Highest Globulin Research Articles

Effects of dietary phytol supplementation on growth performance, immunological parameters, antioxidant and stress responses to ammonia exposure in common carp, Cyprinus carpio (Linnaeus, 1758)

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary phytol on growth performance, humoral immune parameters, antioxidant and biochemical responses of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, to ammonia toxicity. Diets containing four concentrations of phytol (mg kg−1): 0 (CTRL), 125 (PH125), 250 (PH250), and 500 (PH500) were fed to the fish (average weight: 26 ± 0.5 g) for 78 days; then the fish were exposed to 0.5 mg L−1 unionized ammonia nitrogen. According to the results, growth performance and survival were similar among the treatments. Dietary phytol supplementation significantly increased plasma total immunoglobulin (Ig) and complement (ACH50); the highest ACH50 levels were observed in PH250 and PH500 treatments, as the highest globulin and Ig levels were observed in PH250 treatment. In addition, PH250 and PH500 treatments presented significantly higher plasma lysozyme activity compared to CTRL, with the highest activity in PH250 treatment. Dietary phytol induced no changes in plasma cortisol, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate amino transferase, and hepatic malondialdehyde levels before ammonia exposure; whereas, it increased hepatic superoxide dismutase (PH125, PH250, PH500), catalase (PH250, PH500), glutathione peroxidase (PH125), plasma total antioxidant capacity (PH125, PH250, PH500) and decreased plasma glucose (PH125, PH250), and malondialdehyde (PH125, PH250). Ammonia exposure led to elevations in plasma cortisol, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate amino transferase, malondialdehyde and hepatic antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde levels; but decreased plasma total antioxidant capacity. Dietary phytol mitigated the changes in plasma cortisol, glucose, malondialdehyde, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, total antioxidant capacity, and hepatic malondialdehyde levels, particularly at 125 and 250 mg kg−1 levels. On the other hand, the phytol-treated fish exhibited higher elevation in hepatic antioxidant enzymes after ammonia exposure, compared to CTRL. In conclusion, the present results indicate phytol is an immunostimulant in common carp and can stimulate antioxidant system to protect the fish against oxidative stress caused by ammonia exposure.

The Electrophoretic Contribution to the Solutions of Taxonomical Problems of Some Lathyrus L. Taxa Growing in Turkey

Background: The seed proteins are used as molecular markers to clarify the systematic problems. Also, electrophoretic techniques are safe tools to identify the seed proteins. In present study, it was used the SDS-PAGE technique to solve the taxonomical problems of eight taxa of genus Lathyrus belong to three sections Orobus, Lathyrostylis and Pratensis according to the globulin B and glutelin. Methods: The seed materials were collected from natural habitats and 0.5 g seed were homogenized and centrifuged based on extraction procedure. In addition, the amounts of seed storage protein subfractions were determined by using protein assay. The electrophoretic analysis were performed according to the 12% SDS-PAGE. The gel documentation system (Bio-Rad, USA) was used to analyse the electrophoretic data and UPGAMA was used to construct the dendogram to show the relationships among the species under focus. Results: Current study showed that the species of section Pratensis were different from species of sections Orobus and Lathyrostylis. The differences among the studied taxa shown clearly and all studied taxa were choosen from the protein patterns. Furthermore, present study demonstrated that L. nivalis has the highest globulin B and glutelin. Results of the present study generally supported the morphological data.

IMPACT OF SUNFLOWER SEEDS AND/OR VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM SUPPLEMENTATION ON MILK COMPOSITION AND FATTY ACIDS PROFILE OF LACTATING BALADI GOATS

Twenty eight lactating Baladi goats (3-4 years old and the average weight ranged from 33.9 – 35.6 kg) after two weeks of parturition were assigned according to milk production into four groups (7 animals each). Each group was randomly assigned to feed one of the following experimental rations, control ration (R1) consists of 50% concentrate feed mixture and 50% Egyptian clover (Trifolium alexandrinum), control ration was supplemented with either whole sunflower seeds (SFS) to provide 3.5% oil from DM intake (R2), 250 IU vitamin E and 2 mg selenium/h/d (R3) or both of the previous supplementation (R4). There were no significant differences among tested groups in digestibility of DM, CP, CF and EE. The lowest nutrients digestibility was recorded with R2 while, the highest were with R4. Goats fed either R3 or R4 had the highest globulin and the lowest cholesterol concentrations in blood plasma. There were no differences among groups in DMI, milk yield and milk contents of protein, lactose, TS and SNF while, milk fat content was increased with SFS supplementation (R2 and R4) compared with R1. Feeding on rations supplemented with vitamin E plus selenium (R3 and R4) increased their concentrations in milk. Total saturated fatty acids were decreased and total unsaturated fatty acids (TUFA), mono- and poly- unsaturated fatty acids were increased in milk when goats fed on R2 and R4. It could be concluded that feeding lactating goats on ration supplemented with SFS and vitamin E plus selenium improved lactation performance and increased TUFA, vitamin E and selenium in milk, which may have good impact on consumer's health.

Leaf proteins in five varieties of red clover cultivated in Poland

Protein fractions: albumins, globulins, gluteins and prolamins were extracted from the leaves of 5 varieties of red clover. 'Skrzeszowicka' and 'Hruszowska' showed the highest content of total protein, 'Rotra' however – the highest globulin level. Globulins were fractionated on DEAE cellulose column into 3 fractions. Globulins from 'Rotra' and 'Hruszowska' varieties were separated into 4 fractions.

Novel method for screening pigeonpea varieties for globulin content by radioimmunoassay

A rapid and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) is described for screening a large number of pigeonpea varieties for quantitation of globulin content. This method employs precipitation of iodine-labelled pigeonpea globulin by polyethylene glycol and measuring the labelled antigen-antibody complex. Among the 56 varieties screened, Gwalior-3 was found to contain the highest globulin content. RIA when used to quantitate the pigeonpea globulin levels during post anthesis revealed that maximum globulin is present between 24 to 28 days after flowering.