Racism at the individual and societal levels has been identified as a cause of disparity in healthcare outcomes in the U.S. but reducing disparity has been slow. This study disentangles the relative effects of two types of racism on inpatient service delivery and hospital mortality: technology bias and implicit bias. Drawing on clinical data from intensive care unit (ICU) patients with sepsis, we use propensity score matching to balance groups of White and nonwhite patients and run a causal mediation analysis to test our model, which links patient race to hospital mortality through two mediating variables related to service delivery: (1) discrepancies in blood oxygen saturation measurements due to technology bias embedded in the medical device: pulse oximeter, and (2) administration of supplemental oxygen, which could be impacted by clinicians’ implicit biases. We first replicate prior findings that (a) higher discrepancies between oximeter readings and laboratory tests for nonwhite patients compared to Whites, and (b) a higher discrepancy lowers the likelihood of patients receiving supplemental oxygen during their ICU stay. We make a unique contribution by finding that, nonwhite patients with sepsis have a 79% higher risk of hospital mortality in the ICU compared to Whites, with nearly half of this racial disparity in mortality stems from technology bias and only less than a fifth from clinicians’ implicit bias. Our findings indicate that technology bias exerts a greater negative impact on mortality compared to implicit bias, and shed light for policymakers to reconsider device approval standards and for clinicians to customize decision criteria. Eliminating these two biases would help save thousands of lives annually among racial/ethnic minorities with sepsis in the U.S.