High Expectations Research Articles

How to avoid profiles of failure when supporting entrepreneurs in an economic crisis

Purpose In times of economic crisis, many eyes turn to entrepreneurship, which has become a key element of the economy. Consequently, interest in supporting entrepreneurs has increased. This study aims to detect the configurations of success or failure that may help entrepreneurs’ public orientation. Design/methodology/approach This study used data from the latest economic crisis in a region with high levels of unemployment. The authors studied 2,210 entrepreneurs from Andalusia (Spain). From each, the authors analysed 207 variables and applied the fuzzy version of qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). This methodology allowed the authors to infer causality between combinations of factors and positive/negative effects. Findings The authors concluded that there are at least two profiles that should be avoided when starting a business; both refer to projects in quite attractive sectors: an environment with high concentration and survival rates, and when not enough education or high assets turnover is expected. Research limitations/implications It was difficult to obtain a complete database to replicate a study in another region. Moreover, the data corresponded to a period of economic crisis, and the results may not be valid for a more favourable period. Regarding the implications, there have been several unsuccessful attempts in the literature to find a linear association between factors and entrepreneurial success. For instance, linear regressions do not allow us to properly relate the simultaneous presence/absence of various characteristics to success/failure; hence, it is necessary to consider the non-linear and asymmetric relationships between the variables. Practical implications The most attractive sectors for entrepreneurs carry considerable risk for the success of the future business, since “greed clouds judgment”, and high expectations can outweigh other motivations. Support services should filter out candidates with insufficient training or excessive expectations. Originality/value The techniques used in this study allow the consideration of explanatory variables that are not independent of each other, and the subjective aspects of some of the analysed characteristics are examined.

The Learning Wave

Today’s learners are immersed in engaging virtual activities such as video games, social media, and streaming services. These platforms set high expectations for user engagement, providing experiences that are user-centred and intrinsically motivating. Online learning must now compete with these digital environments for learners' attention, necessitating a transformation in its approach to increase retention and satisfaction. The Learning Wave is a novel Learning Experience Design framework that addresses this challenge by two key psychological theories: Self-Determination Theory (SDT) and Flow Theory. SDT, developed by Deci and Ryan (2000), posits that intrinsic motivation is driven by three psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Flow Theory, introduced by Csikszentmihalyi (1990), is a highly functional state helping learners boost their academic performance through immersion in the activity and provides incentives for personal growth (Rodriguez-Ardura & Meseguer-Artola 2016). By applying these theories, The Learning Wave generates learning experiences that positively impact learning behaviour through enhanced engagement and motivation. The framework applies strategies from digital and serious games, combining them with storytelling techniques and instructional design models to create a modern pedagogical approach to the design of online courses. At its core, The Learning Wave utilises a three-phase pattern: learn, reflect, and challenge. This structure enables learners to progressively build understanding, review and reflect on their learning, and apply their knowledge and skills to real-world scenarios. The framework employs Semantic Waves (Maton, 2013) as a construction methodology, ensuring a thoughtful progression of the learner from basic understanding to advanced application of concepts, and facilitating the creation of Flow states by gradually increasing complexity to match learner skill development. Complementing the learner experience is the use of storytelling. By incorporating narrative elements, the learning experience is enriched with contextual depth, diverse perspectives, and emotional engagement, factors known to enhance retention and application of knowledge (Landrum et al., 2019). This approach also supports the relatedness aspect of SDT, fostering a sense of connection to the learning material. As a visual tool, The Learning Wave allows instructional designers to map out the entire learning experience, illustrating how learners progress through different phases. It incorporates a series of learning moments, points of reflection, and challenge events, charting the learner's journey from novice to competent problem-solver. The framework's flexibility accommodates both high-level designs and intricate, complex experiences. The Learning Wave has been incorporated as the foundational pedagogy in the development of twelve postgraduate microcredentials at Western Sydney University, with qualitative and quantitative feedback showing learners are motivated and more confident with the knowledge and skills they are developing. Further analytics, articles, case studies, and publications are forthcoming. This poster presentation demonstrates how The Learning Wave framework transforms online learning. It showcases the 3-stage pattern, alignment with storytelling techniques, and process of gaining strategic knowledge through information deconstruction and reconstruction. It highlights how this approach, grounded in educational theories and modern engagement techniques, can enhance learner motivation, improve knowledge retention, and lead to more effective online educational experiences in our digital world.

