Highest Positive Influence Research Articles

The Effect of Strategic Administrative Initiatives on Academic Performance in Kisii County’s Public Secondary Schools, Kenya

Strategic administrative initiatives in schools helps in identifying emerging trends and anticipate future challenges, allowing them to prepare and respond proactively so as to bring change in students’ academic performance. For three consecutive years (2016 -2018), Kisii County’s mean standard score in Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education declined resulting to an average mean standard score of 3.765 (D+) which was still below the National Mean Standard Score of 3.962. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which strategic administrative initiatives influence academic performance. Education Production Function theory was applied. The study employed a descriptive survey design. Target population of 353 principals and 4354 teachers were considered from 353 public secondary schools in Kisii County. Slovin’s formula with a margin error of 0.05 was used to sample 28 principals and 341 teachers as respondents. Stratified random sampling was used to get school categories. Instruments for this research included: questionnaire for teachers and interview schedule for principals. Validity of research instruments was ascertained by supervisors’ inputs from the School of Education Kisii University. Questionnaires were considered reliable since Cronbach’s Coefficient Alpha 0.998 obtained was higher than the critical Cronbach alpha of 0.7 on a scale of -1 to +1 by use of test re-test method. Data was analysed both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitative data on interview schedules were organized based on research objective and themes of study. Data was presented using percentages, means, frequency distribution tables and bar graphs for easier interpretation. This study’s findings were: The strategic administrative initiatives have a positive influence on academic performance. This study is significant as it indicates that county and sub-county secondary schools need to improve on the application of the strategic administrative initiatives in the academic activities/programs for them to do better academically. In conclusion, National and Extra- County secondary schools’ strategic administrative initiatives have a high positive influence on academic performance compared to county and sub-county secondary schools.

기업의 부가가치정보와 ESG평가정보가 외국인지분율에 미치는 영향

Foreign investors are expected to assume that companies with high value-added information and ESG evaluation information are sound companies and to invest their funds. Therefore, we would like to verify this. The purpose of this study is: 1) Companies with high added value information will have a high foreign ownership ratio. 2) Companies with high ESG evaluation information will have a higher foreign ownership ratio. And 3) we conducted an empirical analysis predicting that value-added information would have a higher positive influence and information power on the foreign ownership ratio than ESG rating information. The research method is based on the company's added value information and foreign ownership ratio data from 2016 to 2020 provided by Fn-guide and ESG evaluation information published by the Korea ESG Research Institute, which is a statistical processing method such as basic statistical analysis, correlation analysis, Regression analysis was performed. To summarize the research results, the correlation analysis results show the dependent variable foreign ownership ratio and variables of interest: 1) added value information and 2) ESG evaluation information (rating (R), environment (E), society (S), and governance (G) sectors) The results showed that there was a significant positive (+) correlation. And the regression analysis results show that both value-added information and ESG evaluation information (rating (R), environment (E), society (S), and governance (G) sectors) have a significant positive (+) effect on the foreign ownership ratio. appear. In addition, ESG rating information was found to have greater influence and information power on the foreign ownership ratio than value-added information. The implications of these research results suggest that foreign investors are interested in and tend to invest funds in companies with high added value information and ESG evaluation information. Therefore, it is expected that added value information and ESG evaluation information serve as useful accounting information for foreign investors in the capital market.

Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan pada Staff Office PT Summit Adyawinsa Indonesia

This Research is a quantitative research using questionnaires as a data collection tool distributed to respondents with a sample of 60 people. In analyzing the data, simple linear regression analysis and hypothesis testing were used. This study aims to determine how much influence work motivation has on employee performance in the office staff of PT Summit Adyawinsa Indonesia. Based on the results of the analysis carried out using SPSS 25.0, the value of Work Motivation (X) on Employee Performance (Y) can be explained by the regression formula Y= a+bX, then the regression value resulting from the calculayion above is Y= 20,726+0,616X. Based on the results of the t test, namely t count (5,803) is smaller than the t table value (2,000). Then work motivation has a high positive influence with an r value of (0,606) and has a contribution of 36,7% on Employee Performance of PT Summit Adyawinsa Indonesia (SAI). While the rest is influenced by other factors that were not included in the research.

