Higher Education Organizations Research Articles

Correlation of Subject Characteristics, Work Stress Levels, and Smoking Patterns among Educational Personnel at X University, Indonesia

Human resources are among the crucial aspects of an organization, including in higher-education organizations. Educational personnel, a key component of the education system, are prone to work stress, which may trigger smoking behavior. Personal characteristics may also influence smoking behavior. This cross-sectional observational analytic study aimed to analyze the relationship between characteristics, work stress level, and smoking behavior of educational personnel of X University, Indonesia. On 30 April–Mei 2021, subjects were recruited through total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria (n=100, all males). A questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability was used to collect data on subject characteristics and behaviors, while DASS-42 was used to measure work stress. Age, education level, length of work, and work stress were the independent variables, while smoking was the dependent variable. Data collected were analyzed univariately and bivariately using the chi-square test, with p<0.05 considered significant. Age, education, and length of work were found to be significantly correlated with smoking (p=0.007, 0.016, and 0.009, respectively). However, stress levels did not correlate with smoking (p=0.786). This suggests that age, education, and length of work significantly influence smoking behavior. It's crucial to interpret these findings with caution, especially considering that all subjects are males, who have been proven less prone to stress than females. This caution is necessary to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing smoking behavior among educational personnel.

Gender-based differences in the representation and experiences of academic leaders in medicine and dentistry: a mixed method study from Pakistan

BackgroundResearch evidence suggests gender-based differences in the extent and experiences of academic leaders across the globe even in developed countries like USA, UK, and Canada. The under-representation is particularly common in higher education organizations, including medical and dental schools. The current study aimed to investigate gender-based distribution and explore leaders’ experiences in the medical and dental institutes in a developing country, Pakistan.MethodsA mixed-method approach was used. Gender-based distribution data of academic leaders in 28 colleges including 18 medical and 10 dental colleges of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan were collected. Qualitative data regarding the experiences of academic leaders (n = 10) was collected through semi-structured interviews followed by transcription and thematic analysis using standard procedures.ResultsGender-based disparities exist across all institutes with the greatest differences among the top-rank leadership level (principals/deans) where 84.5% of the positions were occupied by males. The gender gap was relatively narrow at mid-level leadership positions reaching up to as high as > 40% of female leaders in medical/dental education. The qualitative analysis found gender-based differences in the experiences under four themes: leadership attributes, leadership journey, challenges, and support.ConclusionsThe study showed that women are not only significantly under-represented in leadership positions in medical and dental colleges in Pakistan, they also face gender-based discrimination and struggling to maintain a decent work life balance. These findings are critical and can have important implications for government, organizations, human resource managers, and policymakers in terms of enacting laws, proposing regulations, and establishing support mechanisms to improve gender-based balance and help current and aspiring leaders in their leadership journey.

ORGANIZATION OF INTERNAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEMS AS A CONSTRUCT OF THE NATIONAL QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEM: PRACTICE OF KAZAKHSTANI UNIVERSITIES

The restructuring of the quality assurance system of higher education in Kazakhstan is considered a condition for the formation of competitive human potential. The research interest of the authors of this article is aimed at the practice of organizing the internal quality assurance system as the first component of the three-dimensional model of the National Quality Assurance System, which also includes the external quality assurance system and mechanisms of management and regulation of the quality assurance system. The activity of Kazakhstani HEIs with orientation on the European Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Higher Education in the European Higher Education Area (ESG EHEA) is carried out through the activity of designing a system of measures, including planning, organization and implementation of the actual internal system of quality assurance, adequate to the features of the educational environment of the HEI. As a result of design activity, "author's" normative, organizational, personnel conditions of internal quality assurance systems are created. The purpose of our research was to analyze the practices of organization of internal quality assurance system by HEIs of Kazakhstan as a construct of the National Quality Assurance System. The study allowed us to identify the common and special in the organization of internal quality assurance systems in the context of the implementation of quality assurance methodology in higher education organizations, in the context of academic freedom.