Higher expectations: a systematic review of reporting the science of propensity score modeling in criminal justice studies

Higher expectations: a systematic review of reporting the science of propensity score modeling in criminal justice studies

Challenges of innovation management in health system organizations: evidence from Germany

ABSTRACT The introduction of innovations poses particular challenges for organizations in the healthcare sector. These can be analyzed based on adoption and diffusion theory. In this study, a two-stage qualitative research design consisting of expert interviews (n = 13) and 3 workshops (n = 26) was used to analyze the experiences of healthcare professionals and related disciplines concerning innovation perception and communication and to derive management challenges for organizations. As part of the interview analysis, a total of 489 text segments were deductively assigned to the diffusion process categories of innovation (n = 100), process (n = 15), social system (n = 15) and information exchange channels (n = 59), and a further 219 text segments, synthesized into 18 categories, were inductively identified as management challenges. The results were validated during the workshop and expanded to include findings on innovation transfer and innovation perception. It was shown that digital innovations in organizations in the healthcare system context are associated with high expectations and that these can be influenced by various interacting communication partners and channels. There is a growing impression that the adoption and diffusion processes of telemedicine and digital innovations on an individual, social and organizational level are more subliminal than previously assumed.

Duration of insomnia and success expectancy predict treatment outcome of iCBT for insomnia

IntroductionIdentifying prognostic factors of treatment outcome may assist in customizing an intervention to a patient's needs. Hence, we conducted a secondary analysis of data from a randomized controlled trial to investigate the effectiveness of an internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (iCBT-I) to find patient characteristics that may predict the change of insomnia severity after treatment.Materials and methodsIn this exploratory analysis involving 94 chronic insomnia patients, we examined the predictive value of several self-reported measures, medical history, and sociodemographic variables to psychological distress with separate linear regression models. The main outcome was the Insomnia Severity Index score improvement from pre- to post-treatmentResultsThe study found that duration of insomnia, b (SE) = −0.02 (0.01), p = 0.01, and attitudes about the expected treatment success, b (SE) = 0.80 (0.27), p = 0.004, were predictors of a better outcome. Moreover, a better outcome was associated with a lower level of the following traits: attention seeking, b (SE) = −1.06 (0.51), p = 0.04; grandiosity, b (SE) = −1.50 (0.57), p = 0.01; distractibility, b (SE) = −1.57 (0.75), p = 0.04; and rigid perfectionism, b (SE) = −1.32 (0.65), p = 0.05.ConclusionOur results suggest that iCBT-I might be particularly beneficial for patients with higher expectations from the therapy and those who have a shorter duration of insomnia. Some pronounced personality traits, such as attention seeking, grandiosity, distractibility, and rigid perfectionism, may predict worse outcomes. However, because this was a post-hoc analysis, our results must be considered exploratory and verified in further studies.Clinical trial registrationhttps://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04300218?cond=NCT04300218&rank=1, Identifier NCT04300218.

Coordinación, cooperación y colaboración interorganizacional para la transformación digital empresarial

The ability of an entrepreneur to create is limited by the lack of resources. Among the dominant resources in emerging countries, the creation and adoption of new technologies stands out. It is understood that the power to compete and lead in the markets resides in the rarity and distinction in the selection of resources. Many companies choose to increase the complexity of their products and promote the sophistication of services, however; They neglect to strengthen the business model by diversifying their values with the support of external agents. The research objective of this article is to understand the disposition of enterprises to collaborate, cooperate, and coordinate with external agents in order to adopt technology programs and digital competencies. The methodology is based on closed questionaries for twenty-one managers. The results indicate that there is a greater willingness to collaborate and cooperate than to coordinate, which translates into a greater openness of businesses to work together in an operational rather than strategic context. In depth, the interest in collaboration for the development of digital competencies and cooperation in the transfer of personnel focused on technology exceeds, in comparison, the interest in jointly planning investments in digital transformation programs or making joint hires of information technology specialists. Additionally, companies have high expectations for collaborative work in generating new digital platforms and launching new products, but they lack initiative in creating patents, licenses, or new ventures. Realidad Empresarial No. 18, 2024: 65-75.