ASSESSING THE INFLUENCE OF ARCHITECTURAL TEACHING METHODS ON ADVANCING SUSTAINABLE ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICES

This study investigated the role of architectural education in Nigeria in preparing professionals for sustainable architectural practice, with a particular focus on advancing Sustainable Development Goal 4 (SDG 4). It assessed the relationship between the teaching methods employed in delivery of the architecture curriculum of universities and sustainable architectural practice among professionals. Using positivism as the philosophical stance, a quantitative approach was taken. Regression analysis was employed to analyse teaching methods and its impact on architects' professional practice. Findings revealed that educators who place emphasis on meeting deadlines, employed teaching methods that are flexible enough to adapt to changing needs, and adopting the practice of professional ethics in their teaching delivery have the highest positive influence on future architectural practice of their students. On the flip side, educators who accepted submission from students that were carelessly put together, and capitalize on relationships with their students (such as favouritism) tend to negatively affect the future architectural practice of their students. This research also revealed the crucial impact of architectural education approaches on advancing sustainable architectural practices in Nigeria, aligning with the objectives of SDG 4. It underscores the importance of teaching methods and recommends constant updates of teaching methods at the faculty level so as to have products who have a highly sustainable practice. Keywords: Architectural education, Architectural practice, Sustainability, Teaching methods

Meta-Analysis of The Effectiveness of The Flipped Classroom Model On Students' HOTS in Mathematics

The use of the Flipped Classroom (FC) Model has become a global phenomenon in the last decade, and has had a significant impact on mathematics learning objectives. Nevertheless, the scientific literature shows inconsistent results in testing the underlying theoretical assumptions in this model. This meta-analysis study collected analyses of 42 effect sizes from 31 journal articles and international proceedings between 2014 and 2024. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) program was used as a calculation tool, with the Hedges coefficient used to calculate the effect size at a 95% confidence level. The results of analysis using the random-effect estimation model show that the overall effect size is 1.06 (large effect category). This shows that the use of the FC model has a relatively high positive influence on High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) mathematics when compared to the conventional model. In addition, analysis of research characteristics shows that the effectiveness of using the FC model can be increased by considering factors such as the type of platform used, the type of FC model applied, educational level, and the capacity of the experimental class. These findings provide valuable guidance for educators in the future use of the FC model, particularly in developing students' mathematics HOTS. Keywords: Flipped Classroom; HOTS, Mathematics; Meta-Analysis; Effect Size

Processed vegan food packaging: influencing vegan diet and lifestyle consumption choices

As the demand for plant-based meat analogues (PBMAs) continues to surge globally, understanding the marketing strategies that drive consumer choice becomes imperative(1). This research project, part of a larger study at Massey University, explores the design and packaging of vegan food products, specifically focusing on processed PBMAs and how this influences vegan diet consumption choices in New Zealand vegans. We examined the packaging of vegan processed food available in New Zealand supermarkets and those promoted online, with a focus on processed PBMAs. This informed the development of an online survey including: demographics, motivations for following a vegan diet, and questions related to perceptions and preferences about vegan diets and processed PBMA packaging. The survey was offered to individuals who had previously participated in vegan research at Massey University and followed a strict vegan diet. There were 235 participants of whom 198 completed the survey. This consisted of primarily females (n = 156, 74%) and individuals of New Zealand European descent (n = 159, 71%), aged 18 to 76 years (37.8 ± 12.3). The participants had varying durations of following a vegan diet, with the largest group (n = 87, 42%) adopting it for 5 to 10 years. The primary motivation for following a vegan diet was animal welfare (n = 205), followed by environmental concerns (n = 189) and health (n = 175). Participants were able to select more than one option, suggesting there are often multiple reasons for choosing to follow a vegan diet. Factors influencing purchase decisions for PBMAs included nutrient claims on packaging, with protein having the highest positive influence. Environmental concerns also played a significant role, with eco-friendly packaging and positive environmental claims being important. Packaging images, particularly of the final prepared product, had a significantly positive impact on purchasing decisions (4.12 ± 0.78) where 1 represented a negative influence and 5 represented a positive influence on a Likert Scale. The majority sometimes, or always checked the nutrition information panel (n = 167, 85%) and examined the ingredients (n = 191, 98%). Participants reported concern about the nutritional value of processed PBMAs (n = 94), and reported that they are aware that these foods are classified as ‘ultra-processed (n = 91). This research provides valuable insights into the reasons people choose vegan diets and what influences their choices when it comes to purchasing PBMAs. It highlights the significance of marketing strategies in the plant-based meat alternatives industry. However, to gain a more comprehensive understanding of this evolving market, further research is necessary. Future research should consider a wider range of demographics and regional distinctions to better understand how consumer preferences in plant-based diets are changing. This should also include looking at how the market is maturing, with buyers becoming more aware of things like nutrients and the processing of food, which can impact the sustainable food choices individuals make.