Understanding the salary gap between academic faculty and top administrators: a New Public Management perspective

ABSTRACT Do university administrators receive significantly higher remuneration than faculty members? Can the adoption of New Public Management (NPM) principles in higher education governance contribute to a more equitable allocation of resources? This study aims to address these questions by examining a sample of Russian public universities from 2018–2021. The analysis focuses on the salary gap between university administrators, specifically rectors and vice-rectors, and faculty members. The study explores both institutional and leader-related factors that contribute to this salary gap. While NPM proposes the implementation of incentive contracts and control mechanisms to enhance organisational performance, the findings indicate that the salary gap is more pronounced in research-oriented universities. These results suggest that top-level managers are rewarded for the exceptional performance of faculty members, which contributes to an increasing income disparity that may adversely affect perceptions of fairness within higher education organisations.

Types of shop stewards in a South African higher education institution and their varying challenges

ABSTRACT The main role of shop stewards, whether part-time or full-time, is to act as workplace representatives for trade unions. However, they face several challenges while fulfilling their roles, more specifically shop stewards in the higher education sector due to marginalisation and politicisation in the sector. This study employs qualitative research methods to explore these challenges and proposes effective solutions for shop stewards. The study involved interviews with 15 shop stewards from a higher education organisation. After analysing the data, the findings revealed that part-time shop stewards get challenged by role overload and face the risk of career suicide. On the other hand, full-time shop stewards are challenged by the prolonged working hours. Similarly, both types of shop stewards experience work-family and interpersonal conflicts. South African labour legislation needs to be relooked at to accommodate the dual roles of part-time shop stewards and reduce the hostility they encounter from line managers or employers. Moreover, shop stewards need to develop on self-and others’ awareness skills, and create own awareness with workplace policies so that they carefully navigate between their two roles without any major ramifications like disciplinary hearings. These findings provide new information on shop stewards challenges by type in the higher education sector.

The impact of diversity experiences and innovative learning environments on the personal development of international students studying in China

AbstractIn recent decades, the number of international students in China has significantly increased. This swift growth of international students has raised concerns about the capacity of Chinese universities to meet international students' academic expectations. Since the quality of higher education is frequently measured by student learning experiences, this article explores the experiences of international students in China. It examines the relationship among diversity experiences, innovative learning environments and personal development, specifically focusing on the mediating role of cultural adoption among international students. The data collected from 304 international students from various countries studying in Shaanxi, China, through an adapted survey and structural equation modelling (SEM) were applied for analyses. This study highlights the importance of cultural adoption in the context of international education and its influence on personal development. It establishes a strong relationship among diversity experiences, innovative learning environments, cultural adoption and personal development of students. The study findings provide valuable understanding for individuals and organizations in higher education on effectively promoting cultural acceptance and enriching the development of global students.

Student`s innovative professional competence in the context of the implementation of an individual educational trajectory

The problem of student`s innovative professional formation in the context of the implementation of an individual educational trajectory in a higher educational organization is considered in the paper. The relevance of the study is determined by the transformation of the conditions of functioning of higher education in the knowledge society; an increase in need of employers for graduates with a set of necessary beliefs, knowledge, skills and abilities for the development and implementation of innovations, taking into account existing features and changing trends of the professional environment. The main research methods are the analysis and synthesis of scientific data, research results in the fields of transformation of higher educational institutions and individualization of the learning process; generalization and systematization of scientific facts and statements. As a result of the research, the authors have revealed the concept of student`s innovative professional competence and proposed the structure in the context of the implementation of an individual educational trajectory, integrating value-motivational, instrumental-technological, research, creative-reflective, interactive-communication and academic-entrepreneurial components. The indicators highlighted by the authors in the competence structure will allow assessing the formation of each of the components for their further development.

Why Must I Choose: Multiracial Students Negotiating Identity at a PWI

College and university campuses are typically the most diverse environments students have ever inhabited. Higher education is an opportunity for students to discover their authentic selves. Universities facilitate student development by creating population-specific resources for marginalized students and motivating them to become involved. Many resources are monoracially designed. Unfortunately, higher education has a history of perpetuating monoracism in involvement opportunities and not considering fluidity as multiracial individuals explore their holistic identity. Instead, universities need to influence positive social behavior in multiracial identity development by encouraging multiracial students to explore their fluidity, rather than negotiate their identity when choosing monoracial organizations in higher education.

