High Degree Of Acceptance Research Articles

Pilot study of telehealth delivery of horticultural therapy (TeleHT) as an acceptable intervention and in reducing suicide risk factors in veterans

ObjectivesConverging evidence indicates that Horticultural Therapy (HT) contributes to significant reductions in stress, loneliness, and depression, notable risk factors for suicidality. This pilot study aimed to assess the initial feasibility and acceptability of HT when virtually administered. InterventionTelehealth-delivered horticultural therapy (TeleHT) was administered to groups of Veterans, including those with elevated suicide risk over the course of four weeks. Participants were each sent a package through the mail of at-home gardening supplies that were used to facilitate multisensory, nature experiences during weekly HT sessions administered via Zoom. Outcome measuresParticipants completed thermometer-based scales for the suicide risk factors of stress, loneliness, depression, and pain before and after each TeleHT session. Post-intervention qualitative assessments were completed upon the conclusion of the four-week intervention. ResultsSignificant reductions in stress, depression, and loneliness risk were observed from weekly pre- to post-session measures (p < 0.05), with 89.1 % HT completion rate. Stress, pain, depression, and loneliness indices also showed small to medium sized symptom reduction amongst Veterans with no history of suicidality (Cohen’s d=−0.70, d=−0.49, d=−0.62, d=−0.71), while those with elevated suicide risk at baseline also showed reduction in these risk factors with small to medium effect sizes (d=−0.58, d=−.018, d=−0.46, d=−0.41). Qualitative post-intervention assessments indicated a high degree of acceptability and pointed to the inclusion of mailed gardening packages as particularly relevant to positive experiences. ConclusionsWhile future work is needed to fully assess efficacy, findings from this pilot study demonstrate an initial feasibility and acceptability through a high retention rate and positive qualitative assessments for TeleHT that mirror that of the in-person intervention.

A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Peer Recovery Coaches for Addiction Recovery among Indigenous Americans

Addiction is a common and devastating problem among many Indigenous American (IA) groups around the United States. Too few IA health care providers are available to deliver care in a way that leverages IA values and traditions to support addiction recovery. Peer Recovery Coaches (PRCs) are individuals who have lived experience of addiction and have received specialized training in helping others in recovery. IA PRCs hold significant potential in helping to fill the gap of culturally-specific support in addiction. In this feasibility trial, we recruited a total of 120 adult (≥19 years) IAs with a substance use disorder through Facebook advertisements. Ninety participants were randomized to the PRC (experimental) group which received support from PRC and 30 to the Attention-Control (AC) group which received support from research nurse. Both groups received weekly support for 12 weeks. Participants completed weekly surveys during the 12-week intervention and monthly surveys during a three-month follow-up phase. The two groups had similar quantities of alcohol consumed, days of alcohol use, and days of drug use except that the PRC group had fewer days of alcohol use in the first three weeks of the intervention phase (2.05 days v. 3.5 days, p=0.04). We found that “support and advocacy” was the most common intervention provided by the PRC. The PRC intervention was widely accepted and appreciated by individuals who completed the program with 79% of individuals giving positive feedback regarding the PRCs and the remaining 21% giving neutral feedback. This trial provides some insights upon which future trials can draw to further evaluate the potential of PRCs in this hard-to-reach population with a high level of need. Trials or programs that rely on national recruitment may be successful in reaching a sufficient number of individuals but they may lack the more intensive in-person capacity that will likely help with retention. Despite this limitation, the current pilot demonstrated that racially-concordant PRC services likely have a high degree of acceptability among IA populations. Future studies may draw on these findings by having trained IA coaches recruit and work with individuals in-person to assist with higher levels of retention.