유아교사의 아동기 애착 경험이 유아-교사 관계에 미치는 영향

Purpose: This study investigated attachment experiences in childhood, psychological flexibility, and the level of preschooler-teacher relationships of early childhood teachers, and analyzed the effect of childhood attachment experiences on preschooler-teacher relationships based on verifying the mediating effect of psychological flexibility.
 Methods: A survey was conducted with 274 homeroom teachers in charge of infants aged three to five at a domestic Early Childhood Education institution. The collected data were calculated using the SPSS version 26.0 to calculate the mean and standard deviation. Pearson's correlation analysis was conducted to examine relations among the variables. Mediating effects were tested with Model 4 of the PROCESS macro for SPSS version 4.1.
 Results: First, the childhood attachment experiences of Early Childhood teachers, psychological flexibility, and the level of preschooler-teacher relationships were all above the middle range. Second, psychological flexibility partially mediated the influence of childhood attachment experiences of Early Childhood teachers on preschooler-teacher relationships.
 Conclusion: This research provides basic data on childhood attachment experiences, psychological flexibility, and the preschooler-teacher relationships of Early Childhood teachers and reveals a high positive influence relationship between these variables. This reveals that Early Childhood teachers need to mentally and institutionally support Early Childhood teachers in order to improve their childhood attachment experiences, psychological flexibility, and move preschooler-teacher relationships to a higher level.

Factors Affecting Value Types of the Fashion Customer Value Chain: Focusing on Social filtering, Information Evaluation Properties and Shopping Needs

This study mainly focused on the value types of the fashion customer value chain (CVC), and it was intended to examine the influence of related variables such as social filtering, information evaluation properties, and shopping needs. This study conducted a total of 283 questionnaires targeting male and female college students in their 20s in the Busan and Gyeongsangnam-do who had shopping experiences through shopping social filtering at internet shopping malls for the latest 6 months. For data analysis, SPSS program was used, and reliability measurement, factor analysis, multiple regression analysis, and T-test, ANOVA were conducted. The research results are as follows. First, social filtering of fashion customers had a significant influence in value erosion in the order of delivery filtering and product filtering, and value creation had a significant influence in the order of contents filtering and purchase history filtering. Second, In particular, information interest had a high positive influence on those all. Information reliability had a negative influence on value erosion and value creation, and information usefulness also had a negative influence on value payment. Third, shopping needs of fashion customers had a significant effect on value erosion, value creation, and value payment. Moreover, specialized shopping needs were more important than integrated shopping needs. Fourth, except for the consumer's gender, there was a difference in the fashion customer value chain type according to age, monthly average shopping frequency of fashion products, monthly average shopping cost, and daily shopping time.

Do dietary interventions exert clinically important effects on the bioavailability of β-lactam antibiotics? A systematic review with meta-analyses.