Современные подходы к методике преподавания истории в высшем учебном заведении

Historical education in the system of higher educations is designed to solve not only teaching, but also upbringing tasks. Therefore, it is called upon to quickly and effectively overcome challenges which the historical education faces with the help of a specific political situation and social need. The modern situation is particularly acute in this regard. The concept of teaching Russian history to individuals of non-historical specialties and fields, which are implemented in higher education organisations, adopted in 2023, also testifies to this. The renewal of the content of historical education in the country requires the introduction of innovations in the field of the methodology of teaching. The methodological basis of history teaching in Russia has a long tradition, formed within the framework of several directions. Modern researchers of the problem note the special importance of the technological approach, which has become widespread in educational institutions of the country. However, it is not enough for today. The methodology of teaching history should precisely reflect the changes in the content of the discipline. At the same time, the range of methodological techniques in the teacher's arsenal may not change significantly. It is even possible to appeal to the experience of pre-revolutionary and Soviet methodology. But the question of the content of the methodological base and its objective orientation is core.

Protective action as an enduring keystone of risk communication: Effective form, function and process of risk messaging as advocated by global higher education practitioners during a pandemic

AbstractRisk communication is a keystone in crisis prevention and mitigation. For that purpose, many institutions worldwide have the task of translating scientific risk information into actionable messages for public safety. As a collaboration among international risk and crisis communication scholars and practitioners, we sought to identify what risk communication practitioners at higher education organizations in the Global South and North identify as essential elements of effective risk communication, based on 32 interviews in 16 countries during the first wave of the COVID‐19 pandemic (June–August, 2020). Results exemplify a shared vision for addressing the stickiest, most wicked challenges to effective risk communication globally. The interviews revealed globally shared best practices related to form, function, and process leading directly to what we consider the keystone of effective risk communication: saving lives (outcome).

THE ANALYSIS OF PARTIAL EFFECT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE MODERATION, TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP, AND LOCAL CULTURE, TOWARD PRIVATE HIGHER EDUCATION ORGANIZATION CHANGES

Purpose: This paper aims to analyse the partial effect and moderation between variables of organizational culture, transformational leadership, and local culture; toward organizational changes. Theorical framework: The process of higher education in Indonesia cannot be separated from government intervention as the highest stakeholder, including in educational institutions. Some policies related to the curriculum, teaching staff, education staff, facilities, administration, and so on. Thus, higher education providers must fulfil administrative elements predominantly, rather than developing knowledge and skills. By looking at this phenomenon, there has to be a link between political interests, policies, and higher education (Zhai and Yuan, 2019). Design/methodology/approach: This study uses descriptive qualitative analysis. Data analysis used in this study is using SmartPLS 3.0 with 315 samples of higher education institution leaders in Jakarta. The research questions of this study are: a. the Effects of organizational culture on organizational change; b. the impact of transformational leadership on organizational change; c. impact of local culture on organizational change; d. the impact of transformational leadership facilitation on organizational change; e. effects of local culture moderation on the relationship between organizational culture and organizational change. Findings: The results of this study are: 1) organizational culture has positive and significant impact toward organization changes (relatively low, only 7.1%); 2) transformational leadership has positive and significant impact toward organization changes (relatively high, 88.9%); 3) local culture has positive and significant impact toward organization changes (relatively low, only 5.3%); 4) transformational leadership has no moderation relationship between organizational culture and organization changes; 5) local culture has no moderation relationship between organizational culture and organization changes, hence those two moderation variables are not getting stronger nor weaken. They are independently has partial effect to the organization and need no moderation toward organizational culture to achieve organization changes. Research, Practical & Social Implications: This study has come up with empiric and scientific findings that transformational leadership has the highest effect toward organizational changes in private owned higher education organizations in Jakarta, Indonesia. Originality/value: The novelty of this study has shown that shows that transformational leadership has the greatest impact on organizational change in a private university in Jakarta, Indonesia.