On the Estimation of Survival Rate Using Ranked Set Sampling Design

The Nigerian pensioners have high expectations from the government to ensure an effective implementation of pension regulations existing in the country. These expectations arise from the need to have sustainable standard of living in retirement and their benefits paid as at when due. However, the government does not know how many retirees will be alive at a particular period of time to draw fund from the pension account. This calls for regular verification of pensioners by Pension Transitional Arrangements Directorate (PTAD) at national level, office of the accountant general for State level and Local Government Pensions Board for Unified Local Government Council. This process exposed pensioners to stress related problems and some pensioners even die during such verification exercise. Again, it gives rise to varying set of problems that limit the capacity of the stakeholders within Nigeria pension industry to meet pensioner’s expectations. Survival rate of these retirees is key important statistic to the government for adequate preparation for their terminal benefits and to provide other social packages for this vulnerable group of people. However, this statistic is lacking in the State. Consequently, this work intends to address this problem by using the theory of Ranked Set Sampling (RSS) for Survival analysis to estimate the Survival rate of the retirees which will help the government in making adequate budgetary provisions to the Nigeria Pension Industry. Analysis and evaluation are presented.

High Preoperative Expectations may not Need to be Feared.

Retrospective. Evaluate correlations between preoperative expectations for pain improvement and 12-month functional outcomes and satisfaction following 1-2 level primary anterior cervical surgery. Limited data exists evaluating correlations between patients' preoperative expectations for pain relief and subsequent functional and satisfaction outcomes following primary anterior cervical surgery. Understanding correlations between expectations and outcomes may help identify patients most likely to benefit from surgery. Patients who underwent 1-2 level primary ACDF or CDA for degenerative disease between 2016-2021 were included. All patients had 12-month NDI data. Preoperative expectations for pain relief were collected at the initial clinic visit using 5-point Likert scales. Preoperative and 12-month postoperative satisfaction were recorded using 7-point Likert scales. Covariates including age, gender, procedure type, smoking status, opioid use, worker's compensation/litigation, BMI, and indication (radiculopathy versus myelopathy). Linear regression models were constructed to assess 12-month NDI change score versus pain relief expectations. Additional regression models assessed expectations versus achievement of MCID at 3- and 12-months and satisfaction at 12-months. 198 ACDF (56.1% female, median age 57) and 52 CDR patients (55.8% female, median age 51) were included. Regression models found no significant correlations between pain relief expectations and degree of NDI score improvement at the 12-month postoperative timepoint or MCID achievement at the 3- and 12-month postoperative timepoints. There was no association between preoperative expectations and 12-month satisfaction. However, greater preoperative dissatisfaction was significantly associated with greater 12-month improvement in NDI score. Preoperative pain relief expectations were not associated with functional outcomes or satisfaction following 1-2 level primary ACDF or CDR at 12-month follow-up. Patients' dissatisfaction with their preoperative spinal condition was significantly associated with greater 12-month NDI improvement. Assessing preoperative satisfaction may help identify those most likely to benefit from surgery.

Social Support and Expectancy as Predictors of Licensure Examination Success Among Professional Teachers

This study aimed to determine the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) profile, the Level of Social Support and Expectancy and their relationships and identify the dimensions that predict LET Success Rating. This quantitative study utilized descriptive-correlational design among LET Passers and Licensed Professional Teachers produced by the University of Mindanao from 2019–2023. 303 LPTs composed of 109 Elementary and 194 Secondary teachers selected via convenience and snowball sampling responded to the virtual survey. The collected data were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, spearman correlations, and multiple regressions. Results revealed that 87% of the LPTs were top-performing and had high social support and expectancy levels during their LET preparation. The correlation between social support and the LET Success Rating is positive but very weak. Likewise, the correlation between expectancy and LET Success Rating is positive but very weak. Moreover, social support predicts the LET Success Rating by 1.9%; expectancy predicts it by 0.4%. Furthermore, support from Friends and/or classmates has moderate and positive correlations and has a strong positive predictive power with LET Success Rating.

