High Wind Speeds Research Articles

A Global Coupled Atmosphere-Wave Model System Based on C-Coupler2. Part II: Preliminary Results

A global coupled atmosphere-wave model system (MPAS-NWW3) that consists of MPAS-A (Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere) and NWW3 (the Third Generation Wave Model, WAVEWATHCH III) with C-Coupler2 (the Community Coupler2) is demonstrated with a focus on the atmospheric results in global and the specific marine area in the year 2020. Results from the two-way coupled MPAS-NWW3 model and standalone MPAS-A are compared with reanalysis products. The coupled model performs better in terms of high wind speeds and long valid hours. This indicates that the coupled model has an obvious inhibitory effect on surface wind in areas with strong winds.

Theoretical and experimental study of a bi-stable piezoelectric energy harvester under hybrid galloping and band-limited random excitations

In the practical environment, it is very common for the simultaneous occurrence of base excitation and crosswind. Scavenging the combined energy of vibration and wind with a single energy harvesting structure is fascinating. For this purpose, the effects of the wind speed and random excitation level are investigated with the stochastic averaging method (SAM) based on the energy envelope. The results of the analytical prediction are verified with the Monte-Carlo method (MCM). The numerical simulation shows that the introduction of wind can reduce the critical excitation level for triggering an inter-well jump and make a bi-stable energy harvester (BEH) realize the performance enhancement for a weak base excitation. However, as the strength of the wind increases to a particular level, the influence of the random base excitation on the dynamic responses is weakened, and the system exhibits a periodic galloping response. A comparison between a BEH and a linear energy harvester (LEH) indicates that the BEH demonstrates inferior performance for high-speed wind. Relevant experiments are conducted to investigate the validity of the theoretical prediction and numerical simulation. The experimental findings also show that strong random excitation is favorable for the BEH in the range of low wind speeds. However, as the speed of the incoming wind is up to a particular level, the disadvantage of the BEH becomes clear and evident.

Modeling of Wind Power Generation in Tegal Region using Matlab Simulink

The increasing energy demands require larger energy production. However, fossil energy sources are depleting, necessitating the use of renewable energy to replace fossil fuels and meet energy needs in Indonesia. Indonesia has a significant wind energy potential. Wind power generation modeling is carried out in one of the cities in Indonesia, namely Tegal. By using Matlab Simulink, it is expected to assist in predicting renewable energy production. Tegal is one of the regions with high wind speeds in Indonesia, specifically at 3 m/s. From the modeling, the optimal blade radius and rotor angular velocity that can generate maximum power at a wind speed of 3 m/s can be determined. Wind power generation in Tegal with a wind speed of 3 m/s has the potential to produce electrical power of 768.55 W.

Thermal runaway propagation characteristics of lithium-ion battery modules in a restricted channel with different longitudinal wind velocities

Thermal runaway (TR) and its propagation (TRP) in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) present safety challenges, especially in confined spaces where wind speed's impact on TRP remains poorly understood. This study investigates the influence of longitudinal wind speed on TRP in LIBs within restricted channels. Results reveal a decreased incidence of TR with higher wind speeds. At 0 m/s, all cells in the two types of modules sequentially trigger TR, while speeds above 4 m/s prevent TR in any cells. TR onset temperature decreases, and onset time increases with wind speed. In the four-cell module, as wind speed rises from 0 m/s to 3 m/s, the TR onset for cell #1 increases from approximately 355 s to about 786 s. Dimensionless maximum remaining heat and dimensionless TR rate display a negative linear relationship with dimensionless wind speed. Dimensionless maximum remaining heat and TR rate exhibit a negative linear relationship with dimensionless wind speed. Additionally, the dimensionless TRP rate follows a power function with dimensionless wind speed. Energy flow distribution at different wind speeds is calculated, showing effective heat dissipation by longitudinal wind, delaying or preventing TRP. This research advances TRP theory and proposes a novel approach to mitigate TRP in LIBs.