AN EFFECTIVE DATA MINING APPROACH FOR ASSESSING STUDENT’S SATISFACTION IN ONLINE EDUCATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The advent of the COVID-19 outbreak has caused widespread public-health concerns. As a result of these emergency conditions, several governments have opted to implement lockdowns to reduce social interaction and minimize infection. COVID-19 has significantly impacted Higher Education Organizations (HEOs). Many unorthodox educational methods are proposed to ensure the continuation of the learning system in light of the effects of this pandemic and the necessity for alternative remedies. Online Education (OE), also based on learning together in a synchronous or asynchronous environment by employing various equipment, including mobile devices, Computers, and so forth, for Internet access, was among the options. All education systems are primarily concerned with boosting students' academic achievement to improve the overall standard of teaching. In this regard, Educational Data Mining (EDM) seems to be an expeditiously growing field of research that employs the significance of Data Mining (DM) ideas to assist the education system in determining valuable information just on Student Satisfaction Learning (SSL) with both Online Learning procedure (OL) as during COVID-19. Various approaches have been explored using EDM to forecast students' behaviors to provide the optimum educational settings. As a result, Feature Selection (FS) was commonly used to find one of the most indicates. the status of characteristics with the least cardinality. For COVID-19 to find accuracy result in this research KNN and SVM algorithm used by using modified data set from Kaggle. Results showed 79.9% precision of education level wise prediction using KNN, 73.7% precision of devices wise prediction using KNN and 88.5% precision of educational level wise predication using SVM, 73.8% precision of device wise prediction using SVM which is showing that the proposed model is significant.

Modeling the Productivity of Human Resources with an Emphasis on Social Capital with the Approach of Learning Organizations in the Country's Higher Education

The purpose of the current research is to find a model of human resources productivity with an emphasis on social capital with the approach of learning organizations in higher education of the country. The current research is mixed and in terms of its purpose, it is of the type of basic-applied research and in terms of the method of collecting information, it is of the survey type. The statistical population of the current research will be all experts of higher education in the country, including management professors. who were selected purposefully, using the method of the number of questions in structural equations, 280 people were selected for the quantitative part and 17 university experts were selected for the qualitative part. In order to collect data, thematic analysis method was first used by interview, after confirming the questions by confirmatory factor analysis, the questionnaire was used to conduct the quantitative part of the research. Content validity was used to determine the validity of the questionnaire, and after compiling the final questionnaire, the expertise of university professors and experts was used to determine the content validity. that the questionnaires were approved. In order to analyze the data in the qualitative part, thematic analysis method, interviews and manual coding were used, and in the quantitative part, Smart PLS3.3 and SPSS22 software including confirmatory factor analysis tests were used. The findings of the research show that in the qualitative part, 45 factors were identified in 3 organizational, individual and environmental dimensions. And after analyzing the confirmatory factor and confirming the validity and reliability of the research questions in the quantitative part, the pattern and research questions were confirmed. One of the most important factors in the progress of an organization is the productivity of human resources. In today's changing and complex conditions that govern the economic, social, political, etc. environment, one of the factors that can help the survival of the organization is the issue of productivity, so human power has always played a significant role in the efficiency of organizations.

Employees Awareness When The Quality Management System Is Converted At Higher Education Organization

Employees Awareness When The Quality Management System Is Converted At Higher Education Organization

An analysis of the relationship between servant leadership and organizational citizenship behavior: The effect of emotional intelligence as a mediating role

The current study's primary goal is to ascertain the impact of servant leadership on organizational citizenship behavior as being affected by emotional intelligence as the mediating variable. This descriptive study was applied to the academic staff of private and public universities. The questionnaire was used for data collection. The dimensions of servant leadership (SL) were nine, the dimensions of emotional intelligence were nine while five dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior were used and collected from literature review. The questionnaire was distributed to 304 of the academic staff. The findings indicate a moderate degree of the servant leadership practice. Also, the evaluation of organizational citizenship behavior practice and emotional intelligence was negative in academic institutions. The results showed that servant leadership affects positively organizational citizenship behavior using emotional intelligence as a mediator. Servant leadership is very important in higher educational organizations when followed properly and affects organizational citizenship behavior by considering the emotional aspects of the academic staff.

НОВЫЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ОЦЕНКЕ СФОРМИРОВАННОСТИ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНЫХ КОМПЕТЕНЦИЙ, ВОСТРЕБОВАННЫХ РАБОТОДАТЕЛЯМИ

The object and subject of the study are groups of related professions in demand by employers, and key professional competencies corresponding to the group of related professions. The purpose of the paper is to substantiate the approach to assessing the development of professional competencies in professions that are in demand by employers. The research methods are system analysis, synthesis, generalization, comparison, and systematization. The novelty of the research lies in the development and substantiation of approaches to identifying groups of related professions in demand among employers and the key professional competencies corresponding to them, as well as evaluating their maturity using specialized test tasks; in substantiating the idea that adapting one's professional activities based on the established key competencies within a group of related professions is a way of implementing changes in labor practices in a market economy. The results of the study can be used in employment centers to promote successful employment and the development of professional mobility of youth and other categories of citizens entering the labor market; in professional educational organizations and higher education organizations when providing career guidance to students.

