High Economic Performance Research Articles

Influence of a new controlled voltage regulator on the current and voltage non-sinusoidality of a power supply system

This work evaluates the influence of a new controlled voltage regulator on the current and voltage non-sinusoidality in different sections of a power supply system during smooth (discrete) voltage regulation on the high-voltage side of a shop transformer. The MatLab software application was used to develop a block-modular model for a transformer substation with the proposed controlled voltage regulator and measurement modules. The developed model was used to investigate the current and voltage non-sinusoidality in different parts of a power supply system when stabilizing the voltage at the consumer end at a given level. The study was carried out using a shop transformer with a capacity of 1 MV∙A and a voltage of 6/0.4 kV under an active-inductive character of the load with the load current phase angle of φ=45 deg. The obtained results confirm that, due to the extended functional capabilities of the proposed technical solution, the voltage at consumers is maintained at a given level under high technical and economic performance. When the network voltage is reduced by 5% and the activeinductive load current is increased by 35%, the proposed device was shown to create voltage non-sinusoidality. The voltage non-sinusoidality value does not exceed the permissible domestic and international norms. In addition, the proposed device is capable of maintaining the voltage at the consumer end at a given level. The obtained integral characteristic of voltage stabilization shows that the application of the proposed technical solution instead of the existing mechanical voltage regulator of the “switching without excitation” type allows the nominal voltage at the busbar of the switchgear to be retained. Further research will investigate voltage stabilization at consumers with simultaneous compensation of reactive power for complex improvement of technical and economic indicators of power supply systems under the conditions of unstable supply voltage and load current.

Worldwide Trends in Public Procurement Efficiency Studies Under the Lens of Award Criteria

This study aims to review the existing research on public procurement efficiency related to the evaluation criteria in the bid process. These can be grouped into two main approaches based on the lowest price criterion (LP) or via a multi-criteria assessment (MC). To this end, a bibliometric analysis was carried out, including an advanced search by topic and content analysis. The results of the analysis were documents published from 2006 to the beginning of May 2024 by authors from 47 countries. Of these, 79 were related to the LP criterion and 125 to the MC assessment. The main findings of this study show that the research on efficiency in public procurement has evolved towards the use of both monetary and non-monetary criteria. This trend is more prevalent in countries with high economic performance. Despite public procurement efficiency being an international topic, more collaboration among researchers from different countries is necessary. Moreover, this study shows the focus on research on metrics and initiatives for implementing environmental criteria and the need to pay more attention to social efficiency.

ESG disclosures, green innovation, and greenwashing: All for sustainable development?

AbstractAs stakeholder concerns about corporate sustainability intensify, greenwashing—where companies deceptively report their environmental performance for short‐term economic gain—poses a significant threat to long‐term sustainability, making it crucial to explore effective ways to curb this practice. Using data from 1,270 Chinese listed companies from 2009 to 2019, this study constructs two‐way fixed effects and moderating effects models to explore the crucial role of green innovation in curbing greenwashing. Green innovation not only reduces the incentives for greenwashing, but also makes a genuine contribution to environmental protection, thus promoting a “win‐win” scenario for both sustainability and corporate development. Moreover, the positive impact of green innovation on curbing greenwashing can be significantly amplified by easing financial constraints and enhancing firms’ risk‐taking capabilities to foster a stable financial environment, as well as by strengthening the governance structure through increased gender diversity and environmental background among managers. Heterogeneity tests show that this pathway is particularly effective in companies with heavy pollution and higher economic performance. The research findings help to formulate more effective management strategies and incentive mechanisms to reduce greenwashing and achieve sustainable development.

An Integrated Frequency Regulation Method Based on System Frequency Security Posture

As the share of renewable energy in a grid increases, the grid’s frequency support capability weakens, and the spatial distribution of grid frequency becomes more pronounced. As a result, control strategies based on system frequency consistency and traditional frequency regulation dominated by synchronous machines are becoming increasingly inadequate for meeting the frequency regulation requirements of new-type power systems. To enhance the system’s frequency support capability, it is imperative to fully utilize the frequency regulation resources within the power system. To address this issue, this paper first introduces a system frequency security posture assessment method that accounts for the spatial distribution characteristics of the grid. Subsequently, a parameter optimization method for diverse frequency regulation resources is proposed in conjunction with the proposed comprehensive evaluation method for frequency regulation. Next, using a renewable energy feeder regional grid as an example, an integrated frequency regulation method based on the system frequency security posture is presented. Finally, the frequency regulation performance and economic costs of different frequency regulation methods are analyzed under various operating scenarios and disturbances using a model based on actual data from the renewable energy feeder regional grid. The simulation and index calculation results demonstrate that the method proposed in this paper effectively enhances the system’s frequency support capability, reduces the frequency disparity between different nodes within the grid, and maintains high economic performance.