Risk factors associated with Coxiella burnetii in wild boars: A study in South Korea

Coxiella burnetii is a Gram-negative bacterium that causes the zoonotic disease Q fever. Wild boars serve as reservoirs for C. burnetii. This study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with C. burnetii infection in wild boars. We analyzed the data from 975 wild boar samples collected from June to November 2021 in South Korea. We utilized the indirect ELISA to detect antibodies against C. burnetii. A sample optical density to positive-control optical density value exceeding 50% was classified as positive. We gathered data on the forestation, terrain, weather, agriculture, and animal density of the region where the samples were collected. Continuous variables were categorized into tertiles. We performed a univariate logistic regression analysis and included variables with a p-value < 0.2 in the final multivariable logistic regression model. In our multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for C. burnetii infection in wild boars, we used a forward selection method to enter variables based on the order of their significance. We performed the final multivariable logistic regression analyses using either continuous variables or variables categorized into tertiles. The prevalence of C. burnetii was 14.6% (n=142). Locations with the highest maximum wind speeds (3.92–8.24 m/s) showed a 59% increase in infection odds compared to locations with the lowest speeds (1.45–3.25 m/s)(p=0.044). For each 1 m/s increase in maximum wind speed, infection odds increased by 24.1% (p=0.037). Regions with the highest percentage of paddy fields per area (8.3–45%) showed a 76% increase in infection odds compared to regions with the lowest percentage (0–1.5%)(p=0.011). For each 1% increase in the proportion of paddy fields per area, infection odds increased by 3.3% (p=0.003). High maximum wind speed and a high percentage of paddy field were identified as significant risk factors for C. burnetii infection in wild boars.

Intercomparison of surface velocimetry techniques for drone-based marine current characterization

Mapping tidal currents is important for a variety of coastal and marine applications. Deriving current maps from in-situ measurements is difficult due to spatio-temporal separation of measurement points. Therefore, low-cost remote sensing tools such as drone-based surface velocimetry are attractive. Previous application of particle image velocimetry to tidal current measurements demonstrated that accuracy depends on site and environmental conditions. This study compares surface velocimetry techniques across a range of these conditions. Various open-source tools and image pre-processing methods were applied to six sets of videos and validation data that cover a variety of site and weather conditions. When wind-driven ripples are present in imagery, it was found a short-wave celerity inversion performed best, with mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 5–6% compared to surface drifters. During lower wind speeds, current-advected surface features are visible and techniques which track these work best, of which the most appropriate technique depends on specifics of the collected imagery; MAPEs of 9–21% were obtained. This work has quantified accuracy and demonstrated that surface current maps can be obtained from drones under both high and low wind speeds and at a variety of sites. By following these suggested approaches, practitioners can use drones as a current mapping tool at coastal and offshore sites with confidence in the outputs.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulation Study on Aerodynamic Characteristics under Unfavorable Conditions during Flight Phase in Ski Jumping

Objective: The stability of the flight phase in ski jumping is crucial for athletes’ performance and safety. This study aims to investigate the influence of unfavorable conditions on aerodynamic characteristics and flight stability through computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulations. Methods: The ski jumper and the skis are considered a multi-body system. A detailed three-dimensional (3D) model of this multi-body system under a commonly observed posture during flight is established. The Partially Averaged Navier–Stokes (PANS) turbulence model is employed, and CFD simulations are conducted to predict the aerodynamic characteristics of the multi-body system under lateral environmental wind and asymmetric postures during the flight phase. The conditions of asymmetric postures include yaw rotation and roll rotation. Results: (1) Lateral environmental wind generated a yaw force, yaw moment, and roll moment, which influenced the lift, drag, and pitch moment of the athlete. These forces and moments were relatively small at lower wind speeds (less than 3 m/s) and became more significant at higher wind speeds (greater than 4.5 m/s). (2) Under the influence of yaw rotation or roll rotation, the multi-body system exhibited a noticeable yaw force, yaw moment, and roll moment, all showing a monotonic increasing trend. Moreover, they had a significant impact on the lift, drag, and pitch moment of the multi-body system. Conclusion: (1) The influence of unfavorable conditions was complex, resulting in a significant yaw force, yaw moment, and roll moment on the multi-body system. The adverse effects of roll rotation were generally greater than those of yaw rotation. (2) The multi-body system exhibited self-stabilizing tendencies in yaw and roll. This phenomenon can provide a solution to maintain flight stability by employing appropriate yaw or (and) roll rotation angles, effectively compensating for or even eliminating the adverse effects of lateral environmental wind. (3) Understanding the mechanisms of how unfavorable conditions affect aerodynamic characteristics and stability during flight in ski jumping can provide valuable assistance for real-time prediction and decision making during competitions, as well as scientific guidance for training athletes’ stable flight control and techniques for improving their sport performance.