Managing drug-food interactions may help to achieve the optimal action and safety profile of β-lactam antibiotics. We conducted a systematic review with meta-analyses in adherence to PRISMA guidelines for 32 β-lactams. We included 166 studies assessing the impact of food, beverages, antacids or mineral supplements on the pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters or PK/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) indices. Eighteen of 25 β-lactams for which data on food impact were available had clinically important interactions. We observed the highest negative influence of food (AUC or Cmax decreased by >40%) for ampicillin, cefaclor (immediate-release formulations), cefroxadine, cefradine, cloxacillin, oxacillin, penicillin V (liquid formulations and tablets) and sultamicillin, whereas the highest positive influence (AUC or Cmax increased by >45%) for cefditoren pivoxil, cefuroxime and tebipenem pivoxil (extended-release tablets). Significantly lower bioavailability in the presence of antacids or mineral supplements occurred for 4 of 13 analysed β-lactams, with the highest negative impact for cefdinir (with iron salts) and moderate for cefpodoxime proxetil (with antacids). Data on beverage impact were limited to 11 antibiotics. With milk, the extent of absorption was decreased by >40% for cefalexin, cefradine, penicillin G and penicillin V, whereas it was moderately increased for cefuroxime. No significant interaction occurred with cranberry juice for two tested drugs (amoxicillin and cefaclor). Factors such as physicochemical features of antibiotics, drug formulation, type of intervention, and patient's health state may influence interactions. Due to the poor actuality and diverse methodology of included studies and unproportionate data availability for individual drugs, we judged the quality of evidence as low.

Enhancing Retail Success: A Comprehensive Analysis of Visual Merchandising Influence on Customer Engagement and Purchase Behavior in Philippine Local Retail Businesses

This study employed a quantitative approach to investigate the influence of visual merchandising practices on customer engagement and purchase behavior in retail stores in Claver, Surigao del Norte. By utilizing a descriptive survey design with 385 customer respondents, the findings revealed that retailers inconsistently observed visual merchandising practices. Despite this, the study identified a significant and high positive influence of these practices on customer engagement and purchase behavior. Notably, through multiple regression analysis, it was found that only window displays significantly predicted both customer engagement and purchase behavior, although the collective influence of visual merchandising practices remained substantial. In essence, the research emphasized the integral role of visual merchandising in encouraging customer engagement and guiding their purchase behavior, highlighting the specific relevance of window displays in this retail context.

Influence of Personality Attributes on the Entrepreneurial Intention of Polytechnic Undergraduates in Osun State, Nigeria

The study examined the influence of personality attributes on the entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic undergraduates in Osun State, Nigeria. The study adopted descriptive survey design. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 280 undergraduates for the study. Three null hypotheses were postulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance. A questionnaire adapted from literature, designed in 4-Likert format was used for data collection. The instrument was subjected to a panel of experts’ validation. The panel carried out a content analysis of each of the questionnaire items and eliminated those found to be irrelevant to the research problem. A reliability test for the internal consistency of the instrument yielded Cronbach alpha of 0.79. Data analysis was based on 260 valid responses with the aid of regression analysis, ANOVA and correlation coefficient using SPSS version 23. The study found that four of the big-five personality attributes (openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness) have a significant positive influence on the entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic undergraduates in Osun State, Nigeria with p<0.05 and Adjusted R2 =.457. The entrepreneurial intention of the undergraduates was found to significantly differ in favour of engineering and management studies. The study concluded that personality attributes have a significant influence on the entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic undergraduates and it was therefore recommended that, in order to boost the level of entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic undergraduates, both students and management should pay better attention to the development of personality attributes such as openness, conscientiousness, and extraversion, which have higher positive influence on the entrepreneurial intention of the students. Keywords: Personality Attributes, Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Intention, Polytechnic Undergraduates

Impact of mutations on Omicron's spike protein: Insights from variants found in Vietnam

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is the primary agent responsible for the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, leading to the loss of millions of lives worldwide. In 2023, the COVID-19 pandemic's impact is primarily driven by the Omicron variant, which features many unique mutations compared to previously identified SARS-CoV-2 variants. Through analysis of the network of Omicron variants collected in Vietnam, we determined variants expected to have high transmission efficiency and positive influence before studying the impact of mutations on the structural behavior of spike proteins and their affinity with hACE2. Our computational analysis indicates that these Omicron variants not only exhibit a significantly higher binding affinity than the Wildtype but also demonstrate increased binding free energy among variants. This enhanced binding affinity of Omicron variant is reflected in the enhanced stability of the hACE2 binding structure compared to the Wildtype. This study further elucidates the specific contributions of point mutations to the binding free energy. Notably, such mutations as W152R, F157L, G257S, S371F, S373P, S375F, T376A, D405N, N440K, S477N, T478K, E484A, Q493R, Q498R, N501Y, D614G, N679K, P681H, N764K, D796Y, and N969K were found increasing the binding free energy of Omicron's spike protein in complex with hACE2.