Is our scholarship elevating or hindering transformation and possibility? Conceptualizations of student organizations in higher education

PurposeThis review addresses how student organizations are conceptually framed in the scholarly literature—organizations the authors referred to as “ethnicized student organizations” or “ESOs,” which include both Black Indigenous and People of Color (BIPOC) student organizations and ethnically white student organizations such as mainstream fraternities/sororities and clubs that are normalized as not having a racial/ethnic affiliation.Design/methodology/approachCritical race theory informs the analysis of 175 articles that address ESOs from 2002 to 2016.FindingsAnalysis revealed that a majority of scholarship conceptualizes ESOs in ways that can minimize the role of institutional whiteness where they are positioned as either serving or hindering both individual students and institutional goals. Findings also reveal a smaller body of literature that emphasized institutionalized power dynamics and honors the transformative work of BIPOC students through ESOs.Originality/valueDespite widespread public commitments to diversity among institutions, whiteness remains a core institutional presence. This study illustrates the relationships among student organizations, white supremacy and higher education transformation.

Exploring education leaders' perceptions of the effectiveness of socio-religious organisations in higher education funding in Cross River State, Nigeria

Purpose: This study examines education leaders' perceptions of the effectiveness of socio-religious organizations in higher education funding in Cross River State, Nigeria, focusing on the University of Calabar and Cross River State University.
 Design/Methodology/Approach: A survey consisting of 34 items was developed, validated, and administered to 146 educational leaders from the two public universities in Cross River State. The survey aimed to gather their views on the effectiveness of socio-religious organizations in funding higher education.
 Findings: The results indicate that while some socio-religious organizations are perceived to contribute to a vibrant and prosperous school community, they have not fully addressed the economic opportunities, skills, and knowledge needed for student workforce success. Gender and experience did not significantly relate to socio-religious organizations’ funding in higher education.
 Conclusion: This study explores education leaders' perspectives on the effectiveness of socio-religious organizations in funding higher education and suggests that addressing differences among education leaders can enhance learning experiences.
 Research Limitations and Implications: The focus on education leaders' perspectives, the specific geographical context of Cross River State, Nigeria, and the reliance on self-reported survey data, which may be subject to response biases; therefore, caution should be exercised in generalizing the findings to other contexts.
 Practical Implications: The effectiveness of higher education funding depends on various factors, including institutional context, funding nature, and the values of the funding organization.
 Contributions to Literature: Socio-religious organizations can contribute to higher education funding through scholarships, grants, and donations to institutions, highlighting the diverse ways in which they can support educational advancement.

The concept, essence and role of student project activities and project management office placement in the structure of its management

The article studies peculiarities of project activity organization in educational organizations of higher education. The relevance of the study is determined by higher education organizations’ interest in introducing and developing project activity and using concepts related to it. The concept of project is used by higher education organizations not in its direct meaning, but to reflect students’ practical activity. The article describes peculiarities of university-based project office functioning and their tasks. Justifications for involving third-party organizations such as outsourcing to implement functions of the upper management level of project management office have been given. The authors resort to scientific literature and other official sources that confirm correctness and validity of their arguments.

Competition on hold? How competing discourses shape academic organisations in times of crisis

This research deals with the question of how the Covid-19 pandemic affected discourses on competition in higher education organisations and how other discourses occurred and gained power. Additionally, it focusses on changes which take place in windows of opportunities that occur through discursive change in times of crisis. We show that discourses on competition have been highly influential in the field of academia. However, the pandemic rapidly introduced or empowered new or different discourses. These discourses either replaced existing discourses on competition, ascribed different meanings or redefined the frame under which a specific discourse is important. We merge our observations of such processes into the argument that the Covid-19 crisis has put competition discourses on hold during the first stage of the pandemic. At later stages, we show that competition discourses regained power. To make these contributions, we analyse interviews conducted at two universities at the organisational leadership level and in different departments in subjects such as social sciences, product design, music and engineering. We also examine official statements by the German rectors’ conference and further documents such as emails and press releases at two stages of the pandemic crisis. The first stage took place during the lockdowns in 2020 and gives us rich insights into the changes during the pandemic. The second stage took place in 2022 when organisations returned at least partly to their pre-pandemic routines allowing us to analyse changes over time.