesophagitis randomised controlled trials (RCTs). We updated a Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis, searching multiple databases to January 1, 2024, to identify placebo-controlled RCTs evaluating medical therapies for patients with eosinophilic oesophagitis. The primary outcome was the pooled proportion of study-defined clinical, endoscopic and histologic responders and remitters randomised to placebo, using an intention-to-treat approach and random-effects model. Sources of heterogeneity were explored using meta-regression. We included 25 RCTs. The pooled proportion of clinical response was 41.0% [95% CI: 29.7%-52.8%] with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 74.9%). On meta-regression, older age and a higher probability of being randomised to placebo reduced the likelihood of clinical response to placebo. The pooled proportion of histologic remission defined as a peak eosinophil count [PEC] ≤ 6 eosinophils per high power field [HPF] or ≤ 1 eosinophil/HPF was 4.3% [95% CI: 2.6%-6.2%] (I2 = 23.6%) and 1.3% [95% CI: 0.5%-2.5%] (I2 = 0%), respectively. The standardised mean difference in the Eosinophilic Oesophagitis Endoscopic Reference Score to placebo was -0.25 [95% CI: -0.41, -0.10]. Over 40% of patients in eosinophilic oesophagitis trials respond clinically to placebo, and this is associated with trial design factors such as randomisation ratio and trial population. Objective endoscopic and histologic measures are associated with very low placebo responses.

Amp-Holo-Net enables speckle-free and high-quality coaxial amplitude-only holographic display

At present, amplitude-only holograms (AOH) are widely applied because of the high response speed and small pitch of amplitude spatial light modulators. However, AOHs are generally generated by traditional diffraction theories, and there are no effective deep learning algorithms to generate high-quality coaxial AOHs, which makes it difficult to achieve speckle-free, high-quality holographic displays using amplitude spatial light modulators. Thereby, we propose two cascaded deep neural networks, embedding physical models of the coaxial AOH to generate speckle-free and high-quality coaxial AOHs within an acceptable time, named Amp-Holo-Net, which is the first work that introduces deep learning to generate coaxial AOHs. We demonstrate the superiority of the proposed method through simulation, achieving an 81% reduction in speckle contrast of two-dimensional (2D) monochrome reconstruction and a 60% improvement in peak signal-to-noise ratio of 2D color reconstruction compared with point source method, and optical experiments are conducted to verify the validity of the proposed method. We believe our method fills the blank of AOH algorithms and paves the way for holographic displays based on amplitude spatial light modulators.

Efficacy and Safety Analysis in Chinese Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis from a Phase 3 Trial: Impact of Treatment Withdrawal and Retreatment of Ixekizumab.

In China, approximately 2.3 million people have psoriasis. Continuous treatment is recommended for moderate-to-severe psoriasis. This study aimed to evaluate the outcomes of continuous versus interrupted ixekizumab (IXE) treatment and retreatment with IXE after disease worsening in Chinese patients. In this Phase 3, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, patients were randomized to IXE or placebo at Week 0. At Week 12, IXE responders (static Physician's Global Assessment [sPGA] score, 0 or 1 [0,1]) were re-randomized (2:1) to IXE (IXE/IXE, continuous treatment) or placebo (IXE/PBO, interrupted treatment). After re-randomization, treatment in IXE/PBO patients with disease worsening (relapse, sPGA ≥ 3) was switched to IXE every 4weeks (IXE/PBO + IXEQ4W, retreatment). Efficacy was assessed by evaluating the response rates of Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) 75/90/100, sPGA (0,1), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) (0,1), mean PASI, and Itch Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores and improvements of special body areas. Safety was evaluated by assessing treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) and serious AEs. At Week 12, 289 IXE responders were re-randomized to the IXE/IXE group (192 patients) and IXE/PBO group (97 patients). High rates of PASI 75 and sPGA (0, 1) responses were maintained in the IXE/IXE group until Week 60. At Week 60, 88 (90.7%) patients in the IXE/PBO group had disease relapse; the median time to relapse was approximately 20weeks. After 24weeks of retreatment, PASI 75 and sPGA (0, 1) were recaptured (97.2% and 74.6%, respectively, in the IXE/PBO + IXEQ4W group). AEs were comparable in patients who received continuous treatment and retreatment. In Chinese patients who received continuous IXE treatment, high response rates were maintained through 60weeks. Most patients had disease relapse after treatment withdrawal. After retreatment, most of these patients had regained and maintained response since Week 12. NCT03364309.

GlutaR: AHigh-Performance Fluorescent Protein-Based Sensor for Spatiotemporal Monitoring of Glutamine Dynamics In Vivo.

Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in human blood and muscle, and is integral to a wide variety of functions in cancer cells. However, the inability to monitor the subcellular distribution of glutamine in real-time has obscured understanding of glutamine metabolism under physiological and pathological conditions. Here, we report the development of a genetically encoded fluorescent sensor and demonstrate how this GlnBP-cpYFP fusion "GlutaR sensor" undergoes glutamine-induced conformational changes reflected in detectable fluorescence responses. Obtained after iterative screening of approximately 1,600 variants, GlutaR exhibits a ratiometric readout, fast response kinetics, and high responsivity, and we demonstrate its selectivity for monitoring glutamine fluctuations in multiple cell types. Additionally, using digitonin permeabilization of GlutaR HeLa cells, we generated a calibration curve and performedin situtitration to quantify free glutamine concentrations in subcellular compartments (cytosol, nucleus, mitochondria). Subsequently, we applied GlutaR to investigate how chemical and genetic inhibition of GS and GLS differentially alter glutamine levels in subcellular compartments. Finally, we demonstrate GlutaR's ability to monitor dynamic glutamine levels in muscle and liver tissues of diabetic micein vivo.These findings collectively demonstrate GlutaR as a versatile tool for the spatiotemporal characterization of glutamine metabolism in living cells and tissues.

Methotrexate and cytarabine in adult LCH: High risk, high rewardand maintenance free?

Lin etal. report the long-term follow-up of a phase II trial involving 95 adult patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), investigating the combination of methotrexate and cytarabine (MA). After a median follow-up of 6.5 years, the study showed high response rates, with 90% overall response; 55% of patients free from an event such as disease progression, poor response or death; and 93% of patients were alive, though nearly half experienced febrile neutropenia. This prospective study helps fill gaps in understanding adult LCH treatment, indicating that fixed-duration chemotherapy can yield durable responses despite its associated risks. It emphasizes the importance of personalized treatment decisions, considering both fixed-duration chemotherapy and continuous targeted agents based on patient and disease-specific factors. Commentary on: Lin etal. Long term follow-up of methotrexate and cytarabine in adult patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Br J Haematol 2024 (Online ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/bjh.19830.

HPB SO44 - From Electives to Career-Changing: A Cross-Sectional Survey exploring the impact of International Medical Electives in Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit

Abstract Background International medical graduates (IMGs) are crucial in addressing NHS workforce shortages, representing one-third of staff. Reliance on IMGs is likely to continue. Electives offer IMGs a valuable opportunity to overcome work culture and clinical skills challenges, difficult to address through PLAB tests alone. These experiences can aid in passing the exam. Entering a new culture and service can be daunting; electives help build confidence by increasing familiarity with the NHS and UK medical traditions. This survey was designed to gain insight into IME experiences, the educational value perceived by participants, and their influence on personal growth and career direction. Method A cross-sectional survey was sent to 26 IMGs who completed an IME rotation in the HPB department at University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust since 2019. The survey included quantitative and qualitative questions to gather demographic details, insights into experiences, educational values gained, and career impact. Medical education and HPB surgery experts evaluated the survey for content validity and alignment with learning outcomes.Conducted via Google Forms®,recruitment emails were sent anonymously with weekly reminders for four weeks to ensure high response rates. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results 18 out of 26 participants (62.2%) responded. Ages ranged from 23-30, with 61.11% between 23-25 years. The gender split was 61.11% male and 38.89% female. Most (66.67%) were medical students during their elective, while 33.33% were Foundation Doctors. 72% of respondents are preparing for or have taken GMC registration exams, with 44% are already fully registered. The survey revealed overall positive responses, highlighting the welcoming and educational environment. However, participants suggested improving the induction program and providing a more defined daily schedule for elective students. These insights offer opportunities to enhance an already valuable program. Conclusion The study revealed a successful international medical elective program in the HPB department. Most respondents found the experience met their expectations, achieved learning objectives, and positively influenced their careers. All participants were satisfied and would recommend the elective, with 94% considering NHS careers. The program provided effective teaching, mentorship, and hands-on clinical experience for most participants. Many have begun or completed GMC registration, indicating lasting impact. This initiative is valuable in attracting and preparing IMGs for the NHS and should be replicated across the UK, with a structured program and ensuring necessary exposure and guidance.

Strong Anisotropy and Giant Photothermoelectricity of 1D Alloy Nb3Se12I-Based Photodetector for Ultrabroadband Light-Detection and Encryption Imaging Application.

