History Of Higher Education Research Articles

Tracing Some Challenges of Higher Education Historically in Nepal through Tribhuvan University

Tribhuvan University (TU) is the oldest and only central university in Nepal. It set a historical record in 2023 by convocating more than twelve thousand students at one time. Despite the presence of many regional and technical institutes and universities that contribute to Nepali society in higher education, Nepali students often prefer to study abroad after completing their school-level certificates. This trend has compelled Nepali university planners, educators, political parties, and governments to review the reasons for the brain drain among youth. The article aims to restore faith among Nepali citizens in the higher educational institutions available in the country, especially TU, and to encourage stakeholders to recognize the sensitivity of the issue so that brain drain can be reduced. To achieve this, the author selects various media writings on the higher education sector, websites, reports, and books on Gagne's psychological theory and the history of higher education in Nepal, adhering to qualitative research methods. The findings indicate that there is a need for correction and self-evaluation among TU authorities, Nepali political parties, and other stakeholders to contribute positively and help the university maintain its good image.

Guiando el aprendizaje a través de simulación en salud: el papel transformador del docente

The parameters to define what “a general teaching role” should be have varied in the history of higher education. The existing evidence in favor of generating spaces for controversy, questions, active and greater participation of students, guiding learning and not directing it, is overwhelming. Although the clinical simulation teacher does not escape this definition, there are still controversies as to whether there are true differences in their role compared to other areas of health teaching. In this article we intend to break down some issues that differentiate the teachers in charge of the facilitation process, such as clinical simulation, which stimulates autonomous learning, meaningful learning, vicarious learning, cooperative and reflective learning, learning in action and experiential learning.

Bridging Educational Voids: The Emergence and Significance of Sociology in Somali Higher Education

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the absence of sociology as an academic subject within Somali higher education, delve into the history of higher education in Somalis, examine the primary themes of sociological debates in the country, and explore potential prospects for offering sociology as a field of study in Somali universities. By employing a Qualitative Descriptive Review methodology, the study thoroughly reviews and thematically analyzes a range of literature, such as academic papers, historical documents, and policy papers, instead of gathering primary data. This method is selected to provide a comprehensive account of the obstacles and opportunities in incorporating sociology into the curricula of Somali universities. Somali higher education, which commenced with the establishment of Somali National University following independence, has experienced a turbulent history. Initially, the only operational university during the military regime until 1991, the fall of the military government resulted in several decades of conflict and instability. Despite these challenges, several universities have been active over the past two decades, but they have largely overlooked sociology, resulting in a notable deficiency in the social sciences. The study demonstrates that the lack of sociology in Somali universities represents a significant oversight, given the subject's potential to contribute to understanding and addressing social issues in a post-conflict society. In conclusion, the paper advocates for the urgent need to integrate sociology into the curricula of Somali universities, arguing that doing so would not only bridge an existing academic gap but also equip future generations with essential tools to analyze and positively contribute to the rebuilding and development of Somali society.

75 lat polskiej medycyny i farmacji we Wrocławiu (1945–2020). Wybrane elementy historii wrocławskich wyższych uczelni. Część trzecia

75 years of Polish medicine and pharmacy in Wrocław (1945–2020). Selected elements from the history of higher education in Wrocław. Part tree Professional training in medicine and pharmacy had begun in Wrocław by the fall of 1945. The Faculty of Medicine was created within the structure of Wrocław University and Wrocław University of Science and Technology. Two departments were established within it: the Pharmaceutical and Dentistry departments. In 1950, a specialized medical school was developed from the University, functioning briefl y under the name of the Medical Academy (which was changed to the Academy of Medicine), already with an independent Faculty of Pharmacy. In 1979, the Medical Analytics Department was established within the Faculty of Pharmacy (which ceased its activities in 2020). In 1978, the Faculty of Nursing was created which was transformed into the Faculty of Public Health in 2001 and into the Faculty of Health Sciences in 2008. Starting in 1989, the school was called the Academy of Medicine in Wrocław (Akademia Medyczna im. Piastów Śląskich). In 1992, the Post-Graduate Faculty of Medicine (existing until the academic year 2019/2020) was distinguished from the Faculty of Medicine. In 2000, the Department of Dentistry was transformed into the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. As a part of the school, liberal arts and social studies connected with medicine were also developed in units located within the structure of various departments of the AM. The Academy of Medicine in Wrocław existed until 2011 when the decision was made to transform it into Wrocław Medical University (Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastów Śląskich), functioning until now. The article presents the major stages in the history of medical schools in Wroclaw after 1945, taking into consideration the external factors that had an effect on the changes occurring in them. It also presents their results. It consists of three parts. The fi rst one presents the most important aspects of the history of the Faculty of Medicine of Wrocław University and Wroclaw University of Science and Technology in the years 1945–1949. The second part discusses the history of the Academy of Medicine in the years 1950– 2011, and the third one of Wrocław Medical University in the years 2011–2020. The article contains an extensive bibliography of studies concerning the history of these schools as well as the system of public medicine in Poland in the years 1945–2020, providing the context for their activities.