Implementation of a multistage predictive energy management strategy considering electric vehicles using a novel hybrid optimization technique

In this paper, a novel artificial intelligence (AI)-based energy management strategy across three levels is designed for isolated microgrids. During the initial phase, AI is not employed. A precise and rapid-response microcontroller, namely the FPGA, is utilized. The performance of the FPGA is experimentally investigated under various operation conditions. In the second phase, AI plays a crucial role in enhancing both the reliability and economic effectiveness of the system. The multi-objective snake optimization (SO) algorithm is employed to attain high technical and economic performance within predefined constraints. Three objective functions are involved in this phase, focusing on the minimization of operational costs, loss of power supply probability (LPSP), and electrical energy losses in the dummy load. In the third level, a novel control strategy-based coordinated model predictive control is presented as part of the proposed AI-embedded energy management strategy. A hybrid optimization algorithm combining the multilayer feed-forward neural networks (MFFNN) and SO algorithms is proposed to predict the output power of backup sources. The microgrid under consideration is supported by a hybrid backup system comprising battery energy storage systems (BESS), electric vehicle (EV) batteries, and fuel cells (FCs). The effectiveness of this hybrid algorithm is evaluated through comparison with many other algorithms, aiming to assess its performance in accurately predicting the output power of backup sources. The results show the feasibility of using AI to achieve efficient operation and energy management in microgrids. The proposed MFFNN-SO algorithm achieves the best performance, as the normalized root mean square error (NRMSE) for FCs, BESS, and EV is about 0.1296 %, 0.0094 %, and 0.1304 %, respectively. The SO algorithm achieves a notable 6.3361% reduction in operating costs, resulting in a final operational cost of 166.4811 $.

Assessing urban water-energy nexus characteristics in China and the US

Abstract The Water-Energy Nexus (WEN) provides a comprehensive concept for the cooperative management of resources. Although the WEN system in cities is intricately connected to socioeconomic activities, relationship between WEN and economic systems remains understudied. This study introduces a tri-dimensional Nexus Pressure Index (NPI) to assess the pressure on WEN system. Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and city tiers in the urban agglomeration were used to assess the relationship between the characteristics of WEN and economic system. We conducted a case study of 296 cities in China and 1330 counties in the United States from 2012 to 2019. During the 9 year study period, on average, pressure on WEN system have relieved by 22% in China and 27% in the United States, measured by NPI. Cities with most ideal characteristics (low pressure in all dimensions) rank merely in the middle of all eight classes, with GDP per capita 74% and 85% of the highest-GDP-per-capita class in China and the US respectively. Well-performing WEN system does not yield best economic outcomes. High water pressure correlates with better economic performance in the US, while high-energy-pressure cities had GDP per capita about 50% and 70% of the class with highest GDP per capita in China and the US, respectively, suggesting stronger economic constraints from energy stress. Urban agglomeration analysis revealed a negative relationship between WEN and economic performance. NPI in emerging cities is 0.6–1 lower than NPI in regionally-central cities in China, while 0.2–0.5 lower in the US. These results underscore the contradiction between preferred WEN characteristics and higher economic performance, and underpin the resource curse hypothesis at city-level in the two considered giants. A sustainable approach to harmonize WEN and economic system is in urgent need.