THE INFLUENCE OF VISUAL MERCHANDISING ELEMENTS ON SHOPPER’S IMPULSE BUYING MOTIVES

THE INFLUENCE OF VISUAL MERCHANDISING ELEMENTS ON SHOPPER’S IMPULSE BUYING MOTIVES Phaviithtirrah A/P Govindarajoo 1, Aniza Suriati binti Abdul Shukor2 Fazlina binti Abd Rahiman3 Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah¹, Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah², Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah, Behrang, Perak³ Politeknik Sultan Azlan Shah Behrang 35950 Perak Malaysia phaviithtirrah@psas.edu.my ABSTRACT: Visual Merchandising is showing merchandise and concepts at the retailer’s very best with the end purpose of making sales. The primary purpose of this study was to examine what visual merchandising elements are the most influential on shoppers in the Sports Direct Sunway Pyramid when shopping in sports, fitness, fashion and lifestyle fascia’s & brands. A total of 100 respondents participated in the survey. The study used a non-probability sampling technique which is convenience sampling. The respondents were customers of a Sports Direct Sunway Pyramid. The data were processed using the Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23. The researchers have identified three main elements of visual merchandising: window display, mannequin display and floor merchandising. The value of the correlation coefficient is 0.695. The outcomes showed that shopper's impulse buying is significantly influenced by window displays, mannequin displays and floor merchandising. The study also concludes that the Mannequin display had the highest positive influence on shoppers' impulse buying and floor merchandising has the least significant effect on shoppers' impulse buying motives in the Sports Direct Sunway Pyramid. To entice customers into their store, the merchant must thus comprehend the demands and wishes of the shoppers and produce the ideal exhibition of the shoppers' expectations. Keywords: Visual Merchandising, Window Display, Mannequin Display, Floor Merchandising, And Impulse Buying Motives

Influence of Teachers’ Preparedness on English Curriculum Implementation in Kenyan Schools

The Government of Kenya (GoK) touts teacher-preparedness as a critical factor that shows the equipping of a professional teacher for quality performance and satisfactory learner performance in national examinations. Despite the efforts by the GoK, there is a worrying trend of students completing school with reading and writing difficulties. The Kenya National Examinations Council (2020) contends students’ poor performance in English for the past 5 years, falling short of the average mean of 50%. Descriptive research design was used. A sample of 44 principals, 88 teachers and 345 form three students across 50 public secondary schools in Kakamega North, were targeted. A questionnaire, interview schedule, classroom practice observation schedule, and focus group discussion guide were used to collect data. Qualitative data was analyzed thematically whereas quantitative data was presented through tables, percentages and frequencies. Chi-square test was performed to test hypothesis. Response rate was 79.5%. The findings indicated that majority (97.1%) of the teachers participated in coursebooks and other revision textbook in-service courses as per the changing trends in teaching of English whereas ICT workshops had low percentages, a gap pointing on teacher level of preparedness. The findings from principals indicated, teachers of English sometimes declined to take up ICT in-service trainings for fear of additional responsibilities in school. Findings from FGDs show, teachers were rated average by most students in terms of preparedness in material use in classrooms. On determining the extent to which teacher level of preparedness influence implementation of English curriculum in school, teachers’ opinions had a Mean of 4.0000; Standard deviation of 3.08338; and Skewness of .397, indicating teacher level of preparedness has a high and strong positive influence on implementation of English curriculum in school if well checked and applied. The study established a significant relationship between teacher level of preparedness and implementation of English curriculum (p=0.007<0.05). Findings concur with KNEC (2020), contending students’ poor performance in English as unsatisfying.