Pamięć zdarzeń, które „nigdy nie miały miejsca”. Slavery Memorial Martina Puryeara

The Memory of the Events That “Never Took Place:” Martin Puryear’s Slavery Memorial This paper delves into the structure of Martin Puryear’s Slavery Memorial at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island, and how it serves as an example of the commemorative practices employed to confront Americans’ collective oblivion with a historical site touched by the trauma of the enslaved peoples. Drawing on the history of higher education in New England, the author analyzes the artistic devices employed by Puryear to convey the truth about Brown’s involvement in the transatlantic slave trade and the rhetoric of perception imposed by the monument on the viewer. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how the structure of the Slavery Memorial triggers the process of remembering historical facts that are not so much repressed as non-existent in the local community’s collective consciousness.

Activism trends in higher education: Snapshot from 2018 to 2021

Throughout the history of higher education, students have engaged in activism, demanding that institutions become more and more equitable. This study shares data collected across Big10 institutions through the Multi-Institutional Study of Leadership regarding trends in activism involvement, activism behaviors, and social issues around which those behaviors were focused. Findings indicate that 1) overall, activism-related behaviors increased, and 2) issues about social identities and policies increased. By better understanding student activism, student affairs educators can adapt, change, and grow with student needs, especially working with and for student activists.

Perspectives from Europe region

AbstractThis article highlights the establishment of development efforts of four different associations to meet the needs of higher education, ministries, and the European Union. Each association has its niche on how students are supported based on the history of higher education, culture, and work with or on behalf of students.

Perspectives from the North America and the Caribbean Region

AbstractStudent affairs and services has a long history in higher education and associations followed suit to assist in the efforts of professionalization. This region differs in that in the US and Canada there are many specialized associations for certain functions in SAS but this report examines the works of four of the most established associations in three countries.

Protokoły posiedzeń Rady Uniwersytetu Charkowskiego z lat sześćdziesiątych-osiemdziesiątych XIX w. jako źródło historyczne

The reforming of the university system in the Russian Empire in the second half of the 19th century also affected the activity of the University Councils. The main documents that reflected the functioning of these institutions are the protocols of their meetings. This article analyzes the source potential of the surviving protocols of the Council of the Imperial Kharkiv University. The research of this complex allows us not only to clarify the specific facts from the history of higher education in the Russian Empire in the second half of the XIX century, but also to review existing stereotypes in historiography, which concern the role of university councils in the transition from the „corporate” university to the „state” one.

Записка Г.Ф. Паррота императору Николаю I об основании Профессорского института: исследование, публикация источника

The article examines the activities of academician Georg Friedrich Parrot, associated with the emergence of the Professorial Institute in Dorpat. Parrot himself was for a long time a professor at Dorpat University and understood well the need to train national professors for the universities of the Russian Empire. Questions of public education turned out to be the central topic in the correspondence of G. F. Parrot with both Emperor Alexander I and Emperor Nicholas I. It was Parrot who became the author of the note Mémoire sur les universitiés de l'interieur de la Russie, the main idea of which was embodied in an educational institution established in 1827, designed to train domestic professors. Nicholas I generally supported Parrot's project, even though the project caused mixed assessments in the Committee for the Arrangement of Educational Institutions. For the fi rst time, Parrot's note is published in full and introduced into scientifi c circulation in French (original language) and translated into Russian. The location of the original note in the fund of the Committee for the Arrangement of Educational Institutions and its copy in the fund of the Department of Public Education has been clarifi ed. An analysis of scientifi c papers devoted to the organization and initial activities of the Professorial Institute showed that the researchers mainly turned to the documents of the Committee published at the end of the 19th century, and not to the original of Parrot's note. The author comes to the conclusion that the publication and full introduction into scientifi c circulation of the text of the project of Academician G. F. Parrot will be an important contribution to the history of the Dorpat Professorial Institute, university history, as well as the history of higher education in the Russian Empire.