Mental contrasting and conflict management in satisfied and unsatisfied romantic relationships

Managing relationship conflict is a difficult yet crucial task for romantic partners. We investigated how imagining a conflict’s resolution affects the engagement in resolving that conflict. For instance, people may indulge in positive fantasies about their future, or they may mentally contrast their desired future (successful conflict resolution) with the main inner obstacle (e.g., anger, frustration) in the current reality. In two experiments, we tested whether mental contrasting increases engagement in resolving ongoing relationship conflicts participants perceived as important (i.e., high incentive value) and solvable (i.e., high expectations of success). In Experiment 1 ( N = 274, from predominantly satisfied relationships), mental contrasting compared to indulging improved the resolution of solvable conflicts over two weeks. This effect did not extend to conflicts of highest importance, which we found to be particularly severe. In Experiment 2 ( N = 270, from less satisfied relationships), mental contrasting, compared to indulging and to working on a concentration task, increased mental engagement with highly important, more severe conflicts over two weeks. Results suggest that mental contrasting helps in resolving solvable conflicts. When facing more severe, less solvable conflicts, however, mental contrasting stimulated mental engagement with conflicts. Our findings suggest that teaching people mental contrasting may complement existing conflict management approaches (e.g., in counseling or in self-help apps).

학부모 교육열의 종단적 변화 유형 탐색

This study aims to categorize the patterns of change in parents' educational enthusiasm and explore student- and parent-level predictors for each group. For this purpose, data from the 3rd to 8th waves of the Korean Education Longitudinal Study 2013 (KELS 2013) were analyzed, focusing on the parents of students who transitioned from middle school to high school. Using Growth Mixture Modeling(GMM), changes in parents' educational expectations and shadow education expenditures were examined. First, distinct subgroups of parents were identified in terms of educational enthusiasm. Changes in educational expectations were categorized into low expectation maintenance group, decreasing expectation group, and high expectation maintenance group, while changes in shadow education expenditures were classified as increasing expenditure group, medium expenditure maintenance group, and high expenditure maintenance group. Second, the predictors of educational enthusiasm included student gender, academic performance in the first year of middle school, parental education, occupational characteristics, and average monthly income. Based on these findings, this study recommends higher education policies that consider parental demands, the expansion of various public education services, and educational programs targeted at parents with low socioeconomic status.

Tab the lab: A typology of public sector innovation labs

Many public sector organizations set up innovation laboratories in response to the pressure to tackle societal problems and the high expectations placed on them to innovate public services. Our understanding of the public sector innovation laboratories’ role in enhancing the innovation capacity of administrations is still limited. It is challenging to assess or compare the impact of innovation laboratories because of how they operate and what they do. This paper closes this research gap by offering a typology that organizes the diverse nature of innovation labs and makes it possible to compare various lab settings. The proposed typology gives possible relevant factors to increase the innovation capacity of public organizations. The findings are based on a literature review of primarily explorative papers and case studies, which made it possible to identify the relevant criteria. The proposed typology covers three dimensions: (1) value (intended innovation impact of the labs); (2) governance (role of government and financing model); and (3) network (stakeholders in the collaborative arrangements). Comparing European countries and regions with regards to the repartition of labs shows that Nordic and British countries tend to have broader scope than continental European countries. Points for practitioners Public sector innovation (PSI) labs can help to approach innovation collaboratively across organizational boundaries. It is, however, necessary in this context to find the setup that best addresses an organization's needs or strategic ambitions. The proposed typology is based on criteria relevant for designing PSI labs. Being able to distinguish the different labs helps practitioners to choose models that fit their purposes and learn from existing labs.

Resident physician burnout and association with working conditions, psychiatric determinants, and medical errors: A cross-sectional study.

Burnout has become a significant occupational concern for resident physicians, primarily attributed to chronic workplace stressors, inadequate work-life balance, high expectation from attending staffs, steep learning curve, and limited patient care experience. The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated factors of burnout in medical residents. This cross-sectional study was conducted online questionnaire of all specialists in a university hospital from September to October 2022. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel. The data collection encompassed information on socio-demographics, working conditions, psychiatric issues, and medical errors as potential predictive variables. To analyze the association between these factors and burnout, a confounder summary score model was employed in four separate models utilizing multivariable logistic regression. A total of 238 participants, the average age of participants was 28.1 years (SD 2.7), and 56.2% of them were female. Weekly working hours averaged 75 (SD 21.8). Burnout prevalence was 46.3%. This prevalence was characterized by high levels of emotional exhaustion (57.1%) and depersonalization (36.1%), along with low levels of personal accomplishment (52.4%). Summary of association in each domain with burnout were as follow: demographic determinants, (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 2.80, 95% CI 1.68-4.64), working conditions (aOR 2.97, 95% CI 1.54-5.71), psychiatric determinants (aOR 2.47, 95% CI 1.77-3.45) medical errors (aOR 2.14, 95% CI 1.05-4.34). Medical residency training programs should provide a supportive system that actively monitors and addresses depressive symptoms. Implementing preventive measures, such as increasing pay rates, can play a role in mitigating burnout.