Production and characterization of flavored goat milk gels using zinc and calcium salts Producing functional foods

Goat milk gels were prepared using calcium and zinc salts. The viscosity of gel prepared by adding zinc chloride and flavored with banana and orange was higher than that of gel prepared using calcium chloride. WHC of gels prepared using zinc chloride and calcium chloride was high on the first day and then gradually decreased during storage time at 7 °C. The hardness of the sweetened, flavored goat milk gel prepared with calcium chloride was lower than that of the gel prepared with zinc chloride. The Sensory evaluation study showed that, in general, flavoring gels prepared from goat milk using zinc and calcium salts had a high degree of acceptability. Keywords: flavored gel; Zinc chloride; Goat milk; Rheological properties

Implementation feasibility of animal-assisted therapy in a pediatric intensive care unit: effectiveness on reduction of pain, fear, and anxiety

Animal-assisted therapies are an innovative strategy within health care humanization initiatives, and they could play a role in the reduction of pain or anxiety. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the feasibility of implementing animal-assisted therapy in a pediatric intensive care unit and its effectiveness for the reduction of pain, fear, and anxiety. A prospective, quasi-experimental study of animal-assisted therapy was designed in the pediatric intensive care unit of the Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre of Madrid, from January 2019 to December 2019. The study sample included patients who had been admitted to the unit and were over 3 years old. Satisfaction surveys were collected from the patients, family, and health personnel involved. Physiological variables and the level of pain (visual analog scale or Wong-Baker scale), fear (Child Medical Fear Scale), and anxiety (modified Yale Preoperatory Anxiety Scale) were evaluated before and after each session. Any existence of adverse events was recorded. A total of 74 therapy sessions were performed on 61 patients. All sessions were completed without any adverse effects. A total of 164 surveys were collected, providing an overall project rating of 9.69 out of a possible 10. The survey comments were found to be positive in most cases. No differences were found in the physiological variables measured before and after each session. There was a statistically significant decrease in pain, fear, and anxiety levels (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The implementation of an animal-assisted therapy project in a pediatric intensive care unit is feasible and safe and has a high degree of acceptance among both participants and healthcare staff. Animal-assisted therapy is effective for the reduction of pain, fear, and anxiety, and therefore, it could be considered an adjunct to non-pharmacological therapy.What is Known:• Animal assisted therapies (AAT) are an innovative strategy that could be beneficial to help pediatrics patients cope with admission difficulties and could even play a role in reducing pain, anxiety and/or delirium.• To date there are not studies to analyze the effectiveness of AAT in the field of Pediatric Intesive Care.What is New:• Our study confirms the feasibility and effectiveness of the implementation of an AAT in the field of Pediatric Intensive Care with a high degree of acceptance by participants, caregivers and healthcare personnel.• AAT demonstrated a reduction in pain, fear and anxiety in pediatrics patients admitted to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit.

Adequancy of treatment with canaglifozin alter alerts pharmacovigilance in the health management area

ObjectiveTo analyze the impact of a strategy on the suitability of canaglizozin, and its level of acceptance, after issuing recommendations based on drug surveillance alerts issued by the Spanish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency (AEMPS). DesignA prospective intervention from may 2016 to october 2016. LocationSouth Seville Health Management Area. ParticipantsPatients with active canagliflozin prescription. InterventionsThe study was conducted in three phases, the first one linked to the issuance of the safety information note on the canaglifozin by the AEMPS, the obtaining of the patient lists and the recommendations of the adequacy in the sending of letters. A second phase where the medical professional performed the actions and a final phase in which the degree of acceptance of the recommendations made by the Pharmacy Service is evaluated. Main measurementsSuitability of canaglizozin treatment and the level of acceptance by physicians. ResultsA total of 61 patients at baseline were included in treatment canagliflozin. Of the total number of patients referred to, some type of intervention was performed by the family and community medicine doctor after the pharmaceutical intervention (PI), by means of letters (n = 30), 56.7% were monitored, 33.3% were discontinued and 10.0% were closely monitored ConclusionsInterventions aimed at reviewing patients on canagliptin, based on pharmacovigilance alerts, have been effective, with a high degree of acceptance by the family and community medicine practitioner.

The mitigated carbon emissions of transitioning to virtual medical school and residency interviews: A survey-based study.