Universities, imperialism and the collective work ahead.

Universities, imperialism and the collective work ahead.

Notes on Contributors

Notes on Contributors

ИСТОРИЯ СОЗДАНИЯ И РАЗВИТИЯ КАФЕДРЫ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ АЛТАЙСКОГО ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО УНИВЕРСИТЕТА. ПОСВЯЩАЕТСЯ 50‑ЛЕТНЕМУ ЮБИЛЕЮ УНИВЕРСИТЕТА

The article is devoted to the history of development and formation of the Departmentof Physical Education of the Altai State University. The process of development of the departmentis inextricably linked with the process of becoming a university, the first classical university inthe Altai Territory. On January 31, 1973, the bureau of the regional committee of the CPSU, theexecutive committee of the regional Council of Workers' Deputies, adopted a joint resolution «Onthe organization of the Altai State University», which fixed the fundamental provisions related to thecreation of the university. The creation of the university, as well as the creation of the department ofphysical education, was complicated by the fact that ASU was created on an independent basis, i. e.the creation of the material base was to take place as the young university grew. The development ofthe sports base of the department, as well as the material base of the university, began almost fromscratch. For the organization of the university, an unprecedented time for the post-war history ofhigher education was allotted — only three months. At the end of May, a rector was appointed, andin September it was already necessary to start classes.The Department of Physical Education was created among the first departments, which built theeducational process with students, on sports facilities provided at the disposal of the Department onlease terms. The process of creating the sports base of the university began in 1975 and until 1995,the department of physical education, first under the leadership of Dmitry Yakovlevich Zvyagin,and since 1977, headed by the head of the department Petr Yakovlevich Dugnist, with their ownhands, with the help of teachers of the department and students of the university built a ski base, arecreation center “Lake Krasilovo”, a sports hall in the annex building on Socialist Avenue, a sportsand recreation complex. In parallel with the construction, the department solved the issues of theformation of the discipline “physical education”, developed its personnel potential. Much attentionwas paid to the development of sports at the university. Since 1976, and this in the complete absenceof their own sports facilities, students, staff and teachers of the university have actively participatedin city, regional and regional competitions, literally gnawing prizes and championship titles.The article analyzes the stages of development of the department, considers the main directionsof its activities, presents the results of many years of experience of the department. The study usedmaterials on the creation of the university by the first rector of ASU V.I. Neverov, articles andpublications of newspapers: “For Science”, “Altaiskaya Pravda”, “Altai sport”, materials from thearchive of the Altai State University, memoirs of teachers of the department, who have been workingpractically since the foundation of the department.

“We have a somewhat unusual meeting today...” : Transcript from the meeting of rectors of higher educational institutions and secretaries of their Komsomol and party organizations on November 21, 1967 in Dnipropetrovsk