PENGARUH CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP CORPORATE FINANCIAL FRAUD PADA PERUSAHAAN MANUFAKTUR YANG TERDAFTAR DI BEI

This study aims to determine the effect of board size, financial expertise, board independence, rationalization, female board, firm size, leverage ratio (LEV) and asset ratio (ROA) on corporate financial reporting in manufacturing companies listed on the Stock Exchange in 2016 - 2020 The sampling technique used is purposive sampling with a final sample of 80 companies. The analysis used in this research is descriptive statistics and panel regression. The results of this study indicate that the size of the board, financial expertise, board independence, rationalization, and do not have a significant effect on the size of the company's finances. While the financial board has a significant influence on fraud, which means a high number of company ownership can reduce the possibility of an incident, then the leverage ratio (LEV) indicates a high debt so there is a high probability of fraud in the company, assets (ROA) has a high positive significant influence ROA can become pressure for the company so that it is likely to take company actions.

Analysis of marine heatwaves over the Bay of Bengal during 1982–2021

Anomalous increase in sea surface temperature and its impact on natural ecosystems greatly interests the research community. Here we investigate the causes, impacts, and trends of marine heat wave (MHW) events in the Bay of Bengal (BoB) from 1982 to 2021. A total of 107 MHW events have been isolated (> 90th percentile threshold) in this Indian Ocean region, and their variation in intensity, duration, and frequency has been investigated. Our research unveils that an average of three MHW events/year accompanied by a linearly increasing trend of 1.11 MHW events/decade has been observed over the study region. It was also found that the most intense event was observed in 2016, which continued for 69 days, and had a maximum intensity of 5.29 °C and a mean intensity of 2.03 °C (above climatology mean). Moreover, it was observed that the net heat flux, along with anticyclonic eddies, was the primary cause of MHW events. Anticyclonic eddies associated with positive sea surface height anomaly were observed (> 0.20 m) in the vicinity of the most intense MHW event. Additionally, climate change and climate modes like El Niño and Indian Ocean Dipole show a high positive influence on the MHW events. Furthermore, we have examined the MHW event recurrence patterns in various regions of the BoB. From the monthly analysis, it was found that August and November had the most occurrences of MHWs, while April and May had the most extreme MHW events.

Impact of land tenure on livelihoods of women livestock-keepers in Burkina Faso

Land is an essential asset for women livestock-keepers that help to increase their livelihoods. The main objective of this study was to assess the impact of land tenure on production systems and the income of women livestock-keeper in Burkina Faso. A face to face survey was conducted on women’s livestock-keeping practices, their access to land and production using semi structured questionnaires. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis was used to assess the women’s livestock production systems. Conditional inference tree–based classification models allowed us to identify factors that mostly determine women’s access to livestock grazing land. A generalized linear model was used to assess the effects of land access parameters on the monthly income. A total of five production systems were identified comprising of two young, two adult and one older women’s systems. Furthermore, the determinants of women’s access to land varied across regions. Overall, the monthly income, animal species kept, herd size, land use rights (e.g., land rental and monthly payment, free use of the land, inheritance, purchase) determined women access to land in Burkina Faso. Only older women widow (7.78%) own land inherited from their husbands while married women had mainly free use of the land previously used by their husbands or their own acquired land. The assessment of the impact of land parameters on monthly income highlighted that in Central-Western Region, the land size and whether women were the landowners or not, had a very high significant and positive influence on the monthly income (p = 0.000444). An increase of one square meter (m2) of land size increased income by USD $3.45 per month. The same trend was observed in Eastern Region where an increase of one m2 increased income by USD $ 8.38 per month. In South-Western region, parameters such as the land size, formal education, training and better knowledge of women's right to land access led to increased income. Based on the findings of this research, it is clear that education as well as access to land are important factors that can improve women’s income from livestock production.

Weed-Hoeing Periods in Cowpea Cultivation under Direct and Conventional Systems.