Securing high-capacity and safe communication holds great potential for ushering in the new era of digital society. In this study, a wide-band photodetector based on the quasi-1D niobium selenide compounds (Nb3Se12I), showing up photothermoelectric (PTE) dominated multiple synergistic effects with high responsivity across a wide wavelength range from deep-ultraviolet (254nm) to terahertz (0.30 THz), providing an efficient strategy for high-capacity optical processing is introduced. Combined with the polarized-sensitive property of the Nb3Se12I photodetector, an encrypted imaging technology using polarization-resolved PTE current is developed. This technology is capable of transforming encrypted messages into polarization states, which can be restored through a specially designed decryption algorithm, greatly enhancing the concealment and security of the information transmission process. Overall, the Nb3Se12I-based detector manifests in terms of high responsivity (283.2 A W-1 to 520nm, 1632.4 A W-1 to 980nm, and 1868.1 A W-1 for short-wave infrared light of 2200nm), suitable response speed of 43 µs for 0.30 THz wave and polarization anisotropy ratio of 1.83. The versatile abilities of photodetector in the realm of ultrabroadband polarized detection and encryption imaging may advance the use of anisotropic thermoelectric materials in high-capacity and secure information communication applications.

Selenium Hydride-Induced Oxidase-like Activity Inhibition of Amorphous/Crystalline Manganese Dioxide: Colorimetric Assay for Selenium Detection.

Hydride generation-based optical sensors have achieved on-site visual selenium (Se) determination with high anti-interference capability, yet they rely on the change of single-color intensity with a narrow linear dynamic range. Herein, we combined selenium hydride (H2Se)-induced activity inhibition of a manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanozyme with different degrees of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) oxidation to realize sensitive multicolor visual detection of Se(IV). Due to its high oxidase-like (OXD-like) activity and sensitive response to H2Se, amorphous/crystalline manganese dioxide (ac-MnO2) was selected to form the headspace single droplet for microextraction and recognition. Via headspace redox reaction with H2Se, ac-MnO2 was reduced into low valence accompanied by in situ generation of Se nanoparticles, leading to the formation of a Se-MnOx aggregate. The experimental results and theoretical calculation indicated that, compared with MnO2, Se-MnOx had decreased active sites for adsorbing O2 to generate •O2-, resulting in the nanozyme activity inhibition that was totally dependent on Se(IV) concentration. The implementation of this strategy enabled accurate Se(IV) detection with a linear range from 10 to 600 μg L-1 and a limit of detection of 1.8 μg L-1. The portable smartphone-based detection for real sample analysis further demonstrated that this assay can be an easy, convenient, and intelligent tool for on-site selenium determination.

Design and Optimization of Electromagnetically Driven End-Effector

The excellent flexibility and plasticity of a flexible robotic hand enable it to grip objects of various shapes and sizes. Currently, most of the flexible robotic hand fingers on the market use pneumatic drives. However, the unstable power of the pneumatic drive can cause the object gripped by the finger to slip. Additionally, the pneumatic pump can create noise pollution. To address these issues, a flexible end-effector is designed using an electromagnetic coil as the power source. The electromagnetic-driven end-effector has high precision and fast response, without the need for external devices. It only requires controlling the current to control the magnetic force of the electromagnet, thereby controlling the degree of end-effector bending. The finite element simulation is used to analyze the impact of the structural parameters of the end-effector on bending degree. And the optimal basic parameters of the end-effector are determined. Under the same intensity of the current, when the bottom layer thickness is 5 mm, end-effector knuckle spacing is 4 mm, the maximum angle of end-effector bending is reached.

Unveiling the potential of fine arts education in enhancing resilience among Chinese gifted students

IntroductionThe current study aimed to explore the complex dynamics influencing the resilience of gifted Chinese students, emphasizing the interconnected roles of fine arts education (FAE), creativity, and self-efficacy (SE). By examining the transformative potential of FAE, this research highlighted creativity and SE as key mediating factors for resilience among Chinese gifted students.MethodsThis study involves administering a structured set of questions to a sample of gifted young adults, thus achieving a high response rate of 93.21%. The Maus scale (1938) has been used to measure FAE, the Connor-Davidson Resilience scale assesses resilience, while creativity and SE are measured using the Kaufman scale and Schwarzer and Jerusalem scale, respectively. Statistical analyses includes a correlation matrix, ANOVA, confirmatory latent factor model tests, and mediation effect analysis for resilience and creativity. Data analysis has been conducted by using the SPSS Statistics 29.0, bootstrap, and AMOS 25.0 software.ResultsCurrent findings determines a significant role of FAE in enhancing emotional resilience, creativity, and SE among gifted students. This study also finds the importance of FAE in building essential coping mechanisms to address intellectual and emotional challenges specific to this group.DiscussionThis study proposes to integrate FAE into educational curricula to better support the intellectual and emotional needs of gifted young adults, thereby facilitating the development of coping skills crucial for their emotional wellbeing. Additionally, this study indicates the importance of art therapy and global initiatives in boosting the resilience, while preparing gifted students to face future challenges with enhanced psychological resilience.