Examining Competitive Strategies in Growing Coffee Industry with Game Theory

The coffee market in Turkey is growing rapidly, leading to fierce competition between international, national and local coffee shops. It has become extremely important for the local economy that local businesses can compete and survive with these more institutionalized structures that also have brand advantages in competition. In this study, game theory was used as a tool to analyse the competitive strategies of companies operating in the coffee market by designing both zero-sum and non-zero-sum games. Considering that the expectations, tastes, preferences and consumption habits of the generations may be different, 1600 people were surveyed in Erzurum province by grouping them as Generation X, Y and Z according to their year of birth. Different game matrices were created with the data obtained from the surveys. The games were designed to identify the prominent strategies among coffee shops for each generation. The results showed that, regardless of generation, local coffee shops stand out from international and national coffee chains in terms of space comfort. In addition, local shops also stand out in terms of meeting consumer expectations. In order to gain a competitive advantage, local coffee shops should focus on developing strategies related to the space comfort. Developing this strategy provides opportunities for local businesses to increase their market share. It is also observed that Generation Z has higher expectations in all strategies compared to other generations.

Unravelling the sleep crisis: insomnia among medical students in government and private medical college students in Mysuru district

Background: Insomnia, a prevalent sleep disorder, significantly impacts medical students due to the high levels of stress and demanding academic schedules. The educational environment of medical students, marked by intense competition and high expectations, often contributes to chronic stress, a known precursor to sleep disturbances. This study aimed to compare the prevalence of insomnia among medical students in government and private medical colleges and assess the factors contributing to insomnia in these groups. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted among 490 medical students from government and private medical colleges over three months (April to June 2024). Systematic sampling was used to select participants, and data were collected via a self-administered questionnaire, including sociodemographic information and the Athens insomnia scale. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 26.0, with chi-square tests for qualitative data and Mann-Whitney U tests for insomnia comparisons. Results: The study revealed a significantly higher prevalence of insomnia in private medical college students (40.8%) compared to government college students (11.8%). Significant associations were found between insomnia and insufficient sleep, stress, and depression in both groups. Additionally, the use of mobile devices at night and irregular sleep patterns during exams were linked to higher insomnia rates. The median insomnia score was higher in private medical college students compared to government college students, indicating a statistically significant difference (p value <0.05). Conclusions: Targeted interventions to improve sleep quality and mental health support are crucial for this population. Regular assessments and feedback mechanisms should be implemented to enhance the effectiveness of these interventions.

Gender stereotypes in Ukrainian healthcare: results of the mixed methods study

Abstract Background A good interpersonal patient-provider relationship is crucial for quality care, still patients frequently perceive interface as discriminatory and marginalizing, reinforcing societal gender roles and hindering healthcare quality. This becomes even more critical for healthcare systems with limited resources and prolonged emergencies, such as Ukraine during the COVID-19 pandemic and full-scale war. We explore gender stereotypes of healthcare workers in Ukraine. Methods This mixed-methods study was conducted in August-September 2022, and included: 1)16 online focus group discussions with 93 healthcare workers; 2)survey conducted face-to-face with 1,529 physicians and 502 nurses; modified Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale questionnaire was used. Qualitative data was transcribed and inductively analyzed. Survey results were analyzed in SPSS using descriptive statistics and correlation analyses. Results Healthcare workers perceived women patients as ‘more demanding’ and ‘less accommodating’ compared to men. Thus, 64% of healthcare workers perceived female patients as overusing health services; 44%-believed women have higher expectations than male patients; 61%-thought they expected excessive empathy; and 58%-noticed women veering off-topic during consultations. Also, respondents who supported the belief that male patients better understand doctors’ recommendations were more likely to also support the statement that female patients, compared to male patients, more often have higher expectations from doctors (rs = 0.4, p < 0.001). With age prevalence of gender stereotypes increased among healthcare workers; there were no significant differences by sex of healthcare workers, healthcare facility type, position, or geographical location. Conclusions It is crucial to develop and implement gender-sensitive approaches in Ukrainian health facilities, rooted in comprehensive training and continuous professional development targeting prevalent gender stereotypes. Key messages • Gender stereotypes are prevalent among healthcare workers in Ukraine. • Gender-sensitive approaches and comprehensive training should target prevalent gender stereotypes.