Enral® 80 is a feed additive for healthy intestines and high economic performance in poultry farming

Enral® 80 is a feed additive for healthy intestines and high economic performance in poultry farming

Ground replenishment strategy optimization of LEO satellite constellations considering performance degradation

This paper optimizes a ground replenishment strategy for large-scale LEO satellite constellations, aiming for ensuring high economic efficiency and performance requirements. Firstly, the uncertainties of influential elements are analyzed and satellite lifetime distributions are estimated to determine satellite operating statuses. Secondly, satellite statuses are used for obtaining real-time constellation status and simulating data package transmission paths. Performance degradation function is then derived by selecting time delay as the key performance. To confront with the performance degradation, an optimization model of ground replenishment strategy is established with the objective of minimizing the overall replenishment cost under the time delay and loading capacity constraints. The model is solved by a Dichotomous-domain algorithm. Finally, a case study of a large-scale STARLINK constellation is adopted to validate the effectiveness of the model and sensitivity analyses are conducted to verify its robustness.

Symbioza kreatywności i zrównoważonego rozwoju: modelowanie dynamicznych relacji pomiędzy zrównoważonym rozwojem a kulturą i przemysłem kreatywnym w krajach UE, Wielkiej Brytanii i Ukrainie

This study aims to examine the impacts of energy consumption and economic growth on the human development index of seven emerging countries (E-7) with high economic performance for yearly observations from 1992 to 2021. The analyses were carried out with second-generation panel data analyses: (i) Panel cointegration test with structural breaks proposed by Westerlund (2006), (ii) augmented mean group estimator recommended by Eberhardt and Bond (2009), and (iii) Dumitrescu and Hurlin (2012) panel causality test. The empirical model also included trade openness and urbanization parameters as control variables. The panel cointegration test outcomes reveal the presence of a long-run relation among the human development index and energy consumption, economic growth, urbanization, and trade openness for all countries. Augmented mean group test outcomes signify that energy consumption, economic growth, and trade openness have positive and statistically significant impacts on the human development index, whereas urbanization does not have any statistically significant impact in the long-run. Finally, panel causality test results signify that there is a bidirectional relation between the human development index and energy consumption, economic growth, and trade openness and also a unidirectional relation from urbanization to the human development index in E-7 countries. All these findings indicate that the main macroeconomic indicators have an important role on the human development index in E-7 countries. In this context, these countries should implement a more effective and innovative economic policy for Sustainable development goals.

ПІДТРИМКА ТОЧНОСТІ ЗНАЧЕНЬ КЕРУЮЧИХ ПАРАМЕТРІВ ЕЛЕКТРОГІДРАВЛІЧНОГО НАВАНТАЖЕННЯ ПРИ ШТАМПОВЦІ З ПРОСТОРОВО-ЧАСОВИМ КЕРУВАННЯМ

The article is devoted to ensuring the stability of the technological process of electrohydraulic stamping of thin-sheet large-sized parts. This process is realised on multi-contour EH presses equipped with the capabilities of space-time control of the workpiece load. This control ensures the production of high-quality parts and high technical and economic performance of the process.The control parameters include the geometry of the press energy release zone, the loading sequence of the workpiece sections and the value of the inter-electrode distance. The first parameters change little under specified operating conditions. The third parameter is subject to change over a specified number of discharges due to cavitation and EDM erosion. Violation of the specified value of the interelectrode distance leads to a violation of the energy release mode and its loss.As a result of the experiments, the mechanism of cavitation destruction of the high-voltage insulation of the working electrode was determined and a solution was proposed for the conditions of winding the high-voltage insulation with a glass fibre roving, as well as electrical insulation in the areas adjacent to the discharge zone.Several variants of the design of the end part of the working electrode, which is still directly in the EG discharge zone, were experimentally investigated.The ratio of the duration of the pre-discharge stage to the characteristic time of the discharge circuit was chosen as a criterion parameter of resistance to electrical erosion of the discharge edges. The duration of the pre-discharge stage was determined from the discharge voltage oscillograms.According to the given dependences of the above ratio on the number of discharges, the best design from the considered options was determined.The used value of this ratio for the selected design corresponds to ~ 2500 discharges at a voltage of 20...25 kV. This number of discharges is on average comparable to the operation during five shifts, after which it is necessary to restore the discharge edges of the electrode. To simplify the operations of changing electrodes, we propose a design in which the electrodes are fixed by clamping them with elastic washers.It is concluded that the goal has been achieved: maintaining stable operation of the EG press with high technical and economic indicators of the entire technological process at a given quality of parts manufacturing.It is concluded that the goal has been achieved: maintaining stable operation of the EG press with high technical and economic indicators of the entire technological process at a given quality of parts manufacturing.Objective of the work - is to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed technical solutions to increase the stability of the working electrodes and simplify their repair and restoration.