Prior to COVID, thousands of medical school and residency applicants traversed their countries for in-person interviews each year. However, data on the greenhouse gas emissions from in-person interviews is limited. This study estimated greenhouse gas emissions associated with in-person medical school and residency interviews and explored applicant interview structure preferences. From March to June 2022, we developed and distributed a nine-question, website-based survey to collect information on applicant virtual interview schedule, demographics and preference for future interview format. We calculated theoretical emissions for all interviews requiring air travel and performed a content analysis of interview preference explanations. We received responses from 258 first-year and 253 fourth-year medical students at 26 allopathic US medical schools who interviewed virtually in 2020-2021 and 2021-2022, respectively. Residency applicants participating in the study were interviewed at a mean of 15.3 programs (SD 5.4) and had mean theoretical emissions of 4.31 tons CO2 eq. Medical school applicants participating in the study were interviewed at a mean of 6.9 programs and had mean theoretical emissions of 2.19 tons CO2 eq. Ninety percent of medical school applicants and 91% of residency applicants participating in the study expressed a preference for hybrid or virtual interviews going forward. In-person medical training interviews have significant greenhouse gas emissions. Virtual and hybrid alternatives have a high degree of acceptability among applicants.

Flipped learning as an educational model in a cardiology residency program

IntroductionFlipped learning (FL) is a model which allows students to adjust their study rhythm by taking advantage of class time to apply their knowledge. Although FL meets many of the needs of the traditional lecture-based model and the exclusively virtual model, its effectiveness in medical residency programs has not been thoroughly studied. Our study evaluates the efficacy of an FL model in a cardiology residency program based on the satisfaction and academic performance of the participants.MethodA prospective, observational, and descriptive study was conducted at Ignacio Chávez National Institute of Cardiology in Mexico City to evaluate the satisfaction and effectiveness of an FL model for acquiring competencies in electrocardiographic diagnosis among thirty-one first-year cardiology residents. The Advanced Electrocardiography Workshop and a virtual classroom were designed for the intervention. Four teachers taught the workshop and video classes, and ten medical specialists from the participants’ areas of work performed evaluations of practical skills before and after the intervention.Results75% of the participants rated the intervention as very favorable compared to the traditional and virtual models. The main advantages offered by the FL model were identified. An improvement of high statistical significance was observed in participants’ academic performance after the intervention (P value < 0.001).ConclusionThe FL model has a high degree of acceptance among participants and teachers. Our study shows an improvement in academic performance after the intervention. Considering that the FL model is flexible and reproducible in other areas of medicine, it represents an excellent educational alternative that meets current needs.

A Novel Active Device for Shoulder Rotation Based on Force Control.

This article describes a one-degree-of-freedom haptic device that can be applied to perform three different exercises for shoulder rehabilitation. The device is based on a force control architecture and an adaptive speed PI controller. It is a portable equipment that is easy to use for any patient, and was optimized for rehabilitating external rotation movements of the shoulder in patients in whom this was limited by muscle-skeletal injuries. The sample consisted of 12 shoulder rehabilitation sessions with different shoulder pathologies that limited their range of shoulder mobility. The mean and standard deviations of the external rotation of shoulder were 42.91 ± 4.53° for the pre-intervention measurements and 53.88 ± 4.26° for the post-intervention measurement. In addition, patients reported high levels of acceptance of the device. Scores on the SUS questionnaire ranged from 65 to 97.5, with an average score of 82.70 ± 9.21, indicating a high degree of acceptance. The preliminary results suggest that the use of this device and the incorporation of such equipment into rehabilitation services could be of great help for patients in their rehabilitation process and for physiotherapists in applying their therapies.