Weed coexistence with an agricultural crop can negatively affect its growth, development, and yield. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate weed management strategies and their effect on the agronomic parameters of cowpea cultivation in direct (SPD) and conventional (SPC) planting systems. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement with four replications. The plots received a source of variation referring to the planting systems (direct and conventional planting), and the subplots corresponded to ten weed management strategies (manual hoeing 18 days after planting (DAP); at 36 DAP; at 54 DAP; at 18 and 36 DAP; at 18 and 54 DAP; at 18 and 72 DAP; at 36 and 54 DAP; at 36-72 DAP; at 18, 36, and 54 DAP; and a control with no hoeing). Density and dry mass evaluations of the cowpea plants were performed at harvest (72 DAP) by determining the number of pods per plant, pod length, number of grains per pod, 1000-grain mass, and yield. A total of 28 species distributed in 12 botanical families were identified in the two cultivation systems. The family Poaceae showed the highest frequency, with 25% of the species identified. At the end of the assay, treatment 20 had the highest positive influence and provided significant quantitative gains to the complex of traits related to cowpea production (SPD and hoeing at 18, 36, and 54 DAP). UPGMA cluster analysis and canonical discriminant analysis were performed and allowed a better classification of the evaluated treatments. It was observed that the first two canonical variables explained 90.8% of the total variance contained in the original variables. The use of SPD with weeding at 18, 36, and 54 days after planting provides greater weed control and significant quantitative gains for the complex of characteristics related to cowpea production. The results underscore the importance of choosing the correct cropping system and implementing effective weeding practices to optimize weed control and improve crop performance.

Influence of Destination Image and Tourist Satisfaction On Destination Loyalty

Understanding the factors that contribute to a positive tourist experience is critical in maintaining and improving tourism competitiveness. This study determined the influence of destination perception and satisfaction on destination loyalty among tourists in a private villa on Turks and Caicos Island. The study utilized a descriptive-correlational research design. Data were collected from a sample of 100 tourists using the survey questionnaires of Umit Basaran (2016) for destination image, Ruiz E., et. al. (2017) for tourist satisfaction; and Kanwel et al. (2019) for destination loyalty. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were employed. The findings reveal that participants had a highly favorable perception on the cognitive component and a very highly favorable perception on the affective component of the destination. They were highly satisfied with various aspects of the villa such as destination facilities, safety, cleanliness, guest service, and entertainment; and exhibited a very high level of destination loyalty. The study also found that tourists' perception of destination image and tourist satisfaction significantly influenced destination loyalty, with safety having the highest positive influence. However, further findings of the study also highlight a negative influence between guest service satisfaction and destination loyalty, indicating that as tourists become highly satisfied with guest service, their loyalty tends to decrease. Thus, the study emphasizes the crucial role of managing and enhancing effectively a destination's image, as well as providing top-notch tourist experiences, in promoting tourist loyalty. By prioritizing these factors, destination managers can foster a positive and lasting impression of the destination that encourages tourists to return and recommend the destination to others.

Optimization of Micro-Drilling of Laminated Aluminum Composite Panel (Al-PE) Using Taguchi Orthogonal Array Design.

Aluminum Matrix Composite (AMC) represents an innovative class of materials that is extensively utilized in industries such as automotive, defense, aerospace, structural engineering, sports, and electronics. This study investigates the thrust force, exit burr formation, changes in the micro-tool, and drilled hole diameters during the micro-drilling of an aluminum-polyethylene composite panel (Al-PE). The panel consists of 3501 series aluminum skin materials bonded to a polyethylene (PE) core. Micro-drilling test parameters were designed using Taguchi's L16 (42 23) orthogonal array. Tests were conducted with five control parameters: cutting speed with four levels (10 m/min, 20 m/min, 30 m/min, 40 m/min), feed rate with four levels (0.5 µm/rev, 1 µm/rev, 2 µm/rev, 4 µm/rev), the tool diameter with two levels (0.7 mm, 1 mm), and tool point angle with two levels (100°, 140°) using both AlTiN-coated and uncoated drills. The maximum thrust force (Fz), maximum burr height, and changes in both the drill tool and hole diameters were measured for analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that, in terms of impact on Fz, tool point angle had the highest positive influence (64.54%) on the micro-drill at the entrance of composite (upper aluminum plate). The cutting speed had the highest positive influence (45.32%) on the tool in the core layer (PE core layer). The tool point angle also had the highest positive influence (68.95%) on the micro-drill at the lower layer of the composite (the lower aluminum plate). There was noticeable chip adhesion on the major cutting edge and nose area under micro-drilling conditions with higher thrust forces and burr height. The AlTiN coating had a positive effect on tool wear and hole diameter deviations, but it adversely affected the burr height.