The impact of sea ice melt on the evolution of surface pCO2 in a polar ocean basin

The impact of sea ice melt on the evolution of surface pCO2 in a polar ocean basin

The WRF-CMAQ Simulation of a Complex Pollution Episode with High-Level O3 and PM2.5 over the North China Plain: Pollution Characteristics and Causes

The problem of atmospheric complex pollution led by PM2.5 and O3 has become an important factor restricting the improvement of air quality in China. In drawing on observations and Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Multiscale Air Quality (WRF-CMAQ) model simulations, this study analyzed the characteristics and causes of a regional PM2.5-O3 complex pollution episode in North China Plain, in the period from 3 to 5 April 2019. The results showed that in static and stable weather conditions with high temperature and low wind speed, despite photochemical reactions of O3 near the ground being weakened by high PM2.5 concentrations, a large amount of O3 generated through gas-phase chemical reactions at high altitudes was transported downwards and increased the O3 concentrations at the ground level. The high ground-level O3 could facilitate both the conversion of SO2 and NO2 into secondary inorganic salts and volatile organic compounds into secondary organic aerosols, thereby amplifying PM2.5 concentrations and exacerbating air pollution. The contributions of transport from outside sources to PM2.5 (above 60%) and O3 (above 46%) increased significantly during the episode. This study will play an instrumental role in helping researchers to comprehend the factors that contribute to complex pollution in China, and also offers valuable references for air pollution management.

Relative Humidity Dominances in Negative Air Ion Concentration: Insights from One–Year Measurements of Urban Forests and Natural Forests

Forests are one of the most important sources of negative oxygen ions (NAIs). NAIs have been recognized as beneficial for both physical and mental well–being, and higher concentrations of NAIs have been associated with improved health. However, the environmental factors that predominantly influence NAI concentration and their relationship with NAIs remain uncertain. This study aims to investigate the dominant factors and their impact on NAI concentration by observing NAIs and various environmental factors in two different environments (natural forest and urban forest) in the Beijing region over a one–year period. Through our investigation, we aimed to identify the key factor as well as other influential variables affecting NAI concentration. Our analysis encompassed the examination of dynamic concentration changes over multiple time scales, revealing uniform trends in both forest types. Notably, natural forests consistently demonstrated higher NAI concentration across these time scales, attributable to greater vegetation density and the stability of the forest microenvironment. By utilizing regression, correlation analysis, and structural equation analysis, we determined that relative humidity (RH) has the most significant effect on NAI concentration. Notably, both NAI concentration and RH displayed similar patterns across multiple time scales. When considering hourly average daily variation, the lowest values for both NAI concentration and RH were observed at noon, followed by an increase that persisted throughout the night. Seasonal average variation showed that both NAI concentration and RH peaked in the summer, followed by autumn. In terms of daily average annual variation, summer exhibited more days with high NAI concentration and high RH, which can be attributed to the increased rainfall during that season. Rainy weather was found to contribute to higher NAI concentration and RH levels. Furthermore, our findings revealed that on a daily scale, high RH and high NAI concentration occurred more frequently under conditions of high air temperature and low wind speed. However, the air quality index demonstrated only a minor effect in urban forest, while net radiation exhibited no significant influence on NAI concentration and RH. The fitted equations and trends of the aforementioned environmental factors with NAI concentration and RH were found to be comparable. The path analysis further corroborates these conclusions. The findings of this study indicate that RH is the primary factor driving the fluctuations in NAI concentration across various time scales, including hourly, daily, and seasonal variations. The study revealed that wind speed indirectly impacts NAI concentration by modulating RH. In contrast, air temperature influences NAI concentration both indirectly through RH and directly. The environmental factors affecting NAI concentration in the two types of forests are similar, but the degrees vary; in urban forests, wind speed, air quality index, and RH are slightly higher, while in natural forests, air temperature is slightly higher. This discovery further enhances our understanding of the underlying mechanisms and dynamic changes in NAI concentration within urban forests and natural forests. Moreover, it confirms the reliability and effectiveness of using RH as an indicator to monitor changes in NAI concentration over time.

Multi-point FLEET velocimetry in a Mach 4 Ludwieg tube using a diffractive optical element.