‘A whole different ball game’: the qualitative experience of older adults with a transtibial amputation and the use of a self-aligning prosthetic ankle-foot on the STEPFORWARD trial

Background Older patients with lower limb amputation, categorised as having “limited community mobility”, are under-researched. Understanding their experience with a new prosthetic ankle-foot is important when designing clinical trials. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the adjustments they made after amputation and the acceptability of a self-aligning ankle-foot (SA-AF) to older adults. Methods Fourteen participants, who took part in the STEPFORWARD randomised controlled feasibility trial (ISRCTN15043643), were purposively recruited; nine were intervention participants and five were standard care participants. They were asked to reflect on their life prior to and consider the adjustments they made following their amputation. Participants in the intervention group were also asked about their views of the new SA-AF compared to their standard non-SA-AF. A thematic analysis was undertaken. Results Three broad themes were identified: The impact of the amputation; Role of clinical support; and Experiences of the SA-AF. The findings tell a narrative of the long-term impact that amputation has on these individuals’ lives. Participants randomised to receive the SA-AF were very positive about it, reporting less pain, greater mobility and being able to do more. Conclusion Participants who used the SA-AF found it an acceptable intervention. These findings suggest that a full-scale RCT is warranted.

The Patient Safety Adoption Framework: A Practical Framework to Bridge the Know-Do Gap.

Many patient safety initiatives fail to be adopted and implemented, even when proven effective. This creates the well-recognized know-do gap, referring to the discrepancy between what healthcare workers know should be done based on evidence and what takes place in practice. We aimed to develop a framework to improve the adoption and implementation of patient safety initiatives. We conducted a background literature review followed by qualitative interviews with patient safety leaders to identify barriers and facilitators to adoption and implementation. Inductive thematic analysis was used to generate themes that informed the development of the framework. We used a consensus-building approach to co-create the framework and guidance tool with an Ad Hoc Committee made up of subject-matter experts and patient family advisors. The framework was tested for utility, feasibility, and acceptability through qualitative interviews. The Patient Safety Adoption Framework contains 5 domains and 6 subdomains. The domains are leadership (subdomains: prioritization, accountability, governance), culture and context, process (subdomains: co-creation, high reliability, engagement), meaningful measurement, and person-centeredness. A guidance tool was developed to provide practical guidance for improvement teams using the framework. Testing affirmed the framework and guidance tool with a high degree of acceptability, feasibility, and utility among implementers and subject-matter experts. The Patient Safety Adoption Framework provides the essential components necessary to facilitate the adoption and implementation of patient safety initiatives. The framework offers a roadmap for healthcare organizations striving to close the know-do gap.

Implementation of a Hardware-Assisted Bluetooth-Based COVID-19 Tracking Device in a High School: Mixed Methods Study.

Contact tracing is a vital public health tool used to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. However, traditional interview-format contact tracing (TCT) is labor-intensive and time-consuming and may be unsustainable for large-scale pandemics such as COVID-19. In this study, we aimed to address the limitations of TCT. The Yale School of Engineering developed a Hardware-Assisted Bluetooth-based Infection Tracking (HABIT) device. Following the successful implementation of HABIT in a university setting, this study sought to evaluate the performance and implementation of HABIT in a high school setting using an embedded mixed methods design. In this pilot implementation study, we first assessed the performance of HABIT using mock case simulations in which we compared contact tracing data collected from mock case interviews (TCT) versus Bluetooth devices (HABIT). For each method, we compared the number of close contacts identified and identification of unique contacts. We then conducted an embedded mixed methods evaluation of the implementation outcomes of HABIT devices using pre- and postimplementation quantitative surveys and qualitative focus group discussions with users and implementers according to the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance framework. In total, 17 students and staff completed mock case simulations in which 161 close contact interactions were detected by interview or Bluetooth devices. We detected significant differences in the number of close contacts detected by interview versus Bluetooth devices (P<.001), with most (127/161, 78.9%) contacts being reported by interview only. However, a significant number (26/161, 16.1%; P<.001) of contacts were uniquely identified by Bluetooth devices. The interface, ease of use, coherence, and appropriateness were highly rated by both faculty and students. HABIT provided emotional security to users. However, the prototype design and technical difficulties presented barriers to the uptake and sustained use of HABIT. Implementation of HABIT in a high school was impeded by technical difficulties leading to decreased engagement and adherence. Nonetheless, HABIT identified a significant number of unique contacts not reported by interview, indicating that electronic technologies may augment traditional contact tracing once user preferences are accommodated and technical glitches are overcome. Participants indicated a high degree of acceptance, citing emotional reassurance and a sense of security with the device.