The purpose of the article is to present and analyze a document from the fund of the Central Committee of the LCLYU (in Ukr. – LKSMU) from the CSAPO (in Ukr. – TSDAGO) of Ukraine – a transcript of the meeting of rectors and representatives of Komsomol and party organizations of “high schools” of Dnipropetrovsk on November 21, 1967, which held at the initiative of the Central Committee of the LCLYU. Research methods: historical-chronological, historical-genetic, comparative, descriptive. Main results. The published transcript recorded a conversation with the participation of one of the secretaries of the Central Committee of the LCLYU, dedicated to figuring out the state of “communist education” of the city's students. The meeting with the heads of universities and Komsomol and party activists was held on the eve of the December plenum of the Central Committee of the AULYCL (in Ukr. – VLKSM), which was supposed to consider the work of Komsomol unions with students. The conditions of the meeting, the main participants, who represented all institutes of the city – metallurgical, medical, civil engineering, railway transport engineers, agricultural, mining and state university were characterized. The specifics of the meeting were determined by the jubilee dates that fell on 1967–1968, in particular the 50th anniversary of the AULYCL’s founding, as well as ideological crisis of the “exit” from the “Thaw”: the latter significantly strengthened the position of students in the youth movement, reinforced its public and creative activity. Attempts to find an adequate answer to the challenges of the time and to preserve party-Komsomol control over the student body led to the discussion of key issues: concerning the work of Komsomol organizations of higher education institutions in the “formation of the communist worldview”, the scientific-student society, state of studying social disciplines, issues related to labor, aesthetic, physical education, and organizational activities of the Komsomol in universities. Conclusions. The analyzed document reflects one of the difficult periods in the history of Ukrainian higher education and studentship, an important part of the party and Komsomol leadership’s work, reveals the peculiarities of their communication with the heads of higher education institutions, the latter's vision of the problems of the student community. Practical significance: the results of this research will contribute to the expansion of the research topics of local and urban history, history of higher education in certain regions, studentship as an important social category, its role in the development of Ukrainian/Soviet society. The originality lies in the publication and presentation of an archival source on the history of the leading youth organization of Ukraine during the Soviet era – LCLYU, which reveals the features of working with the heads of higher educational institutions on issues of Komsomol activity and student life. Scientific novelty is determined by the problems of studying the Soviet period in the history of Ukraine at the local level, ambiguity, multiplicity of visions of this time on the part of the management of educational institutions and representatives of party and Komsomol organizations. Type of article: archeographical.

Architectural History and Sustainable Architectural Heritage Education: Digitalisation of Heritage in New Zealand

Over the last few decades, a significant amount of literature on the preservation and adaptive reuse of historical buildings has been published. More recently, the use of digital technologies in heritage projects and academic research has become increasingly topical worldwide. However, the topic of architectural education and the teaching of architectural history in relation to heritage is less discussed. This paper contributes to this relevant and necessary topic that has not received much attention in academia so far, and presents a case study—a real-life heritage project to teach architectural history in higher education. The methodology applied in this case study is based on the digital methods of heritage surveying. The paper explains the methodology process and illustrates the key tasks across three project phases of a Scan to BIM/Capture to CAD methodology: methods and activities developed with the students, from building survey, data processing, development of BIM models, etc. The aim of the paper is to analyse the positive contribution for the teaching curriculum and the benefits for community and industry. The paper is a reflective narrative piece and seeks to share useful tools and strategies to make educational use of a heritage building and its resources as one way of teaching architectural history and heritage today.

75 lat polskiej medycyny i farmacji we Wrocławiu. Wybrane elementy historii wrocławskich wyższych uczelni. Część pierwsza (1945–1949)

75 years of Polish medicine and pharmacy in Wrocław. Selected elements from the history of higher education in Wrocław. Part one (1945–1949) Professional training in medicine and pharmacy had begun in Wrocław by the fall of 1945. The Faculty of Medicine was created within the structure of Wrocław University and Wrocław University of Science and Technology. Two departments were established within it: the Pharmaceutical and Dentistry departments. In 1950, a specialized medical school was developed from the University, functioning briefly under the name of the Medical Academy (which was changed to the Academy of Medicine), already with an independent Faculty of Pharmacy. In 1979, the Medical Analytics Department was established within the Faculty of Pharmacy (which ceased its activities in 2020). In 1978, the Faculty of Nursing was created which was transformed into the Faculty of Public Health in 2001 and into the Faculty of Health Sciences in 2008. Starting in 1989, the school was called the Academy of Medicine in Wrocław (Akademia Medyczna im. Piastów Śląskich). In 1992, the Post-Graduate Faculty of Medicine (existing until the academic year 2019/2020) was distinguished from the Faculty of Medicine. In 2000, the Department of Dentistry was transformed into the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. As a part of the school, liberal arts and social studies connected with medicine were also developed in units located within the structure of various departments of the AM. The Academy of Medicine in Wrocław existed until 2011 when the decision was made to transform it into Wrocław Medical University (Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastów Śląskich), functioning until now. The article presents the major stages in the history of medical schools in Wroclaw after 1945, taking into consideration the external factors that had an effect on the changes occurring in them. It also presents their results. It consists of three parts. The first one presents the most important aspects of the history of the Faculty of Medicine of Wrocław University and Wroclaw University of Science and Technology in the years 1945–1949. The second part discusses the history of the Academy of Medicine in the years 1950–2011, and the third one of Wrocław Medical University in the years 2011–2020. The article contains an extensive bibliography of studies concerning the history of these schools as well as the system of public medicine in Poland in the years 1945–2020, providing the context for their activities.