A diffractive optical element was paired with femtosecond laser electronic excitation tagging (FLEET) velocimetry and used to probe multiple locations in a high-speed wind tunnel. Two configurations were explored, one that uses the traditional method of viewing from a perspective orthogonal to the beam axis and another that uses a perspective parallel to the beam axis. In the latter, the FLEET emissions are viewed as points that can allow for FLEET measurements in a wall normal fashion without the laser needing to impinge upon the surface. The configurations are demonstrated in a Mach 4 Ludwieg tube, highlighting their utility in high-speed flow measurements.

Power Limitation at High Wind Speed for a Variable Speed Fixed Pitch Wind Turbine using Close-Loop Scalar Control

This paper represents the speed regulation for a fixed pitch stall-regulated variable speed wind energy conversion system. The speed regulation in the high (above rated) wind speeds region is the main topic of this paper where in this region, the rotor/generator speed activity is controlled by using the concept of adjustable or variable speed drive (ASD/VSD). Speeds need to be controlled in order to maintain the generated power by reducing the power coefficient from the peak of Cp curve. It can be achieved by reducing the tip speed ratio from the optimum value when wind speed vary from rated wind speed to cut-out wind speed. Therefore, closed-loop scalar speed control with the concept of constant ratio of voltage/frequency was being applied. In addition, simple algorithms of drive train and squirrel cage induction generator were being used. A proportional integral (PI) controller was used to control the generator slip speed. Results demonstrate that such a closed-loop scalar control with proportional integral (PI) controller is good enough to accurately maintain constant power by restraining the rotational speed corresponding to the wind speed variation at the rated wind speed.

The impact of dynamic traffic and wind conditions on green infrastructure performance to improve local air quality

Road traffic represents the dominant source of air pollution in urban street canyons. Local wind conditions greatly impacts the dispersion of these pollutants, yet street trees complicate ventilation in such settings. This case study adopts a novel modelling framework to account for dynamic traffic and wind conditions to identify the optimal street tree configuration that prevents a deterioration in air quality. Measurement data from a shallow to moderately deep street canyon (average 0.5 H/W aspect ratio and four lanes of 1-way traffic) in Dublin, Ireland was used for model calibration. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models were used to examine scenarios of dynamic traffic flows within each traffic lane with respect to its impact on local PM2.5 concentrations on adjacent footpaths, segmenting air quality monitoring results based on different wind conditions for model calibration. The monitoring campaign identified higher PM2.5 concentrations on the leeward (north) footpath, with average differences of 14.1 % (2.15 μg/m3) for early evening peaks. The modelling results demonstrated how street trees negatively impacted air quality on the windward footpath in parallel wind conditions regardless of leaf area density (LAD) or tree spacing, with mixed results observed on the leeward footpath in varying traffic flows and wind speeds. Perpendicular wind direction models and high wind speed exacerbated poor air quality on the windward footpath for all tree spacing models, while improving the air quality on the leeward footpath. The findings advise against planting high-LAD trees in this type of street, with a minimum of 20 m spacing for low-LAD trees to balance reducing local air pollution and ventilation capacity in the street. This study highlights the complexities of those in key decision-marking roles and demonstrates the need to adopt a transparent framework to ensure adequate modelling evidence can inform tree planting in city streets.

Identification of weather patterns and transitions likely to cause power outages in the United Kingdom

Lightning strikes, snow, and wind are common causes of power system failures. Their frequency of occurrence varies depending on weather patterns and seasons. Here, we analyse the occurrence of thirty pre-defined daily weather patterns along with nearly 70,000 power system failures in the United Kingdom between 2010 and 2019 to investigate the predictability of weather-induced power outages. We identify high-risk weather patterns and pattern transitions for all seasons. Winter weather patterns characterized by high wind speeds and high precipitation volumes are responsible for many instances of power outages caused by wind, gale, and lightning strikes. Weather patterns with moderate to high snowfall are often linked to power outages caused by snow and ice. Because high-risk weather patterns can be forecast reliably with valuable lead time, clear links between specific patterns and transitions can significantly improve the preparedness of the United Kingdom and broader European distribution network operators for adverse weather conditions.