Assistive Technologies and Quadriplegia: A Map Point on the Development and Spread of the Tongue Barbell Piercing

The barbell piercing can be used as an assistive device that allows people with severe disabilities, such as tetraplegia, to control their environments using the movement of the tongue. The human tongue can move rapidly and accurately, such that the tip can touch every tooth. Lingual control systems allow people with disabilities to take advantage of their residual skills for easier communication and to improve the control of mobility and the surrounding environment. The aim of this study was to conduct a narrative review of the development and dissemination of the assistive technologies based on tongue control by means of the barbell piercing. The design of the study was based on: (I) an overview of Pubmed complemented with other databases and Web searches (also institutional); (II) an organization according to a standardized checklist for narrative reviews; (III) an arrangement with four different perspectives: the trends in the scientific literature, technological evolution and categorization, dominant approaches, issues of incorporation into the health domain-such as acceptance, safety, and regulations. The results have highlighted: (1) that the volume of scientific productions, which started in this sector before the smartphone expansion, has not increased; (2) that it is possible to make a map point of the technological evolution and categorization; (3) that these assistive technologies have a high degree of acceptance and performance, especially when integrated with aid tools with mechatronics; (4) and the complexity of the regulatory framework in this area. The study, from a general point of view, highlighted the high potential of these systems and we suggest investing the energy into agreement tools for assistive technologies (AT)s, such as health technology assessment studies, comparative assessment analysis, or consensus conferences that could allow a better diffusion and use of ATs, including these systems.

Bullet screen in pre-clinical undergraduate pharmacology education: a survey study

BackgroundThe lack of interaction and communication in pharmacology courses, especially since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which required a fast shift to remote learning at medical schools, leads to an unsatisfactory learning outcome. New interactive teaching approaches are required to improve pharmacology learning attention and interaction in remote education and traditional classrooms.MethodsWe introduced bullet screens to pharmacology teaching. Then, a survey was distributed to first-, second- and third-year pre-clinical undergraduate medical and nursing students at the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from November 2020 to March 2022. We evaluated the essential features, instructional effectiveness, and entertainment value of bullet screens. Responses to structured and open-ended questions about the strengths and weaknesses of the bullet screen and overall thoughts were coded and compared between medical and nursing students.ResultsIn terms of essential features, bullet screens have a high degree of acceptability among students, and this novel instructional style conveniently increased classroom interaction. Considering instructional effectiveness, bullet screen may stimulate students’ in-depth thinking. Meanwhile, students tended to use bullet-screen comments as a way to express their support rather than to make additional comments or to express their different viewpoints. The entertainment value of bullet screen was noteworthy. The lack of ideas might lead to relative differences between medical and nursing students, indicating that guiding the appropriate use of bullet screen is necessary.ConclusionsThe bullet screen may be popularized as an auxiliary teaching approach to promote interaction between teachers and students in the classroom as well as during remote education. It is an interesting and beneficial tool in pharmacology courses, yet there are several aspects of this device that should be improved for popularization.

Acceptance of European Values: Case Study Dr. Franjo Tuđman Croatian Defence Academy

The paper analyses the acceptance of selected democratic values by the students at the first, second, and third levels of progressive and sequential officer education at Dr. Franjo Tuđman Croatian Defence Academy and the understanding of a democratic society. The degree of the students&amp;#39; acceptance of nineteen values derived from the values of the European democratic system is examined. It includes students&amp;#39; acceptance of multi-party democracy, legislature, economy, living standard, human and civil rights, autonomy, private, public, and state property, as well as co-existence. The data collected during the process of preparation of the doctoral dissertation titled &amp;ldquo;Intercultural curriculum of military schools&amp;rdquo; were used. The dissertation was defended in 2018 at the Faculty of humanities and social sciences, University of Zagreb. The survey found that the level of military education is related to the level of acceptance of European democratic values. Students at higher levels of officer education show a higher degree of acceptance of selected democratic values and have a more positive attitude toward them.