Energy markets restructure beyond 2022 and its implications on Qatar LNG sales strategy: Business forecasting and trend analysis

The emergence of new suppliers and energy resources has reshaped the energy market in terms of contractual structures and pricing systems. The market shifts were accelerated in response to the latest Russian-Ukraine crisis, impacting natural gas supply chains from financing projects to contracting volumes. The increased demand for liquified natural gas volumes intensified the need to switch from long-term oil-indexed contracts to short-term gas-indexed contracts. Those shifts were anticipated to influence the selling strategies for the expected added 49 MTPA of Qatari LNG, wherein increasing the share of spot selling would be reflected in higher economic performance. This study used forecasted prices to investigate potential Qatari LNG selling strategies. Initially, projections of the most dominant pricing systems used for pricing Qatari LNG (i.e., brent, Henry Hub, Title Transfer Facility, and Japan Korea Marker) were estimated between 2023 and 2040. While Qatar has been relying on long-term oil-indexed contracts, the second step estimated annual LNG revenues under different combinations of selling strategies (i.e., long-term and spot sales). Finally, the influence of varying brent slopes on the estimated revenues was measured. Due to data limitations and non-stationarity, the double exponential smoothing model was selected among the different tested models. Considering current market dynamics, forecasts of the double exponential smoothing model showed an upward price trend until 2040. An annual average increase of 1.24% for the studied pricing systems was reported. Reducing the share of long-term brent-indexed contracts to 70% and dedicating the remaining 30% of volumes to spot sales yielded the highest premiums for revenue estimates. An average annual revenue of $62 bn was reported for the 70/30 strategy, around 6% higher than the 100% brent-indexed contracts strategy. The findings revealed that diversifying the selling approach and introducing spot sales can enhance revenues. From the buyers’ perspective, the outcomes support policymakers in understanding the implications of escalated prices driven by a lack of liquidity investments.

Green entrepreneurial orientation and technological green innovation: does resources orchestration capability matter?

PurposeAlthough green entrepreneurial orientation (GEO) has received much attention, it is unclear whether it affects technological green innovation (GI). Therefore, this study aims to understand how GEO affects technological GI, with its dimensions green product innovation (GPRODI) and green process innovation (GPROCI), as well as to explore whether resource orchestration capability (ROC) moderates the relationships between them.Design/methodology/approachBased on a cross-sectional survey design, data were gathered from 177 managers of large manufacturing firms in Yemen and analysed using partial least squares structural equation modelling via SmartPLS software.FindingsThe results revealed that GEO positively affects both GPRODI and GPROCI, with a higher effect on GPROCI. Importantly, ROC does, in fact, positively moderate the link between GEO and GPRODI.Research limitations/implicationsThis research adds to knowledge by combining GEO, ROC and technological GI into a unified framework, considering the perspectives of the resource-based view and the resource orchestration theory. However, the study’s use of cross-sectional survey data makes it impossible to infer causes. This is because GEO, ROC and technological GI all have effects on time that this empirical framework cannot account for.Practical implicationsThe findings from this research provide valuable insights for executives and decision makers of large manufacturing companies, who are expected to show increasing interest in adopting ROC into their organisations. This suggests that environmentally-conscious entrepreneurial firms can enhance their GI efforts by embracing ROC.Social implicationsBy adopting the proposed framework, firms can carry out their activities in ways that do not harm environmental and societal well-being, as simply achieving high economic performance is no longer sufficient.Originality/valueTheoretically, the results offer an in-depth understanding of the role of GEO in the technological GI domain by indicating that GEO can promote GPRODI and GPROCI. In addition, the results shed new light on the boundaries of GEO from the perspective of resource orchestration theory. Furthermore, the findings present important insights for managers aiming to enhance their comprehension of leveraging GEO and ROC to foster technological GI.