Help! I Have Been Thinking to Do It Lately: Workplace Mistreatment and Suicidal Ideation Among Internship Students in Klang Valley

Workplace mistreatment, such as bullying, abusive supervision, and interpersonal conflict, is increasingly conceded as a critical issue affecting the mental health of junior professionals, particularly interns. Due to their momentary status, high expectations, and lack of support, interns are highly susceptible to negative workplace interactions that can lead to severe psychological outcomes such as including suicidal ideation. Drawing on the Fluid Vulnerability Theory, this study aims to examine the prevalence and impact of various forms of workplace mistreatment on suicidal ideation among internship students in Malaysia, providing insights for effective intervention strategies. The study used a cross-sectional research design and involved 247 internship students from the Faculty of Business and Management at UiTM Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire assessing experiences of workplace bullying, abusive supervision, interpersonal conflict, and suicidal ideation. Statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis, were employed to examine the relationships between the variables. The analysis revealed significant correlations between workplace bullying, abusive supervision, and interpersonal conflict with suicidal ideation. Regression models indicated that workplace bullying and interpersonal conflict were significant predictors of suicidal ideation, accentuating the critical need for targeted interventions in educational and professional environments. The findings suggest that workplace mistreatment significantly contributes to suicidal ideation among interns, highlighting the importance of developing supportive interventions and policies. Addressing workplace mistreatment through targeted programs can improve mental health outcomes for young professionals and foster healthier work environments.

The primary care in providing care for inflammatory bowel diseases: PEST analysis

Aim of the study. The study of macroeconomic (external) environmental factors influencing primary healthcare level as the main link in routing a patient with inflammatory bowel diseases and providing quality care.Materials and methods. The opinion of three experts on 4 groups of indicators (political, economic, social and technological) in the context of their impact on the outpatient level of care for inflammatory bowel diseases in the next 3-5 years is analyzed. All factors were taken into account based on the strength of their influence (from 1 to 3) and the probability of variability. Then, according to the methodology, a weight-adjusted score was determined.Results and discussion. The analysis of environmental factors on the effectiveness of medical care for inflammatory bowel diseases in primary health care has shown the importance of both technological factors (availability of information systems, telemedicine technologies, innovative techniques), political (related to the regulation of the health system at the Ministry level, the existing Standard, labor policy, the level of knowledge of doctors and preventive measures) and economic (financing of the system health care, developed infrastructure, income of the population and accessibility of services); socio-cultural factors are slightly less significant, primarily related to joint responsibility for the health of citizens, the level of education of the population, the degree of trust in medicine and the existing inflated expectations of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases.Conclusions. The analysis showed an obviously significant influence of technological, political and economic factors on the quality of care provided for inflammatory bowel diseases in primary health care. It is obvious that socio-cultural factors, primarily related to joint responsibility for the health of citizens, the level of education of the population, the degree of trust in medicine and the existing high expectations of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases, are comparatively less significant for the quality of care provided.

Relationships between work-family conflict, infertility-related stress, resilience and social support in patients undergoing infertility treatment

ABSTRACT Fertility treatments can be physically and psychologically exhausting for those who do it due to high expectations and possible frustration with the negative results. Moreover, it demands time and high financial investment, which are sometimes stressful factors for the working patient. Two aspects that can ease this context are resilience and social support. The present article aims to investigate the levels of work-family conflict in individuals undergoing infertility treatment and their associations with stress, resilience, and social support. The survey of 242 patients addressed sociodemographic data, Infertility-Related Stress Scale-Brazil (IRSS-BP), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale 10 (CD-RISC 10), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), and Work-Family Conflict Scale. Data were analyzed using R (4.3.2). Findings suggest that the level of Work-Family Conflict is higher in men (p = 0.020). The scale is also positively associated with Infertility Stress and negatively correlated with Resilience and Social Support.

Papa Francesco e il cattolicesimo in Germania Da ultimo una grande delusione?

The article provides an overview of the reception of Pope Francis in Germany following his election in 2013. The initial euphoric reactions are understandable, as Francis raised high expectations, particularly with Evangelii gaudium, regarding the resolution of the enormous backlog of reforms in the Catholic Church in Germany, whose religious situation differs significantly from that of other countries. However, since the post-synodal letter Querida Amazonía, disappointment with Francis has predominated. In particular, the Vatican’s reactions to the ‘Synodal Path’ have caused irritation.