When immunosuppression and COVID-19 intersect: An exploratory qualitative study of young lung transplant recipient perceptions of daily life during a pandemic.

BackgroundThe COVID‐19 pandemic poses an increased risk of infection, severe illness, hospitalization and mortality for young people who are immunosuppressed, including lung transplant (LTx) recipients. The aim of this study was to explore the intersection between immunosuppression and COVID‐19, through the impacts of the pandemic upon the daily lives of young LTx recipients residing in the Australian state of Victoria.MethodsAn exploratory qualitative research study was undertaken via consumer engagement. A purposive sample of 11 LTx recipients, residing in Victoria, was recruited during the first year of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted to gain insights into their daily life and healthcare experiences, including the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic. Data were interpreted using thematic analysis.ResultsFour major themes were identified: (1) occupational deprivation due to the intersection of COVID‐19 and lung transplant; (2) resilience and acceptance of restrictions; (3) infection control and vigilance about risk; and (4) care experiences of telehealth.ConclusionsOccupational deprivation emerged as a common theme, specifically in the context of loss of access to meaningful everyday activities of developmental significance. However, participants also commonly reflected upon their ability to flexibly adjust to changing socially regulated community and healthcare environments. A high degree of acceptance and compliance with public health orders was self‐reported, may be indicative of this cohort's long‐term experience of chronic illness and their understanding of the importance of minimizing infection risks. Youth‐informed healthcare strategies were identified as keystone to engaging them in institutional change and program adaptation during a pandemic.

Madrasah Teachers' Attitude and Acceptability towards Physical Education

Physical education is education through physical activities. It does not mean punishment, but fitness and conditioning exercise, even if inflicted as a form of punishment (no pain, no gain). The purpose of this study was to assess the madrasah teachers' attitude and acceptability towards physical education within the five (5) Madaris schools in Marawi City, Lanao del Sur, Philippines. This was a descriptive study. Data was collected from 290 Madrasah teachers, and total enumerations were employed. A structured questionnaire with five-point Likert scale ideals was duplicated and distributed among the 290 Madrasah teachers (190 females, 100 males) in the study context. The questionnaire covered relevant domains designed to elicit accurate and honest responses from the respondents, including demographic data, attitude towards physical activity, and the acceptability of physical education as part of the Madrasah curriculum. The study found that most of the teachers were female (65.52%), of the 31- 40 years age group (37.94%), the majority attained Koliah/College 200 or 68.97%), had bachelor's degree in Western Education 126 or 43.44%), and the length of service was from 6 to 10 years 111 or 38.27%). The majority of the teachers teaching Elementary level 100 or 34.48%). They had a positive attitude towards physical activity and a high degree of acceptability towards physical education as part of the Madrasah curriculum. It is imperative to design a program of activities suited to the needs and interests of the madrasah teachers and students, as well as, with the help of CSPEAR faculty in coordination with the different directors and administrators in Arabic schools in Marawi City, to promote and develop the value and importance of physical education and enhance participation in physical activities.

Non-scalpel Vasectomy Camps: Our Experience and Recent Trends in 2021

Background: Camp approach has been advocated as an effective means of motivating the target population to adopt vasectomy as a method of permanent sterilization. There is a high degree of acceptance of Non-scalpel Vasectomy (NSV) among physicians and laypersons. With this knowledge, we organized camps and found good results which we share in this article.&#x0D; Methods: Four NSV camps were organized in four different villages across India on a vehicle-mounted mobile operation theater. The meticulous and detailed planning, dissemination of information, careful execution, and post-procedure follow-up is enumerated.&#x0D; Results: A total of 76 individuals underwent the operation in these camps. The mean age of the participants was 35 ± 5.2 years (range, 27–44 years). The complication rate was negligible and there was no failure of vasectomy. There was a high level of satisfaction among those who underwent this procedure as seen by the increased number wanting to undergo the procedure from places where camps were located.&#x0D; Conclusion: NSV as a procedure is perceived as being simple and pain-free. Re-enforcing this fact and removing doubts, and conducting operations at the camp in an environment the client is familiar with achieved rewarding results.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of 3D-printing in otolaryngology education