ОСНОВНІ ЧИННИКИ СТАЛОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

Nowadays, enterprises operating in the difficult conditions of development of the modern economy, in the conditions of war, face many problems related not only to maintaining high economic performance, but also to the very possibility of remaining in the market. Therefore, the issues of ensuring the sustainable development of enterprises are of particular relevance, as the higher the sustainability of the enterprise, the lower the risk of unplanned results. The effective use of sustainable development mechanisms allows an enterprise not only to adapt to the negative impact of the external environment, but also to develop continuously. Вісник Чернівецького торговельно-економічного інституту. 2024. Вип. І (93) 40 The purpose of the study is to determine the main factors of sustainable development of the Ukrainian industry in the conditions of war. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is formed by: fundamental provisions of management, formal logic, general scientific theoretical methods of generalisation, comparison, which involves a consistent and structural analysis of basic terms and concepts (in the study of the essence and content of the concept of "sustainable development"); a combination of methods of systematic and logical sequential analysis to assess the dynamics of the processes under study (in the study of factors of sustainable development of an industrial enterprise); analysis and synthesis (in the analysis of the utilisation of production capacities). The article investigates the essence of sustainable development, the specifics of sustainable development of industry of Ukraine in the conditions of war; it identifies the main elements (factors) of the strategy of sustainable development of Ukrainian industry; it substantiates the importance of the enterprise structure in its ability to respond to changes in the external environment; proposes optimal solutions to solve problems for the enterprise in crisis situations and during the war. The proposed issues of sustainable development of the Ukrainian industry can be used for practical solution of problems related to the processes of adaptation of the Ukrainian management model to the European business valuation system based on the concept of double materiality. Prospects for further research include: application of reporting of Ukrainian enterprises in terms of sustainable development; impact on the environment and society of industrial companies in the context of sustainable development; principles of sustainable development during the war; study of experience of global companies in the field of sustainable development.

Parameter evaluation for a hybrid marine system combining solid oxide fuel cells and overexpanded steam-injected gas turbine

The article focuses on the development of decarbonized marine power systems, consisting of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) and gas turbines (GT), aiming to provide high economic and environmental performance. Currently, the potential of such systems is not fully realized due to issues related to the insufficient reliability and durability of the fuel cells themselves, as well as suboptimal heat utilization processes in the gas turbine section of the power plant. In contrast to previous research, this study demonstrates the prospects of using the steam-injected gas turbine (STIG) cycle and overexpanded turbine to improve the heat recovery conditions of exhaust gasses from fuel cells, enhance the efficiency of the power system, and increase the longevity of its key components. To achieve this, a corresponding mathematical model was developed, and optimization calculations for the proposed system cycle were conducted. Adopting the proposed cycle with a steam-injected gas turbine resulted in a 4.4 % increase in efficiency compared to traditional schemes. Such a system could be utilized in the design of advanced marine power system for the next generation.

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and its impact on the economic performance of G20 countries

This paper aims to examine the impact of the Russia-Ukraine war on the performance of the Group of Twenty (G20) countries by analyzing the economic performance of these countries before and after the war, analyzing and measuring empirically from 2000 to 2022. The Russian invasion of Ukraine has prompted many researchers to study the impact of the conflict on the economic performance of the world’s most prosperous countries. Furthermore, the influence of global commerce has demonstrated that the Russia-Ukraine war has impacted the global trade imbalance, harming the economic performance of the 27 European Union (EU) nations (Misini & Tosuni, 2023b). The methodology is based on a comparison of each of the G20 country’s economic performance indexes (EPIs) to the countries of the EU. These countries’ performance will be evaluated using the most essential macroeconomic indicators: unemployment, inflation, fiscal deficit, and yearly economic growth. In addition, this paper will examine the influence of the Russia-Ukraine war on the economic performance of these countries (G20). The analysis employed dot plot analysis, descriptive statistical analysis, and regression to conduct a more scientific investigation. The findings reveal that nations with high inflation as a result of the Russia-Ukraine war had lower economic performance, while those with low inflation had higher economic performance. Countries with lower inflation have produced greater economic results. Turkey and Argentina have experienced significant swings in economic performance. Economic growth and the budget deficit have had a favorable impact on the G20 countries’ economic performance.

МЕТОДИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ВЫБОРУ НАПРАВЛЕНИЙ РАЗРАБОТКИ МЕТОДОВ ОЦЕНКИ И АНАЛИЗА КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ

This article examines the theoretical problems of competitiveness, competitiveness as a multidimensional economic category can be considered in several aspects, between which there is a close relationship - the competitiveness of a country, the competitiveness of a commodity producer and the competitiveness of a commodity. Competition is a dynamic and evolving process, a continuously changing landscape in which there is a threat of invasion by new competitors. Competition among competitors is the threat of the emergence of substitute products for the economic potential of buyers. Market conditions are changing because there are forces in motion that create the conditions for change. In economic theory, the concept of enterprise competitiveness is given many definitions, each of which covers one or another side of it, or attempts to characterize it comprehensively. It can be noted that the degree of influence of competitive forces determines the marginal profit potential of the industry. The goal of the company is to find and take a position in the industry where it will be best protected from the influence of these forces or will be able to influence them from its side. The analysis of the forces of competition provides a solid basis for a strategic action plan. At the same time, each business entity is in a unique competitive situation, which necessitates the search for a variety of competitive solutions. Differences in the approaches of economists in determining the essence of competition are reflected when considering the category of competitiveness. The main task of each researcher studying the problems of competitiveness of an enterprise is to determine criteria, as well as to find sources and factors of competitiveness. In the economic literature, one can find very heterogeneous definitions of the competitiveness of an enterprise. An enterprise should know to what extent it is competitive in relation to other subjects of this market, since a high degree of competitiveness is a guarantee of obtaining high economic performance in market conditions, and have a strategic goal of achieving such a level that would help it survive in conditions of fierce competition. The level of competitiveness of an enterprise depends on many factors that can be conditionally grouped into two blocks: the competitive environment and the location. The essence and nature of the influence of competitive environment factors can be represented in the form of a model of the five forces of competition. On the other hand, in addition to the factors of the competitive environment, the level of competitiveness of an enterprise largely depends on the factors of its location. The influence of these factors can be represented as the following system of determinants: conditions of factors of production; conditions of demand; related, supportive and related enterprises; the strategy and structure of the enterprise. The presented determinants determine the existence of an environment in which enterprises arise and enter into competition. Their composition and interaction determine the advantages and disadvantages of an enterprise in the course of competition. Let's briefly consider each of these determinants. Conditions of factors of production include: availability of factors of production, hierarchy between factors of production (basic factors: natural resources, geographical location, unskilled labor, etc. and specialized factors: information infrastructure of modern digital databases, a system of research institutes, etc.); creation of production factors (investments, basic research, training system, cooperation and coordination with public institutions in the innovation process), as well as individual disadvantages of production factors (disadvantages of basic factors, lack of labor, lack of domestic supplies of raw materials and materials, harsh climate, which create obstacles to the innovation process). The "factor supply" category itself consists of five components: human resources (quantity, qualifications and cost of labor); physical resources (quantity, quality and accessibility of land, water, minerals, forests, energy sources, climatic conditions and geographical location); knowledge resources (accumulated in data banks and statistical services, knowledge and information or access to data accumulated in public institutions); capital resources (the amount of capital that can be attracted by an enterprise); infrastructure (transport system, communication system, housing stock, health and education systems, cultural institutions).

Contemporary understanding of transcription factor regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis in plants.

This review summarized how TFs function independently or in response to environmental factors to regulate terpenoid biosynthesis via fine-tuning the expression of rate-limiting enzymes. Terpenoids are derived from various species and sources. They are essential for interacting with the environment and defense mechanisms, such as antimicrobial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic properties. Almost all terpenoids have high medicinal value and economic performance. Recently, the control of enzyme genes on terpenoid biosynthesis has received a great deal of attention, but transcriptional factors regulatory network on terpenoid biosynthesis and accumulation has yet to get a thorough review. Transcription factors function as activators or suppressors independently or in response to environmental stimuli, fine-tuning terpenoid accumulation through regulating rate-limiting enzyme expression. This study investigates the advancements in transcription factors related to terpenoid biosynthesis and systematically summarizes previous works on the specific mechanisms of transcription factors that regulate terpenoid biosynthesis via hormone signal-transcription regulatory networks in plants. This will help us to better comprehend the regulatory network of terpenoid biosynthesis and build the groundwork for terpenoid development and effective utilization.