75 lat polskiej medycyny i farmacji we Wrocławiu (1945–2020). Wybrane elementy historii wrocławskich wyższych uczelni. Część druga (1950–2011)

75 yeart of Polish medicine and pharmacy in Wrocław. Selected elements from the history of higher education in Wrocław. Part two (1950–2011) Professional training in medicine and pharmacy hat begun in Wrocław by the 1945. The Faculty of Medicine was created within the structure of Wrocław University and Wrocław Universite of Science and Technology. In 1950, a specialized medical school was developed from University, functioning briefl u under the name the Medical Academy (which was changed to the Academy of Medicine), with an independent Faculty of Pharmacy. In 1979, the Medical Analytics Department was established within the Faculty of Pharmacy. In 1978, the Faculty of Nursing was created which was transformed into the Faculty of Public Health in 2001 and into the Faculty of Health Sciences in 2008. Starting in 1989, the school was called the Academy of Medicine in Wrocław (Akademia Medyczna im. Piastów Śląskich). In 1992 the Post-Graduate Faculty of Medicine was distinquished from the Faculty of Medicine, In 2000 the Department of Dentistry was transformed into the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry. As a part of the school, liberal arts and social studies connected with medicine were also developed in units located within the structure of various departments of the AM. The Academy existed in Wrocław until 2011 when the decision was made to transform it into Wrocław Medical University (Uniwersytet Medyczny im. Piastów Śląskich we Wrocławiu), functioning until now. The article presents the major stages in the history of medical schools in Wrocław after 1945. The second part discusses the history of Academy of Medicine in the years 1950–2011.

TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF INDEPENDENT WORK OF HIGHER SCHOOL STUDENTS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE REFORMATIONS: 1905–1916

Introduction. Modern requirements for the training of specialists, their competencies encourage a more thorough study of the development of theory and practice of independent work of students in the history of higher education in Ukraine. Purpose. To substantiate the transformation of leading trends in the organization and content of independent work of students in higher education in the period under study. Methods. To achieve the goal of the scientific article, the integration of methods was used: chronologicalsystemic – aimed at revealing trends in the development of independent work in higher education as a didactic category; personified-bibliographic – for the analysis of epistolary heritage, the contribution of pedagogicalpersonalities in the development of the problem; structural-comparative – in order to systematize the scientificliterature, archival documents and compare their content; historical-diachronic – for scientific substantiation ofthe genesis and evolution of the content of independent work of students in the educational process of highereducational institutions of a certain period.Results. The formation of a network of new higher education institutions in Ukraine determined the need todevelop mechanisms for organizing and guiding the process of formation of theory and practice of independent workof students in the educational process depending on the specifics of training. Independent work as a pedagogicalcategory is characterized by multifunctionality, species diversity and diversity in the forms of implementation in theeducational process of higher education institutions.Originality. Analysis of scientific sources, archival materials, the results of the study allowed to formulatethe studied phenomenon.It is investigated that at the beginning of the twentieth century. in pedagogical thoughtwe observe the emergence of a new principle of learning theory – the active acquisition of knowledge throughindependent work.Conclusion. The study of the problem revealed that the increased interest in independent work, the pace of itsdevelopment as a psychological and pedagogical category, as well as the quality it achieved in the period underconsideration, due to understanding the epistemological and practical significance of independent work.Chronological and systematic analysis suggests the need for further constructive research of the historical andpedagogical component of the process of development of theory and practice of independent work of students in theeducational process of educational institutions and actualization of constructive experience in modernizing modernhigher education in Ukraine.

Author's Response

Author's Response

A Life in History: Making the Team

This article traces the author’s path from early life in the United Kingdom to graduate school in Newfoundland and New Brunswick and then to a series of faculty positions – ultimately, at Saint Mary’s University. Early work in the seventeenth-century history of northern New England gave way to a more broadly comparative approach to this era and, eventually, to an effort to coordinate imperial, colonial, and Indigenous history in northeastern North America. A variety of career uncertainties and evolutions also led to involvement in the history of higher education, the history of Atlantic Canada, and the history of sport. Through it all, collaborative work developed as a recurrent approach, with Atlantic Canada themes frequently underpinning responses to a variety of historiographies.