IntroductionThree-dimensional (3D) printing has received increased attention in recent years and has many applications. In the field of otolaryngology surgery, 3D-printed models have shown potential educational value and a high fidelity to actual tissues. This provides an opportunity for trainees to gain additional exposure, especially as conventional educational tools, such as cadavers, are expensive and in limited supply. The purpose of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of the uses of 3D-printing in otolaryngology education. The primary outcomes of investigation were surgical utility, anatomical similarity, and educational value of 3D-printed models. Secondary outcomes of interest included country of implementation, 3D-printer materials and costs, types of surgical simulators, and the levels of training of participants. MethodsMEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar and previous reviews were searched from inception until June 2021 for eligible articles. Title, abstract, and data extraction were performed in duplicate. Data were analyzed using random-effects models. The National Institute of Health Quality Assessment Tool was used to rate the quality of the evidence. ResultsA total of 570 abstracts were identified and screened by 2 independent reviewers. Of the 274 articles reviewed in full text, 46 articles met the study criteria and were included in the meta-analysis. Surgical skill utility was reported in 42 studies (563 participants) and had a high degree of acceptance (84.8%, 95% CI: 81.1%–88.4%). The anatomical similarity was reported in 39 studies (484 participants) and was received positively at 80.6% (95% CI: 77.0%–84.2%). Educational value was described in 36 studies (93 participants) and had the highest approval rating by participants at 90.04% (87.20%–92.88%). A subgroup analysis by year of publication demonstrated that studies published after 2015 had higher ratings across all outcomes compared to those published prior to 2015. ConclusionThis study found that 3D-printing interventions in otolaryngology demonstrated surgical, anatomical, and educational value. In addition, the approval ratings of 3D-printed models indicate a positive trend over time. Future educational programs may consider implementing 3D-printing on a larger scale within the medical curriculum to enhance exposure to otolaryngology.

A novel algorithm-driven hybrid simulation learning method to improve acquisition of endotracheal intubation skills: a randomized controlled study

BackgroundSimulation-based training is a clinical skill learning method that can replicate real-life situations in an interactive manner. In our study, we compared a novel hybrid learning method with conventional simulation learning in the teaching of endotracheal intubation.MethodsOne hundred medical students and residents were randomly divided into two groups and were taught endotracheal intubation. The first group of subjects (control group) studied in the conventional way via lectures and classic simulation-based training sessions. The second group (experimental group) used the hybrid learning method where the teaching process consisted of distance learning and small group peer-to-peer simulation training sessions with remote supervision by the instructors. After the teaching process, endotracheal intubation (ETI) procedures were performed on real patients under the supervision of an anesthesiologist in an operating theater. Each step of the procedure was evaluated by a standardized assessment form (checklist) for both groups.ResultsThirty-four subjects constituted the control group and 43 were in the experimental group. The hybrid group (88%) showed significantly better ETI performance in the operating theater compared with the control group (52%). Further, all hybrid group subjects (100%) followed the correct sequence of actions, while in the control group only 32% followed proper sequencing.ConclusionsWe conclude that our novel algorithm-driven hybrid simulation learning method improves acquisition of endotracheal intubation with a high degree of acceptability and satisfaction by the learners’ as compared with classic simulation-based training.

Nursing Students' Attitudes, Future Role, and Knowledge Regarding Euthanasia Due to Unbearable Mental Suffering: A Single-Site Pilot Study.

This study examines the attitudes, view of their future role, and knowledge of nursing students regarding euthanasia due to unbearable mental suffering (UMS euthanasia) in Belgium. Nurses have a key role in this situation at many levels. The practice of euthanasia is expanding globally and laws are changing, making more research essential. A cross-sectional design and online survey were used. All nursing students at a Belgian university college participated. The majority of nursing students had a high degree of acceptance towards UMS euthanasia and highlighted their important role in the euthanasia decision-making process, but also reported a lack of knowledge and skills. Nursing education at all levels needs to recognize this knowledge gap, taking into account the complexity and broader context of end-of-life care.