Natural resources lineage, high technology exports and economic performance: RCEP economies perspective of human capital and energy resources efficiency

Natural resources play a crucial role in economic growth and development. The presence of abundant natural resources can provide countries with opportunities for economic expansion, job creation, and increased export revenues. However, the utilization of natural resources also carries significant risks and challenges that can affect macroeconomic and environmental outcomes. This paper examines the impact of natural resource rents, high technology exports, human capital, and energy efficiency on economic growth of five RCEP nations over the period of 1989–2021. We use quantile regression method, which is useful for analyzing the relationship between two variables, especially when the effect of one variable on the other is anticipated to vary across various parts of the response variable's distribution. We find that natural resource rents are harmful for economic growth. However, high technology exports, human capital and energy efficiency positively affect economic growth. The findings also suggest that policies intended to promote growth should be tailored to the unique requirements and characteristics of countries at various stages of economic development.

Propyrisulfuron plus cyhalofop butyl as one-shot herbicides provide high weed control efficiency and net economic performance in mechanically transplanted rice.

Propyrisulfuron is a novel pyrimidinylsulfonylurea herbicide with good activity for controlling annual weed in rice fields. To evaluate the economic performance of propyrisulfuron, a field study was conducted in 2021 and 2022 on a farm of the Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China. Eight different herbicide treatments were employed, including CB (cyhalofop butyl), Py (propyrisulfuron), CBPy (cyhalofop butyl plus propyrisulfuron), PrBe 3, PrBe 10, and PrBe 3+PrBe 10 (pretilachlor plus bensulfuron applied at different times [at 3 (PrBe 3) and 10 (PrBe 10) d] or sequentially, respectively), 2PrBe+PeCBBz (pretilachlor plus bensulfuron [applied sequentially] followed by penoxsulam plus cyhalofop butyl plus bentazone), 2PrBe+MeCBBz (pretilachlor plus bensulfuron [applied sequentially] followed by metamifop plus cyhalofop butyl plus bentazone), along with weed-free and nontreated weedy check treatments. Herbicide treatments did not cause visual phytotoxicity to rice, and bending and leaf rolling were not observed. Only the two propyrisulfuron treatments had temporary negative effects on rice height, but rice recovered quickly. Compared with the weed-free treatment, CBPy did not affect rice tiller number or dry matter accumulation. Compared with the nontreated weedy check, herbicide treatments reduced total weed density by 29.4% to 99.1% and dry biomass by 32.2% to 98.7%. The CBPy treatment provided the best weed control, reducing weed density and biomass by 96.7% and 95.9% in 2021 and 97.4% and 95.6% in 2022, respectively. Rice grain yield was not significantly different between CBPy and the weed-free treatment in either year. Economic analysis showed that CBPy provided the highest net profit, followed by that in 2PrBe+PeCBBz and 2PrBe+MeCBBz, with the lowest net profit in the nontreated weedy check. Thus, CBPy provides good weed control and could be promoted in mechanically transplanted rice fields in China.

The “Smart Home” Heat Supply System Based on District Heating with the Utilization of Secondary Energy Resources Using a heat Pump

One of the most important aspects of a “smart home” is its heating system, which should provide comfortable living conditions for residents while also being energy-efficient. This article discusses an innovative approach to heating systems in “smart homes” based on centralized heating with the utilization of secondary energy resources using a heat pump. The proposed heating system combines the advantages of traditional centralized heating and the efficiency of heat pumps. The article presents a calculated scheme, for which a temperature chart was developed. A methodology for calculating heat loads for both the traditional heating scheme and combined heat and power (CHP) with heat pumps is also proposed, and the necessary calculations were carried out. For clarity of the obtained data, a graph depicting the total steam load required for heating as a function of ambient temperature is constructed, as well as a graph showing the steam load as a function of the duration of the ambient temperature. The analysis of the data revealed that the use of heat pumps in CHP schemes reduces electricity generation by eliminating its production in the steam flow in the condenser. This facilitates the coverage of the electricity consumption schedule during periods of low demand for the integrated energy system. Additionally, integrating a heat pump into the heating system of the centralized heating system helps reduce energy dissipation and greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere, making heating more sustainable and environmentally friendly. Moreover, the proposed heating system for a “smart home” demonstrates high technical and economic performance, ensuring the investment attractiveness of such a project.