Approach Distances of Scottish Golden Eagles Aquila chrysaetos to Wind Turbines According to Blade Motion Status, Wind Speed, and Preferred Habitat

Understanding drivers underlying birds’ responses to operational wind turbines is essential for robust wind farm proposal assessments, especially for large raptors with life history traits engendering sensitivity to impacts from two potential adverse effects: fatality through collision with rotating turbine blades and functional habitat loss through avoidance of turbines. The balance between these two potential effects represents opposing extremes on a continuum and is influenced by several factors. Collisions have an obvious impact on survival, but the impacts of avoidance may be more insidious and potentially more significant for a population. It is reasonable to conclude that collisions are less likely when blades are motionless. Consequently, turbine shutdown systems (TSSs, “shutdown on demand” or “curtailment”), instigated as raptors approach operational turbines, may provide mitigation against collisions. By contrast, if avoidance is most likely, this could be independent of blade motion, and TSSs/curtailment would provide no mitigation against habitat loss. For birds tending to wariness of turbines, therefore, it is important to understand if it is conditional on blade motion. Scottish golden eagles show a strong propensity to avoid (be wary of) turbines, subject largely to the suitability of habitat at and surrounding turbine locations. A previous Scottish study found that approach distances to turbines by non-territorial eagles were unaffected by blade motion but were closer at higher wind speed. Here, we analyse movement data from a GPS-tagged territorial eagle and non-territorial eagles responding to the motion status (and wind speed) of turbines at another Scottish wind farm. Eagles’ approach distances to turbines were only weakly affected by blade motion but were closer at higher wind speed. We again found that habitat suitability in and around turbine locations was strongly influential on eagles’ approach distance to turbines. Our confirmation that blade motion had little effect on Scottish golden eagles’ wariness of turbines suggests that for eagles that are prone to avoid turbines, their wariness is a response to turbines per se, and not blades’ movement. In our study system, and others where avoidance is the predominant response, curtailment of turbines’ operation on birds’ close approaches, or making turbine blades more obvious, should, therefore, have little material influence on functional habitat loss impacts. If true, this has important implications for wind farm designs and any proposed mitigation.

Wind farm site selection using GIS-based multicriteria analysis with Life cycle assessment integration

The sustainability of wind power plants depends on the selection of suitable installation locations, which should consider not only economic and technical factors including manufacturing and raw materials, but also issues pertaining to the environment. In the present study, a novel methodology is proposed to determine the suitable locations for wind turbine farms by analyzing from the environmental perspective. In the methodology, the life cycle assessment (LCA) of wind turbines is incorporated into the decision process. The criteria are ranked using analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The study area is chosen as the western region of Türkiye. The obtained suitability map reveals that wind speed is not the sole criterion for selecting a site for wind turbine farms; other factors, such as bird migration paths, distance from urban areas and land use, are also crucial. The results also reveal that constructing wind power plants in the vicinity of İzmir, Çanakkale, Istanbul, and Balıkesir in Türkiye can lead to a reduction in emissions. İzmir and its surrounding area show the best environmental performance with the lowest CO2 per kilowatt-hour (7.14 g CO2 eq/kWh), to install a wind turbine due to its proximity to the harbor and steel factory across the study area. Çanakkale and the northwest region of Türkiye, despite having high wind speeds, are less environmentally favorable than İzmir, Balıkesir, and Istanbul. The findings of LCA reveal that the nacelle and rotor components of the wind turbine contribute significantly (43–97%) to the environmental impact categories studied, while the tower component (0–36%) also has an impact.

A Direct Torque Control Method for CSC Based PMSG Wind Energy Conversion Systems

The Current Source Converter (CSC) technology is well suited for high power wind energy applications. Because it drives generally features like simple converter structure, smooth power injection at the grid side and excellent short circuit protection. The main drawback lays its dynamic torque response. An improved Direct Torque Control (DTC) method is proposed in this paper to overcome this drawback. Using DTC method for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) in a wind energy system has some advantages such as, simple control system and topology, ease of tracing Maximum available power from the wind and flux weakening control in high wind speeds. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system, good dynamic response and acceptable MPPT capability.

First-Year Mortality of Four Early-Successional Species on Severely Degraded Sites in Eastern Canada as Influenced by a Factorial of Site Preparation Treatments

Barren, severely disturbed sites lacking soil, such as mine sites and waste deposit sites, present severe challenges to ecological service restoration because of high temperatures, solar radiation, and wind speeds; extreme temperature changes; and low soil moisture and nutrient availability. An ecological restoration experiment using three site preparation treatments was conducted. Straw (S), Meri-Crusher (MC), and coarse woody debris (CWD) were assessed in a site, no site preparation 2 × 2 × 2 factorial, including a control treatment, on sites barren for 25 years. In addition, four early-successional species: white birch (WB, Betula papyrifera Marsh), gray birch (GB, Betula populifolia Marsh), green alder (GA, Alnus viridis Vill. ssp. crispa Ait) and speckled alder (SA, Alnus incana L. ssp. rugosa Du Roi), were examined for mortality. Mortality was measured after three time periods, summer-related 2021, winter-related, and frost heave mortality (spring 2022). Summer-related mortality was predominantly influenced by S treatments (reduced mortality) and their interactions. Straw’s ability to retain moisture strongly suggests it mitigated summer-related drought mortality. S interactions were not rank changes but magnitude effects. The species × straw interaction showed that SA had the greatest magnitude difference, with 25% and 3.6% summer-related mortality for NS and S treatments, respectively. SA, a hydrophilic species, accounted for nearly half the total summer-related mortality, and there were strong species effects and species interactions. The full combination of site preparation treatments had the lowest summer-related mortality, at 1%. Winter-related mortality only affected 1.9% of the total sample size, and there were no species effects or interactions, but contrary to other results, S was the leading cause of mortality due to fungal presence found on expired seedlings. For frost heave mortality, it was clear that the S treatment was effective, with 1.2% and 20.7% overall mortality for S and NS, respectively. MC alone had the greatest negative effect, with 46.9% frost heave mortality; however, when interacting with S or CWD, the mortality decreased substantially. Frost heave had no species interactions and only a species effect, with SA having the greatest mortality. Over the first full year, MC alone and control had the greatest mortality, with 60% and 38%, respectively, after one year. Overall, one-year mortality showed S reduced mortality by 27% and CWD by 19%, while MC increased mortality by approximately 4%. When treatments were combined in any way, mortality dropped significantly, showing an additive effect, with the three-combination treatment resulting in the lowest one-year mortality, of only 3.1%. Straw provided the strongest effect, both as an effective barrier to moisture evaporation, providing up to 10% more soil moisture under dry conditions and provided an effective thermal barrier that substantially reduced the frost heave mortality. Even early-successional species such as WB, GB, GA, and SA need site preparation treatments to establish and survive the first year on long-term barren lands.

A multi-factor spatio-temporal correlation analysis method for PV development potential estimation

The impact of wind speed on PV power generation is influenced by the monsoon and the complex topography and environmental factors found in mountainous areas. This complexity can reduce the correlation between PV power and irradiance. To better understand the impact of wind speed, we conducted an analysis in various topographical regions of the Hengduan Mountain in China. Our findings show that high wind speeds can enhance PV utilization, particularly in plateau and hill regions. This is due to the blocking and lifting effect of the north-south oriented mountains on the east-west wind, as well as the channeling effect on the north-south wind. To improve the efficiency of utilizing solar energy, it is important to consider the spatial distribution of wind speed when developing PV. Correlation analysis of multi-factors on a spatial and temporal scale can also offer insight. Furthermore, planning the layout of PV systems with meteorological resources in mind can enhance PV utilization in complex mountainous terrain.

Aerodynamic performance comparison of wind-driven turbine ventilators: A numerical investigation

Wind-driven roof ventilator is a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solution for improving indoor ventilation and reducing energy use. This study aims to compare the ventilation performance of turbine ventilators with curved and straight blades of various sizes, utilizing both computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods and experimental validation. Additionally, a mathematical expression is derived based on the aerodynamic principles of turbomachinery. The results indicate that both types of ventilators exhibit two streams of rotating airflow and an upward airflow. The angular velocity and ventilation rate demonstrate an approximately linear increase with higher wind speeds, and ventilators with smaller outer diameters experience a greater rate of increase in angular velocity. Larger-sized ventilators, despite having lower angular velocities, achieve higher ventilation rates for geometries of similar proportions. However, it should be noted that reducing the throat diameter may result in inadequate ventilation rates. In general, straight blade ventilators outperform curved blade ventilators, yielding 10%–38% higher ventilation rates due to their lower flow resistance. The discharge coefficients for the former and the latter are 0.32–0.37 and 0.25–0.32, respectively. The derived mathematical expression based on aerodynamics agrees well with the simulation results, providing a means for predicting ventilator performance. The objectives of this study are to enhance understanding of the ventilation performance of two types of turbine ventilators, aid in the selection and design of wind-driven roof ventilators, and promote improved indoor ventilation and energy efficiency.